South America Civilizations

South America Civilizations: WORLD HISTORY NOTES Incan Empire DATE:______

Geography of South America  The ______have several impacts on life in S. America. o Provide ______(Westward Side of Mountains). o Provide ______(Leeward Side of Mountains.) o Provides somewhat defensible barrier.  The western portion of South America. This region receives very little rainfall.

Early South American Civilizations  ______o 900-200 BC  ______o 400 BC- 600 AD  ______o 200 BC- 600 AD . ______

Background of the Incas  Empire extended along the ______. o Consisted of modern ______.  Inca originated in village of Paqari-tampu, about 15mi south of Cuzco  Official language: Quecha

The Incan Empire  ______. o ______(died 1471) he was the Incan leader from 1438 to 1471. . With the help of his son, Topa Inca, he extended the Incan empire through the use of military force and political alliances.  See the different stages of expansion under each ruler.

Incan Government  At the height of the empire in the 1500’s… o Had a population of ______.  Common people paid a labor tax, or ______. o ______. o ______.  A quipa (set of colored and knotted cords) helped keep a system of record keeping. >> Can’t read or translate records. o ______o ______o ______ Capital City: ______ When the Incan conquered new villages they had a system of ______for old local leaders, and instead would empower new leaders loyal to the Inca Empire.  Had a road system but it was only used by ______. o ______o ______o Crime is almost nonexistent.

Incan Economy  “There were ______as we know them in the Incan Empire.” o ______. The government would distribute goods to all the citizens. . Extra food or goods were stored away for times of need.

Economic Developments 1. Constructed______2. Metal works of ______3. Developed important ______4. Resources- ______5. Created ______Incan Religion  Polytheistic religion o ______god is the main figure worshipped.  People pray to the gods because they were seen to ______.  Things offered to the Gods. o Food, clothing, and drink  Rituals included forms of: o ______o Sacrifice of humans and animals

Incan Society  ______was a cooperative community consisting of several families. o 10 Ayllus needs one chief  Classes o Upper Class: . ______o Lower Class: . ______ No Slaves in Incan Society

Incan Achievements  Architecture & Building o Temples, forts, and roads . ______ Arts o Metalworking . Intricate ornaments of gold and silver.  ______ Weaving o ______. You could tell who was is a certain class based on what they wore.

Factors of Decline  The Inca Empire lasted only about a 100 years. 1. ______2. Internal Conflicts 3. ______