First Aid Scenarios

First Aid Rally Scenarios Morris High School Fieldhouse 1000 Union St., Morris, IL 60450 February 6, 2010 Advanced (open to all) 1. Severe Bleeding - Lacerated Forearm w/ Arterial Bleeding & Shock 2. Compound Broken Upper Arm w/ Light Bleeding (Humerus) 3. Full-Thickness Third Degree Burns on Lower Leg (Arm) & Shock 4. Broken Collarbone w/ Light Bleeding (Clavicle) 5. Single-Rescuer Transport (six methods) 6. Heatstroke w/ Shock 7. Hypothermia 8. Frostbite 9. Stopped Breathing of an Adult 10.Impalement of Lower Leg w/ Light Bleeding Novice (Limited to 1st Class and below) 1. Simple Lower Leg Fracture who must be moved (Tibia) 2. Multi-Rescuer Transport (five methods) 3. Hypothermia 4. Partial-Thickness (Second Degree) Burn – Scalding 5. Sprained Ankle – In camp 6. Stopped Breathing of an Adult 7. Nosebleed 8. Blister – In summer camp 9. Frostbite Equipment Note: Issue a set of latex gloves to each participant

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc References First Aid merit badge 2008 printing (takes precedence if conflict) Scout Handbook, twelfth edition

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 2 ADVANCED SCENARIOS START HERE

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 3 1. Severe Bleeding - Lacerated Forearm w/ Arterial Bleeding & Shock SCENARIO: Victim cuts lower arm while using power saw at home (or hatchet) EQUIPMENT/PROPS: 1. Power saw or Hatchet (optional prop) 2. Elastic bandages 3. Drop cloth (at least 10’x12’ 3mil) 4. Victim to wear long sleeve shirt to be cut 5. ALL participants to wear “old” clothes & Latex gloves 6. Blood and Incision moulage PREPARATION (moulage required): 1. Apply deep bleeding incision moulage 2. Apply shock moulage pale or blue-tinged skin tone to face 3. Mist face with “sweat” to forehead and above upper lip VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and grasping wound - blood squirts out when you remove your hand 2. Be agitated and scared until the team “talks you down” 3. Pump reservoir to simulate arterial bleeding 4. Reduce bleeding once direct pressure begins (to conserve blood) 5. Stop bleeding once strong direct pressure is applied correctly applied and at least 2 pads have been applied to the wound 6. SHOCK - Fall into shock approximately 3-4 minutes into scenario by becoming unresponsive as oxygen deprivation in the brain causes you to become confused and disoriented, fast rate of breathing EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (yes) 2. Call 9-1-1 or send for help (critical) Severe Bleeding 3. Put on latex gloves 4. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 5. With clean cloth, use palm of hand to apply firm direct pressure over wound (critical) 6. If an elastic bandage is handy, use it to secure the pad tightly over the source of blood 7. Put fresh dressing on as they become soaked 8. Do NOT remove soaked bandages - clotting agent (critical) 9. When bleeding stops, secure pad firmly using wide bandage tied snugly or elastice band 10. Periodically check for circulation – feeling, color, warmth 11. A tourniquet is NOT required in this scenario and must NOT be used (critical) 12. Treat for shock (critical) Shock (critical) 13. Eliminate the cause & summon aid (see above) 14. Monitor airway / breathing 15. Allow person to lie where they are 16. Raise feet ~12” (blood to vital organs)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 4 17. Prevent heat loss by covering victim Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 11, 18 & 89

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 5 2. Compound Broken Upper Arm w/ Light Bleeding (Humerus)

SCENARIO: Victim was climbing on folding chair/bench in a REMOTE cabin and fell breaking upper arm. The victim must walk ½ mile to the nearest road. EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Folding chair/bench #2  Drop cloth (at least 10’x12’ 3mil)  Victim to wear long sleeve shirt to be cut  ALL participants to wear “old” clothes and Latex gloves #1  Blood and Compound upper arm moulage #3 PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply bleeding compound humerus fracture moulage  Mist face with “sweat” Hand about 3” above elbow VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and guarding wound that is moderately bleeding 2. Hold arm in a “slinged” position using good hand until team takes over 3. Remain relatively calm but don’t let team touch the arm until they “talk you down” 4. Lightly pump reservoir to simulate light bleeding (light and infrequent) 5. Scream every time upper arm is allowed to move. Team should hold arm above and below break to minimize movement 6. Stop pumping blood once splint is applied

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Call 9-1-1 or send for help Bleeding 3. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 4. Control bleeding a. Apply sterile or clean and dry dressing around the wound (similar to an embedded object), bleeding is NOT severe enough to warrant use of direct pressure on wound b. Do NOT use direct pressure to stop bleeding, as that could move the bone (critical) c. Do NOT try to clean wound (critical) Compound fracture 5. Minimize movement by supporting the arm above and below the break until complete 6. Check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color 7. Apply Cravat bandage (picture above) a. Pad splints with soft material b. Secure splints with bandages, tieing at least 1 above and 1 below injured area (#1) c. Do NOT tie the bandages directly over the injury itself (critical) d. Extend splint beyond the joint above the shoulder and below the elbow (critical) e. Support lower arm using standard sling (#2) f. Immobilize arm by securing splint to chest with wide cravat bandage (critical) (#3) 8. Re-check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color Shock 9. Treat for shock by monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during transport Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 42, 43 & 47 First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 6 3. Full-Thickness Third Degree Burns on Lower Leg (Arm) & Shock

SCENARIO: Victim uses gas to burn leaves and there is a backflash burning his leg (arm)

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Clean empty gas can  Drop cloth  Victim to wear pants (or shirt) with burnt and charred pant leg (arm)  ALL participants to wear “old” clothes  Derma-crisp or other charred skin moulage  Burn ointment and butter

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply 3rd degree moulage (Derma-crisp) Allow to dry/set before putting pants (shirt) on  Apply shock moulage pale or blue-tinged skin tone to face  Mist face with “sweat” to forehead and above upper lip

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you moaning in pain on the ground next to the gas can 2. SHOCK - Remain conscious but delirious as oxygen deprivation in the brain causes you to become confused and disoriented, fast rate of breathing 3. Do NOT answer questions (delirious), at 2 minutes go into shock (weak, shiver) 4. Pass out if ice pack OR very cold water is applied (room temp water will sooth the pain)

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Call 9-1-1 or send for help (critical)

Full-Thickness 3rd Degree Burn 3. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence even though delirious 4. Do not try to remove pieces of charred cloth that might be stuck to the burn (critical) 5. Relieve pain with draped damp cold cloth or cool water (critical for shock treatment) 6. Do not break blisters or apply ointments (critical) 7. Protect burn by covering it with a dry, sterile bandage 8. Team may give victim water to drink

Shock (critical) 9. Eliminate the cause & summon aid (see above) 10. Monitor airway / breathing 11. Allow person to lie where they are 12. Raise feet ~12” (blood to vital organs) 13. Prevent heat loss by covering victim

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 58

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 7 4. Compound Broken Collarbone (Clavicle) w/ Light Bleeding

SCENARIO: Victim was climbing on folding chair/bench in a REMOTE cabin and fell breaking shoulder. The victim must walk ½ mile to the nearest road. EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Folding chair/bench #1  Drop cloth NOT over  Triangular bandages & splints Clavicle  Victim to wear long sleeve shirt to be cut  ALL participants to wear “old” clothes and Latex gloves PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply bleeding compound clavicle fracture moulge #2  Mist face with “sweat” Hand slightly VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: higher than elbow 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and guarding wound - wound is lightly bleeding 2. Hold arm in a “protected slinged” position using good hand until team takes over 3. Remain relatively calm but don’t let team touch the shoulder until they “talk you down” 4. Very lightly pump reservoir to simulate mild bleeding 5. Scream every time arm is allowed to move - team should hold upper arm to minimize movement 6. Stop pumping blood once sling and dressings are applied

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Call 9-1-1 or send for help Bleeding 3. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 4. Treat bleeding a. Bleeding is NOT severe enough to warrant use of direct pressure on wound b. Apply sterile or clean and dry dressing around the wound c. Do NOT use direct pressure to stop bleeding, as that could move the bone (critical) d. Do NOT try to clean wound (critical) Compound fracture 5. Minimize movement by supporting the arm above and below the break until complete 6. Check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color 7. Apply sling (pictured above) a. Recognize splint cannot be applied (critical) b. Place the forearm in a sling c. Do NOT tie the bandages directly over the injury itself (critical) (#1) d. Tie sling so hand is raised slightly higher than the elbow e. Tie the upper arm against the side of the body with a wide cravat bandage (critical) 8. Re-check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color Shock 9. Treat for shock by monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during transport Ref: First Aid Meirt Badge book page 42, 43 & 48

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 8 5. Single-Rescuer Transport

SCENARIO: Victim is in a smoke filled building and must be moved outside , 9-1-1 has been called, the victim in breathing but weak and the scene is safe. I will tell you which single-person carry to 1) describe when to use it and 2) then demonstrate. There are NO criticals in this scenario.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Small person

PREPARATION:  None

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake but very weak. Assist only to the degree to maintain your safety.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Walking Assist: a. Best if victim is 1) conscious and has only minor injuries. b. 1) Put one of the victim’s arms around your neck. 2) Hold that hand. 3) Place your other arm around the person’s waist. c. 2. Shoulder Drag: a. Best for 1) fast; 2) short distances; 3) on a rough surface; 4) head/neck/back injury. b. 1) Firmly grab clothing behind shoulder near neck and pull headfirst. 3. Fireman Carry: a. Best for 1) longer distances; 2) if injuries allow (no spinal injury). b. 1) Place victim over your shoulder; 2) Grab their closest wrist then lift. 4. Pack-strap Carry: a. Best for 1) longer distances; 2) if injuries prevent Fireman lift. b. 1) Place victim arms over your shoulders; 2) Grab their wrists and lift. 5. Ankle Drag: a. Best for 1) fastest; 2) short distances; 3) on a smooth surface; 4) Person too heavy or large. b. Pull the person by BOTH ankles. 6. One-person Lift: a. Best for 1) someone who doesn’t weigh much; 2) No spinal injury. b. 1) Place one arm under the victim’s knees; 2) Place one arm around the upper back and lift

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 24 First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 9 6. Heatstroke (Sunstroke) w/ Shock

SCENARIO: Victim has been hauling wood in the heat of the Summer 95o, 100% humidity.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Moulge kit  Vomit (oat meal raisin cinammon w/ water), Bottled water, Sports drink  Cool water, bucket & sponges

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply red moulge to face (hot & dry)  NO sweating

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake, disoriented and panting for breath. 2. Vomit 1 minute into scenario 3. Regain orientation after responders apply 3 cooling methods 4. Ask for drinking water shortly after regaining orientation.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Activate the Emergency Response System by calling 911 (critical) 3. Move victim to cool, shaded spot 4. Lay victim down face-up with head and shoulder raised 5. Cool body temperature as quickly as possible (critical is any 3 methods to effectively cool)  Loosen tight clothing  Sponge bare skin with cold water  Soak underclothing with cool water  Drape bare skin with wet cloths  Apply cold packs wrapped in thin barrier in arm pits, against neck, groin  Use fan or manually fan victim  Move into air conditioned area  Place victim in tub of cold water 6. Give victim all the water they want when victim is able to drink. 7. Treat for Shock (critical)  Raise feet 12” (victim is already lying down)  Treat for overheating (see above) Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 55 (heatstroke) and 18 (shock)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 10 7. Hypothermia

SCENARIO: Victim was camping in a remote location during a Spring rain (air temperature is 64) while wearing a wet shirt and wet tennis shoes (nearest Ranger station is 2 hours).

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Moulge kit  Water, Hot chocolate, Fruit juice, Coffee, Water bottles labeled “Warm water”  Towels  Victim to wear shorts or other appropriate underclothing

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply white makeup to face and hands  Apply faded blue makeup to lips, fingertips and ears

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake but shivering uncontrollably and disoriented 2. Reject initial suggestions to stop and warm up 3. Stumble off the Hypothermia Challenge line as if mildly drunk (moderate unsteadiness) 4. Become sleepy and incoherent

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Summon help 3. Since conscious and able to swallow – provide warm drink 4. Do NOT provide alcohol or caffine (critical) 5. Move person into shelter 6. Remove wet clothing (critical) 7. Wrap the victim in blankets, clothing, jacket, sleeping bag, other handy wrap (critical) 8. Wrap towels around water bottles filled with warm liguid – place in armpit/groin 9. Monitor the person closely for change in condition 10. Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk 11. Do NOT rewarm the victim too quickly to avoid causing irregular or dangerous heartbeat (e.g., immersing in warm water) (critical)

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: How can you reduce the risk of hypothermia? 1. Carry rain gear 2. Keep your clothing dry 3. Dress warmly 4. Wear a hat 5. Eat plenty of energy foods 6. Don’t push yourself to the point of fatigue 7. Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 52 and Handbook 153

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 11 8. Frostbite - Severe (extends below skin level)

SCENARIO: Troop is on a winter campout and a camper approaches you wearing tennis shoes complaining that he/she can’t feel his/her toes.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Frostbite prostetic or gray and white moulage  Tennis shoes and large thermal socks  Container large enough for a foot  Warm water source (e.g., kitchen), Snow (cottonballs), gauze ~1”x1”, triangular bandages

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply Frostbite device or gray and white moulage to one or more toes

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Go to team complaining that your toes hurt but now you can’t feel them 2. Complain of pain shortly after the toes begin to be warmed (you will experience significant pain as the areas are rewarmed and blood flow reestablished)

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Remove wet clothing/shoes and wrap injured area in dry clothing or blanket 3. Do NOT massage the area or rub it with snow (critical) 4. Rewarm the area by exposing the injury to warm (100 to 105 degree) water until normal color returns and it feels warm (since there is no chance of re-freezing) 5. Bandage the area loosely after placing dry, sterile gauze between toes 6. Get victim to a physician (considered complete when they begin transport)

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: What can you do to reduce the risk of frostbite? 1. Keep head, groin and chest areas properly clothed and warm to prevent blood from shifting away from extremities 2. Adequately clothe extremities 3. If clothes become wet, change to dry garments as soon as possible

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 12 9. Stopped Breathing of an Adult

SCENARIO: Troop is on a local campout when a tree near the victim is struck by lightning.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Mouth-barrier device (one for each participant)  Resusitation/CPR Adam with multiple mouth pieces and wipes

PREPARATION:  Assemble Resusitation/CPR Adam’s lung

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Initially lay Adam on his stomach face down 2. Team finds Adam unconcious and unresponsive

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (no) & Breathing (no), Severe bleeding (o.k.)

AIRWAY 2. Protect the airway from blockage. If victim vomits, then turn victim onto side so vomit exits mouth and is not aspirated (inhaled) into lungs 3. If victim is unconcious, carefully place victim on back, protecting the head and neck 4. Open the airway by pressing on forehead with one hand and lifting chin with the other to tilt back of head

BREATHING 5. Check for breathing – cheek 1”-2” next to mouth or nose, look, listen, feel for no more than 10 seconds Evaluator: Inform team that Adam is not breathing 6. Activate the Emergency Response System by calling 911 (critical) 7. Place CPR breathing barrier over victim’s mouth 8. Give 2 rescue breaths a. Maintain head tilted b. Pinch nostrils c. Seal mouth over victim’s and blow to fill victim’s lungs (~1 sec) d. Watch to see if chest rises e. Remove mouth and give another breath 9. Check to see if breathing has resumed Evaluator: Inform team that THERE IS NO breathing 10. If still no breathing, begin CPR (critical) using a 30:2 compression to ventilation ratio Evaluator: After 10 minutes (5 min. for Novice track), inform team that you are the Paramedic and ready to take over

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 81-83 and Handbook page 164

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 13 10.Impalement of Lower Leg w/ Light Bleeding

SCENARIO: Troop is camping in the mountains when the victim trips and a stick breaks off in the leg. The drive to the nearest hospital is 1 hour.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Impailment moulage  Rolled gauze  Square gauze

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply impalement moulage to lower leg

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and guarding wound. Wound is moderately bleeding. 2. Hold leg until team takes over 3. Remain relatively calm but don’t let team touch the leg until they “talk you down” 4. Lightly pump reservoir to simulate light bleeding (light and infrequent) 5. Scream every time the stick is allowed to move 6. Stop pumping blood once guaze is applied to conserve blood

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Do NOT try to remove the object (critical) 3. Stabalize the object and control bleeding with rolled or folded gauze 4. Apply a sterile bandage 5. Transport victim to a doctor

STOP SCENARIO BEORE VICTIM IS TRANSPORTED

Ref: Merit Badge Book page 32

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 14 NOVICE SCENARIOS START HERE

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 15 1. Simple Lower Leg Fracture w/o Transport (Tibia)

SCENARIO: Victim was climbing on folding chair/bench in a REMOTE hunting cabin and fell breaking leg. The victim must be moved ½ mile to the nearest road.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Folding chair/bench #1  Victim to wear full length pants  Ice pack  Long splints  Wide bandages #2

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Molding clay shaped to mimic simple lower leg fracture  Mist face with “sweat”

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and guarding wound. Wound is not bleeding. 2. Guard leg with your hands until team calms you down and takes over 3. Remain relatively calm but don’t let team touch the leg until they “talk you down” 4. Scream every time leg is allowed to move. Team should hold upper leg to minimize movement

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Call 9-1-1 or send for help

Simple (closed) Fracture 1. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 2. Do NOT move the injured leg. Immobilize the leg in the position found. NEVER let this victim stand or walk. (critical) 3. Splint lower leg where the victim lies. a. Do NOT try to straighten or reposition the injured area (critical) b. Pad all splints with soft material to protect the skin c. Place one splint on each side of the limb and bind them together - do NOT tie directly over break (critical) d. Extend splint from the middle of thigh (#1) and past the heel (#2) (critical) e. Support the lower leg by holding on to the upper leg and ankle while splinting - avoid unnecessary movement Note: A soft splint may be applied (see Merit Badge book page 44 for details) Shock 1. Since victim must be moved, monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during transport Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 43 & 45 and Handbook 158 & 159

STOP SCENARIO BEORE VICTIM IS TRANSPORTED First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 16 2. Multi-Rescuer Transport

SCENARIO: Victim is in a smoke filled building room and must be moved outside before the fire crew arrives. 911 has been called and the victim in breathing but weak, the scene is safe. I will tell you which multi-person to a) describe when to use it and b) then demonstrate. There are NO criticals in this scenario.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Small person

PREPARATION:  None

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake but very weak. Assist only to the degree to maintain your safety.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Helping the person to walk: a. Best if victim is 1) conscious and has no signs of serious injury. b. 1) Put one of the victim’s arms around each rescuer’s neck. 2) Hold their hands. 3) Place your other arm around the person’s waist.

2. Four-handed seat: a. Best for 1) no equipment available; 2) victim conscious and CAN hold on. b. 1) Interlock hands as shown; 2) victim sits on “seat”.

3. Two-handed seat: a. Best for 1) no equipment available; 2) victim conscious and CANNOT hold on; 3) not seriously injured. b. 1) Place one arm around victim’s waist onto the other’s shoulder; 2) lock other arms beneath victim’s legs.

4. Chair carry: a. Best for 1) carrying an injured person up stairs or in narrow winding spaces. b. 1) Victim sits in chair; 2) rescuers lift and move.

5. Hammock carry: a. Best for 1) three to six rescuers available; 2) victim is unconscious; 3) carry longer distances. b. Rescuers stand on either side of victim and lock hands under victim as shown; 2) coordinate the lift. Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 26 & 27 and Handbook 175

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 17 3. Hypothermia

SCENARIO: Victim was camping in a remote location during a Spring rain (air temperature is 64) while wearing a wet shirt and wet tennis shoes (nearest Ranger station is 2 hours).

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Moulge kit  Water, Hot chocolate, Fruit juice, Coffee, Water bottles labeled “Warm water”  Towels  Victim to wear shorts or other appropriate underclothing

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply white makeup to face and hands  Apply faded blue makeup to lips, fingertips and ears

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake but shivering uncontrollably and disoriented 2. Reject initial suggestions to stop and warm up 3. Stumble off the Hypothermia Challenge line as if mildly drunk (moderate unsteadiness) 4. Become sleepy and incoherent

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Conscious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Summon help 3. Since conscious and able to swallow – provide warm drink 4. Do NOT provide alcohol or caffine (critical) 5. Move person into shelter 6. Remove wet clothing (critical) 7. Wrap the victim in blankets, clothing, jacket, sleeping bag, other handy wrap (critical) 8. Wrap towels around water bottles filled with warm liquid – place in armpit/groin 9. Monitor the person closely for change in condition 10. Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk 11. Do NOT rewarm the victim too quickly to avoid causing irregular or dangerous heartbeat (e.g., immersing in warm water) (critical)

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: How can you reduce the risk of hypothermia? 8. Carry rain gear 9. Keep your clothing dry 10. Dress warmly 11. Wear a hat 12. Eat plenty of energy foods 13. Don’t push yourself to the point of fatigue 14. Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 18 4. Partial-Thickness (Second Degree) Burn – Scalding

SCENARIO: Troop is camping when a pot of hot water is spilled on the cook.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Butter, cream or ointment  Red moulage  Blister material  Large gauze bandage  Pot - empty

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply red moulage and bilsters to hand

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Go to team complaining that your hand really hurts 2. Be cooperative

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Remove victim from source of burn 3. Cool the area with cold, running water or applying wet cloths until pain is relieved 4. Let the injury dry, then protect it with a loosely applied gauze or bandage 5. Do NOT break blisters (critical) 6. Do NOT treat with jellies or cream – they slow healing process and are difficult to remove (critical)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 19 5. Sprained Ankle – In Camp

SCENARIO: Troop is camping about 8 miles from nearest Ranger station when a camper falls and twists his ankle. The Troop is not scheduled to leave for a week.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Ice packs  Victim wearing hiking boots  Triangular bandages  Red, Green, Purple, Blue and Yellow bruise moulage  Bruise powder

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply red makeup, blending blue and green to show bruising to ankle.

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you awake and responsive, moaning and guarding wound 2. Guard ankle with your hands until team calms you down and takes over 3. Remain relatively calm but don’t let team touch the ankle until they “talk you down” 4. Scream every time ankle is allowed to move. Team should hold leg to minimize movement.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 2. Have victim take weight off ankle 3. Apply ice packs wrapped in cloth 4. Wrap the injury with an elastic bandage snug enough to provide support, but not so tight that it cuts off circulation (can slip a couple of fingers under it) (critical) 5. Raise the limb

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: What is the maximum time to ice the wound and how long do you have to wait before reapplying ice? 1. Apply ice to the affected area no longer than 20 minutes and, if continued icing is required, remove the pack for 20 minutes before reapplying

STOP SCENARIO BEORE VICTIM IS TRANSPORTED

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 39 and Handbook page 154

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 20 6. Stopped Breathing

SCENARIO: Troop is on a local campout when a tree near the victim is struck by lightning.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Mouth-barrier device (one for each participant)  Resuscitation/CPR Adam with multiple mouth pieces and wipes

PREPARATION:  Assemble Resuscitation/CPR Adam’s lung

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Initially lay Adam on his stomach face down 2. Team finds Adam unconscious and unresponsive

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Conscious (no) & Breathing (no), Severe bleeding (o.k.)

AIRWAY 2. Protect the airway from blockage. If victim vomits, then turn victim onto side so vomit exits mouth and is not aspirated (inhaled) into lungs 3. If victim is unconscious, carefully place victim on back, protecting the head and neck 4. Open the airway by pressing on forehead with one hand and lifting chin with the other to tilt back of head

BREATHING 5. Check for breathing – cheek 1”-2” next to mouth or nose, look, listen, feel for no more than 10 seconds Evaluator: Inform team that Adam is not breathing 6. Activate the Emergency Response System by calling 911 (critical) 7. Place CPR breathing barrier over victim’s mouth 8. Give 2 rescue breaths a. Maintain head tilted b. Pinch nostrils c. Seal mouth over victim’s and blow to fill victim’s lungs (~1 sec) d. Watch to see if chest rises e. Remove mouth and give another breath 9. Check to see if breathing has resumed Evaluator: Inform team that THERE IS NO breathing 10. If still no breathing, begin CPR (critical) using a 30:2 compression to ventilation ratio Evaluator: After 10 minutes (5 min. for Novice track), inform team that you are the Paramedic and ready to take over

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 81-83 and Handbook page 164

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 21 7. Nosebleed

SCENARIO: Troop is on a campout when the patrol finds victim laying.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Stage blood (thick, mint flavored is optional)  Wash cloth  Water

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply blood to just under a nostril and on index finger

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Team finds you concious, laying on your back but agitated because you are bleeding. 2. If asked, you hit yourself in the nose when breaking a stick.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence 2. Have victim sit up and lean forward to prevent blood from draining into his/her throat. 3. Ask victim to pinch the nostrils together firmly but gently. (critical) 4. After 10 minutes, have the person slowly release the nose pinch 5. Tell them not to irritate, blow or pick their nose for several hours

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: When should you seek medical attention for a nosebleed? 1. If the bleeding continues for more than 15 minutes

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 69 and Scout Handbook page 138

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 22 8. Blister - Foot

SCENARIO: Troop is at summer camp and a scout develops a blister on his foot.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Alcohol swabs  InstaBlister OR Vasaline and Kleenex  Moleskin or Blister Gel Pad / 2nd Skin  Alcohol swabs  Sterile bandage approximately 1” x 1”  Pin (safety) – tip cut off  Lighter  Small scissors

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply InstaBlister or Vaseline/Kleenex moulage on pad of foot

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Complain of a “hot spot” on the ball of your foot.

EXPECTED RESPONSE: Since basic camping activities might not break the blister: 1. Do NOT pop the blister (critical) 2. Wash the skin in case it breaks 3. Apply moleskin or gel pad on hot spot to relieve pressure. (critical) 4. Instruct victim to change the moleskin/gel pad everyday

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: When is the only time you should drained or pricked open a blister? Answer: Only when the activity must continue and the blister is likely to break open

Ref: First Aid Merit Badge book page 36 and Scout Handbook page 137

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 23 9. Frostbite (extends below skin level)

SCENARIO: Troop is on a winter campout and a camper approaches you wearing tennis shoes complaining that he/she can’t feel his/her toes.

EQUIPMENT/PROPS:  Frostbite prosthetic or gray and white moulage  Tennis shoes and large thermal socks  Container large enough for a foot  Warm water source (e.g., kitchen), Snow (cottonballs), gauze ~1”x1”, triangular bandages

PREPARATION (moulage required):  Apply Frostbite device or gray and white moulage to one or more toes

VICTIM INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Go to team complaining that your toes hurt but now you can’t feel them 2. Complain of pain shortly after the toes begin to be warmed (you will experience significant pain as the areas are rewarmed and blood flow reestablished)

EXPECTED RESPONSE: 1. Determine scene is Safe, check Conscious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.) 2. Remove wet clothing/shoes and wrap injured area in dry clothing or blanket 3. Do NOT massage the area or rub it with snow (critical) 4. Rewarm the area by exposing the injury to warm (100 to 105 degree) water until normal color returns and it feels warm (since there is no chance of re-freezing) 5. Bandage the area loosely after placing dry, sterile gauze between toes 6. Get victim to a physician (considered complete when they begin transport)

Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: What can you do to reduce the risk of frostbite? 1. Keep head, groin and chest areas properly clothed and warm to prevent blood from shifting away from extremities 2. Adequately clothe extremities 3. If clothes become wet, change to dry garments as soon as possible

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 24 SCORECARDS START HERE

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 25 ADVANCED STATION 1 – SEVERE BLEEDING

Unit: Patrol: Total Points:

Severe Bleeding - Lacerated Forearm w/ Arterial Bleeding & Shock (15 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (yes)  Call 9-1-1 or send for help (critical)  Put on latex gloves  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  With clean cloth, use palm of hand to apply firm direct pressure over wound (critical)  Secure the pad tightly over the source of blood using an elastic bandage  Put fresh dressing on as they become soaked. Soaked bandages should not be removed  Do NOT remove soaked bandages - clotting agent (critical)  When bleeding stops, secure pad firmly using wide bandage tied snugly or elastice band  Periodically check for circulation – feeling, color, warmth  A tourniquet is NOT required in this scenario and must NOT be used (critical) Treat for shock by:  Monitor airway / breathing  Allow person to lie where they are  Raise feet ~12” (blood to vital organs) (critical)  Prevent heat loss by covering victim (critical)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 26 ADVANCED STATION 2 – COMPOUND BROKEN ARM

Compound Broken Upper Arm w/ Light Bleeding (Humerus) (11 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Call 9-1-1 or send for help  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  Apply sterile or clean and dry dressing around the wound, bleeding is NOT severe enough to warrant use of direct pressure on wound  Do NOT use direct pressure to stop bleeding, as that could move the bone (critical)  Do NOT try to clean wound (critical)  Minimize movement by supporting the arm above and below the break until complete  Check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color  Apply Cravat bandage (pictured) a. Pad splints with soft material #2 b. Secure splints with bandages, tieing at least 1 above and 1 below injured area (#1) #1 c. Do NOT tie the bandages directly over the injury itself (critical) #3 d. Extend splint beyond the joint above the shoulder and below the elbow (critical) e. Support lower arm 3” above level using standard sling (#2) Hand about 3” f. Immobilize arm by securing splint to chest above elbow with wide cravat bandage (critical) (#3)  Re-check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color  Treat for shock by monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during pending transport

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 27 ADVANCED STATION 3 – THIRD DEGREE BURN

Full-Thickness Third Degree Burns on Lower Leg (Arm) & Shock (12 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Call 9-1-1 or send for help (critical)  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence even though delirious  Do not try to remove pieces of charred cloth that might be stuck to the burn. (critical)  Relieve pain with draped damp cold cloth or cool water (critical for shock treatment)  Do not break blisters or apply ointments (critical)  Protect burn by draping it with a dry, sterile bandage  Team may give victim water to drink

Treat for shock by:  Monitor airway / breathing  Allow person to lie where they are  Raise feet ~12” (blood to vital organs) (critical)  Prevent heat loss by covering victim (critical).

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 28 ADVANCED STATION 4 – COMPOUND BROKEN SHOULDER

Compound Broken Collarbone (Clavicle) w/ Light Bleeding (9 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Call 9-1-1 or send for help  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  Treat bleeding a. Bleeding is NOT severe enough to warrant use of direct pressure on wound b. Apply sterile or clean and dry dressing around the wound c. Do NOT use direct pressure to stop bleeding, as that could move the bone (critical) d. Do NOT try to clean wound (critical)  Minimize movement by supporting the arm above and below the break until complete  Check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color #1 NOT over  Apply sling (pictured) Clavicle a. Recognize splint cannot be applied (critical) b. Place the forearm in a sling c. Do NOT tie the bandages directly over the injury itself (critical) (#1) d. Tie sling so hand is raised slightly Hand slightly higher than elbow higher than the elbow e. Tie the upper arm against the side of the body with a wide cravat bandage (critical)  Re-check for circulation – feeling, warmth, color  Treat for shock by monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during transport

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 29 ADVANCED STATION 5 – SINGLE-RESCUER TRANSPORT

Single-Rescuer Transport (Six Methods) – has NO criticals (6 pts) Evaluator – Award 1 point for each method if team knows majority of when best to use the carry and successfully demonstrates the carry.

Walking Assist: Best for  victim who is conscious  has only minor injuries Procedure  Put one of the victim’s arms around your neck.  Hold that hand.  Place your other arm around the person’s waist.

Shoulder Drag: Best for  fast;  short distances;  on a rough surface;  suspect head/neck/back injury. Procedure  Firmly grab clothing behind shoulder near neck and pull headfirst.

Fireman Carry: Best for  longer distances;  if injuries allow (e.g., no spinal injury). Procedure  Place victim over your shoulder;  Grab their closest wrist then lift.

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 30 ADVANCED STATION 5 – SINGLE-RESCUER TRANSPORT cont.

Pack-strap carry: Best for  longer distances;  if injuries prevent Fireman lift. Procedure  Place victim arms over your shoulders  Grab their wrists and lift.

Ankle Drag: Best for  fast;  short distances;  on a smooth surface. Procedure  Pull the person by BOTH ankles.

One-person lift: Best for  someone who doesn’t weigh much  no spinal injury Procedure  Place one arm under the victim’s knees;  Place one arm around the upper back and lift.

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 31 ADVANCED STATION 6 – HEATSTROKE W/ SHOCK

Heat Stroke (Sunstroke) w/ Shock (8 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Activate the Emergency Response System by calling 911 (critical)  Move victim to cool, shaded spot  Lay victim down face-up with head and shoulder raised  Cool body temperature as quickly as possible (critical is any 3 methods to effectively cool) • Loosen tight clothing • Sponge bare skin with cold water • Soak underclothing with cool water • Drape bare skin with wet cloths • Apply cold packs wrapped in thin barrier in arm pits, against neck, groin • Use fan or manually fan victim • Move into air conditioned area • Place victim in tub of cold water  Give victim all the water they want when victim is able to drink

Treat for Shock  Raise feet 12” (victim is already lying down) (critical)  Treat for overheating (see above) (critical)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 32 ADVANCED STATION 7 / NOVICE STATION 3 – HYPOTHERMIA

Unit: Circle One: Advanced / Novice Patrol: Total Points:

Hypothermia (12 pts including bonus question)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Summon help  Since conscious and able to swallow – provide warm drink  Do NOT provide alcohol or caffine. (critical)  Move person into shelter  Remove wet clothing (critical)  Wrap the victim in blankets, clothing, jacket, sleeping bag, other handy wrap (critical)  Wrap towels around water bottles filled with warm liguid – place in armpit/groin  Monitor the person closely for change in condition  Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk  Do NOT rewarm the victim too quickly to avoid causing irregular or dangerous heartbeat (e.g., immersing in warm water) (critical)

Question for 1 point Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: How can you reduce the risk of hypothermia?  Answer (only need 3 reasonable answers) 1. Carry rain gear 2. Keep your clothing dry 3. Dress warmly 4. Wear a hat 5. Eat plenty of energy foods 6. Don’t push yourself to the point of fatigue 7. Check to see if others in the area or your group are at risk

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 33 ADVANCED STATION 8 / NOVICE STATION 9 – FROSTBITE (SEVERE)

Frostbite (extends below skin level) (7 pts including bonus question)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Remove wet clothing and wrap injured area in dry clothing or blanket  Do NOT massage the area or rub it with snow (critical)  Rewarm the area by exposing the injury to warm (100 to 105 degree) water until normal color returns and it feels warm  Bandage the area loosely after placing dry, sterile gauze between toes  Get victim to a physician (considered complete when they begin transport)

Question for 1 point Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: What can you do to reduce the risk of frostbite?  Answer (need 3 of 3): . Keep head, groin and chest areas properly clothed and warm to prevent blood from shifting away from extremities . Adequately clothe extremities . If clothes become wet, change to dry garments as soon as possible

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 34 ADVANCED STATION 9 / NOVICE STATION 6 – STOPPED BREATHING

Stopped Breathing (11 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (no) & Breathing (no), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Protect the airway from blockage. If victim vomits, then turn victim onto side so vomit exits mouth and is not aspirated (inhaled) into lungs  If victim is unconcious, carefully place victim on back, protecting the head and neck  Open the airway by pressing on forehead with one hand and lifting chin with the other to tilt back of head  Check for breathing – cheek 1”-2” next to mouth or nose, look, listen, feel for no more than 10 seconds Evaluator: Inform team that Adam is not breathing  Activate the Emergency Response System by calling 911. (critical)  Place CPR breathing barrier over victim’s mouth  Give 2 rescue breaths a. Maintain head tilted b. Pinch nostrils c. Seal mouth over victim’s and blow to fill victim’s lungs (~1 sec) d. Watch to see if chest rises e. Remove mouth and give another breath  Check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds Evaluator: Inform team that THERE IS a pulse  If still no breathing, begin rescure breathing (1 breath every 3 seconds) (critical)  Check for pulse every 2 minutes

Evaluator: After 10 minutes (5 min. for Novice track), inform team that you are the Paramedic and ready to take over

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 35 ADVANCED STATION 10 – IMPAILMENT OF LOWER LEG

Impailment of Lower Leg w/ Light Bleeding (5 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Do NOT try to remove the object (critical)  Stabalize the object and control bleeding with rolled or folded gauze  Apply a sterile bandage  Transport victim to a doctor

STOP SCENARIO BEFORE VICTIM IS TRANSPORTED

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 36 NOVICE STATION 1 – SIMPLE FRACTUR OF LOWER LEG

Simple Lower Leg Fracture w/o Transport (Tibia) (10 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Call 9-1-1 or send for help  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  Do NOT move the injured leg. Immobilize the leg in the position found. NEVER let this victim #1 stand or walk. (critical) Splint lower leg where the victim lies  Do NOT try to straighten or reposition the injured area (critical) #2  Pad all splints with soft material to protect the skin  Place one splint on each side of the limb and bind them together - do NOT tie directly over break (critical)  Extend splint from the middle of thigh (#1) and past the heel (#2) (critical)  Support the lower leg by holding on to the upper leg and ankle while splinting - avoid unnecessary movement Note: A soft splint may be applied (see Merit Badge book page 44 for details)  Treat for shock. Since victim must be moved, monitoring breathing and preventing heat loss during transport

STOP SCENARIO BEFORE VICTIM IS TRANSPORTED

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 37 NOVICE STATION 2 – MULTI-RESCUER TRANSPORT Unit: Patrol: Total Points: Multi-Rescuer Transport (Five Methods) – has NO criticals (5 pts) Evaluator – Award 1 point for each method if team knows majority of when best to use the carry and successfully demonstrates the carry. Helping the person to walk: Best if  victim is conscious and has no signs of serious injury Procedure  Put one of the victim’s arms around each rescuer’s neck.  Hold their hand.  Place your other arm around the person’s waist. Four-handed seat: Best for  no equipment available;  victim conscious and CAN hold on. Procedure  Interlock hands as shown;  victim sits on “seat”. Two-handed seat: Best for  no equipment available;  victim conscious and CANNOT hold on  not seriously injured Procedure  Place one arm around victim’s waist onto the other’s shoulder;  lock other arms beneath victim’s legs. Chair carry: Best for  carrying an injured person up stairs OR  in narrow winding spaces. Procedure  Victim sits in chair;  rescuers lift and move. Hammock carry: Best for  three to six rescuers available;  victim is unconscious;  carry longer distances. Procedure  Rescuers stand on either side of victim and lock hands under victim as shown;  coordinate the lift.

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 38 NOVICE STATION 4 – SECOND DEGREE BURN

Partial-Thickness (Second Degree) Burn – Scalding (6 pts)  Determine scene is Safe, check Concious (o.k.) & Breathing (o.k.), Severe bleeding (o.k.)  Remove victim from source of burn  Cool the area with cold, running water or applying wet cloths until pain is relieved  Let the burn dry, then protect it with a loosely applied gauze or bandage  Do NOT break blisters (critical)  Do NOT treat with jellies or cream – they slow healing process and are difficult to remove (critical)

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 39 NOVICE STATION 5 – SPRAINED ANKLE

Sprained Ankle (6 pts including bonus question)  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  Have victim take weight off ankle  Apply ice packs wrapped in cloth  Wrap the injury with an elastic bandage snug enough to provide support, but not so tight that it cuts off circulation (can slip a couple of fingers under it) (critical)  Raise the limb

Question for 1 point Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: What is the maximum time to ice the wound and how long do you have to wait before reapplying ice?  Answer: Apply ice to the affected area no longer than 20 minutes and, if continued icing is required, remove the pack for 20 minutes before reapplying

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 40 NOVICE STATION 7 – NOSEBLEED

Nosebleed (5 pts)  Calm the victim down and gain his/her confidence  Have victim sit up and lean forward to prevent blood from draining into his/her throat.  Ask victim to pinch the nostrils together firmly but gently. (critical)  After 10 minutes, have the person slowly release the nose pinch  Tell them not to irritate, blow or pick their nose for several hours

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 41 NOVICE STATION 8 – BLISTER

Blister – Foot (5 pts including bonus question)  Do NOT pop the blister (critical)  Wash the skin in case it breaks  Apply moleskin or gel pad on hot spot to relieve pressure (critical)  Instruct victim to change the moleskin/gel pad everyday

Question for 1 point Evaluator to ask after team finishes the scenario above: When is the only time you should drained or pricked open a blister?  Answer: When the activity must continue and the blister is likely to break open

First Aid Scenarios3_First Aid Rally 2010Feb06.doc 42