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CURRICULUM VITAE

AKIRA KAJI Professor of Microbiology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Business Address: Department of Microbiology University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine 3610 Hamilton Walk Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076 215-898-8828, Cell, 215-370-9799

Education:

1953 B.S. University of Tokyo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1958 Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University, McCollum Pratt Institute (Dr. W. D. McElroy)

Positions:

1958-59 Research Fellow, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md. (Dr. S.W. Kuffler) 1959 Guest Investigator at the Rockefeller Institute, New York (Dr. F. Lipmann) 1959-62 Research Associate, Department of Microbiology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr. S. P. Colowick) 1962-63 Visiting Scientist, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Dr. G. D.Novelli) 1963-64 Associate, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1964-67 Assistant Professor, as above 1967-72 Associate Professor, as above 1972-73 Professor of Hygienic Chemistry, the University of Tokyo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1972-Present Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1972-73 John Simon Guggenheim Scholar at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories, London (Dr. R. Dulbecco's lab), and the University of Tokyo, Japan 1985 Fogarty International Senior Fellow, Visiting Professor, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Honors and Special Training:

1 1952 Recipient of the Special Fellowship from the Japanese Government 1954 Fulbright-Smith-Mundt exchange student. Enrolled as a Fulbright Student in Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 1956 Recipient of Dazian Predoctoral Fellowship 1957 Recipient of Japan Society Fellowship 1959 Guest Investigator of the Rockefeller for Medical Research, New York (under Dr. Fritz Lipmann) Feb. 18 to Mar. 18 1961 Attended "General Microbiology Course" by Dr. Van Niel at Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, California 1959-62 Helen Hay Whitney Foundation Fellowship, Vanderbilt University 1964-69 Helen Hay Whitney Investigator, University of Pennsylvania 1972 Recipient of John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship 1985 Recipient of U.S. Government Fogarty International Senior Fellowship 1987-91 Member of Board of Scientific Councilors for National Institute of Health

Editorial Board:

1972-73 Editor, Journal of Biochemistry, Japan

Memberships:

Sigma Xi American Society for Microbiology American Society of Biological Chemists American Society of Chemistry American Society of Cell Biology

Immigration Status:

U.S. Citizen

Teaching Experience:

1963-pres Participate in Medical Microbiology & Cell Biology teaching in the Medical School 1964-82 In charge of Molecular Genetics course in the Biology Department (539) 1968-85 Taught Graduate courses in the Microbiology Graduate Group (513 A&B) (Course leader) 1973-pres Conduct seminar course "Oncogenesis" (Course leader) 1974-80 Seminar Course "Control of Eucaryotic gene expression".

Administrative Experience:

2 1968 Director of the Interdepartmental course entitled "Biology and Biochemistry of Bacterial and Mammalian cells". This course involves more than 20 faculties from Departments of Anatomy, Microbiology, Veterinary School, Dental School, Wistar Institute and the Institute for Cancer Research. The director organizes and coordinates the faculty members so that the lectures will be coherent and organized. 1969-76 Chairman of Curriculum Committee for Microbiology Graduate Group. The committee serves as an advisory board to graduate students, decides requirements for Ph.D. degrees, and decides whether or not students are qualified. 1969-84 Member of Curriculum Committee, as above. 1970 Member of a promotion Committee for the promotion of Assistant Professor to Associate Professor. 1972-73 Chairman and Professor. Department of Biochemistry and Hygiene. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences. University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 1974 Member of promotion committee for the promotion of Associate Professor to Full-Professor. 1976 Member of the Genetics Graduate Group Student Advisory Committee. This committee is equivalent to the Curriculum Committee for the Microbiology Graduate Group as described above. 1980-84 Admission Committee Genetics Graduate Group. 1983-84 Steering Committee for Molecular Biology Graduate Group. 1982-84 Executive Committee of Microbiology Graduate Group.

Research Experience:

Protein biosynthesis. Protein modification. Plasmids. Tumor Viruses. Differentiation and Oncogenesis. Molecular biology of oncogenes. Interferon. Recombinant DNA technology.

Publications

1. Kaji, A. and McElroy, W.D. Enzymic formation of choline sulfate. Biochem. Biophysics. Acta. 30:190, 1958.

2. Kaji, A. and McElroy, W.D. Mechanism of hydrogen sulfide formation from thiosulfate. J. Bacteriol. 77:630, 1959.

3 3. Kaji, A. and Gregory, J.D. Mechanism of sulfurylation of choline. J.Biol.Chem. 234; 3007, 1959.

4. Kaji, A., Trayser, K.A. and Colowick, S.P. Multiple forms of yeast hexokinase. Ann.N.Y. Acad.Sci. 94:798, 1961.

5. Kaji, A., Kaji, H. and Novelli, G.D. A soluble amino acid incorporation system. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 10:406, 1963.

6. Kaji, H., Novelli,G.D. and Kaji, A. A Soluble amino acid-incorporating system from rat liver. Biochem.Biophys.Acta.76:474,1963.

7. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Specific interaction of soluble RNA with polyribonucleic acid induced polysomes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 13:186, 1963.

8. Dudel, J., Gryder, R., Kaji, A., Kuffler, S.W. and Potter, D.D. Gamma-aminobutyric acid and other blocking compounds in crustacea. I. Central nervous system. J. Neurophysiol. 26:721, 1963.

9. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Specific interaction of s-RNA with polysomes: inhibition by LiCl. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 87:519, 1964.

10. Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Specific binding of sRNA with the template-ribosome complex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 52:1541, 1964.

11. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. and Novelli, G.D. Soluble amino acid-incorporating system. I. Preparation of the system and the nature of the reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 240:1185, 1965.

12. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. and Novelli, G.D. Soluble amino acid-incorporating system. II. Soluble nature of the system and the characterization of the radioactive product. J. Biol. Chem. 240:1192, 1965

13. Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Specific binding of sRNA to ribosomes: effect of streptomycin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 54:213, 1965.

14. Momose, K. and Kaji, A. Sedimentation studies of aminoacyl-sRNA synthetase and activation of aminoacyl-sRNA transfer factor. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 111:245, 1965.

15. Kaji, A. Partial proteolytic digestion of yeast hexokinase and its relation to multiple forms of the enzyme. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 112:54, 1965.

4 16. Suzuka, I., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Binding of specific sRNA to 30S subunits - comparison with the binding to 70S ribosomes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 21:187, 1965.

17. Kaji, A. and Colowick, S.P. Adenosine triphosphatase activity of yeast hexokinase and its relation to the mechanism of the hexokinase reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 240:4454, 1965.

18. Kaji, A., Kaji, H. and Suzuka, I. Binding of soluble RNA to ribosomes. (in Japanese) Seibutsu Butsuri 5:279, 1965.

19. Kaji, A. The reaction of yeast hexokinase with sulfhydryl reagents. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 122:43, 1966.

20. Kaji, H., Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. Binding of specific sRNA to ribosomes: binding of sRNA to the template 30S subunits-template complex. J. Biol. Chem. 241:1251,1966.

21. Suzuka, I., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Binding of specific sRNA to 30S ribosomal subunits Effect of 50S ribosomal subunits. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 55:1483, 1966.

22. Kaji, H., Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. Binding of specific sRNA to template ribosome complex: effect of proteolytic enzymes. J. Mol. Biol. 18:219, 1966.

23. Momose, K. and Kaji, A. Soluble amino acid incorporating-system. III. Further studies on the product and its relation to the ribosomal system for incorporation. J. Biol. Chem. 241:3294, 1966.

24. Nakada, D. and Kaji, A. Function and properties of the "native" 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 57:128, 1967.

25. Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Inability of sRNA derived from peptidyl sRNA to accept amino acids. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 26:95, 1967.

26. Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Specific binding of sRNA to ribosomes during polypeptide synthesis and the nature of peptidyl sRNA. J. Mol. Biol. 25:407, 1967.

27. Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. On the nature of two ribosomal sites for specific sRNA binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 58:1971, 1967.

28. Suzuka,. I and Kaji, A. Studies on diphenylalanine synthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 149:540, 1967.

29. Kaji, A. and Nakada, D. On the functional activity of conventionally prepared chloramphenicol particles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 145:508, 1967.

5 30. Takeda, Y., Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. Comparative studies on specific and nonspecific binding of transfer ribonucleic acid to ribosomes. J. Biol. Chem. 243:1075, 1968.

31. Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. Reversible effect of lithium chloride on ribosomes. J. Biol. Chem. 243:3136, 1968.

32. Kirtikar, D.M.W. and Kaji, A. Stimulation of phage ribonucleic acid-dependent incorporation of amino acids by 5 S ribonucleic acid. J. Biol. Chem. 243:5345, 1968.

33. Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Factor- and guanosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent release of deacylated transfer RNA from 70S ribosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 61:1399, 1968. 34. Kaji, A. Techniques for measuring specific sRNA binding to Escherichia coli ribosomes. Methods in Enzymology 12:692, 1968.

35. Kuriki, Y., Fukuma, I. and Kaji, A. The role of the adenosine terminus of transfer ribonucleic acid in the specific binding to ribosomes and their subunits. J. Biol. Chem. 244:1365, 1969.

36. Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. Evidence for one functional phenylalanyl-tRNA binding site on the 30S ribosomal subunit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 62:498, 1969.

37. Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. On the nature of tRNA isolated from polyphenylalanyl tRNA. Biochemistry 8: 029, 1969.

38. Igarashi, K., Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. Comparative studies on the mechanism of action of lincomycin, streptomycin and erythromycin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 37:499, 1969.

39. Kaji, A., Igarashi, K., Kuriki, Y. and Ishitsuka, H. Interaction of tRNA with ribosomes - binding and release of tRNA. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia Quant. Biol. 34:167, 1969.

40. Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. Release of tRNA from ribosomes by a factor other than G factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 66:168-173, 1970.

41. Ishitsuka, H., Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Release of transfer RNA from ribosomes - a G factor and guanosine triphosphate-dependent reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 245:3346-3351, 1970.

42. Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. Relationship between sites 1,2 and acceptor, donor sites for the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to ribosomes. Euro. J. Biochem. 14:41-46, 1970.

43. Igarashi, K., Ishitsuka, H., Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Use of antibiotics in studies of

6 protein synthesis. Progress in Antimicrobial and Anticancer Chemotherapy, Vol. II. University of Tokyo Press, pp.445-451, 1970.

44. Hirashima, A. and Kaji, A. Factor dependent breakdown of polysomes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 41:877-883, 1970.

45. Kaji, A. Something I recall. (Historical hind thoughts of Biochemistry, in Japanese). Biotech Vol. I, No. I, p.78, 1970.

46. Igarashi, K., Tanaka, S. and Kaji, A. On the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site of the 30-S ribosomal subunit and its relation to the chain initiation site of the ribosome. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 228:728-731, 1971.

47. Kaji, A., Igarashi, K., Kuriki, Y. and Ishitsuka, H. Mode of action of antibiotics on various steps of protein synthesis. Proceedings of 1st International Symposium on Cell Biology and Cytopharmacology, Venice, pp.99-111, 1971.

48. Ranu, R.S. and Kaji, A. Effect of sulfhydryl reagents on the ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 107:53-60, 1971.

49. DiJoseph, C.G., Pon, C., Rapaport, N.D. and Kaji, A. The effect of monovalent cations on the sedimentation behavior or Escherichia coli ribosomes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 240:407-419, 1971.

50. Gualerzi, C., Pon, C. and Kaji, A. Initiation factor dependent release of aminoacyl- tRNA from complexes of 30S ribosomal subunits, synthetic polynucleotide and aminoacyl tRNA. Biochim. Biophys. Res. Communs. 45:1312-1319, 1971.

51. Cocito, C. and Kaji, A. Virginiamycin M-A: specific inhibitor of the acceptor site of ribosomes. Biochimie 53:763-770, 1971.

52. Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. Release of ribosome bound transfer RNA by enzymatic digestion of messenger RNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 262:75-87, 1972.

53. Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. Prevention of ribosomal donor site from occupation by aminoacyl tRNA during polypeptide synthesis. FEBS Letters 20:218-220, 1972.

54. Tanaka, S. and Kaji, A. Does translocase (G-factor) require the presence of unesterified tRNA on the donor site for its action? - The effect of fusidic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 46:136-142, 1972.

55. Hirashima, A. and Kaji, A. Factor-dependent release of ribosomes from messenger RNA. Requirement for two heat-stable factors. J. Mol. Biol. 65:43-58, 1972.

7 56. Hirashima, A. and Kaji, A. Purification and properties of ribosome-releasing factor. Biochemistry 11:4037-4044, 1972.

57. Ranu, R. S. and Kaji, A. Evidence for specific inhibition of translocation of aminoacyl-transfer RNA by the pretreatment of ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis with p- chloromercuribenzoate. J. Bacteriol. 112:188-194, 1972.

58. Tanaka, S., Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. Studies on the action of Tetracycline and Puromycin. J. Biol. Chem. 247:45-50, 1972.

59. Fukuma, I. and Kaji, A. Effect of Bacteriophage Ghost Infection on Protein Synthesis in Escherichia coli. J. Virology 10:713-720, 1972.

60. Kaji, A. Bipolymer synthesis with emphasis on protein biosynthesis. (in Japanese) Seitai to Energii 3:286, 1972.

61. Kaji, A., Otaka, T. and Kaji, H. Mechanism of protein synthesis and use of inhibitors in the study of protein synthesis. (in Japanese) Prog. Molec. Biol. 55:73, 1972.

62. DiJoseph, C.G., Bayer, M.E. and Kaji, A. Host cell growth in the presence of the thermosensitive drug resistance factor, Rts1. J. Bacteriol. 115:399-410, 1973.

63. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Evidence that fusidic acid inhibits the binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the donor as well as the acceptor site of the ribosomes. Eur J. Biochem. 38:46-53, 1973.

64. Hirashima, A. and Kaji, A. Role of EF-G and a protein factor on the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA. J. Biol. Chem. 248:7580-7587, 1973.

65. Kaji, A. Mechanism of protein synthesis and use of inhibitors in the study of protein synthesis. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology 3:85-157, 1973.

66. Kaji, A. On the mechanism of translocation. Kagaku (Science, in Japanese) 43:550- 555, 1973.

67. Tanaka, S., Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Further studies on the mechanism of erythromycin action. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 331:128-140, 1973.

68. DiJoseph, C.G. and Kaji, A. The thermosensitive lesion in the replication of the drug resistance factor, Rts 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 71:2515-2519, 1974.

69. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Inhibitory effect of EF-G and GMPPCP on peptidyl transferase. FEBS Letters 44:324-329, 1974.

8 70. DiJoseph, C.G. and Kaji, A. Molecular nature of the deoxyribonucleic acid of a thermosensitive R factor, Rts1. J. Bact. 120:1364-1369, 1974.

71. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Micrococcin: Acceptor-site-specific inhibitor of protein synthesis. Eur. J. Biochem. 50:101-106, 1974.

72. Yamamoto, T., Yokota, T. and Kaji, A. The role of cyclic AMP in the thermosensitive lesion of the formation of closed covalent circular Rts1 DNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 62:546-552, 1975.

73. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Release of (oligo) peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes by erythromycin A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 72:2649-2652, 1975.

74. Ogawa, K. and Kaji, A. Ribosome run through of the termination codon in the absence of the ribosome releasing factor. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 402:288-296, 1975.

75. Takeishi, K. and Kaji, A. Presence of active polyribosomes in bacterial cells infected with T4 bacteriophage ghosts. J. Virol. 16:62-69, 1975.

76. Holtzer, H., Biehl, J., Yeoh, G., Meganathan, R. and Kaji, A. Effect of oncogenic virus on muscle differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 72:4051-4055, 1975.

77. DiJoseph, C.G. and Kaji, A. Change in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli carrying the thermosensitive drug resistance factor, Rts1, at the nonpermissive temperature. Antimicrob. and Chemoth. 8:504-509, 1975.

78. Ko, T.S. and Kaji, A. Effect of Ricin on biosynthesis of myeloma protein (IgA) and general cellular proteins in MOPC-315 cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 414:155-160, 1975.

79. Ogawa, K. and Kaji, A. Requirement for ribosome-releasing factor for the release of ribosomes at the termination codon. Eur. J. Biochem. 58:411-419, 1975.

80. Kaji, A., Kaji, H. and Otaka, T. "Inhibitors of Protein Biosynthesis". In Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (G.D. Fasman, ed). pp.555-625, 1975.

81. Kaji, A. Recollection: In commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Japanese Biochemical Society. Biochemistry (in Japanese) 47:995, 1975.

82. Kaji, A., Kaji, H. and Otaka, T. Preparation of in vitro system for protein biosynthesis. (in Japanese) In Protein Biosynthesis vol. 1, pp. 1-23. Edited by K. Imahori, Y. Kaziro, and S. Nishimura. Tokyo Kagaku Dojiin Press, 1975.

83. Kaji, A., Otaka, T. and Kaji, H. Methods of analysis of the product formed in vitro

9 protein synthesis system. (in Japanese) In Protein Biosynthesis vol. 1, pp. 23-37. Edited by K. Imahori, Y. Kaziro, and S. Nishimura. Tokyo Kagaku Dojiin Press, 1975.

84. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Mode of action of Bottromycin A2. Release of aminoacyl or peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes. J. Biol. Chem. 251:2299, 1976.

85. Takeishi, K. and Kaji, A. Protein synthesis in bacteriophage ghost-infected cells. J. Virol. 18:103, 1976.

86. Okayama, M., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M., Chi, J., Roth, S. and Kaji, A. Transformation of chicken chondrocytes by Rous sarcoma virus. Cancer Res. 37:712- 717, 1977.

87. Roth, S., Delotto, R. and Kaji, A. Changes in leucine aminotransferase isozymes by viral transformation and its correlation with the isozyme changes occuring during differentiation. Cancer Res. 37:1147-1153, 1977.

88. Muto, M., Yoshimura, M., Okayama, M. and Kaji, A. Cellular transformation and differentiation. Effect of Rous sarcoma virus transformation on sulfated proteoglycan synthesis by chicken chondrocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 74:4173-4177, 1977.

89. Yamamoto, T. and Kaji, A. Replication of thermosensitive Rts 1 plasmid DNA at the nonpermissive temperature. J. Bacteriol. 132:90-99, 1977.

90. Kaji, A., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M., Chi, J.S., Roth, S.L., Delotto, R. and Okayama, M. Differentiation and cancerization - an in vitro experiment using a temperature sensitive Rous sarcoma virus mutant. (in Japanese) Cancer and Chemotherapy 4:35, 1977.

91. Toole, B.P., Okayama, M., Orkin, R.W., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M. and Kaji, A. Developmental roles of hyaluronate and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. In Cell and Tissue Interactions, ed. by J. Lash and M. Burger, Raven Press, New York, 1977.

92. Yamamoto, T., Yokota, T. and Kaji, A. Requirement of cyclic adenosine 3',5'- monophosphate for the thermosensitive effects of Rts 1 in a cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate-less mutant of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 132:80-89, 1977.

93. Arbogast, B.W., Yoshimura, M., Kefalides, N.A., Holtzer, H. and Kaji, A. Failure of cultured chick embryo fibroblasts to incorporate collagen into their extracellular matrix when transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. J. Biol. Chem. 252:8863, 1977.

94. Kaji, A., Otaka, T. and Kaji, H. Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis. Handbook of Biochem. and Mol. Biology. CRC Press, 555-625, 1977.

10 95. Muto, M., Yoshimura, M., Okayama, M. and Kaji, A. Cellular transformation and differentiation. Effect of Rous sarcoma virus transformation on sulfated proteoglycan synthesis by chicken chondrocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 74:4173, 1977.

96. Yamamoto, T., Bricker, J., Ishaq, M., Arkin, S. and Kaji, A. Rtsl: A unique thermosensitive drug resistance factor that replicates in an unusual manner at the nonpermissive temperature. Microbiol., p.115, 1978.

97. Kobayashi, N. and Kaji, A. Induction of DNA synthesis in terminally differentiated myotubes by the activation of the src gene of Rous sarcoma virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75:5501-5505, 1978.

98. Sabran, J.L., Hsu, T.W., Yeater, C., Kaji, A., Mason, W.S. and Taylor, J.M. Analysis of integrated avian RNA tumor virus DNA in transformed chicken, duck, and quail fibroblasts. J Virol. 29:170-178, 1979.

99. Mason, W.S., Hsu, T.W., Yeater, C., Sabran, J.L., Mark, G.E., Kaji, A. and Taylor, J.M. Avian sarcoma virus transformed quail clones defective in the production of focus forming virus. J. Virol. 30:132, 1979.

100. Kaji, A. and Ryoji, M. Mechanism of action of antibacterial agents - tetracycline. Antibiotics V-1:304-328, 1979.

101. Roth, S.L. and Kaji, A. Change of isozyme pattern during activation of a transforming gene product. Its relation to other biochemical markers of cellular transformation and differentiation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 583:241, 1979.

102. Taylor, J.M., Mason, W.S., Hsu, T.W., Sabran, J.L., Yeater, C., Mark G.E., Kaji, A., Guntaka, R.V. and Lai, M.M.C. Avian RNA tumor virus before and after integration into the host genome. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quant. Biol. XLIII, p. 865, 1979.

103. Ishaq, M. and Kaji, A. Mechanism of T4 phage restriction by plasmid Rtsl: Cleavage of T4-phage DNA by Rtsl-specific enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 255:4040-4047, 1980.

104. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Aggregation properties of chondrocytes infected with a temperature-sensitive mutant of Rous sarcoma virus. J. Cell Science 43:407, 1980.

105. Kobayashi, N. and Kaji, A. Phosphoprotein associated with activation of the src gene product in myogenic cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs. 93:278, 1980.

106. Raghavan, N., Ishaq, M. and Kaji, A. Bacteriophage T4-related macromolecular synthesis under restriction of the plasmid Rtsl. J. Virol. 35:551, 1980.

11 107. Tanaka, A., Parker, C. and Kaji, A. Stimulation of growth rate of chondrocytes by Rous sarcoma virus is not coordinated with other expressions of the src gene phenotype. J. Virol. 35:531, 1980.

108. Kobayashi, N., Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. In vitro phosphorylation of the 36K protein in extract from Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 256:3053-3058, 1981.

109. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Mode of action of Bottromycin A2: Effect on peptide bond formation. FEBS Letters 123:173, 1981.

110. Ryoji, M., Karpen, J.W. and Kaji, A. Further characterization of ribosome releasing factor and evidence that it prevents ribosomes from reading through a termination codon. J. Biol. Chem. 256:5798, 1981.

111. Yamamoto, T., Finver, S., Yokota, T., Bricker, J. and Kaji, A. The region controlling the thermosensitive effect of plasmid Rtsl on host growth is separate from the Rts1 replication region. J. Bact. 146:85, 1981.

112. Yoshimura, M., Iwasaki, Y. and Kaji, A. In vitro differentiation of chicken embryo skin cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. J. Cell Phys. 109:373, 1981.

113. Yoshimura, M., Jimenez, S.A. and Kaji, A. Effects of viral transformation on synthesis and secretion of collagen and fibronectin-like molecules by embryonic chick chondrocytes in culture. J. Biol. Chem. 256:9111, 1981.

114. Ryoji, M., Berland, R. and Kaji, A. Reinitiation of translation from the triplet next to the amber termination codon in the absence of ribosome-releasing factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 78:5973, 1981.

115. Yamamoto, T., Yokota, T. and Kaji, A. Molecular organization of heat-labile enterotoxin genes originating in Escherichia coli of human origin and construction of heat labile toxoid-producing strains. J. Bact. 148:983-987, 1981.

116. Kaji, A. Transformation of differentiated cells by Rous sarcoma virus. Science of Living Matter 32:361, 1981.

117. Kaji, A. Transformation of differentiated cells by Rous sarcoma virus. (in Japanese) Seitai No Kagaku 32:360, 1981.

118. Kaji, A., Yamamoto, T. and Schwartz, L. M. Bacterial Plasmids (Section 8 of Advanced Cell Biology). 1981.

119. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Inhibitory action of erythromycin on protein biosynthesis by

12 isolated polyribosomes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 214:846-849, 1982.

120. Ryoji, M. and Kaji, A. High sensitivity amino acid sequence determination of radioactive proteins made in vivo or in vitro. Anal. Biochem. 122:322, 1982.

121. Yamamoto, T., Tamura, T., Ryoji, M., Kaji, A., Yokota, T. and Takano, T. Sequence analysis of the heat-labile enterotoxin subunit B gene originating in human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J. Bact. 152:506, 1982.

122. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Transformation-defective Rous sarcoma virus mutants with altered p19 of the gag gene and their inhibitory effect on host cell growth. J. Virol. 46:974-984, 1983.

123. Yoshimura, M., Lash, J.W., Vasan, N. and Kaji, A. Inhibition of precartiligenous chick somites by oncogenic virus. Dev. Biol. 97:70-80, 1983.

124. Ryoji, M., Hsia, K. and Kaji, A. Read-through Translation. Trends in Biochem. Sci. 8:88-90, 1983.

125. Amini, S. and Kaji, A. Association of pp36, a phosphorylated form of the presumed target protein for the src protein of Rous sarcoma virus, with the membrane of chicken cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80:960-964, 1983.

126. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Mode of action of bottromycin A2: Effect of bottromycin A2 on polysomes. FEBS Letters. 153:53-59, 1983.

127. Yamamoto, T., Nakazawa, T., Miyata, T. Kaji, A. and Yokota, T. Evolution and structure of two ADP-robosylation enterotoxins, Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin and cholera toxin. FEBS Letters. 169:241-246, 1984.

128. Okawa, N., Yoshimoto, H. and Kaji, A. Identification of an Rts1 DNA fragment conferring temperature-dependent instability to vector plasmids. Plasmid 13:88-98, 1985.

129. Ryoji, M., Yamane, T., Gordon, M. and Kaji, A. Two modes of amber codon read- through in vitro. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 238:636-641, 1985.

130. Kaji, A., Tanaka, A., Hsia., K., Sabran, J., Furuse, T., Iwasaki, Y. and Park, H. Infection of terminally differentiated myotubes with Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV). Japan Sci. Soc. Press, Tokyo, pp.427-436, 1985.

131. Okawa, N., Suyama, Y. and Kaji, A. Reduced cleavage by sodium hydroxide of methyladenine in DNA sequencing. Nucleic Acids Research 13:7639-7645, 1985.

13 132. Okawa, N., Tanaka, M., Finver, S. and Kaji, A. Identification of the Rts 1 DNA fragment responsible for temperature sensitive growth of host cells harboring a drug resistance factor Rts 1. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 142(3):1084-1088, 1987.

133. Tanaka, M., Okawa, N., Mori, K., Suyama, Y. and Kaji, A. Nucleotide sequence of an Rts 1 fragment causing temperature-dependent instability. J. Bacteriol. 170:1175- 1182, 1988.

134. Kaji, A. A book review on Microbial products II. The American Scientist 76: 194, 1988.

135. Kaji, A., Okawa, N., Tanaka, M., Mori, K. and Finver, S. Rts 1: A multi-phenotypic, unusual temperature sensitive drug resistance factor. The Roots of Modern Biochemistry, Kleinkauf, von Dohren, Jaenicke. Walter DeGruyter & Co., Berlin, New York, pp.397-406, 1988.

136. Ricker, R. and Kaji, A. Separation of formyl-methionyl transfer RNA, methionyl transfer RNA, and transfer RNAfmet using mixed-mode high-performance liquid chromatography n C6-modified amino-propylsilyl-hypersil. Analytical Biochemistry 175:327-333, 1988.

137. Ichikawa, S., Ryoji, M., Siegfried, Z. and Kaji, A. Localization of the ribosome- releasing factor gene in the Escherischia Coli chromosome. J. Bacteriol. 171:3689- 3695, 1989.

138. Ichikawa, S. and Kaji, A. Molecular cloning and expression of ribosome releasing factor. J. Biol. Chem. 264:20054-20059, 1989.

139. Fujihara, M., Milligan, J.R. and Kaji, A. Effect of 2',5'-Oligoadenylate on herpes simplex virus-infected cells and preventive action of 2',5'-Oligoadenylate on the lethal effect of HSV-2. J. Interferon Research 9:691-707, 1989.

140. Higuchi, H., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Enzymic synthesis of oligonucleotides containing methylphosphonate internucleotide linkages. Biochem. 29:8747-8753, 1990.

141. Yonemitsu, H., Shimomura, K., Satake, M., Mochida, S., Tanaka, M., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Lobeline production by hairy root culture of Lebelia inflata L. Plant Cell Reports 9:307-310, 1990.

142. Mochida, S., Tsuchiya, H., Mori, K. and Kaji,A. Three short fragments of RTS1 DNA are responsible for the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype (Tsg) of host bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 173:2600-2607, 1991.

14 143. Ito, R., Matsumoto, H., Uchida, K., Kubo, T., Tsukii, Y., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Novel muteins of human tumor necrosis factor alpha. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1096:245-252, 1991.

144. Higuchi, H., Mori, K., Kato, A., Ohkuma, T., Endo, T., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Antiretroviral activities of anthraquinones and their inhibitory effects on reverse transcriptase. Antiviral Res., 15:205-216, 1991.

145. Shimizu, I. and Kaji, A. Identification of the promoter region of the ribosome relasing factor cistron (frr). J. Bacteriol. 173:5181-5187, 1991

146. Furusho, H., Ogata, T., Kato, A., Sato, Y., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Synthesis and antiherpetic activities of several acyclic analogues of guanosine. Nucleosides and Nucleotides 10:739- 753, 1991.

147. Ricker, R. and Kaji, A. Use of single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides in programming ribosomes for translation. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:6573-6578, 1991.

148. Yamamoto, T., Okawa, N., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Expression of chimeric ras protein with OmpF signal peptide in Escherchia coli: localization of OmpF fusion protein in the inner membrane. Applied Microbiol. Biotechnol. 35:615-621, 1991.

149. Fujihashi, T., Ogata,T., Ohkuma, T., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Synthesis and biological action of a new cyclic AMP analogue. Nucleosides and Nucleotides 11(2-4):295-310, 1992

150. Matsuyama, N., Okawa, N., Tsukii, Y., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding human tumor necrosis factor from B lymphoblastoid cell RPMI 1788. FEBS Letters 302:141-144, 1992.

151. Tanaka, A., Hara, H., Park, H.T., Wolfert, J., Fujihara, M., Izutani, R. and Kaji, A. Infection of terminally differentiated myotubes with Rous sarcoma virus: lack of DNA integration but presence of RSV mRNA. J.Gen.Virol. 73:1781-1790, 1992.

152. Hsia, K.J., Hara, H., Izutani, R., Park, H.T., Fujihara, M. and Kaji, A. Infection of terminally differentiated myotubes with Rous sarcoma virus: reduced synthesis of env and v-src proteins. J.Gen.Virol. 73:1791-1798, 1992.

153. Ricker, R.D. and Kaji, A. Studies on antisense inhibition of translation in vitro: anomalies and re-evaluation. FEBS Letters 309(3):363-370, 1992.

154. Moriyama, N., Kuzumaki, N., Hirano, H., Kurimoto, S., Ueki, T., Nagase, Y., Kaji, A., Okawa, N., Matsuyama, N., Tajima, A. and Aso, Y. Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Expression of RAS Oncogenes in Human Renal Cell Carcinomas.

15 Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 25(5):591-599, 1992.

155. Ogata, T., Higuchi, H., Mochida, S., Matsumoto, H., Kato, A., Endo, T., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor from Phyllanthus niruri. Aids Research and Human Retroviruses 8(11):1937-1944, 1992.

156. Morishige, H., Okuma, T. and Kaji, A. In vitro cytostatic effect of TNF (tumor necrosis factor) entrapped in immuno liposomes on cells normally insensitive to TNF. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 1151:59-68, 1993.

157. Okano, I., Yamamoto, T., Kimura, T., Mizuno, K., Nakamura, T. and Kaji, A. Cloning of CRP2, a novel member of the cysteine-rich protein family with two repeats of an unusual LIM/double zinc-finger motif. FEBS Letters 333:51-55, 1993.

158. Iizuka, A., Watanabe, T., Kubo, T., Yamamoto, M., Ogawa, K., Ohkuma, T. and Kaji, A. M13 Bacteriophage DNA inhibits duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) during acute infection. Hepatol. 19:1079-1087, 1994.

159. Janosi, L., Shimizu, I. and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling factor (ribosome releasing factor) is essential for bacterial growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA. 91:4249-4253, 1994.

160. Fujihashi, T., Sakata, T., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Short, terminally phosphorylated oligoriboguanylic acids effectively inhibit cytopathicity caused by human immunodeficiency virus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Communs., 203(2): 1244-1250, 1994.

161. Janosi, L., Yonemitsu, H., Hong, H. and Kaji, A. Molecular cloning and expression of a novel hydroxymethylcytosine-specific restriction enzyme (PvuRts1 I) modulated by glucosylation. J. Mol. Biol., 242: 45-61, 1994.

162. Mochida, S., Tsuchiya, H., Yonemitsu, H., Morishige, H. and Kaji, A. Three Short Fragments of Rts 1 DNA are responsible for the temperature-sensitive growth Phenotype (Tsg) of Host Bacteria. J. Bacteriol., 173:2600-2607, 1994.

163. Yonemitsu, H., Higuchi, H., Fujihashi, T. and Kaji, A. An unusual mutation of RepA protein which increases copy number of stringently controlled plasmid (Rts1 derivative) over hundred fold. Mol. Gen. Genetics, 246: 397-400, 1995.

164. Fujihashi, T., Sakata, T., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Antiviral action of oligodeoxyguanylic acids against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. AIDS Res. Human Retroviruses, 11: 461-471, 1995.

165. Fujihashi, T., Hara, H., Sakata, T., Mori, K., Higuchi, H., Tanaka, A., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activities of halogenated gomisin

16 J derivatives, new non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV type I reverse transcriptase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 39 , 2000-2007, 1995.

166. Park,H.T., Hara,H., Fujihara, M., Hsia,K.J., Tanaka, A., Furuse,T., Iwasaki,Y. and Kaji,A. Productin of defective virus by terminally differentiated myotubes infected with Rous sarcoma virus. Acta Virologica, 39:197-204, 1995.

167. Hara, H., Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Presence of a hyper-variable region within the hr2 domain of the host range determining sequences of the envelope protein gp85 (SU) of subgroup-A avian sarcoma-leukosis viruses. Virus Genes, 12 (1):, 37-46, 1996.

168. Mori, K., Kubo, T., Kibayashi, Y., Ohkuma, T. and Kaji, A. Anti-vaccinia virus effect of M13 bacteriophage DNA. Antiviral Res., 31: 79-86, 1996.

169. Sugimoto, K., Honda, S., Yamamoto, T., Ueki, T., Mondenumi, M., Kaji, A., Matsumoto, K. and Nakamura, T. Molecular cloning and characterization of a newly identified member of the cadherin family, PB-cadherin. J. Biol. Chem., 271 (19): 11548-11556, 1996.

170. Janosi, L., Hara, H., Zhang, S. and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling by ribosome recycling factor (RRF) -An important, but overlooked step of protein biosynthesis. Adv. Biophys. 32:121-201, 1996.

171. Janosi, L., Ricker, R., Kaji, A. Dual functions of ribosome recycling factor in protein biosynthesis: Disassembling the termination complex and preventing translational errors. Biochimie 78: 959-969, 1996.

172. Yonemitsu, H., Fujihashi, T., Higuchi, H., Hong, H., Morishige, H., Mochida, S. and Kaji, A. Instability of Rts 1 (Drug-Resistant Factor) Replicon: Stabilization by DNA Fragments Derived from Rts 1. Plasmid 36: 143-152, 1997.

173. Taniyama, M., Morita, T., Yamagishi, Y., Kato, A., Bando, C., Okawa,N. and Kaji, A. Human lymphotoxin mutein without hypotensive activity but with higher in vivo antitumor activity than lymphotoxin or tumor necrosis factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94: 3324-3329, 1997.

174. Hara, H., Park, H.T., Fujihara, M. and Kaji, A., Production of env-Deficient Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) Early after Infection. Folia Biologica 43: 63-70, 1997.

175. Zhang, S., Hara, H. and Kaji, A. Inhibition of HIV Type 1 RNA Dimerization by Antisense DNA Corresponding to the 17-Nucleotide Sequence Downstream from the Splice Donor Site of HIV Type 1 RNA. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13: 865-873, 1997.

176. Hara, H., Fujihashi, T., Sakata, T., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Tetrahydronaphthalene

17 Lignan Compounds as Potent Anti-HIV Type 1 Agents. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13: 695-705, 1997.

177. Hara H. and Kaji A. The U3 region of the long terminal repeat of a subgroup A transformation-defective rous sarcoma virus (tdPH2010) converts a noncytopathic virus to a cytopathic virus. Virus Genes. 15:171-80, 1997.

178. Hara, H., Tanabe, T. and Kaji, A. Molecular Basis of the Altered gag p19 Protein (MA) of the Transformation-Defective Mutant of Rous Sarcoma Virus, tdPH2010. Folia Biologica 43: 175-182, 1997.

179. Janosi, L., Mottagui-Tabar, S., Isaksson, L. A., Sekine, Y., Ohtsubo, E., Zhang, S., Goon, S., Nelken, S., Shuda, M. and Kaji, A. Evidence for in vivo ribosome recycling, the fourth step in protein biosynthesis, EMBO J. 17: 1141-1151, 1998.

180. Grentzmann, G., Kelly, P.J., Laalami, S., Shuda, M., Firpo, M.A., Cenatiempo,Y. and Kaji, A. Release Factor RF-3 GTPase activity acts in Disassembly of the Ribosome Termination Complex. RNA, 4: 973-983, 1998.

181. Hara, H. and Kaji, A. A Single Amino-Acid Substitution in gag p19 Protein (MA) of Rous Sarcoma Virus Suppresses Virus Production from Infected Cells. Virus Genes 16: 149-152, 1998.

182. Kaji, A., Teyssier, E. and Hirokawa, G. Disassembly of the Post-termination Complex and Reduction of Translational Error by Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) - A Possible New Target for Antibacterial Agents. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 250: 1-4, 1998.

183. Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling step, the fourth step of protein synthesis, catalyzed by ribosome recycling factor. Japanese. J. Bacteriol., 53: 55-56, 1998.

184. Ohnishi, M., Janosi L, Shuda M, Matsumoto H, Hayashi T, Terawaki Y. and Kaji A. Molecular cloning, sequencing, purification, and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ribosome recycling factor. J. Bacteriol. 181: 1281-1291, 1999.

185. Hara, H. and Kaji, A. Two point mutations in the U3 region of the long terminal repeat convert a subgroup A transformation-defective Rous sarcoma virus to a cytopathic virus. Folia Biol-Prague 45: 39-45, 1999.

186. Rolland, N., Janosi, L., Block, M. A., Shuda, M., Teyssier, E., Miège, C. , Chéniclet, C., Carde, J-P., Kaji, A., and Joyard. J. Plant Ribosome Recycling Factor homologue is a chloroplastic protein and it is bactericidal in E. coli carrying temperature sensitive RRF. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96: 5464-5469, 1999.

187. Kaji, A., Hirokawa, G. and Atarashi. K. Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF): A Factor

18 which Disassembles the Post-termination Complex and Reduces Translational Error. Protein, Nucleic acid, and Enzyme (Japanese) 44: 831-844, 1999.

188. Selmer, M., Al-Karadaghi, S., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. and Liljas, A. Crystal Structure of Thermotoga maritima Ribosome Recycling Factor: a tRNA mimic. Science 286: 2349-2352, 1999.

189. Kashimori, H., Yoshida, T., Kijima, H., Shimahara, H., Uchiyama, S., Ishino, T., Shuda, M., Nakano, H. ,Shibata, Y., Saihara, Y., Ohkubo, T., Kaji, A. and Kobayashi, Y.,(1999) Backbone NMR assignment and secondary structure of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa., J Biomol NMR, Vol.15., p 341-42.

190. Selmer, M., Al-Karadaghi, S., Hirokawa, G., Kaji A. and Liljas, A. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Thermotoga maritima Ribosome Recycling factor. Acta.Crystallogr D55, 2049-2050, 1999.

191. Janosi, L., Mori, H., Sekine, Y., Abragan, J., Janosi, R., Hirokawa, G. and Kaji. A. Mutations influencing the frr gene coding for ribosome recycling factor (RRF). J. Mol. Biol., 295:815-829, 2000.

192. Kaji, A. and Hirokawa. G., (2000) Ribosome recycling factor: an essential factor for protein synthesis, p. 527-539. In R. A. Garrett, S. R. Douthwaite, A. Liljas, A. T. Matheson, P. B. Moore, and H. F. Noller (ed.), The Ribosome: Structure, Function, Antibiotics, and Cellular Interactions. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.

193. Atarashi, K.,and ,Kaji, A. Inhibitory effect of heterologous ribosome recycling factor on growth of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol., 182:6154-60, 2000.

194. Inokuchi, Y., Hirashima, A., Sekine, Y., Janosi, L. and Kaji, A. Role of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) in translational coupling: inducing ribosomal recognition of the initiation codon of the coupled cistron. EMBO J. 19:3788-3798, 2000.

195. Kaji, A. and. Janosi., L (2000) Ribosome. Craighead,W.E., Nemeroff,C.B.(eds), The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science. John Wiley & Sons, New York, Vol.1, pp.1412-1421.

196. Yoshida, T., Uchiyama, S., Nakano, H., Kashimori, H., Kijima, H., Ohshima, T., Saihara, Y., Ishino, T., Shimahara, H., Yoshida, T., Yokose, K., Ohkubo, T., Kaji, A. and Kobayashi, Y. Solution Structure of the Ribosome Recycling Factor from Aquifex aeolicus. Biochem., 40:2387-2396. 2001.

197. Kaji, A., Kiel, M. C., Hirokowa, G., Muto, A., Inokuchi, Y. and Kaji, H., 2001. The fourth step of protein synthesis: Disassembly of the post-termination complex is catalyzed by elongation factor G and ribosome recycling factor, RRF, a near perfect mimic of tRNA. CSH Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. Vol.66., pp 515-

19 529.

198. Hirokawa, G., Kiel, M. C., Muto, A., Selmer, M., Raj, V.S., Liljas, A., Igarashi,K., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. (2002) Post-termination complex disassembly by ribosome recycling factor, a functional tRNA mimic. EMBO J, 21:2272-2281.

199. Lancaster, L., Kiel, M.C., Kaji, A. and Noller, H.F. Orientation of Ribosome Recycling Factor in the Ribosome from Directed Hydroxyl Radical Probing. Cell, 111:129-140. 2002.

200. Hirokawa, G., Kiel, M.C., Muto, A., Kawai, G., Igarashi, K., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Binding of Ribosome Recycling factor to Ribosomes - Comparison with tRNA. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 35847-52., 2002.

201. Murata, T. Ohnishi, M., Ara, T., Kaneko, J., Han, G., Li, F. Y., Takashima, K., Nojima, H., Nakayama, K., Kaji, A., Kamio, Y., Miki, T., Mori, H., Ohtusubo, E., Terewaki, Y. and Hayashi, T. Complete Nucleotide Seqence of plasmid Rts1: Implications for Evolution of large Plasmid Genomes. J. Bacteriol., 184:3194-3202. 2002.

202. Teyssier, E., Hirokawa, G., Tretiakova, A., Jameson, B., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H., Temperature sensitive mutation in yeast mitochondrial ribosome recycling factor (RRF). Nucleic Acid Res., 31:4218-26.. 2003.

203. Kiel, M.C., Raj, V.S., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A., Release of ribosome-bound ribosome recycling factor by elongation factor G, J. Biol.Chem., 278:48041-50. 2003.

204. Agrawal, R.K., Sharma, M.R., Kiel, M,C.,Hirokawa, G., Booth,T.M., Spahn,C.M.T., Grassucci,R.A., Kaji,A. and Frank,J., Visualization of ribosome-recycling factor on the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome: Functional implications, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.,10:.8900-5, 2004.

205. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H., The History of deciphering the genetic code: setting the record straight. Trends Biochem. Sci., 29:293, 2004.

206. Hirokawa, G., Inokuchi, H., Kaji, H., Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. In vivo effect of inactivation of ribosome recycling factor-----Fate of ribosomes after unscheduled translation downstream of open reading frame., Molec. Microbiol. 54:1011-21,2004.

207. Seo, H. S., Kiel, M., Pan, D., Raj, V. S., Kaji, A., Cooperman, B. S. Kinetics and Thermodynamics of RRF, EF-G, and Thiostrepton Interaction on the Escherichia coli Ribosome., Biochem.,43:12728-40, 2004.

208. Moll I, Hirokawa G, Kiel MC, Kaji A, Blaesi U., (2004) Translation initiation with 70S ribosomes: an alternative pathway for leaderless mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res.

20 Vol.,32, Pgs 3354-63.

209. Raj, V.S, Kaji, H. and Kaji, A., Interaction of RRF and EF-G from E. coli and T. thermophilus with ribosomes from both origins-----insight into the mechanism of the ribosome recycling step. RNA, 11:275-284, 2005.

210. Hirokawa, G., Nijman, R, M., Raj, V, S., Kaji, H., Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A., The role of ribosome recycling factor in dissociation of 70S ribosomes into subunits., RNA, 11:1317-28, 2005.

211. Hirokawa, G., Demeshkina, N., Iwakura, N., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. The ribosome recycling step: Consensus or Controversy? Trends Biochem. Sci. 31:144-149,2006.

212. Demeshkina, N., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. and Kaji,H. Novel activity of eukaryotic translocase, eEF2: dissociation of the 80S ribosome into subunits with ATP but not with GTP. Nucleic Acids Res. 35:4597-4607, 2007.

213. Borovinskaya, M. A., Pai, R. D., Zhang, W., Holton, J. M., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H., Kaji, A. and Cate, J. H .D. Structural basis for aminoglycoside inhibition of bacterial ribosome recycling. Nat. Struct. and Mol. Biol.,14:727-732, 2007.

214. Barat, C., Datta, P.P., Raj, S.V., Sharma, M.R., Kaji, H., Kaji, A. and Agrawal, R.K. Progression of the Ribosome Recycling Factor through the ribosome dissociates the Two Ribosomal Subunits. Mol. Cell. 27: 250-261, 2007.

215. Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H., Kaji, A., Inhibition of Anti-Association Activity of Translation Initiation Factor 3 by Paromomycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 51: 175-80, 2007.

216. Kiel, M.C., Kaji,H. and Kaji, A., Ribosome Recycling: An essential process of protein synthesis. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Education, 35:40-44, 2007.

217 Pai RD, Zhang W, Schuwirth BS, Hirokawa G, Kaji H, Kaji A and Cate JH (2008) Structural Insights into Ribosome Recycling Factor Interactions with the 70S Ribosome. J Mol Biol ;376(5):1334-47.

218 Hirokawa1, G., Iwakura, N., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. The role of GTP in transient splitting of 70S ribosomes by RRF (ribosome recycling factor) and EF-G (elongation factor G). Nucleic Acids Research. 36 (21) 6676-87. 2008

Abstracts of papers presented in meetings

1. Eliot, C.R., Kaji, A., Seeman, P., Ubell, E., Kuffler, S.W. and Burgen, A.S.V. The effect of nervous system extracts on inhibition and excitation in single nerve

21 cells. Presented at Marine Biological Lab, 1957.

2. Kaji, A., Trayser, K.A. and Colowick, S.P. ATP-ase activity of crystalline yeast hexokinase. Fed. Proc. 20:2336, 1961.

3. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. A soluble amino acid incorporation system from E. coli. Fed. Proc. 22:302, 1963.

4. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Specific attachment of sRNA to polysomes. Fed. Proc. 23:478, 1964.

5. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Further studies on soluble amino acid incorporation system. Abst. 6th International Biochemical Congress, New York, p.77, 1964.

6. Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Further studies on the specific binding of s-RNA to template ribosome complex. Fed. Proc. 24:408, 1965.

7. Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. The role of 50S ribosomal subunits in the binding of specific sRNA to ribosomes. Fed. Proc. 25:403, 1966.

8. Kaji, A. and Momose, K. Soluble amino acid incorporation system----its relation to the ribosomal incorporation system. Bacteriol. Proc., p.81, 1966.

9. Kuriki, Y. and Kaji, A. Specific binding of sRNA to ribosomes during polypeptide synthesis and the nature of peptidyl sRNA. Abstract of 7th International Congress of Biochemistry in Tokyo, Japan, 1967.

10. Gordon, J., Kaji, A. and Nakada, D. Function of "native" 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli. Bacterial Proc., p.119, 1967.

11. Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. The role of sRNA binding sites of the 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits in polypeptide synthesis. Fed. Proc. 26:611, 1967.

12. Kaji, A., Suzuka, I. and Takeda, Y. Comparative studies of specific and nonspecific binding of sRNA to ribosomes. Bacteriol. Proc., p.120, 1967.

13. Kuriki, Y., Fukuma, I. and Kaji, A. The role of adenosine terminal of tRNA for the specific binding to ribosomes. Fed. Proc. 27:800, 1968.

14. Kirtikar, D. and Kaji, A. Studies on the functional role of 5S RNA in protein biosynthesis. FEBS meetings, 1968.

15. Suzuka, I. and Kaji, A. Studies on diphenylalanine formation by Escherichia coli ribosomes. Bacteriol. Proc., p.114, 1968.

22 16. Kuriki, Y., Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. Factor and GTP dependent release of tRNA from 70S ribosomes. Fed. Proc. 28:598, 1969.

17. Kaji, A., Igarashi, K., Ishitsuka, H. and Kuriki, Y. Mode of action of antibiotics on various steps of protein synthesis. Presented at 1st International Symposium for Cell Biology and Cytopharmacology, Venice, 1969.

+ ++ 18. Igarashi, K. and Kaji, A. Differential effect of tetracycline, NH 4, and Mg on two ribosomal sites for specific binding of aminoacyl tRNA. Bacteriol. Proc., p.146, 1969.

19. Ishitsuka, H. and Kaji, A. New soluble factor which releases tRNA from ribosomes. Fed Proc. 29:538, 1970.

20. Gualerzi, C., Igarashi, K., Chatterjee, S. and Kaji, A. New factor which releases aminoacyl tRNA from the complex of aminoacyl tRNA and 30s subunits. Bacteriol. Proc., p.49, 1970.

21. Hirashima, A. and Kaji, A. Release of messenger RNA from ribosome- A process dependent on G factor and an additional factor. Fed. Proc. 30:1290, 1971.

22. Tanaka, S. and Kaji, A. Studies on the mode of action of erythromycin, tetracycline, puromycin, and fusidic acid. Bacteriol. Proc., p.137, 1971.

23. Fukuma, I. and Kaji, A. Effect of phage T4 ghost infection on Escherichia coli protein synthesis. Fed. Proc. 31:859, 1972.

24. Ranu, R.S. and Kaji, A. Evidence for specific inhibition of translocation of aminoacyl-tRNA by pretreatment of ribosomes with p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB). Bact. Proc., p.162, 1972.

25. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Evidence that fusidic acid inhibits the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the donor as well as the acceptor site of the ribosomes. Fed. Proc. 32:494, 1973.

26. Takeishi, K., Fukuma, I. and Kaji, A. The effect of T4 phage ghost infection on ribosomes of Escherichia coli. Bacteriol. Proc., p.210, 1973.

27. DiJoseph, C.G., Finver, S. and Kaji, A. Studies on replication of the thermosensitive drug resistance factor Rts1. Fed. Proc. 33:721, 1974.

28. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Micrococcin -- Acceptor site-specific inhibitor of protein synthesis. Bacteriol. Proc., p.110, 1974.

23 29. Yamamoto, T. and Kaji, A. Effect of cyclic AMP on the expression of thermo sensitive characteristics of Rts1. Fed. Proc. 34:555, 1975.

30. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Further studies on the mode of action of erythromycin A - Release of oligopeptidyl tRNA from ribosomes. Bacteriol. Proc., p.1, 1975.

31. Yamamoto, T. and Kaji, A. Replication of thermo sensitive circular plasmid DNA in a non-covalently closed circular form at the non-permissive temperature. Fed. Proc. 35:1376, 1976.

32. Toole, B.P., Okayama, M., Orkin, R.W., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M. and Kaji, A. Developmental roles of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. 30th meeting of Society of General Physiologists, Woods Hole, Mass., 1976.

33. Otaka, T. and Kaji, A. Mode of action of Bottromycin A2---Release of amino- acyl or peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes. Bacteriol. Proc. of 76th ASM Annual Meeting, p.5, 1976.

34. Kaji, A., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M., Chi, J., Roth, S.L., Delotto, R. and Okayama, M. Differentiation and Oncogenesis (in Japanese). Proceedings of the Japanese Cancer Association of 35th Meeting S1, p.3, 1976.

35. Okayama, M., Roth, S., Chi, J., Muto, M., Yoshimura, M. and Kaji, A. Transformation of chicken chondrocytes by Rous sarcoma virus. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Virus Meeting, p.31, 1976.

36. Roth, S., Delotto, R. and Kaji, A. Cell transformation and differentiation: Biochemical studies of cell transformed by RSV ts LA24. 10th International Congress of Biochemistry, Hamburg, Germany, 1976.

37. Okayama, M., Yoshimura, M., Muto, M., Huang, J. and Kaji, A. Cell transformation and differentiation: Molecular basis for the inhibition of myotube formation by oncogenic viral transformation. Abstract #30, p.14A, 30th Annual Meeting of Society of General Physiologists, 1976.

38. Kobayashi, N., Sabran, J. and Kaji, A. Infection of myotubes with Rous sarcoma virus. Presented at International Meeting of Developmental Biology, Tokyo, August, 1976.

39. Roth, S., Delotto, R. and Kaji, A. Change in leucine amino transferase (LAT) isozyme pattern during activation of transforming gene in rat kidney cells transformed by temperature sensitive Rous sarcoma virus (RSV). Fed. Proc. 36:738, 1977.

24 40. Bricker, J., Arkin, S., Ishaq, M. and Kaji, A. A smaller derivative of Rts1. (A thermosensitive kanamycin (KM) resistance factor.) Abstract page 142, Annual Meeting of American Society for Microbiology, 1977.

41. Ishaq, M., Raghavan, N. and Kaji, A. Mechanism of T4-phage restriction by thermo sensitive drug resistant factor Rts1. Mid-Atlantic Extra-chromosomal Group Meeting, Virginia Beach, Virginia, October, 1978.

42. Kaji, A., Yamamoto, T., Ishaq, M., Raghavan, N., Finver, S. and Bricker, J. The drug resistance factor Rts1. Its replication, influence on host DNA synthesis and mechanism of T4 phage restriction. EMBO workshop, West Berlin, April, 1978, p. 62.

43. Taylor, J.M., Hsu, T.W., Mark, G.E., Mason, W.S., Sabran, J.L., Kaji, A., Lai, M.M.C. and Guntaka, R.R. Avian tumor virus genome: structure and replication. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Workshop, 1978.

44. Kobayashi, N. and Kaji, A. Differentiation and cellular transformation - expression of src gene in terminally differentiated myotubes. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Virus Workshop, p.190, 1978.

45. Finver, S. and Kaji, A. Studies on the interaction between an Rts1 (kanamycin resistance) plasmid derivative and an E. coli DNA B mutant. Mid-Atlantic Extrachromosomal Group Meeting, Virginia Beach, Virginia, October, 1978.

46. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Morphology and cell-cell interaction of chondrocytes transformed by temperature sensitive Rous sarcoma virus. Eighteenth Annual Meeting American Society For Cell Biology, J. Cell Biol. 79:404a, 1978.

47. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Two separate functions of the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) src gene. 79th Annual meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, 1979.

48. Ryoji, M. and Kaji, A. Translation of R17 RNA beyond the amber codon in the absence of ribosome releasing factor. Fed. Proc. 38:329, 1979.

49. Yoshimura, M. and Kaji, A. The possible role of elevated hyaluronic acid in inhibition of differentiation of myogenic cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. Abstracts of 11th International Congress of biochemistry, Toronto, Canada, July 8-13, p.499, 1979.

50. Ryoji, M. and Kaji, A. Reinitiation of translation without formylmethionine from a triplet immediately after a termination codon. Fed. Proc. 39:1874, 1980.

25 51. Hsia, K. Sabran, J.L. and Kaji, A. Infection of multinucleated myotubes with Rous sarcoma virus. Cold Spring Harbor RNA tumor workshop, 1980.

52. Tanaka, A., Kobayashi, N. and Kaji, A. Phosphorylation and protein kinase activity in differentiated myotubes and chrondocytes infected with Rous Sarcoma Virus. RNA Tumor Virus Meeting at Cold Spring Harbor. May, 1980.

53. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Stimulation of growth rate of chondrocytes by RSV infection. Cold Spring Harbor RNA tumor virus workshop, 1980.

54. Yoshimura, M. and Kaji, A. In vitro culture of chicken epidermal cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus. Second International Conference of Cell Biology in Berlin, 1980.

55. Yoshimura, M. and Kaji, A. Differentiation of RSV-infected skin epidermal cells in vitro from chick embryo. Second International Conference of Cell Biology. Aug. 31-Sept. 5, 1980.

56. Hsia, K., Sabran, J. and Kaji, A. Differential expression of Rous sarcoma viral genes in terminally differentiated myotube cultures. Second International Conference of Cell Biology in Berlin, 1980.

57. Finver, S., Yamamoto, T., Bricker, J. and Kaji, A. Isolation and identification of a DNA fragment of Rts1 plasmid responsible for temperature sensitive growth of host bacteria. Molecular Biology, Pathogenesity and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids, edited by Levy, Clowes & Koenig, p.602. Plenum Press, 1981.

58. Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. A transformation-defective RSV mutant with altered p19 of the gag gene: inhibitory effect of this mutation on host cell growth. Cold Spring Harbor Mtg. on RNA Tumor Viruses (1981), p.84 and 72nd Annual meeting of American Society of Biological Chemists. St.Louis, Missouri, 1981, Fed. Proc. 40:1828, 1981.

59. Amini, S. and Kaji, A. Localization of pp36K, the presumed target protein for the src protein kinase of RSV to the membrane of chicken cells transformed by RSV. Cold Spring Harbor RNA tumor virus meeting 1981, p.105 and VIIth International Biophysics Congress and 111th Pan-American Biochemistry Congress, Mexico City, 1981.

60. Hsia, K. and Kaji, A. Effect of cell differentiation on expression of Rous sarcoma viral genes. Cold Spring Harbor Meeting on RNA Tumor Virus, p.230, 1981.

61. Yoshimoto, H. and Kaji, A. A small DNA fragment of plasmid Rts1 which confers cis-instability to pBR322. Fed. Proc. 41:1279, 1982.

26 62. Tanaka, A., Sabran, J., Hsia, K., Iwasaki, Y. and Kaji, A. Production of RSV by terminally differentiated myotubes. Cold Spring Harbor RNA tumor virus meeting, 1982.

63. Amini, S., Tanaka, A., Kobayashi, N. and Kaji, A. Relationship between stimulation of growth rate of condrocytes by Rous Sarcoma Virus and phosphorylation level of pp60src and its presumed target pp36. Cold Spring Harbor RNA tumor virus meeting, 1982.

64. Amini, S., Tanaka, A. and Kaji, A. Phosphorylation of 36K protein is stimulated by oncogenic transformation as well as by BudR treatment of chicken chondrocytes. J. Cell Biol. 95:1021, 1982.

65. Lash, J.W., Vasan, N.S., Yoshimura, M. and Kaji, A. The effect of oncogenic transformation on the extracellular matrix synthesis and chondrogenic differentiation of chick somites. J. Cell Biol. 95:5006, 1982.

66. Kaji, A., Yoshimoto, H., Yamamoto, T. and Finver, S. Studies on various phenotypes of drug resistance factor, Rts 1. In "Drug Resistance in Bacteria." Mitsuhashi, S., Ed., Japan Scientific Press, Tokyo, p.59, 1982. (Proceedings of 4th International Symposium held in Tokyo).

67. Ricker, R. and Kaji, A. An additional mechanism for translational fidelity. Fed. Proc. 42:2155, 1983.

68. Okawa, N., Yoshimoto, H. and Kaji, A. Identification of Rts1 fragments which give temperature-sensitive instability to other plasmid vectors. Plasmid, 10:204, 1983. Presented at 6th Annual Mid-Atlantic Extrachromosomal Elements Meeting at Virginia Beach, Va.

69. Park, H.T. and Kaji, A. Reduced expression of env and src of RSV in the terminally differentiated myotubes is at the level of RNA splicing. J. Cell Biol. 97(5) part 2, 144a, 1983.

70. Kaji, A. A book review on Expression of Differentiated Functions in Cancer Cells. TIBS, 58: 309, 1983.

71. Kaji, A. Infection of terminally differentiated myotubes with Rous Sarcoma Virus. 85th birthday of F. Lipman Symposium (1984) in Japan.

72. Okawa, N. and Kaji, A. DNA sequence of the Rts1 fragments which cause temperature dependent instability to other plasmid vectors, having this fragment.

27 ASM Meeting at Las Vegas, 1985.

73. Okawa, N. and Kaji, A. Further studies of the Rts1 fragment which cause temperature dependent instability to other plasmid vectors. Plasmid, 13:226, 1985. Presented at 8th annual Mid-Atlantic Extrachromosomal Elements Meeting at Virginia Beach, Va.

74. Park, H. and Kaji, A. Reduced amount of subgenomic RSV RNA and production of defective virus by the RSV infected terminally differentiated chicken myotubes. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Virus Meeting, 1985.

75. Park, H. and Kaji, A. Microinjection of RSV-DNA produces infectious RSV particles from the terminally differentiated myotubes which have withdrawn from the cell cycle. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Virus Meeting, 1986.

76. Tanaka, M., Okawa, N. and Kaji, A.. Studies on Rts1 fragment responsible for Tdi (Temperature dependent instability) and the fragment causing Tsg (Temperature sensitive growth of the host bacteria). Mid-Atlantic Extrachromosonal Meeting held at Virginia Beach, Virginia, October 17-19, 1986.

77. Fujihara, M., Milligan, J.R. and Kaji, A. Antiviral effect of pppA(2'p5'A)n [2'- 5'A] on herpes simplex virus (HSV) - Infected cells and animals. presented at ASBC Annual Meeting, June 7-11, 1987.

78. Fujihara, M., Milligan, J.R. and Kaji, A. Further studies on antiviral effect of 2'5'A on herpes simplex virus. Abstract page 74, Twelfth International Herpes Virus Workshop held in Philadelphia, 1987.

79. Shoji, A., Park, H. and Kaji, A. Unusual properties of RSV particles produced at early period post infection - presence of viral DNA and reduced amount of env protein. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Virus Meeting, 1988.

80. Mori, K., Tanaka, M., Okawa, N. and Kaji, A. Site directed mutagenesis of temperature dependent instability gene of Rts1. 1988 ASM Annual Meeting, Miami Beach, Fla., May 8-13, 1988.

81. Ichikawa, S., Ryoji, R., Ricker, R.D., Siegfried, Z. and Kaji, A. Cloning, expression, and localization of the E. coli ribosome releasing factor gene and the role of this factor in error prevention. ASM, Conference on Ribosomes. August 6-11, 1989.

82. Morishige, H., Ohkuma, T. and Kaji, A. Enhancement of cytotoxic activity of TNF by entrapping into liposomes. Presented at the Fourth Princeton Liposome Conference at Princeton, NJ., May 15-16, 1989.

28 83. Tsuchiya, H., Mori, K. and Kaji, A. Temperature sensitive growth phenotype of drug resistance factor Rts1-Nucleotide sequence of the responsible fragment. ASM, 89th Annual Meeting, 1989.

84. Mochida, S. and Kaji, A. The 116 bp fragment of Rts1 exhibits temperature sensitive growth phenotype. 13th Annual Mid-Atlantic Extra-chromosonal Elements Meeting, 1989.

85. Shimizu, I., Ichikawa, S. and Kaji, A. Identification of the promoter region of the ribosome releasing factor cistron. ASBMB/AAI, 1990.

86. Hara, H., Tanabe, T. and Kaji, A. Molecular basis of altered p19 protein (MA) of transformation-defective Rous sarcoma virus tdph2010. Cold Spring Harbor RNA Tumor Virus Meeting, 1990.

87. Yamamoto, T., Okawa, N., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Localization of OmpF Signal- p21ras fusion proteins expressed in Escherichia coli into the inner membrane. ASM Conference on Biotechnology, 1991

88. Janosi, L. and Kaji, A. Molecular cloning and expression of T-even phage specific restriction enzyme coded by drug resistance plasmid Rts1. ASBMB/Biophysical Society Meeting, Feb. 9-13, 1992.

89. Janosi, L., Shimizu, I. and Kaji, A. Ribosome releasing factor is essential for growth of Escherichia coli. International Conference on the Translational Apparatus, Berlin, Germany, Oct. 31-Nov. 5, 1992.

90. Shibata, C., Endo, T. and Kaji, A. Construction of sturgeon GH gene and its expression in E. coli. Symposia on fish pituitary hormone research, Kitazato University, Tokyo, Japan, Sept. 21-25, 1992.

91. Janosi, L., Shimizu, I. and Kaji, A. Ribosome releasing factor is essential for growth of Escherichia coli. ASBMB/DBC-ACS Joint Meeting, San Diego, CA, May 30-June 3, 1993.

92. Fujihashi, T., Yonemitsu, H., Higuchi, H., Hong, H. and Kaji, A. Temperature Sensitive Partition of Plasmid Derived from Drug Resistant Factor Rtsl - Restoration of Partitioning by Another Rtsl Fragment with the Par like Function. 17th Annual Mid-Atlantic Extrachromosomal Elements and Molecular Genetics Meeting, 1993.

93. Sugimoto, K., Hara, E., Yamamoto, T., Ueki, T., Monden, M., Kaji, A. and Nakamura, T. Molecular cloning and expression of new cadherin family in neural

29 tissues. Annual meeting of the Japanese Molecular Biology Society, Kobe, Japan, December, 1994.

94. Yamamoto, T., Hiramitsu, K. and Kaji, A. Mode of action of CL 331,928 (DMG- DMDOT), a new glycylcycline. 34th Interscience Conference On Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Orlando, Fla., October 4-7, 1994.

95. Zhang, S. and Kaji, A. Only A Very Specific Antisense 20mers Oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits HIV RNA Dimer Formation. ASM, 95th Annual Meeting, 1995.

96. Hara, H. and Kaji, A. Unusual mutational changes in the U3 region of the long terminal repeat convert a subgroup A transformation-defective Rous sarcoma virus to a cytopathic virus. The 96th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 19-23, 1996.

97. Janosi, L. and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling -- Indispensable and crucial step of protein synthesis. The 40th Annual Meeting of the Wind River Conference on Prokaryotic Biology, Estes Park, Colorado, June 5-9, 1996.

98. Janosi, L., Zhang, S. and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling by ribosome recycling factor: Indispensable, crucial step of protein synthesis. International OJI Seminar, Posttranscriptional Control of Gene Expression: The Regulatory Role of RNA. Hakone, Japan, November 10-14, 1996.

99. Janosi, L., Shuda, M., Ricker, R. and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling factor, an essential factor for protein biosynthesis--In vivo and vitro functional tests. 17th International tRNA workshop, Japan, May 10-15, 1997.

100. Taniyama, M., Morita, T., Yamagishi, Y., Kato, A., Bando, C., Okawa, N., and Kaji, A. Human lymphotoxin mutein without hypotensive activity but with higher in vivo anti-tumor activity than lymphotoxin or tumor necrosis factor. Fifth Annual Conference of the International Cytokine Society, Lake Tahoe, Nevada, November 9-13, 1997.

101. Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling step, the fourth step of protein synthesis, catalyzed by ribosome recycling factor. The Fifth Asian Conference on Transcription (AST-V). Lorne, Victoria, Australia, February 22-26, 1998.

102. Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling step, the fourth step of protein synthesis, catalyzed by ribosome recycling factor. Japanese Journal of Bacteriology 1998, 53:55-56. 71st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Bacteriological Society, Matsumoto, Japan, April 2-4, 1998.

103. Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. In vivo inactivation of the ribosome recycling factor

30 (a possible new target for antimicrobal agent), which catalyzes the fourth step of protein synthesis; disassembly of the post termination complex. ASBMB Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, May 16-20, 1998.

104. Grentzmann, G., Kelly, P.J., Laalami, S., Shuda, M., Firpo, M.A., Cenatiempo, Y., Kaji, A. GTP-dependent and -independent functions of RF3. RNA 98, The Third Annual Meeting of the RNA Society, University of Wisconsin-Madison, May 26-31, 1998.

105. Kaji, A., Emeline Teyssier, Go Hirokawa. 1998. Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF), p. 107-112. In Proceedings: First International workshop on structure research of the ribosome and its functional complexes. GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany.

106. Teyssier, E., Rolland, N., Janosi, L., Block, M.A., Shuda, M., Miege, C., Joyard, J., Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling factor homologues in eukaryotes. Abstracts of papers presented at the 1998 Meeting of Translational Control, September 9-13, Cold Spring Harbor Lab., Cold Spring Harbor, NY, p.142.

107. Hirokawa, G., Janosi, L., Sekine, Y., Ricker, R., Kaji, A. Possible reasons for lethal effect of in vivo inactivation of ribosome recycling factor (RRF). Abstracts of papers presented at the 1998 Meeting of Translational Control, September 9-13, Cold Spring Harbor Lab., Cold Spring Harbor, NY, p.268.

108. Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling step, the fourth step of protein synthesis, catalyzed by Ribosome Recycling Factor. Presented in a symposium entitled “Structure research of the Ribosome and its Functional Complexes” at Geesthacht, Germany. September 9-11, 1998.

109. Kaji, A., Teyssier, E. and Hirokawa, G. Disassembly of the post-termination complex and reduction of translational error by ribosome recycling factor (RRF) - a possible new target for anti-bacterial agents. Presented at a symposium entitled “NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE MECHANISM OF mRNA TRANSLATION: The Significance of RNA Structure.” Aussois, France. March 22-26, 1999.

110. Kaji, A and Hirokawa, G. Disassembly of the Post-termination Complex by RRF (Ribosome Recycling Factor) - A Possible New Target for Antimicrobial Agents. Helsingoer Conference on “The Ribosome: Structure, Function, Antibiotics and Cellular Interactions.” Denmark. June 13-17, 1999. p. 527-539.

111. Teyssier, E., Rolland, N., Janosi, L., Block, M.A., Shuda, M., Wek, R., Joyard, J., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Eukaryotic Ribosome Recycling Factor. RNA ‘99: The Fourth Annual Meeting of the RNA Society. University of Edinburgh, Scotland. June 23-27, 1999.

31 112. Hirokawa, G., Teyssier, E., Janosi, L., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) which catalyzes disassembly of the post termination complex-Temperature sensitive. lethal and suppresser mutations of RRF. Translation UK 1999. University of Dundee, Scotland. June 27-29, 1999.

113. Kaji, A. and G. Hirokawa. 2000. Ribosome recycling factor: an essential factor for protein synthesis, p. 527-539. In R. A. Garrett, S. R. Douthwaite, A. Liljas, A. T. Matheson, P. B. Moore, and H. F. Noller (ed.), The Ribosome: Structure, Function, Antibiotics, and Cellular Interactions. Helsinger Conference Denmark June 13th –17th 1999. Copenhagen

114. Inokuchi, Y., Hirashima, A., Sekine, Y., Janosi, L. and Kaji A. Role of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) in translational coupling: inducing ribosomal recognition of the initiation codon of the coupled cistron. RNA 2000: The Fifth Annual Meeting of the RNA Society. University of Wisconsin. May 30-June 4, 2000, pp. 404.

115. Hirokawa, G., Muto A., Selmer, M., Al-Karadaghi, S., Liljas, A. and Kaji, A. A Near perfect mimicry of tRNA by RRF (ribosome recycling factor). Its functional significance. 18th tRNA Workshop "tRNA 2000". Cambridge, UK, April 8-12, 2000; pp. 7-125.

116. Hirokawa, G., Muto, A. and Kaji, A. Inhibitors of RRF (ribosome recycling factor) reaction. Its significance in the action of RRF, a near perfect mimic of tRNA. FASEB Summer Research Conferences. Post-transcriptional Control of Gene Expression . Copper Mountain, Colorado. July 16-July 21, 2000

117. Hirokawa, G., Muto A., Selmer, M., Liljas, A. and Kaji, A. RRF (Ribosome Recycling Factor) mimics tRNA structurally and functionally. TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL 2000. Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 6-10, 2000; pp. 8 (Oral presentation)

118. Kiel, M. and Kaji, A. Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) induces the release of Phe-tRNA from non-programmed but not poly(U)-programmed 70S ribosomes. TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL 2000. Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 6-10, 2000; pp. 188.

119. Hirokawa, G., Muto, A., Kiel,M.C.,and Kaji, A. Ribosome recycling Factor, Near Perfect mimic of tRNA, its functional significance. Second Symposium on Structural Aspects of Protein Synthesis. Rensselaerville, New York, September 21-24, 2000.

120. Hirokawa, G., Muto, A. and Kaji, A. Inhibitors of RRF. Symposium on interaction of nucleic acid and proteins. in Japanese National Biochemistry meeting, Yokohama, Japan, Oct. 10-14, 2000.

32 121. Hirokawa, G., Muto, A. and Kaji, A., (2000) Inhibitors of RRF (ribosome recyling factor reaction. Its significance in the action of RRF. A near-perfect mimic of tRNA. FASEB Summer Research Conference. (Colorado).

122. Inokuchi, Y., Hirashima, A, Sekine, Y., Janosi, L. and Kaji, A., (2000) Role of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) in translational coupling inducing ribosomal recognition of the initiation codon of the coupled cistron. pp 404 RNA Fifth Annual Meeting of the RNA Society. Madison, Wisconsin. May 30-June 4, 2000.

123. Hirokawa, G., Muto, A., Kiel, M. and Kaji, A. The Fourth Step of Protein synthesis: Disassembly of Post Termination Complex The 3rd International Symposium on Ribosome Engineering, at Tsukuba, Japan. Jan. 22 and 23, 2001.

124. Kaji, A., Kiel, M., Muto, A., Hirokawa, G. and Kaji, H. The fourth step of protein biosynthesis catalyzed by ribosome recycling factor, RRF: An ideal target for new antimicrobial agents. 121st National Meeting of Japanese Pharmaceutical Society, (plenary lecture). March 29, 2001. Abstract volume 1, 29A 1530, page 75

125. Kaji, A., Kiel, M., Muto, A., Hirokawa, G., Teyssier, E. and Kaji, H. The Fourth Step of Protein Biosynthesis Catalyzed by Ribosome recycling factor RRF: An Ideal Target for New Antimicrobial Agents. Protein Synthesis. International Conference in Honor of Alexander Spirin. Aug 27-Sept 1, 2001. Moscow region, Russia.

126. Kiel, M., Hirokawa, G., Igarashi, K., Muto, A., Inokuchi, Y., Hirashima A., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Disassembly of the post-termination complex by RRF and EF- G is a five step process: Effect of mRNA sequence surrounding the post- termination complex. The Dynamics of Ribosome Structure and Function. Queenstown, New Zealand, 27th January –1st February, 2002.

127. Kaji, A., Kiel, M., Muto A., Raj, S. and Kaji, H. Biochemical similarity of Ribosome recycling factor (RRF) and tRNA. 19th tRNA Workshop “tRNA 2002”. 6th – 11th April Shanghai, China.

128. Kaji, A., Kiel, M.C., Muto, A., Raj, S.,and Kaji. H. Biochemical Similarity of Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) and tRNA. Seventh Annual Meeting of the RNA Society Madison, Wisconsin May 28th – June 2nd , 2002. RNA.

129. Kiel, M.C., Raj, S.V., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A., (2003) The release of Ribosome factor (RRF) from ribosome involves the EF-G- Dependent Translocation of RRF. 8th Annual Meeting of the RNA Society. Vienna, Austria, July 1- July 6, 2003. RNA.

33 130. Raj, V.S., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Bacterial Physiology and Ribosome Recycling Factor. Molecular Genetics of Bacteria and Phages, University of Wisconsin- Madison, August 5-10, 2003.

131. Kaji, A., Does RRF work during chain elongation?--Studies with polyamines. 8th Workshop on Experimental strategies for Ribosomal Research. In Schloss Ringberg, Tegern See, Germany 17th-21st November 2003.

132. Kiel, M.C., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Function Mimicry of A-site Peptidyl- tRNA by Ribosome Recycling Factor. Ninth Annual Meeting of the RNA Society., RNA Madison Wisconsin, June 1st - 6th, 2004.

133. Raj, S.V., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Evidence for the existence of two binding sites for Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) on the ribosome. Molecular Genetics of Bacteria & Phages. Cold Spring Harbor, New York., August 24- August 29, 2004.

134. Hirokawa, G., Moll, I., Kiel, M.C., Kaji, H., Igarashi, K., Blaesi, U. and Kaji, A. In vivo effect of inactivation of ribosome recycling factor - fate of ribosomes after unscheduled translation downstream of open reading frame. Translaton Control.,Cold Spring Harbor New York. September 7- September 12, 2004.

135. Kaji, A.,The Fourth Step of Protein Synthesis is Catalyzed by Ribosome Recycling Factor, a Functional tRNA mimic. Plenary lecture, Symposium for celebration of Dr. Irwin Rose's Nobel Prize. Fox Chase Cancer Center Auditorium. November 5, 2004.

136. Kaji, A., The Fourth Step of Protein Synthesis is Catalyzed by Ribosome Recycling Factor a Functional tRNA mimic. Jefferson Hospital. March 8th (2005)

137. Kaji, A., The Fourth Step of Protein Synthesis is Catalyzed by Ribosome Recycling Factor a Functional tRNA mimic. Temple University March 14th (2005).

138. Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. The role of RRF in dissociation of 70S ribosomes into their subunits. RNA, Molecular Genetics and Phages Conference 2005, Madison, WI., August 2-7, 2005.

139. Raj, V.S., Kaji, A., Iwakura, N., Hirokawa, G. and Kaji, H. Ribosome recycling factor moves from A/P site of ribosome to a site overlapping with E- site, Conference on Protein Synthesis and Translational Control, EMBL Heidelberg Germany, Sept. 14-18, 2005.

34 140. Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Dissociation of 70S ribosomes into their subunits----effects of paromomycin and role of RRF, 21st International tRNA Workshop, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, Dec. 2-7, 2005. 141. Raj, S., Kaji, H., Kaji, A., Ribosome recycling. 9th Workshop on " Experimental trategies for Ribosomal Research", Patras- Psathopirgos, 20th-25th March 2006.

142. Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Ribosomal splitting and mRNA release during ribosome-recycling. 2006 20th International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Meeting at Kyoto, Japan, June 2006.

143. Demeshkina, N., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. New action of eukaryotic elongation Factor 2---- association of ribosomal subunits. Translational Control, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 6-10th 2006.

144. Hirokawa,G., Kaji,H. and Kaji, A., GTP consumption during ribosomal splitting by RRF and EF-G. Translational Control, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 6-10th 2006.

145. Barat,C., Datta,P.P., V. Samuel Raj., Sharma,R.M., Kaji,H., Kaji,A. and Agrawal, R. K. Progression of the ribosome recycling factor (RRF) through the ribosome dissociates the ribosomal subunits. Translational Control, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 6-10th 2006.

146. Cate, J.H.D., Borovinskaya, M.A., Pai, R.D., Zhang, W., Holton ,J.M., Kaji, H., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A., Shoji, S. and Fredrick, K. Structural basis for antibiotic inhibition of translocation and ribosome recycling. Ribosomes. Sea Crest Resort, Cape Cod, MA June 3-8. 2007. (oral presentation)

147. Demeshkina, N., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 with ATP dissociates 80S ribosomes. Ribosomes Sea Crest Resort, Cape Cod, MA June 3-8. 2007.

148. Vivanco-Dominguez, Leon-Avila, G., Zamora-Romo, E., Magos- Castro,M.A., Kaji, A., Kaji, H. and Guarneros,G. RRF release peptidyl-tRNAs from the ribosmes during the early elongation steps IN VIVO. Ribosomes Sea Crest Resort, Cape Cod, MA June 3-8. 2007.

149. Kaji, A., Hirokawa, G., Iwakura, N., Demeshkina, N., Kaji, H. The role of GTP in ribosome recycling in prokalyotes-- Comparison with eukaryotic ribosome recycling which is dependent on ATP. Molecular Genetics of Bacteria & Phages. University of Wisconsin-Madison August 7-12, 2007.

150. Demeshkina, N., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A. Possible involvement of eEF2/ATP-

35 dependent splitting of 80S ribosomes into eukaryotic recycling. EMBL Conference on Protein Sythesis and Translational Control. EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany, September 12-16, 2007

151. Demeshkina, N., Kaji, H. and Kaji, A The eEF2/ATP-dependent disassembly of yeast post-termination complex is efficient enough to be a part of the ribosome recycling step: The inhibitory effect of acetate, 2008, RNA society mtg, Berlin Germany.

152. Cate, J.H.D., Holton, J., Shoji, S., Zhang, W., Pai, R., Kaji, A., Fredrick, K. ,Kaji, H., Borovinskaya, M., Schuwirth, B.,and Hirokawa, G. Structural Basis for Antibiotic Inhibition of mRNA and tRNA Translocation and Ribosome Recycling. RNA meeting, Berlin, Germany, July 28-Aug. 3. 2008. (oral presentation)

153. Iwakura, N., Hirokawa, G., Kaji, A. and Kaji, H. Disassembly of ribosomal post termination complexes (PoTC) by RRF, EF-G and IF3--- Release of mRNA from PoTC and splitting of ribosomes occur simultaneously. Translational Control-Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harb or, New York, Sept. 3-7, 2008.

154. Demeshkina, N., Kurata. S., Kaji, A.,and Kaji, H. Ribosome recycling step in yeast cytoplasmic protein synthesis 12th International Congress on Yeasts. Kyiv Aviation University, Kyiv (Kiev), Ukraine, Aug. 11 - 15, 2008 (oral presentation in a symposium

155. Kaji, A., and Kaji, H. Versatile functions of ribosome recycling factor in addition to ribosome recycling. BIT's 2nd Annual Congress of Gene, Forshan, China, Dec. 5-7, 2008 (oral presentation)

156. Kaji, A., and Kaji, H. Ribosome recycling step in prokaryotes and eukaryotes:An essential step for protein synthesis. BIT's 2nd Annual Congress of Gene, Forshan, China, Dec. 5-7, 2008. (oral presentation)

157. Vivanco-Domínguez, S., Gloria León-Avila, G., Martínez, J. B., Marco Antonio Magos-Castro, M. A., Kaji, H., Kaji, A. and Guarneros, G., Additional role of RRF and RF3: custodians of the efficiency of protein synthesis and cell viability by releasing stalled ribosomes. Avanços e Perspectivas da Ciência no Brasil, América Latinae Caribe Dec. 1-5, 2008. (oral presentation)

158. Inokuchi, Y., Hirashima, A., and Kaji, A. The role of RRF in the

36 translational coupling in RNA phage GA—RRF actively reject mRNA from the terminating ribosomes even when UUAUG is placed near the initiation site (SD equence). Department of Bioscience, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan and Department of Microbiology school of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. 31st Japanese Molecular Biology Society mtg. 81st Japanese Biochemistry Society. Dec. 8-13, 2008.

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