Cpr for Adults

CPR FOR ADULTS

CPR(CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION)-KEEPING OXYGENATED BLOOD FLOWING TO THE HEART AND BRAIN UNTIL NORMAL HEART ACTION AND BREATHING CAN BE RESTORED.

ADULT CHAIN OF SURVIVAL 1. PHONE 911 EARLY 2. EARLY CPR 3. EARLY DEFIBRILLATION- AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED) 4. EARLY ADVANCE CARE

4 LIFE THREATENING EMERGENCIES IN ADULTS 1. HEART ATTACK 2. CARDIAC ARREST 3. STROKE 4. CHOKING- (FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION)

HEART ATTACK- WHEN ONE OR MORE BLOOD VESSELS, CARRYING OXYGEN TO THE HEART, IS BLOCKED CAUSING THAT PART OF THE HEART TO DIE.

SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK 1. SEVERE CHEST PAIN OR PRESSURE THAT LAST MORE THAN A FEW MINUTES 2. SHORTNESS OF BREATH 3. FEELING LIGHTHEADED 4. NAUSEA 5. SWEATING

CARDIAC ARREST-THIS IS WHEN THE HEART STOPS PUMPING BLOOD TO THE BRAIN AND THE BODY.

SIGNS OF CARDIAC ARREST 1. NO RESPONSE 2. NOT BREATHING 3. NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION (NO LONGER THAN 10 SECONDS) * NORMAL BREATHING * COUGHING * MOVEMENT

STROKE-WHEN PART OF THE BRAIN DOES NOT RECEIVE BLOOD FLOW AND OXYGEN DUE TO A BLOOD VESSEL BEING BLOCKED OR BLEEDING IN THE BRAIN. SIGNS OF A STROKE

1. THE WORST HEADACHE YOU HAVE EVER HAD 2. FACIAL DROOPS 3. NUMBNESS IN ONE SIDE OF THE BODY 4. TROUBLE SPEAKING-SPLURRING WORDS 5. TROUBLE SEEING CLEARLY 6. LOSS OF BALANCE 7. CONFUSION

CHOKING-WHEN A FOREIGN BODY HAS BLOCKED THE AIRWAY AND THE BRAIN AND HEART CAN NOT GET OXYGEN.

SIGNS OF CHOKING 1. PLACING YOUR HANDS AROUND YOUR THROAT 2. CAN NOT SPEAK 3. CAN NOT COUGH 4. HIGH PITCHED SOUNDS

PLACING THE HANDS AROUND THE THROAT IS THE UNIVERSAL SIGN FOR CHOKING!

REMEMBER THE ABC'S OF CPR 1. AIRWAY 2. BREATHING 3. CIRCULATION

ADULT CPR

1. MAKE SURE THE SCENE IS SAFE FOR BOTH YOU AND THE VICTIM 2. CHECK FOR A RESPONSE-IF THE VICTIM IS UNRESPONSIVE 3. PHONE 911 IMMEDIATELY 4. OPEN AIRWAY- HEAD TILT / CHIN LIFT 5. CHECK FOR BREATHING-LOOK, LISTEN & FEEL 6. GIVE 2 SLOW BREATHS (1 SECOND EACH) 7. CHECK FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION (NO LONGER THAN 10 SECONDS) *NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT 8. IF NO CIRCULATION IS PRESENT: 1. QUICKLY REMOVE CLOTHING FROM THE FRONT OF THE CHEST THAT WILL GET IN THE WAY OF DOING CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND USING AN AED. 2. GIVE 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES 3. CHEST COMPRESSIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED AT A RATE OF 100 TIMES PER MINUTE. 4. REPEAT THE ENTIRE SEQUENCE UNTIL THE VICTIM: 1. SHOWS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION

* NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT 2. THE AED ARRIVES 3. UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES.

WHEN YOU SEE SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BUT THERE IS STILL NO BREATHING STOP CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND DO: RESCUE BREATHING 1. OPEN AIRWAY-HEAD LIFT/CHIN TILT 2. 1 BREATH / 5 SECONDS 3. REPEAT THIS CYCLE FOR ABOUT A MINUTE OR 10-12 BREATHES.

FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (FBAO) (IN ADULTS) 1. ASK THE VICTIM: ARE YOU CHOKING? CAN YOU SPEAK? IF THE ANSWER IS NO TELL THE VICTIM YOU ARE HERE TO HELP 2. STAND BEHIND THE VICTIM, WRAPPING YOUR ARMS AROUND AND TO THE FRONT OF THE CHOKING VICTIM'S ABDOMEN, JUST ABOVE THE NAVEL, AND WELL BELOW THE RIBS. MAKE A FIST WITH ONE HAND AND WHILE HOLDING YOUR FIST INSIDE YOUR OTHER HAND PERFORM ABDOMINAL THRUSTS (IN AND UPWARD MOVEMENTS COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE HEIMLICH MANUEVER) UNTIL THE OBJECT IS EXPELLED OR UNTIL THE VICTIM BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE. 3. IF THE VICTIM IS AN ADULT AND BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE, PHONE 911 IMMEDIATELY, THEN START CPR. 4. BE SURE YOU CHECK THE AIRWAY BEFORE EACH RESCUE BREATH TO SEE IF YOU CAN EASILY REMOVE THE OBJECT THAT IS BLOCKING THE AIRWAY. 5. CONTINUE CPR UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES OR UNTIL THE VICTIM HAS EXPELLED THE OBJECT AND CAN BREATH ON HIS OWN

CPR FOR CHILDREN AND INFANTS

CHAIN OF SURVIVAL FOR CHILDREN AND INFANTS 1. PREVENTION-CAR SEATS, SEAT BELTS, HELMETS, INFANTS BACK TO SLEEP, BLOCK STAIRWAYS WITH GATES, CHILDPROOF CABINETS FROM POISONS

2. CPR-IF YOU ARE ALONE AND A CHILD OR INFANT BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE, PERFORM 5 SETS OF CPR: 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR FOR ABOUT 2 MINUTES

BEFORE CALLING 911. IF YOU ARE NOT ALONE SEND SOMEONE TO CALL 911 WHILE YOU START CPR. 3. PHONE 911-AFTER PERFORMING 2 MINUTES OF CPR AND THE CHILD OR INFANT IS STILL UNRESPONSIVE, STOP CPR AND CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY 4. ADVANCE CARE-CONTINUE TO PERFORM CPR UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES

4 LIFE THREATENING EMERGENCIES FOR CHILDREN AND INFANTS 1. CARDIAC ARREST 2. BREATHING DIFFICULTIES 3. RESPIRATORY ARREST 4. CHOKING

CARDIAC ARREST-WHEN THE HEART STOPS PUMPING BLOOD TO THE BRAIN AND THE BODY

SIGNS OF CARDIAC ARREST 3 MAIN CAUSES 1. NO RESPONSE 1. SIDS 2. NOT BREATHING 2. INJURY 3. NO SIGNS OF CIRCULATION: 3. BREATHING *NO NORMAL BREATHING DIFFICULTIES *COUGHNIG *MOVEMENT

** CHILDREN WILL BE LIMP AND LIFELESS WHEN THEY ARE IN CARDIAC ARREST.

BREATHING DIFFICULTIES-ANYTHING THAT CAUSES AN ABNORMAL BREATHING PATTERN

SIGNS OF BREATHING DIFFICULTIES 1. GASPING FOR AIR 2. BREATHING EXTREMELY SHALLOW 3. BREATHING EXTREMELY FAST

RESPIRATORY ARREST-WHEN AN INFANT OR CHILD STOPS BREATHING OR BREATHES SO SLOWLY OR SHALLOWLY THAT OXYGEN DELIVERY TO THE BRAIN IS INADEQUATE

SIGNS OF RESPIRATORY ARREST 1. UNRESPONSIVE 2. NOT BREATHING 3. THE CHILD WILL HAVE SIGNS OF CIRCULATION FOR THE FIRST

FEW MINUTES OF RESPIRATORY ARREST

CHOKING-WHEN A FOREIGN BODY BLOCKS THE AIRWAY AND THE BRAIN AND HEART CAN NOT GET OXYGEN

SIGNS OF CHOKING 1. CAN NOT SPEAK OR COUGH 2. PLACING HAND AROUND THE THROAT 3. HIGH PITCHED SOUNDS-GASPING FOR AIR 4. FINGERNAILS AND LIPS MAY BECOME BLUE

CPR FOR CHILDREN (AGES 1-8)

STEPS OF CPR FOR CHILDREN 1. MAKE SURE THE SCENE IS SAFE FOR BOTH YOU AND THE VICTIM. 2. CHECK FOR A RESPONSE-IF THERE IS NO RESPONSE AND YOU ARE NOT ALONE SEND SOMEONE TO CALL 911. IF THERE IS NO RESPONSE AND YOU ARE ALONE, START CPR. 3. OPEN AIRWAY-HEAD TILT/CHIN LIFT (CONTINUE TO HOLD THE PALM OF THE HAND ON THE CHILD'S FOREHEAD TO KEEP THE AIRWAY OPEN) 4. CHECK FOR BREATHING-LOOK, LISTEN AND FEEL 5. GIVE 2 SLOW BREATHS *BE SURE THE CHEST RISES WITH EACH BREATH * IF THE CHEST DOES NOT RISE, REOPEN THE AIRWAY, RETILT THE HEAD AND TRY AGAIN 6. CHECK FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION (NO LONGER THAN 10 SEC.) *NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT 7. IF NO CIRCULATION IS PRESENT: 1. QUICKLY REMOVE CLOTHING FROM THE FRONT OF THE CHEST THAT WILL GET IN THE WAY OF DOING CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND USING AN AED. 2. USING THE HEEL OF ONE HAND, GIVE 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES 3. CHEST COMPRESSIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED AT A RATE OF 100 TIMES PER MINUTE.

4. REPEAT THE ENTIRE SEQUENCE UNTIL THE VICTIM: 1. SHOWS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION * NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT

2. THE AED ARRIVES 3. UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES.

IF THE VICTIM SHOWS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION BUT IS STILL NOT BREATHING STOP CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND DO RESCUE BREATHING FOR CHILDREN: 1 BREATH / 3 SECONDS-20 BREATHS PER MINUTE

FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (FBAO) CHOKING IN A CHILD

1. ASK THE CHILD: ARE YOU CHOKING? CAN YOU SPEAK? IF THE ANSWER IS NO, REASSURE THE CHILD THAT YOU CAN HELP. 2. KNEEL DOWN OR STOOP TO STAND BEHIND THE CHILD THEN WHILE WRAPPING YOUR ARMS AROUND THE CHILD. 3. MAKE A FIST WITH ONE HAND AND THEN HOLD IT INSIDE THE OTHER HAND AGAINST THE CENTER OF THE CHILD'S ABDOMEN, JUST ABOVE THE NAVEL, AND BELOW THE BREASTBONE; PROVIDE ABDOMINAL THRUST (IN AND UPWARD MOVEMENTS COMMONLY KNOWN AS THE HEIMLICH MANUEVER) UNTIL THE CHILD EXPELLS THE OBJECT OR THE CHILD BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE. 4. IF THE CHILD BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE, BEGIN CPR FOR CHILDREN: 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS. BE SURE YOU CHECK THE AIRWAY BEFORE EACH BREATH TO SEE IF YOU CAN EASILY REMOVE THE OBJECT THAT IS BLOCKING THE AIRWAY. 5. IF YOU ARE ALONE CONTINUE CPR FOR 5 SETS OF 30 COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR FOR ABOUT 2 MINUTES THEN STOP AND PHONE 911. IMMEDIATELY. 6. RESUME CPR UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES OR UNTIL THE CHILD HAS EXPELLED THE FOREIGN OBJECT AND CAN BREATH ON HIS OWN.

CPR FOR INFANTS (AGES BIRTH-1 YEAR)

STEPS IN INFANT CPR 1. CHECK TO SEE IF THE INFANT IS RESPONSIVE, IF THERE IS NO RESPONSE AND YOU ARE NOT ALONE, SEND SOMEONE TO CALL 911. IF YOU ARE ALONE BEGIN CPR IMMEDIATELY.

2. OPEN AIRWAY-HEAD TILT/CHIN LIFT PLACE THE PALM OF ONE HAND ON THE FOREHEAD OF THE INFANT TO TILT THE HEAD BACK AND OPEN THE AIRWAY. KEEP YOUR HAND ON THE INFANTS FOREHEAD THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE PROCEDURE 3. CHECK FOR BREATHING-LOOK, LISTEN AND FEEL FOR AIR 4. GIVE THE INFANT 2 SLOW BREATHS.

*BE SURE THE CHEST RISES WITH EACH BREATH *IF THE CHEST DOES NOT RISE, REOPEN THE AIRWAY, RETILT THE HEAD AND TRY AGAIN 5. CHECK FOR SIGNS OF CIRCULATION (NO LONGER 10 SECONDS) *NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT 6. IF NO CIRCULATION IS PRESENT: 1. QUICKLY REMOVE CLOTHING FROM THE FRONT OF THE CHEST THAT WILL GET IN THE WAY OF DOING CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND USING AN AED. 2. USING THE 2-3 FINGER TECHNIQUE, GIVE 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES 3. CHEST COMPRESSIONS SHOULD BE PERFORMED AT A RATE OF 100 TIMES PER MINUTE. 4. IF YOU ARE ALONE, AT THE END OF 5 SETS OF 30 COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES STOP AND CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY. 5. REPEAT THE ENTIRE SEQUENCE UNTIL THE VICTIM: 1. SHOWS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION * NORMAL BREATHING *COUGHING *MOVEMENT 2. THE AED ARRIVES 3. UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES.

IF THE INFANT SHOWS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION (MOVEMENT) BUT IS STILL NOT BREATHING-STOP CHEST COMPRESSIONS AND CONTINUE WITH RESCUE BREATHING FOR INFANTS: 1 BREATH / 3 SECONDS-20 BREATHS PER MINUTE

FOREIGN-BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION (FBAO) (CHOKING IN INFANTS) 1. HOLD THE INFANT FACE DOWN ON YOUR FOREARM WITH THE INFANT'S HEAD SUPPORTED SECURELY IN YOUR HAND (REST YOUR ARM ON YOUR LEG OR LAP FOR SUPPORT) 2. DELIVER UP TO 5 BACK BLOWS WITH THE HEEL OF YOUR FREE HAND IN THE MIDDLE OF THE INFANTS BACK 3. TURN THE INFANT OVER AND GIVE UP TO 5 CHEST THRUSTS ALONG THE LOWER HALF OF THE BREASTBONE REMEMBER TO USE THE 2 OR 3 FINGER TECHNIQUE WHEN PERFORMING INFANT CHEST THRUSTS 4. ALTERNATE 5 BACK BLOWS AND 5 CHEST THRUSTS UNTIL THE OBJECT IS EXPELLED OR THE INFANT BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE. 5. IF THE INFANT BECOMES UNRESPONSIVE, BEGIN CPR FOR

INFANTS: 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS BE SURE YOU CHECK THE AIRWAY BEFORE EACH BREATH TO SEE IF YOU CAN EASILY REMOVE THE OBJECT THAT IS BLOCKING THE AIRWAY. 6. IF YOU ARE ALONE, CONTINUE CPR FOR 5 SETS OF 30 COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS OR FOR ABOUT 2 MINUTES THEN STOP AND PHONE 911 IMMEDIATELY. 7. RESUME CPR UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES OR UNTIL THE INFANT HAS EXPELLED THE OBJECT AND IS BREATHING.

**ANY TOY THAT IS SMALL ENOUGH TO FIT INSIDE A TOILET PAPER ROLL IS TO SMALL FOR A CHILD OR INFANT TO USE WHEN PLAYING

ADULT 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS 5 SETS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES 100 COMPRESSIONS / MINUTE

COUNT: ONE ONE-THOUSAND, TWO ONE-THOUSAND

CHILD CPR 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS 5 SETS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES 100 COMPRESSIONS / MINUTE COUNT: ONE-AND-TWO AND-THREE AND-FOUR AND-FIVE

INFANT CPR 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS / 2 BREATHS 5 SETS OR ABOUT 2 MINUTES AT LEAST 100 COMPRESSIONS / MINUTE COUNT: ONE, TWO, THREE, FOUR, FIVE

RESCUE BREATHING

ADULT RESCUE BREATHING 1 BREATH / 5 SECONDS=10-12 BREATHS / MINUTE

CHILD AND INFANT RESCUE BREATHING 1 BREATH / 3 SECONDS=20 BREATHS / MINUTE

**IF CPR IS SUCCESSFUL AND THE VICTIM SHOWING SIGNS CIRCULATION AND BREATHING ON HIS OWN, PLACE THE VICTIM IN THE RECOVERY POSITION (LYING ON HIS SIDE) AND MONITOR HIM UNTIL MEDICAL HELP ARRIVES!