Name: ______Period: ______Date: ______Practical Applications of Biotechnology:

TOOLS

1. Define biotechnology.

2. One-celled microorganisms most commonly used in bioprocessing technology are ______and ______.

3. What do we call the biomolecular components that are used most often? What do they do?

4. For thousands of years, we’ve used microbial fermentation (bioprocessing) for what?

5. Now what do we rely on?

6. What do we use besides microbial cells?

7. What is genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)?

8. What does GMO stand for? What is an example of a GMO? AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS

1. What is our world’s population today? What is our world’s population expected to reach by 2030?

2. How can biotechnology help meet these ever-increasing needs? CROP BIOTECHNOLOGY

1. What did our earliest farmers do for “traditional crossbreeding”?

2. What is a disadvantage of “crossbreeding”?

3. What does biotechnology allow plant breeders to do?

4. What are biofuels (another agricultural application)?

5. From what is ethanol is produced?

6. What can ethanol help reduce?

7. Biofuels can help the U.S. reduce its dependence on ______. FOREST BIOTECHNOLOGY

1. How is biotechnology helping the forest industry?

2. Explain why we would want to change the tree’s cellulose-to-lignin ratio.

3. How could this type of biotechnology affect global warming?

4. Biotechnology is also helping to produce enzymes for cleaning contaminated soil with what? ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

1. What is the market for biotechnology-based animal health products and services? Name: ______Period: ______Date: ______

2. What are some benefits that biotechnology provides for farm animals?

3. How do pets benefit from biotechnology?

4. What is a transgenic animal?

5. How have transgenic cows, pigs and lambs been genetically modified for food production?

6. How can biotechnology help endangered species? MEDICAL AND HEALTH CARE APPLICATIONS

1. How has biotechnology helped in human health care?

2. What diseases to-date have been treated using biotechnology therapeutics (approved by the FDA)?

3. What is the common foundation these therapies share? CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

1. What is “industrial biotechnology”?

2. What is petroleum what is the most common product it is used for?

3. What is the advantage of using a “living system” over a man-made chemical plant?

4. Finally, biotechnology is also yielding new methods for what?