C H H N U A R G C E H 1 Iron Ore: Deposits supplied the Antietam Furnace before the C&O Canal was built. R E S Y T O Antietam Village: Once a thriving industrial area; only three lime kiln chimneys are left. 2 W MARYLAND First iron furnace began in 1765, producing arms for the Revolution, and parts for N Rumsey’s steamboat. Area included rolling mills, a grist mill, cooperage, woolen mill, R D nail factories, and stove works. Industries declined due to fire, flood, disease--and war. D R P IK 3 Botelers Hydraulic Lime Cement Mill: Mill manufactured cement for canal; burned by E Union in 1861, destroyed in 1889 flood. Riffles in river mark the old dam location. TERRAPIN NECK 34 Miller’s Sawmill: Site of a wharf and warehouse. Canal supplied water to the mill until ANTIETAM 4 65 NATIONAL the Civil War. O R CEMETARY GE O RID RD B 5 Packhorse Ford: The only good river crossing for many miles. Settlers moving south B E S SID from Pennsylvania in the 1720s followed an old Indian and packhorse trail from York, N RN O U Pa., into Virginia. “Stonewall” Jackson crossed here enroute from Herpares Ferry to B O BURNSIDE B Sharpsburg. Army of northern Virginia crossed after withdrawal from Antietam. D BRIDGE R 6 M 6 Sharpsburg: The oldest town in Washington County, laid out in 1763 and names after HORSESHOE ONDELL Maryland Governor Sharpe. Town includes grocery stores and snack bars. BEND D R SNAVELY’S D R FORD 0 .5 1 G H A L IN A n L D R t E N D P ie W A R E t L R a O S m P L miles L F C I E r M R . R S R W E Y D A Y N S S SNYDERS LANDING S R R D H E L A L R I P M E R S ANTIETAM 34 F CREEK E R R D Y R 2 R KILLIANSBURG D L IM CAVE 4 Knott EK s Is ILN L TOW land ANA PA C TH WADES HIO O R C & H KE D ESAPEA LANDING S 3 H PO E TO P M H L A E A R C R N R D A E I C V SHEPHERDSTOWN V R I E D R R WEST The oldest inhabited community of West Virginia, MOUNTAIN founded by Thomas Shepherd in 1734. The town was LOCK 5 isolated from development for many years, and its main VIRGINIA street looks for the most part, as it did in 1840. Fort C Shepherd, a stockade used druing the French and Indian A M War after Braddock’s defeat, was located on the site of TO Shepherd College. A 40-foot diameter mill wheel is PO featured at Shepherd’s Mill, now a private home; other buildings include the Old Market House (1800) in the D center of town; and dozens of federal-style brick restored A homes. Near the Potomac is the James Rumsey R Monument, a granite column dedicated to the pioneer of G A steam navigation. Rumsey also designed the Patowmack N Canal locks at Great Falls. Blackford’s Ferry ran across R D the river here, replacing Packhorse Ford as a 1 Shepherdstown downstream crossing. A covered bridge here was burned 9 by Confederates in 1861; later its replacement was destroyed in a flood. Across the river in Maryland, the Ferry Hill Plantation occupies a commanding position on DARGAN 45 a hill overlooking the Potomac. First built in 1813, it is BEND restored and owned by the National Park Service..