Chapter 14 Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy Through Infancy

Nutrition & You, 4e (Blake) Chapter 14 Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy through Infancy

1) Which of the following nutrients does not need to be added to an infant's diet? A) vitamin C B) vitamin B12 C) vitamin D D) iron Answer: A Page Ref: 552-553 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.9 Section: 14.9

2) Gestational diabetes increases the risk of the baby developing which of the following conditions? A) jaundice B) breathing problems C) birth defects D) All of the answers are correct. Answer: D Page Ref: 540 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

3) Adequate intake of which of the following nutrients has been shown to reduce the risk of neural tube defects? A) folic acid B) mercury C) vitamin D D) vitamin C Answer: A Page Ref: 529 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

1 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 4) Which of the following types of fish should not be eaten by a pregnant or nursing woman? A) salmon B) swordfish C) shrimp D) catfish Answer: B Page Ref: 530 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

5) A cup (8 ounces) of which of the following beverages has the highest caffeine content? A) chocolate milk B) brewed tea C) drip-brewed coffee D) a soft drink Answer: C Page Ref: 530 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

7) Which of the following statements about folic acid is TRUE [Matk all that apply] A) Folic acid can prevent neural tube defects. B) Women who wish to conceive should consume 400 micrograms of folic acid from dietary supplements, fortified foods, or both. C) Folic acid helps prevent morning sickness. D) Folic acid plays a role in producing new cells. Answer: C Page Ref: 529 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

2 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 8) How much alcohol is considered safe for a pregnant woman to consume per day? A) none B) 4 oz C) 6 oz D) 8 oz Answer: A Page Ref: 530 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

9) An organ of common tissue between a mother and a growing embryo is called the A) umbilical cord. B) amniotic sac. C) uterus. D) placenta. Answer: D Page Ref: 532 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

11) The recommended weight gain during pregnancy for a woman with a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is A) 28 to 40 pounds. B) 25 to 35 pounds. C) 15 to 25 pounds. D) at least 15 pounds. Answer: B Page Ref: 534 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

3 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 12) Pregnant women who are vegans are at risk for a deficiency of which of the following nutrients? A) zinc B) iron C) vitamin B12 D) All of the answers are correct. Answer: D Page Ref: 535 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

13) Pregnant women should avoid all of the following foods except A) high-fiber foods. B) unpasteurized soft cheeses. C) raw sprouts. D) sushi and sashimi. Answer: A Page Ref: 537 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

14) Which of the following activities is not safe for a pregnant woman? A) gymnastics B) walking C) swimming D) low-impact aerobics Answer: A Page Ref: 539-540 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

4 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 17) Which of the following conditions is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes? A) being over 25 years of age B) being underweight C) being Hispanic or African American D) having a history of higher-than-normal blood glucose levels Answer: B Page Ref: 541 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

18) Eclampsia in a pregnant woman can A) indicate that morning sickness is over. B) be a result of drinking alcohol during pregnancy. C) lead to the death of the woman. D) be easily treated with vitamin supplements. Answer: C Page Ref: 541 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

20) Which of the following characteristics is / are signs that an infant is ready to eat solid foods?]Mark all that apply] A) demonstrates sufficient skill in swallowing B) can sit with support C) can turn his/her head to indicate fullness D) has retained the tongue-thrust reflex Answer: D Page Ref: 554-555 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10

22) Which of the following foods should not be given to infants because of the possibility of botulism? A) skim milk B) strawberries C) honey D) tuna Answer: C Page Ref: 558 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

5 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 23) Reactions to a food allergy can include A) vomiting. B) diarrhea. C) hives. D) All of the answers are correct. Answer: D Page Ref: 556 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

6 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 24) Which of the following foods is not one of the most common sources of food allergens for adults? A) bananas B) shellfish C) tree nuts D) wheat Answer: A Page Ref: 556 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

26) The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that most women breast-feed exclusively for the first ______of infancy. A) 6 weeks B) 3 months C) 6 months D) 1 year Answer: C Page Ref: 543 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

27) Which of the following statements about morning sickness is/are correct? [Mark all that apply] A) The nausea experienced during it almost always subsides by the afternoon. B) About 80 percent of women experience it. C) Certain behaviors might help alleviate its effects. D) It may be due to fluctuating hormone levels. Answer: A Page Ref: 533 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

7 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 29) Which of the following vitamins can be toxic when taken in excess and can increase the risk of birth defects during the first trimester? A) vitamin C B) vitamin B6 C) vitamin D D) vitamin A Answer: D Page Ref: 535 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

30) Which of the following statements describes a benefit of daily exercise during pregnancy? A) It lessens minor aches and pains. B) It helps relieve constipation. C) It improves the quality of sleep. D) All of the answers are correct. Answer: D Page Ref: 539 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

31) During the first two weeks following conception, a fertilized egg is called A) a zygote. B) the placenta. C) an embryo. D) a fetus. Answer: A Page Ref: 532 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

8 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 32) The structure at which nutrients, oxygen, and waste products are exchanged between the mother and developing fetus is the A) umbilical cord. B) fetal membrane. C) placenta. D) amniotic sac. Answer: C Page Ref: 532 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

33) During the third through eighth weeks after conception a developing baby is called a(n) A) blastocyst. B) preembryo. C) fetus. D) embryo. Answer: D Page Ref: 532 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

34) A developing baby that is older than 8 weeks post-conception is called a A) zygote. B) preembryo. C) fetus. D) blastocyst. Answer: C Page Ref: 532 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

35) Fertilization occurs in which of the following structures? A) ovary B) fallopian tube C) uterus D) vagina Answer: B Page Ref: 532 Skill: Comprehension Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

9 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 37) Which of the following substances causes milk to be released from the breast? A) oxytocin B) lactoferrin C) colostrum D) prolactin Answer: A Page Ref: 543 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

39) Which of the following substances protects infants against infection by a variety of bacteria and viruses? A) prolactin B) oxytocin C) DHA D) lactoferrin Answer: D Page Ref: 546 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

42) A healthy lifestyle of parents-to-be before conception is essential to the health of the fetus. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 528 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

45) During pregnancy, a woman's immune system is weakened. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 537 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.2 Section: 14.2

10 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 47) Each week healthy pregnant women should get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, ideally spread over that seven-day period. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 540 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

48) A pregnant woman's protein needs increase by about 35 percent during the second and third trimesters. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 539 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.3 Section: 14.3

57) Breast-feeding may reduce a woman's risk of hip fractures later in life. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 544 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

12 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 58) Colostrum helps protect infants from infections because it is rich in antibodies. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 545 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

60) The composition of breast milk constantly changes to suit the infant's needs. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 545 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

62) Two micronutrients that are associated with the production of healthy sperm are folate and zinc. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 528 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1

13 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 67) Breast milk must be consumed directly from the mother's breast because otherwise it degrades too quickly. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 546 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.6 Section: 14.6

74) A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction is called an anaphylactic reaction. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 557 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

75) Food allergy and food intolerance are two terms for the same condition. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 556-557 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

14 Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc. 76) Proteins that are incompletely broken-down by cooking or digestion and cause an adverse response by the immune system are called food allergens. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 556 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

77) Cells that release histamine and other chemicals during allergic reactions are white blood cells that specialize as mast cells. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 556 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

78) Individuals with allergies should often carry a syringe injector of epinephrine to be self- administered when severe allergic reactions occur. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 556 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.10 Section: 14.10

79) Certain types of fish contain methylmercury and should not be included in the diets of pregnant women. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 530 Skill: Knowledge Learning Outcome: 14.1 Section: 14.1