Unit 2: Ecology Review Sheet

Unit 10: Ecology Review Sheet

1. What is Ecology?

2. What is the original source of energy for most living things? ______

a. If you can take this energy and turn it into food you are called an ______or a ______. b. The process of turning light into energy is called ______. c. The process of using chemicals to create energy is called ______.

3. If you must consume your food to get energy you are called a ______or a ______.

4. Where do the following organisms get their energy? a. Herbivore: b. Carnivore: c. Omnivore: d. Detritivore/Scavenger: e. Decomposer:

5. What is each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web called?

a. Only ______% of the energy stored in an organism is passed on to the next trophic level.

b. Where does the rest of the energy go?

6. What are the three ways to show energy transfer?

a. Of those ways, what are the three types of pyramids?

b. What does biomass mean? 7. What does abiotic mean? ______List some abiotic factors:

8. What does biotic mean? ______List some biotic factors:

9. Define niche.

a. Define habitat.

b. What four main things must an organism get from their habitat?

10. What are the 6 levels of ecological organization (opcebb)?

a. Which term is the first to incorporate abiotic factors?

b. Which level refers to the combined portions of the earth?

11. What is primary succession?

a. How is it different from secondary?

b. Which type of succession occurs faster?

12. ______+ ______= climate a. What other two factors might influence climate (think of our map): b. Which two biomes receive the least amount of precipitation?

c. Which biome has the most biodiversity (overall plants and animals)?

d. Which biome is the coldest and has permafrost?

13. Define and give an example for each of the three main types of symbiotic relationships: a. Mutualism-

b. Commensalism-

c. Parasitism-

14. What is predation?

a. Give one example of a predator/ prey relationship.

b. What increases competition?

15. If an organism moves into an area it is an ______.

16. If an organism moves out of an area it is an ______.

17. Define limiting factor.

18. What is the carrying capacity?

a. How does the limiting factor affect carrying capacity? 19. List two ways that a population can decrease in size.

a. List two ways a population can stay the same size.

b. List two ways a population can increase in size.

20. What is demography?

21. List three density-dependent factors.

22. List three density-independent factors.

23. Draw a small food chain, including: lion, zebra, grass and sun.

a. How many steps is the lion away from the sun?

b. What level consumer would the lion be?

c. If the grass received 100 calories from the sun, how many of those calories would the lion receive (think 10% rule)?

d. Compare the amount of energy the lion would receive if it ate the grass to the amount it gets eating the zebra.