C H H N U A R G C E H 1 Iron Ore: Deposits supplied the Antietam Furnace before the C&O Canal was built. R E S Y T

O Antietam Village: Once a thriving industrial area; only three lime kiln chimneys are left.

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MARYLAND First iron furnace began in 1765, producing arms for the Revolution, and parts for N Rumsey’s steamboat. Area included rolling mills, a grist mill, cooperage, woolen mill, R D nail factories, and stove works. Industries declined due to fire, flood, disease--and war.

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IK 3 Botelers Hydraulic Lime Cement Mill: Mill manufactured cement for canal; burned by

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Union in 1861, destroyed in 1889 flood. Riffles in river mark the old dam location.

TERRAPIN NECK 34 Miller’s Sawmill: Site of a wharf and warehouse. Canal supplied water to the mill until ANTIETAM 4

65 the Civil War. NATIONAL O

R CEMETARY O GE BRID RD 5 Packhorse Ford: The only good river crossing for many miles. Settlers moving south B E S SID from Pennsylvania in the 1720s followed an old Indian and packhorse trail from York, N RN O U Pa., into Virginia. “Stonewall” Jackson crossed here enroute from Herpares Ferry to B O BURNSIDE B Sharpsburg. Army of northern Virginia crossed after withdrawal from Antietam.

D BRIDGE R 6 M 6 Sharpsburg: The oldest town in Washington County, laid out in 1763 and names after HORSESHOE ONDE LL

Maryland Governor Sharpe. Town includes grocery stores and snack bars. BEND

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R KILLIANSBURG D LI CAVE 4 M Knotts EK Isla ILN NAL TOWP nd CA AT IO H WADES OH R C & H KE D ESAPEA LANDING S 3

H PO E TO P M H L A E A R C R N R D A E I C V SHEPHERDSTOWN V R I E D R R The oldest inhabited community of West Virginia, WEST MOUNTAIN founded by Thomas Shepherd in 1734. The town was LOCK 5 isolated from development for many years, and its main VIRGINIA street looks for the most part, as it did in 1840. Fort C Shepherd, a stockade used druing the French and Indian A M War after Braddock’s defeat, was located on the site of TO Shepherd College. A 40-foot diameter mill wheel is O featured at Shepherd’s Mill, now a private home; other P buildings include the Old Market House (1800) in the D center of town; and dozens of federal-style brick restored A

homes. Near the Potomac is the James Rumsey R Monument, a granite column dedicated to the pioneer of G A steam navigation. Rumsey also designed the Patowmack N Canal locks at Great Falls. Blackford’s Ferry ran across R D the river here, replacing Packhorse Ford as a 1 Shepherdstown downstream crossing. A covered bridge here was burned 9 by Confederates in 1861; later its replacement was destroyed in a flood. Across the river in Maryland, the Ferry Hill Plantation occupies a commanding position on DARGAN 45 a hill overlooking the Potomac. First built in 1813, it is BEND restored and owned by the National Park Service.