A Euryhaline Organism Would Be Poorly Adapted To Living In Coastal Environments

Introduction to Oceanography Dr. Bob Griffin ______Name

Test 5 01 May 2007

For each of the questions below, choose the one BEST answer from the choices provided.

1. A euryhaline organism would be poorly adapted to living in coastal environments. a. True b. False

2. The neritic province is associated with the continental shelf a. True b. False

3. The depth of the oxygen minimum is found in the bathypelagic zone a. True b. False

4. The euphotic zone is contained entirely within the epipelagic zone. a. True b. False

5. Which of the following is NOT a Kingdom of life? a. Monera b. Plantae c. Archaea d. Animalia e. Protista

6. Which of the following correctly contains the name of all three domains? a. Eukarya, Prokarya, Protista b. Eukarya, Prokarya, Archaea c. Plantae, Animalia, Bacteria d. Archaea, Eukarya, Bacteria e. Life, Death, the in-between state

7. Which of the following word pairs correctly link a descriptor with the way in which the organism lives in the ocean? a. benthos - drift b. benthos - swim c. nekton - bottom-dwelling d. nekton - swim e. plankton - bottom-dwelling 8. With respect to their marine environment, these organisms can be referred to as:

a. benthos b. heterotrophs c. nekton d. plankton e. predators

9. Nekton are restricted to particular ocean areas by : a. availability of food b. differences in water pressure with depth c. changes in salinity d. temperature variations with latitude and depth e. all of the above conditions may restrict the distribution of nekton

10. All of the following are adaptive solutions employed by marine organisms to prevent sinking except: a. building a flotation mechanism such as an air bladder b. decreasing density c. decreasing cellular fat content d. increasing drag in the water e. increasing the surface area to volume ratio

11. Euryhaline organisms: a. are less common than stenohaline organisms b. can survive wide salinity fluctuations c. only tolerate small temperature changes d. require less oxygen for survival e. tolerate a narrow range of salinities

12. Organisms that cannot withstand large changes in temperature are referred to as: a. eurythermal b. euryhaline c. estuarine d. isothermal e. stenothermal 13. An organism that tolerates a wide range of salinities is referred to as: a. euryhaline b. hypertonic c. hypotonic d. isotonic e. stenohaline

14. Coastal waters that are highly productive tend to be: a. brown in color b. colorless c. deep blue in color d. green in color e. light blue in color

15. The photic zone is confined to the: a. abyssopleagic zone b. bathypelagic zone c. epipelagic zone d. mesopelagic zone e. neritic province

16. In primary production: a. carbon dioxide is released into the water b. oxygen is utilized by plants c. oxygen utilized by animals is less than the oxygen consumed by autotrophs d. proteins are made by animals e. there is a net gain in organic carbon

17. An important marine autotroph that has SiO2 incorporated in the cell walls are: a. coccolithophorids b. cyanobacteria c. diatoms d. dinoflagellates e. radiolarians

18. If 10,000 KCAL of energy were contained in the primary producers, on average how many KCAL of energy would you expect to be transferred to third-order consumers? (think primary; consumer 1; consumer 2, consumer 3) a. 10,000 KCAL b. 1000 KACAL c. 100 KCAL d. 10 KCAL e. 1 KCAL 19. The efficiency of trophic transfers in ecosystems is on average around: a. 75% b. 50% c. 30% d. 10% e. 5%

20. The area of the ocean that produces the largest standing stock of commercial fish is in the: a. coastal areas b. epipelagic zone c. mesopelagic zone d. tropical areas e. upwelling areas

21. The term by-catch refers to: a. krill and other shellfish b. non-target species that are caught along with commercial species c. species caught as part of traditional fisheries d. species harvested for industrial purposes e. species raise in aquaculture settings

22. From the surface of the ocean to the deepest areas, what is the proper sequence of terms to describe light levels? a. aphotic, disphotic, euphotic b. euphotic, aphotic, disphotic c. disphotic, aphotic, euphotic d. euphotic, disphotic, aphotic

23. Where are large areas of consistent upwelling found in the oceans? a. Around the Hawaiian islands b. on the east side of continents c. on the west side of continents d. around Antarctica e. in the central oceans 24-30: Match the organism with the correct taxonomic classification. Use each choice once, more than once, or not at all.

24. blue whale _____ A, Order Carnivora

25. bottlenose dolphin _____ B. Order Cetacea, Suborder Mysticeti

26. manatee _____ C. Order Cetacea, Suborder Odontoceti

27. fur seal _____ D. Order Pinnipedia

28. sperm whale _____ E. Order Sirenia

29. walrus _____

30. polar bear _____

31. Which of the following is a member of the Phylum Cnidaria? a. copepod b. jellyfish c. nautilus d. sea cucumber

32. The shape of a caudal fin of a shark is referred to as: a. forked b. heterocercal c. lunate d. homocercal e. truncate

33. Sea lions are easily distinguished from seals because they: a. cannot rotate their anterior flippers backward b. cannot rotate their anterior flippers forward c. have external ears d. have a short neck e. use their posterior flippers for swimming

34. The humpback whale and other baleen whales migrate every year to: a. feed in the Arctic and Antarctic regions during the winter b. feed in the tropics during the summer c. feed in the tropics during the winter d. mate and give birth in the Arctic and Antarctic regions during the summer e. mate and give birth in the tropics during the winter 35. What is the name of the muscles that most fish use to swim? a. pelvic b. anal c. operculum d. myomeres e. caudal

36. Which of the following is NOT an adaptation whales have for spending great times at depth? a. smooth skin to reduce turbulence and increase hydrodynamics b. lungs more efficient at removal of oxygen than in land mammals c. muscles can operate well under high levels of CO2 d. circulatory system supplies vital organs when diving; reduced flow to non-vital systems

37. Which group of marine animals have baleen plates to filter food out of the water? a. pinnipeds b. dugongs c. odontocetes d. mysticetes e. humans

38. In which of the selections below are all of the structures used by dolphins in producing signals for echolocation? a. lower jaw, melon, blowhole b. lower jaw, melon, tongue c. frontal surface of skull, lower jaw, melon d. frontal surface of skull, ears, melon e. melon, blowhole, frontal surface of skull

39. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of schooling in fish? a. capture of individual less like when in a large group b. group leaders can educate young fish c. coordinated movement makes capture difficult d. greater likelihood of finding mates e. school may appear as a large unit