LISTENING 8th FORM 2017 The stronger man Many, many years ago there was a man in England who was very strong. Everyone knew him. He often said, "If I ever meet anyone who is stronger than I am, I'm going to give him all the money in my purse." One day as he was riding somewhere, his horse lost a shoe. When the man came to the nearest town, he asked for someone who could shoe his horse. The smith in that town was very strong, too. The man told the smith to bring him some of the best horseshoes he had. When the smith brought him some horseshoes, the strong man looked at them, took one of them and said, "This is a bad shoe. It's no good for my horse. Haven't you got anything better? Look!" And he took it in his strong hands and broke it easily. The smith looked at him, but said nothing. Then he brought another horseshoe. The man took it and broke it as easily as the first one. The smith brought him a third one. The strong man broke it too and then said, "I see that you haven't got any good horseshoes. Don't you see that I need something really good for my horse? Bring me one more and I'll go." The smith brought a fourth shoe and the strong man gave him some coins. The smith looked at the coins, took one and said, "This is a bad coin. Haven't you got anything better? Look!" He took the coin between his fingers and broke it into two. It was now the strong man's turn to be surprised. He didn't say anything, but gave the smith another coin. The smith broke it, too. The man gave him a third coin. The smith broke it like the first two and said, "I see that you haven't got any good coins. Don't you see that I need some really good ones? So give me one more and we'll be quits." The strong man looked at him and said, "I've promised to give my purse to anyone I meet, who is stronger than I am. Here it is. Take it! It's yours now."

Vocabulary purse — гаманець shoe (тут) — підкова, підковувати smith — коваль be quits — розрахуватися (з кимось) Аудіювання, 8 клас Directions: In this Test you will carefully listen to a text read aloud twice. The text is followed by 20 tasks. You should do tasks 1 through 10 following the first reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text. The text will be read a second time and you should do tasks 11 through 20 following the second reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

Завдання 1. Directions: Statements 1 through 10 (decide if the statements are True or False): 1. Once upon a time there was a man who was very strong. 2. When he was riding somewhere he lost his shoe. 3. In the nearest town the man asked to sell him a horse. 4. The strong man took the first horseshoe and broke it easily. 5. The man couldn’t broke the second horseshoe. 6. The man liked the fourth horseshoe and bought it. 7. The strong man gave him a coin. 8. The smith took the coin and broke it into two. 9. The strong man became very angry. 10. The strong man gave to the smith his purse.

Завдання 2. Directions: Statements 11 through 20 CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWERS a,b,c 11. There was a man in England a) who was very strong. b) who was very brave. c) who was very clever. 12. As the strong man was riding somewhere one day a) he lost his shoe. b) his horse lost a shoe. c) his horse lost his shoes. 13. When the man came to the nearest town a) He asked for someone who could shoe his horse. b) He asked for someone who could buy his horse. c) He asked for someone who could sell him a shoe. 14.When the strong man looked at the horseshoes the smith brought him, a) he took one of them and threw it away. b) he took one of them and asked the smith to shoe his horse. c) he took one of them and broke it. 15. When the strong man broke the shoe, a) the smith got angry. b) the smith said nothing. c) the smith started fighting with the man 16. The strong man broke a) all the shoes the smith brought. b) two shoes. c) three shoes. 17. When the man gave the smith a coin, a) the smith broke it into two. b) the smith asked for another one. c) the smith threw it away. 18. The smith broke a) as many coins as the man had broken horseshoes. b) more coins than the man had broken horseshoes. c) fewer coins than the man had broken horseshoes. 19. When the man saw that the smith had broken his coin, a) he was angry. b) he was surprised. c) he was glad. 20. The strong man looked at the smith and a) gave his purse to him. b) began to cry. c) went away. Reading Comprehension 8th Form Directions: In this Test you will read five texts. Each text is followed by 6 tasks. You should do the tasks following a text on the basis of what is stated or implied in that text. For each task you will choose the best possible answer from four possible answers (A, B, C, or D), or two symbols (+ or -) as specified prior to each task. Some sections ask you to write the number of a blank place in the text. Choose the best answer and mark the letter, symbol, or number of your choice.

Text 1: From The Age of Invention, a Chronicle of Mechanical Conquest by Holland Thompson Glossary: to baptize – хрестити luxury – розкіш On Milk Street, in Boston, opposite the Old South Church, lived Josiah Franklin, a maker of soap and candles. He had come to Boston with his wife about the year 1682 from the community of Ecton, Northamptonshire, England, where his family had lived on a small piece of land for about three hundred years. His English wife had died, leaving him seven children, and he had married a colonial girl, Abiah Folger, whose father, Peter Folger, was well-known in early Massachusetts. Josiah Franklin was fifty-one and his wife Abiah thirty-nine, when the first famous American inventor was born in their house on Milk Street, January 17, 1706. He was their eighth child and Josiah’s tenth son and was baptized Benjamin. What little we know of Benjamin's childhood is contained in his “Autobiography”, which the world has accepted as one of its best books and which was the first American book to be so accepted. In the crowded household, where thirteen children grew to manhood and womanhood, there were no luxuries. Benjamin’s period of formal schooling was less than two years, though he could never remember the time when he could not read, and at the age of ten he was put to work in his father's shop.

Section 1. Questions 1-6 refer to Text 1. Circle A, B, C, or D.

1. What did Benjamin Franklin’s father do for a living? A.A. He was an inventor. A.B.He was a teacher. A.C.He made candles and soap. A.D. He was a farmer.

2. Where was Benjamin’s father born? A.A. on Milk street A.B.in England A.C.in Massachusetts A.D. in Boston

3. Benjamin Franklin was born in: A.A. the winter. A.B.the spring. A.C.the summer. A.D. the fall.

4. The Franklin family can best be described as: A.A. small and rich A.B.big and rich A.C.small and poor A.D. big and poor

5. From whom do we know about Benjamin Franklin’s early life? A.A. from Benjamin Franklin’s book about his life A.B.from Benjamin’s teachers A.C.from Benjamin’s children A.D. from Benjamin’s brother’s and sisters

Text 2 SAND AND STONE A story tells that two friends were walking through the desert. During the journey they had an argument, and one friend slapped the other one in the face. The one who got slapped was hurt, but without saying anything, wrote in the sand: “Today my best friend slapped me in the face”. They kept on walking until they found an oasis, where they decided to take a bath. The one, who had been slapped, got stuck in the mire and started drowning, but the friend saved him. After the friend recovered from the near drowning, he wrote on a stone: “Today my best friend saved my life”. The friend who had slapped and saved his best friend asked him, “After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now, you write on a stone, why? The other friend replied: “When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can erase it away. But, when someone does something good for us, we must engrave it in stone where no wind can ever erase it”.

Decide if the sentences are true (+) or false (-): 6. The two friends had a job in the desert. 7. Once the men quarreled among themselves. 8. When one man slapped his friend in the hand, another did the same. 9. They reached the sea and decided to have a swim. 10. The man who had been slapped never forgave his friend.

Text 3 How can animals live in a desert? There is almost no water in a desert, but many animals can live in deserts. How do these animals get water and stay alive? Everything is hot and dry in the daytime, but the nights are cold. Plants often have dew on them in the early morning. This is because cold air can’t hold as much water as hot air. Small insects can drink the dew, and bigger animals eat the plants with the dew on them. Small birds and animals get water from the bodies of insects. Bigger birds and animals get water from the bodies of small animals. There is a North American bird which is called a roadrunner. It runs fast and catches small snakes, lizards and scorpions. Most big animals can’t live in the desert because they need a few liters of water every day. They can’t keep water in their bodies for a long time. But camels are different. They can drink 90 liters of water in ten minutes, and then drink nothing for a week.

Circle the correct variant (a, b or c)

11. Deserts are places with……. a) no animals b) a lot of plants c) not much water

12. It is …… in the desert. a) always hot b) cold at night c) usually wet in the daytime

13. Insects can drink when……. a) there is dew b) the sun goes down c) bigger animals eat

14. Roadrunners get water when they …….. a) eat small animals b) catch insets c)find plants

15. Most big animals ………water every day. a) do not drink b) need some c) drink 90 liters of Listening 9th form 2017

Keep On Dancing

After forty-five minutes of dancing the bell rang. The dancers left the dance floor and slowly headed for the beds in the next room. Fifteen minutes later, the bell rang again and the weary dancers straggled back to the dance floor. All day and all night, the same dancers continued to dance. Weeks passed and they kept on dancing. They were called dance marathons and people were crazy about them in the 1930s. In the longest marathon, the dancing went on for 5,148 hours or nearly 215 days. It was just after the stock market crash of 1929 in the United States. The Great Depression that followed affected everyone, and thousands of people were out of jobs. For some young people, entering a dance marathon was simply a way to earn money for food. As long as they continued to dance, they got food to eat.

The first 500 hours of a dance marathon were the most difficult. Dancers had to get used to sleeping while leaning on their partners. Feet got sore and swollen, and tempers flared as dancers got tired. Three times a day, tables were pulled out onto the dance floor and the dancers ate — while dancing.

For many people, watching a dance marathon was a cheap form of entertainment. At any time of day or night they could go and watch the dancers in the marathon. They yelled and threw money at their favorite dancers to encourage them to keep dancing. Some made bets on who would quit or fall down next.

Dancers in a marathon were pushed to their limits. Without proper sleep, many got sick. When several dancers died from overexertion in а І929 dance marathon, government officials tried unsuccessfully to outlaw marathons. Instead, marathons continued to be popular until the United States entered World War II. The wartime economy brought the country out of the Depression and people finally began to lose interest in dance marathons. Завдання 1. Directions: Statements 1 through 10 (decide if the statements are True or False): 1. Nowadays, people are crazy about dance marathons. 2. In the longest marathon, the dancing went on for nearly seven months. 3. Dance marathons appeared during the Great Depression. 4. Entering a dance marathon was a way to become rich. 5. Professional dancers only had a right to participate in a marathon. 6. Watching a dance marathon was an expensive form of entertainment, 7. Bets were made on who would quit or fall down next. 8. Several dancers died from indigestion in 1929. 9. Government officials outlawed marathons when “the USA entered World War 10. People finally began to lose .interest in dance marathons in the 1990s.

Завдання 2. Directions: Questions 11 through 20 (choose the correct letter a, b, c ): 11. How long did hourly breaks last? a) Five minutes; b) ten minutes; c) fifteen minutes.

12. When did people become crazy about dance marathons? a) In the 1920s; b) in the 1930s; c) in the 1940s.

13. When did the US stock market crash? a) In 1929; b) in 1930; c) in 2001.

14. How long did the longest dance marathon last? a) 115 days; b) 215 days; c) 250 days.

15. What did the dancers get as long as they participate in the contest? a) Bed and breakfast; b) free meals; c) pocket money.

16. When could people watch the dancers in the marathon? a) At any time of day or night; b) in the evening; c) at night.

17. What did spectators throw at their favorite dancers? a) Some food; b) some towels; c) some money.

18. Why did several dancers die? a) They got poisoned; b) they got exhausted; c) they got bribed.

19. Did the government ban dance marathons? a) Yes, it did; b) no, it did not; c) it failed.

20. Why did people finally begin to lose interest in dance marathons? a) The USA entered World War II; b) people became fed up with them; c) the marathons were outlawed. Reading, 9th form Directions: In this Test you will read three texts. Each text is followed by 5 tasks. Text 1 PENICILLIN - THE MIRACLE DRUG In 1928, Alexander Fleming, a Scottish doctor and scientist, was working at a hospital in London. He was trying to find ways to fight bacteria. At that time many people died because of bacterial infections; sometimes from very small cuts. Fleming was studying dangerous bacteria called staphylococci. He was in a hurry because he was going to go on holiday, so he forgot to wash all his equipment in the laboratory before he left. There was one dish in which staphylococci was-growing. When Fleming came back from holiday a few weeks later, he noticed that there was something in the dish. He didn't know what the thing was, but he saw that it was stopping the harmful staphylococci bacteria from growing. Fleming called it penicillin. He knew that penicillin could be an important discovery, and so he did some experiments with it. However, Fleming was not a chemist and he found it difficult to make pure penicillin. He asked some scientific colleagues to help him, but nobody seemed interested in producing penicillin. Fleming had to wait more than ten years before two brilliant scientists, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain finally found an easy way to produce the drug. By May 1940, Florey's research team had enough penicillin to experiment with animals for the first time. In a simple experiment they gave a dangerous bacterium to eight mice. One hour later, they gave penicillin to only four of the mice. After a few hours the four mice with penicillin were fine, but the other four were all dead! When Florey heard of the result the next day he said, "It looks like a miracle!" During World War II penicillin saved many lives, and in 1945 Fleming, Florey and Chain won the Nobel Prize for medicine. Multiple Choice Questions. 1. In 1928, Alexander Fleming.... a.was infected through the cuts b. dissected a lot of dead bodies c.was studying bacteria d. got infected a lot of people 2. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.... a.while he was on holiday b. in a hurry c.because he forgot to wash up d. when he was a student 3. Fleming couldn't produce penicillin easily because.... a.he was forgetful b. of the lack of the right equipment c.he didn't know how to do it d. he couldn't afford waiting for more than 10 years 4. The first experiment with penicillin on animals (was).... a.dangerous b. caused some side-effects c. banned d.extremely successful 5. How many mice pulled through? a. 4 b.8 c.12 d none

Text 2 HOMEWORK IN PRISON FOR KIDS WITH CONVICT FATHERS (by Bo Wilson from London Life 5/11/07) Read the text and decide whether the sentences are TRUE or FALSE. Children as young as seven are being allowed into a London prison so their convict fathers can help with their homework. More than 50 children enter the gates of Wandsworth prison to take part in the homework club. It was launched to allow youngsters vital contact with their fathers, while giving the prisoners an extra incentive to rehabilitate. The Thursday club, the only one of its kind in the country, is the initiative of Wandsworth governor Ian Mulholland. The children, all of primary school age, go through intensive security checks at the category B jail to make sure they are not being used to smuggle anything in. An officer at the prison, which holds 1,416 convicts, joked: "We hope none of the dads are teaching their kids things like how to rob banks." Mr. Mulholland said: "The club plays an important part in maintaining positive family relationships, which contribute to the offender's resettlement into the community and the development of a purposeful and law-abiding life."

6.Children who're under 7 are being allowed behind bars to get dad's help. 7.The program is aimed to help offenders lead a normal life. 8.The kids often try to smuggle something in. 9.All the prisoners are ex-robbers. 10. The club helps families not to split up. Text 3 THE WAR OF THE WORLDS (by Christopher McMillan) The year was 1938, and the entire country was nervous. It was the year before World War II began. The United States was still recovering from the Great Depression - a time when many people suddenly found themselves without money. In 1938 no one was sure what would happen next. On Halloween that year, thousands of people across the country were listening to a popular radio show called the Mercury Theatre. They heard dance music for a while, and then an announcer broke in. Then the music resumed. Soon there was another news bulletin. A famous astronomer reported that a seismograph had registered a shock, almost as great as an earthquake, near Princeton, New Jersey. The music came back on but was interrupted again. "It is reported that at 8:50 P.M. a huge, flaming object, believed to be a meteorite, fell on a farm in the neighborhood of Gravers Mill, New Jersey." The radio listeners settled backs again to enjoy the music, but soon there was another bulletin. This time it came from a mobile radio unit in Gravers Mill. Sirens could be heard in the back - "Ladies and gentlemen, we interrupt our program to bring you a special bulletin." The bulletin told about explosions that had been observed on Mars ground. A reporter described the scene. "Ladies and gentlemen, this is the most terrifying thing I have ever witnessed. Wait a minute! Someone's crawling out of the hollow top. Someone or... something...." Eyewitness reports kept pouring out of the radio. The creatures were marching across New Jersey, sending out poisonous gas in front of them. They were heading for New York City. Nothing could slow them down. By this time, thousands of listeners were calling police stations, hospitals, newspapers, and government leaders. Some were asking for protection against the invaders. Some were volunteering to fight them. In New Jersey, families fled with handkerchiefs over their faces. Highways all around New York were jammed. In the Midwest people hid in cellars or ran to warn their neighbors. But it was all a joke. All the special bulletins and the eyewitness reports had been part of a play titled Invasion from Mars. The reporters and the 'eyewitnesses' were really actors. The sound effects were created by sound experts in another studio. The actors and sound experts had done a good job. A poll taken after the broadcast showed that more than half of the 1,700,000 listeners that night had believed that an invasion from Mars was really happening. They didn't realize that it was just a radio play until the end, when the director of the Mercury Theatre came on the air to say: "This is Orson Welles, ladies and gentlemen, out of character to assure you that The War of the Worlds has no further significance than as the holiday offering it was intended to be ... it's Halloween." Multiple Choice Questions. 11. The word 'bulletin' means a (an).... a. ultimatum b. warning c. public statement giving news d. advertisement 12. Who conducted a survey? a. The eyewitnesses. b. The actors c. The sound experts d. It's not mentioned 13. The object that fell on a farm wasn't (a)… a. space - type vehicle b. ardent c. meteorite d. enormous 14.Some Americans.... a. sent signals into outer space b. paid homage to invaders c. invited Martians to celebrate Halloween d. took shelter 15.What could be heard in thebackground? a. Dance music. b. Explosions. c. Sirens. d. Weeping Listening 10th form 2017

Buenos Aires I may live in a South American city, but it has as much in common with European cities as it does with other cities on this continent. Most people live in apartment blocks with open balconies - much like Madrid, Paris or Rome - and the city's 9th de Julio street is the world's widest avenue. For this country, the city is huge - about a third of the country's population lives in its metropolitan area. It is a lively place to live, especially at nighttime. Most people go out to eat around 11pm, and then hit the bars around lam. And nightclubs don't even open until 3am! There is a big dance scene here, and tango is currently making a comeback as young people pick up this traditional form of dance that was born here. Football is another big passion. Maradona, possibly the best player ever, was born in Boca, one of the poorer districts on the southern outskirts of the city. Maradona used to play for the football club Boca Juniors and he is almost treated like a god here. Another area of the city is home to River Plate, another successful football club that is known as "the millionaire's club," since the players earn so much money. Two years ago, the city was in turmoil. The country's debt was out of control after the government had borrowed more and more from lenders overseas, and the economy had been poorly managed for years. As a desperate measure, the currency was devalued by two-thirds of its value. People reacted angrily as their savings and properties were suddenly worth so little. Over that Christmas/New Year period, the streets were filled with ordinary people protesting. When some of the protests turned into riots, the authorities hit back with tear gas and showers of rubber bullets. It was chaos* and for the first time, serious crimes -including murder - became commonplace. Thankfully, the tension of those times has died down, and it feels like a peaceful, safe city again. With the devalued peso, most people can no longer afford to travel or buy things from abroad but they are getting on with their lives. With our new President, there is a feeling of optimism for the future. Nevertheless, you can still see bullet holes in buildings, and many of our monuments are daubed with graffiti written by angry protesters.

Listening 10th form Directions: In this Test you will carefully listen to a text read aloud twice. The text is followed by 20 tasks. You should do tasks 1 through 10 following the first reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text. The text will be read a second time and you should do tasks 11 through 20 following the second reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

Завдання 1. Directions: Statements 1 through 10 (decide if the statements are True or False): 1. Buenos Aires is more similar to Madrid than to other South American cities.

2. Inhabitants of Buenos Aires are more likely to live in a flat than in a house.

3. Maradona is a poor section of Buenos Aires, where people are passionate about football.

4. Roughly 30% of Argentinians live in and around Buenos Aires.

5. Residents of Buenos Aires are not night owls.

6. Economic problems were solved after the government borrowed money from other countries.

7. According to the article, people fill the streets of Buenos Aires every Christmas and New Year.

8. Buenos Aires is usually a very violent city.

9. People in Buenos Aires used to travel by pesos.

10. The author is a resident of Buenos Aires.

STOP. WAIT FOR THE SECOND READING OF THE TEXT. Questions 11 through 20 (On your answer sheet, circle the correct letter: A, B, C» or D.) 11. Residents of Buenos Aires typically go out after dinner: A. in a pub at one o'clock in the morning. B. in a bar at one o'clock in the afternoon. C. in a cafe at 11 o'clock in the morning. D. in a bar at 11 o'clock at night. 12. The "millionaire's club" is: A.the nickname of a big home in Buenos Aires. B. the place where football fans meet. C. a club near the river. D.the nickname of a winning football team. 13. The author mentions all the following acts as results of difficult economic times EXCEPT: A. Money was only worth one-third of its value. B. Authorities were angry during the Christmas holidays. C. Criminals committed violent crimes. D. The police shot at protesters. 14. One of the signs of hope mentioned by the author is that: A. the peso has regained its value. B. people are buying more imported products. C. there are bullet holes in local buildings. D. the crime rate has returned to its normal state. 15. We can understand that the author of the passage: A. is proud of the many positive aspects of Buenos Aires. B. approved of the violence during the protests. C. approved of the former government's economic policies. D. disapproves of the nightlife in Buenos Aires.

16. The word "turmoil" is a synonym of: A. passion. B. chaos. C. comeback. D. metropolitan.

17. The outskirts can be found in A. a clothing shop. B. the city centerpiece. C. the southern part of the country. D. the suburbs.

18. To compare Buenos Aires with European cities, the author mentions: A.wide avenues. B. balconies. C. football players. D.nightclubs.

19. Two years ago, the people of Buenos Aires were angry because: A.their homes and savings accounts lost their value. B. the people were protesting in the streets. C. the police were shooting at protestors. D.lenders borrowed more money from the bank.

20. The tango is: A. a type of nightclub. B. the modern dance craze. C. a popular Argentine snack. D. a dance native to Buenos Aires.

Reading, 10th form Directions: In this Test you will read three texts. Each text is followed by tasks. You should do the tasks following a text on the basis of what is stated or implied in that text. For each task you will choose the best possible answer from four possible answers (A, B, C, or D), or two letters T/F (True /False).

Text 1 LOVING HUG ENDS IN TRAGEDY FOR COUPLE IN CANOE (by Gordon Deegan for Irish Independent) Excavator driver John Buckley (26) was out canoeing with his girlfriend, Lucinda Murphy (24) on Lough Derg on a Sunday afternoon. They only had one life-jacket between them and it was decided before going out on the water that she would wear it. "I stood up to give John a hug and the boat toppled over. John and I both fell into the water. The water was very cold. John was not wearing a life-jacket," said Ms. Murphy in her deposition to the inquest. Ms. Murphy said the two swam toward the canoe and tried to turn it over, but failed. She then inflated her life-jacket and took off her shoes. She said that John saw a boy on the shore and called out to him and the boy went off to get help. "I started swimming towards the shore and John told me to keep swimming. I swallowed some water and started coughing." "I called John and asked 'are you okay' and he didn't reply. I turned around and saw John's hands out of the water. I knew that he was in trouble and I swam back to him and he kept pushing my hands away." "I was trying to hold his head and he kept going under. I shouted to a man on the shore and he ran off. John then sank under the water and I waited for a few minutes and I tried to swim to the shore for help." Ms. Murphy said that she was rescued by a man called John with the help of a surf-board. Divers recovered John Buckley's body from the riverbed later that evening. Pathologist Dr. Peter Fawl said the results of the postmortem showed that Mr. Buckley died from asphyxiation as a result of drowning. Coroner Isobel O'Dea said that the appropriate verdict would be death by misadventure and this can occur where there is an unintended action that brings out an unintended outcome. Multiple Choice Questions. a.tried to turn the boat over 1.The boy drowned because .... b.cried for help a.he was a poor swimmer and he over- c.artificial respiration estimated his abilities d.held John's head over the water b.Lucinda gave him a hug c.he had a cramp 4.According to the text, .... d.his girlfriend caused a pitch a.Lucinda was sentenced to death b.Lucinda was rescued by her pal's 2.The boat turned upside-down because namesake (of).... c.John Buckley and Lucinda were coevals a.it was overloaded d.Lucinda pleaded guilty b.Lucinda's careless behaviour c.there was a leak in their canoe 5.The word 'topple over' in line 4 can be d.it got into a whirlpool substituted with .... a.capsize b.swing c.burst d.crack 3.To save her boyfriend Lucinda did everything, EXCEPT .... Text 2 END OF THE SMALL TOWN? (from Syracuse Herald-Journal) The American small town may become as extinct as a nickel cup of coffee. Although planners are urging an exodus to the small towns and rural spaces still available, the small town we knew a few decades back is on the road to extinction, for it harbored a way of life that was changed by the super highway, central school, and TV antenna. In a small town, children were taught to respect their elders. They were expected to be properly groomed when attending school and church. Fathers were apt to apply the flat of their hand on the seat of the pants, and teachers were apt to lay the side of a ruler on an open hand for disobedience, for lying and cheating. Today, this way of life is considered "worthless." But is it so worthless to believe in cleanliness, proper grooming for school and church, honesty, respect for elders, duty, and conscience? Our town had a population of 4,500. It depended on mills, a milk plant, lumberyards, and nearby dairy farms for its existence. A woman could leave a bag of groceries outside a store while she went elsewhere for another purchase, and nothing would be taken. A deliveryman could leave a package on the front steps after dark, and it

would be there in the morning. A family could put a holiday decoration in the yard, and no roving gang would destroy it within minutes. Of course, it wasn't paradise. Money was scarce, and men worked hard for it. On Saturday nights, more rusty pickup trucks than shiny cars were parked along the curbs. Most men and boys had one suit - their "Sunday suit" complete with vest. Our town had been there for a long time. It had supplied its youth for Lincoln and Grant in the 1860's, for San Juan Hill and Manila Bay, for Pershing in 1917, for Eisenhower and MacArthur in the 1940's, for Korea, and for Vietnam. We are sorry that its way of life has become a target for the slings and arrows of outrageous liberals. Its values were the strength of America. They should not become extinct. Multiple Choice Questions. 1.The author believes that... a. the small town is a paradise. b. people should be dressed better. c. «the only thing people have to care about is the strength of America d. moral values couldn't become extinct. 2.The real reason of the small American town's extinction is (that)... a. they're considered to be worthless. b. urbanization. c. they loose their values. d. they've become a target for the slings and arrows of outrageous liberals. 3.According to the text, in a small town it was quite natural for parents to... a. cast their kids. b. slap their children with a palm. c. retract their words. d. make a mockery of their kids. 4.According to the author, what are the advantages of the small towns? a. Dairy farms and pickup tracks. b. Teachers are apt to punish their pupils for talking back. c. Decency of people. d. Rural spaces. 5.The planners stand for ... a. the exodus to the cities. b. the supplying its youth for the army. c. a situation in which people leave to the rural places. d. the wiping off the differences between cities and small towns.

Text 3 Read the radio programme. Our special guest is Angie Stone, an American soul singer and song-writer. Angie is going to share her heartbreaking life story with us. Read it and decide whether the sentences below are TRUE or FALSE. I sometimes look at what's happened in my life and wonder whether God's used me as an example. No matter how beautiful and healthy you are, there's always the chance this can be taken away from you. Maybe my life is a testimony to that. When I look at myself now, I see a beautiful woman who's strong, independent, and ready to take on the world. But times have been hard and my body changed in ways I could never have foreseen. My childhood was an incredibly happy one; it was amazing in fact. I was an only child and very out-going. My mother doted on me, so I was always in the latest designs. Being really trend-conscious, I always adapted to the different fashions of the times. My body was perfect: I was the girl who had the best body - the kind that always attracted attention. Then, when I was in my mid-twenties, it all changed. I was working at a chemical lab and was exposed to an air-born germ that derived from African tree sap. It got into my eyes and made its way in to my bloodstream and caused my body to stop draining fluids properly. .. Just as I was set to hit the big time - this happens, and you're forced to meet the world in the worst shape of your life. For years I was unhappy, I'd been given everything I'd dreamed of. And then I had to get on stage as a size 22, and not be able to explain why I was obese. I'd never eaten a lot, and had never planned for a life like this, so really I was just shocked. ... When you've spent years of your life struggling with something that is beyond your control - and which changes the way people see you - you lose a certain amount of control. But I'm set to get back in the driving seat; I won't be broken down by things. It's been a struggle; a journey if you like. But now I've arrived and I'm ready.

1.Angie claims that nothing can be taken for granted. 2.Angie has always had a presentiment that something would happen to her. 3.Angie's Mom spoilt her. 4.Accidentally, Angie got infected at the lab. 5. Fans stopped visiting Angie's concerts when her appearance changed

Listening 11th form 2017 Mozart of Chess: Magnus Carlsen

(CBS Television 60 Minutes; February 19, 2012) Demolition, not defeat, is the goal of 21-year-old Magnus Carlsen. No, he's not a boxer, not a wrestler. Rather, Magnus is the top chess player in the world, and he takes it on like an athlete. First, there's the tough physical workouts to prepare himself for the tough mental workout of competition. And then there's the attitude. Magnus, who comes from a nice Norwegian family, tells journalist Bob Simon: "I enjoy it when I see my opponent really suffering, when he knows that I've outsmarted him." But really, he's a nice guy-an athlete and fashion model in addition to being the top-ranked chess player in the world. In this piece, journalist Bob Simon profiles Magnus Carlsen. Magnus Carlsen is the best in the world. He is a 21-year-old Norwegian, who reigns supreme in a sport played by 500 million people. It is chess. Many don't think of it as a sport because nobody moves, but chess masters will tell you it can be more brutal than boxing. That's because at the championship level, the objective is not only to win, but to demolish your opponent. That can take hours; the best players need extraordinary endurance so most of them are young. Magnus is the youngest number one ever. And no one can explain to you how he does what he does. It seems to come from another world, which is why he has become known as the Mozart of chess. Just look at what he is doing: competing against ten players simultaneously. That, in itself, is not extraordinary. But Magnus cannot see the boards. He is facing the other way. So he has to keep track of the positions of 320 pieces blind. And the number of possible moves? Infinite. Magnus comes out on top. Chess players are pretty pokerfaced. But occasionally Magnus will flash the smile of someone who knows it's all-over-but-the-handshake, while his opponent dives deeper into doom. The spectators seem as mesmerized as the competitors. They're all chess players, of course. If they weren't, it would be like watching paint dry. Worldwide, a hundred thousand are watching on their computers. The suspense keeps building until the end of the game - by which time it's cutthroat. Chess is now routinely taught in schools all over the world, including the United States. In some countries, it is compulsory. Chess can be taught, but not genius. Magnus-seemed like a normal enough kid growing up outside Oslo - but wait a minute, when he was five, he could name almost all the countries in the world and their capitals and their population -Magnus' father, Henrik, didn't think that was terribly unusual. Magnus is on the road two hundred days a year now. Between matches he is alone in his hotel room getting ready for tomorrow's game. He works out almost every day. It's what he does for fun, too - at the Oslo chess club where he started. He is playing a Norwegian grandmaster here. It's called Bullet chess and Magnus has a handicap. His opponent is gives three minutes to make his moves. Magnus has one. It's just a friendly match. But Magnus always hates to lose -so he doesn't

Listening 11th form Directions: In this Test you will carefully listen to a text read aloud twice. The text is followed by 20 tasks. You should do tasks 1 through 10 following the first reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text. The text will be read a second time and you should do tasks 11 through 20 following the second reading of the text on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

Завдання 1. Mozart of Chess: Magnus Carlsen Statements 1 through 10 (On your answer sheet circle + if the statement is true, - if it is false.)

1. Magnus is of Swedish descent. 2. Chess players are considered to be pokerfaced. 3. Chess is now routinely taught in schools all over the world. 4. Magnus has never been a fashion model, but rather only a chess player. 5. Genius cannot be taught 6. Many people do not consider chess to be a sport. 7. It takes little physical endurance to be a great chess player. 8. Magnus is the youngest person ever to be the number-one player in the world. 9. Magnus cannot see; he is blind. 10. Henrik is Magnus' brother.

STOP. WAIT FOR THE SECOND READING OF THE TEXT. Questions 11 through 20 (On your answer sheet, circle the correct letter: A, B, C, or D.)

11. All of the following statements are true, EXCEPT: A. Magnus is a Norwegian. B. Magnus defeated grand champion Boris Spassky. C. 500 million people play chess worldwide. D. Chess is now routinely taught in schools all over the world.

12. The article states that "chess players are pretty pokerfaced." From the context of this article, one can infer that "pokerfaced" means: A. a liar. B. unable to play poker. C. showing no emotion. D. someone who is always smiling.

13. According to the article, Magnus travels a great deal. He is usually on the road: A. two- hundred days per year. B. twenty days per month. C. two hundred hours a week. D. twenty weeks per year. 14. To be a great chess player like Magnus Carlsen, the article states that all of the following are necessary EXCEPT: A. a high protein diet. B. tough physical workouts. C. extraordinary endurance. D. an attitude that he will win.

15. In the article, it states that the game of chess can be "cutthroat." "Cutthroat" in this context probably means: A. dangerous. B. intelligent. C. relentless or merciless. D. relaxing.

16. In the text, chess is compared to: A. basketball. B. baseball. C. boxing. D. karate.

17. According to the text, Magnus competes against ten players simultaneously. What makes this even more difficult is that: A. all the chess players are pokerfaced. B. Magnus is blindfolded. C. Magnus cannot see the other boards because he is not in the same room. D. Magnus cannot see the other boards because he is facing the other way.

18. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true about Magnus Carlsen? A. He is the best in the world. B. He was originally born in Russia. C. He works out physically almost every day. D. He is the youngest number-one chess player ever.

19. According to the article, the main goal of Magnus Carlsen when playing chess is to: A. demolish, not defeat, his opponents. B. become the number one player in the world. C. defeat his opponents. D. teach his opponents how to be better players.

20. For fun, Magnus likes to: A. bicycle. B. swim. C. play chess. D. drive fast cars Reading 11th form 2017 Text 1 FINDING LOVE IN JAPAN Single people hoping to make new friends, are walking around the streets of Japan carrying an electronic machine called a Lovegety. The makers and the 500,000 people who have bought one are hoping it will bring them romance. The machine, which fits into your hand or can be attached to your belt, will beep or light up when someone of the opposite sex with another Lovegety walks past. Then you can either make contact or simply walk away. You can set the machine to search for three different kinds of people: those who like karaoke, those who just want to talk and those who are searching for something more romantic. The makers say they are hoping to encourage people to get over their shyness and make contact with others. Their plans seem to be working, as this new 'toy' is becoming more and more popular. "It gives people the chance to meet other people they could never meet otherwise." A new version is expected to be introduced soon with other possibilities, such as 'film', 'drink', and 'dinner'. Multiple Choice Questions. 1. According to the text, what kind of men could possess a Lovegety? a.Woman-haters. b. Childless. c. Bachelors. d. Married. 2. People who own a Lovegety seek for everything, EXCEPT... a. romance b. personal contacts c. pals d. hostility 3. According to the passage, people should wear an electronic machine on/in their.... a. waists b. chests c. pockets d. wrists 4. According to the passage, the machine is able to distinguish.... a. musicians b.communicative people c. drug addicts d.single people 5. A Lovegety is for... people. a. timid b.impudent c.young d.handicapped

Text 2 EINSTEIN RESEARCHERS "DISCOVER" RADIATION-EATING FUNGI Read the text and decide whether the sentences are TRUE or FALSE. Scientists have long assumed that fungi exist mainly to decompose matter into chemicals that other organisms can then use. But researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have found evidence that fungi possess a previously undiscovered talent with profound implications: the ability to use radioactivity as an energy source for making food and spurring their growth. The fungal kingdom comprises more species than any other plant or animal kingdom, so finding that they are mak¬ing food in addition to breaking it down means that Earth's energetic - in particular, the amount of radiation energy being converted to biological energy - may need to be recalculated. The ability of fungi to live off radiation could also prove useful to people: "Since ionizing radiation is prevalent in outer space, astronauts might be able to rely on fungi as an inexhaustible food source on long missions or for colonizing other planets," says Dr. Ekaterina Dadachova, associate professor of nuclear medicine and microbiology & immunol¬ogy at the Einstein and lead author of the study. Those fungi able to "eat" radiation must possess melanin, the pigment found in many if not most fungal species. But up until now, melanin's biological role in fungi - if any - has been a mystery. "Just as the pigment chlorophyll converts sunlight into chemical energy that allows green plants to live and grow, our research suggests that melanin can use a different portion of the electromagnetic spectrum - ionizing radiation - to benefit the fungi containing it," says Dr. Dadachova. The research began five years ago when Dr. Dadachova read on the web that a robot sent into the still-highly-ra¬dioactive damaged reactor at Chernobyl had returned with samples of black, melanin-rich fungi that were growing on the reactor's walls. "I found that very interesting and began discussing with colleagues whether these fungi might be using the radiation emissions as an energy source," says Dr.Dadachova. To test this idea, the Einstein researchers performed a variety of in vivo tests using three genetically diverse fungi and four measures of cell growth. The studies consistently showed that ionizing radiation significantly enhances the growth of fungi that contain melanin. So, this is an essential step for capturing radiation and converting it into a different form of energy to make food.

Dr. Casadevall notes that the melanin in fungi is no different chemically from the melanin in our skin. "It's pure speculation but not outside the realm of possibility that melanin could be providing energy to skin cells," he says. "While it wouldn't be enough energy to fuel to run on the beach, maybe it could help you to open an eyelid."

1.Reading the text we realize that once fungi were underestimated. 2.It can be inferred from the text that radioactivity exacerbates the growth of fungi. 3.There is a great variety of genetically diverse fungi in our nature. 4.For a long time scientists have believed that fungi live only to decay, leaving useful chemicals to other organisms for food. 5.Laboratory tests gave conclusive proof that melanin-rich fungi could colonize other planets

Text 3 JENNY'S STORY (Jenny, 32, trial attorney, married eight years) My mom always warned me to never let my career get side-tracked by a man. They expect women to sacrifice their goals for their own, she said. My new law research partner, Brian, struck me as one of those men. The first time I worked with him, he said: "Hey Jenny! How about going to the cafeteria to get me a cup of coffee." I thought, "What am I, his maid?" I decided right then not to like him. But then I began to change my mind. I found myself staring at the way his blond hair curled over his collar, and the way his tan, muscular forearms looked when he rolled up his sleeves. I wanted him, but I didn't want to fall in love with him. If we broke up it could get messy and damage my career. But sometimes I just wanted to run my hands all over his body. Then, one night after we'd cracked a stubborn case, we were so happy that we jumped into each other's arms. I admit I liked it, but when Brian tried to kiss me, I stopped him. "Come on, Jenny, you know we have chemistry!" "Yeah," I joked. "Really bad chemistry!" After that, I kept things on a professional level. When my dream of becoming a lawyer finally came true, Brian kissed my cheek to congratulate me. I looked into his eyes and saw something I never expected to see - he was genuinely pleased for me. That's when I realized that Brian wasn't an obstacle in my path at all. I closed the office door behind me and walked into his arms. He smiled and said, "I couldn't stand being away from you." We've been together ever since. 1. Jenny's mother considered that.... a. the office romance led to the big happily-ever-after b. meeting at work was safer than meeting in bars c. women had to show great discretion to men d. career was the bedrock of family life 2. According to the text, .... a. Jenny's success bothered. Brian b. Brian was an obstacle in Jenny's path c. Brian made an impression on Jenny the first time she worked with him d. Jenny didn't intend to rouse Brian's curiosity 3. It could ruin Jenny's career if they.... a. had a love affair at work b. dated c. split up d. kept things on a professional track 4. The phrase "we have chemistry" means we.... ' a. have some pills b. are alone c. like each other d. are watched 5. It may be inferred from the passage that.... a. having relationships with Jenny, for Brian, was a way to advance his career b. women's lives change forever when love and work collide c. Jenny's career was in jeopardy because of Brian d. Jenny seduced Brian