- -- _n_

FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW*

Abronia fragrans Snowball sandverbena LLLLL** Achillea millefolium lanulosa Western yarrow MMMML Aconitum columbianum - P Columbia monkshood MMMLL Actaea rubra Red baneberry LMLLL Agastache urticifolia Nettleleaf horsemint LLMML Agoseris glauca Pale agroseris HHHML Alisma plantago-aquatica Waterplantain MHL - Allium acuminatum Tapertip onion MHL- Allium brevistylum Shortstyle onion MHL- Allium ceruum Nodding onion MHL- Allium nevadense Nevada onion MHL-- Allium textile Textile onion MMML- Amaranthus blitoides Amaranth or pigweed HHHM- Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot amaranth LLLLL Anaphalis margarttacea Common pear-everlasting MMMLL Anemone patens mulifida Spreading pasque-flower MMMLL Antennaria alpina Alpine pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria dimorpha Low pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria parvifolia Littleleaf pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria rosea Rose pussy toes LLLLL Apocynum cannabinum - P Hemp dogbane LMMLL Aquilegia species Columbine MMMLL Arabis drummondii Drummond rockcress LMMLL Arenaria congesta Ballhead sandwort LMMLL Arenaria fendleri Fendler sandwort LMMLL Arenaria hookeri Hooker sandwort LMMLL Arenaria obtusiloba Twinflower sandwort MMMLL Artemisia ludoviciana White sage LLLLL Asclepias labriformis -P Milkweed LLLLL Asclepias speciosa - P Showy milkweed LLLLL Asclepias subverticillata Horsetail milkweed - P MMMML Aster chilensis adscendens Pacific aster HHHML Aster engelmannii Engelmann aster MMMLL Aster ericoides pansus Heath aster MLMML Aster foliaceus canbyi Alpine leafybract aster MMML- Astragalus adsurgens robustior Milkvetch MMMM- Astragalus beckwithii Beckwith milkvetch LMLL- Astragalus bisulatus - P Twogrooved locoweed MMML- Astragalus cibarius Silkly milkvetch HHHM- Astragalus cicer Chickpea milkvetch MMML Astragalus convallarius-P Timber poisonvetch

* Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Astragalus crassicarpus Groundplum milkvetch LLL-- Astragalus drummondii Drummond milkvetch LLL-- Astragalus flexuosus Flexile milkvetch MML— Astragalus miser - P Weedy milkvetch MMM— Astragalus missouriensis Missouri milkvetch LLL- Astragalus mollissimus-P Wooly milkvetch MMM- Astragalus pectinatus - P Narrowleaf poisonvetch MMM- Astragalus purshii Pursh locoweed MMML Astragalus spactulatus Tufted milkvetch LLLL Balsamorhiza hookeri Hooker balsamroot HHHHM Balsamorhiza incana Hoary balsamroot HHHHM Balsamorhiza macrophylla Cutleaf balsamroot MHMML Balsamorhiza sagittata Arrowleaf balsamroot HHHHM Bassia hyssopifolia Fivehook bassia MMMMM Brassica nigra Black mustard MMMMM Calochortus nuttallii Segolily, mariposa lily HHHM Caltha leptosepala Elkslip marshmarigold HMHML Camassia quamash Common camass MHMM- Campanula rotundifolia Bluebell MMMML Capsella bursa-pastoris Shephards-purse MMMMM Cardaria draba Pepperweed whitetop LMMLL Carduus nutans Musk bristlethistle LLLLL Castilleja angustifolia Northwestern painted-cup MMMML Castilleja chromosa Desert Indian paintbrush MMMML Castilleja flava Yellow Indian Paintbrush MMMML Castilleja integra Wholeleaf painted-cup MMMML Castilleja linariaefolia Wyoming painted-cup MMMML Castilleja miniata Scarlet painted-cup MMMML Castilleja occidentalis Western painted-cup HHHHL Castilleja sulphurea Sulphur painted-cup MMMML Centaurea maculosa Centaurea LLLLL Centaurea repens Russian centaurea LLLLL Cerastium arvense Starry cerastium LMMLL Ceratophyllum demersum Hormwort L Chaenactis douglasii Douglas chaenactis LMLLL Chenopodium album Lambsquarter goosefoot HHMM Chenopodium leptophyllum Slimleaf goosefoot HHM-- Chenopodium rubrum Goosefoot HHM- Chorispora tenella Blue mustard MMML Cicuta douglasii - P Douglas waterhemlock LLLLL Cirsium arvense Canada thistle LLLLL Cirsium coloraense Thistle LLLLL Cirsium foliosum Elk thistle LLLLL Cirsium undulatum Wavyleaf thistle LLLLL Cirsium vulgare Bull thistle LLLLL Clematis columbiana Virginsbower MMMML Clematis hirsutissima Scott clematis MMMML Clematis ligusticifolia Western virginsbower MMMML Cleome lutea Yellow spiderflower MMM- Cleome serrulata Bee spiderflower MMM-- Comandra umbellata Toadflax MMMLL

2 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Conium maculatum - P Poison-hemlock LLLLL Convolvulus arvensis European glorybind HHHHM Conyza canadensis Canada horseweed LMMLL Corydalis aurea Budbeak LMLL- Corydalis caeseana Fitweed LMLL- Coryphantha missouriensis Nipple coryphantha LLLLL Coryphantha vivipara Cushion coryphantha LLLLL Crepis acuminata Tapertip hawksbeard HHHMM Crepis intermedia Gray hawksbeard HHHMM Crepis modocensis Modoc hawksbeard HHHMM Crepis occidentalis Western hawksbeard MHMLL Crepis runcinata Dandelion hawksbeard MHMLL Croton texensis Texas croton LLLLL Cryptantha celosiodes Cryptantha MMM- Cryptantha humilis Cryptantha MMM- Cryptantha sericea Cryptantha MMM-- Cymopterus acaulis Stemless spring parsley LML- - Cymopterus purpurascens Parsley LML- Cynoglossum officinale Common hounds tongue LLLLL Dalea enneandra Dalea, prairie clover Dalea purpurea Dalea Dalea villosa Dalea Delphinium barbeyi - P Barbey larkspur MMMLL Delphinium bicolor - P Little larkspur MMMLL Delphinium geyeri - P Geyer larkspur LLLLL Delphinium nuttallianum-p Nuttall larkspur LLLLL Delphinium occidentale-P Duncecap larkspur MMMLL Descuraninia pinnata Pinnate tansymustard LML- Dipsacus sylvestris Venus-cup teasel LLLLL Dodecatheon pulchellum Darkthroat shootingstar MHMM Dyssodia papposa Dogweed LLL- Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed HHHML Equisetum arvense Field horsetail LLLLL Equisetum hyemale Western scouring-rush LLLLL Equisetum laevigatum Smooth horsetail LLLLL Erigeron argentatus Fleabane HHHMM Erigeron engelmannii Engelmann fleabane HHHMM Erigeron pumilus Low fleabane HHHMM Erigeron simplex Oneflower fleabane HHHMM Erigeron speciosus macranthus Oregon fleabane HHHMM Eriogonum alatum Wing eriogonum MMMLL Eriogonum cernuum Nodding eriogonum MMMLL Eriogonum effusum Rush eriogonum MMMLL Eriogonum flavum Eriogonum HHHML Eriogonum inflatum Desert trumpet eriogonum LLL-- Eriogonum racemosum Redroot eriogonum MMMLL Eritrichium aretioides Forget-me-not L Erodium cicutarium Filaree HHH- Erysimum asperum Plains erysimum MHMM- Erythronium grandiforum Lambstongue fawnlily MHM-- Euphorbia esula Leafy spurge LMLLL

3 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Fragaria vesca bracteata European strawberry MMMMM Fragaria virginiana Virginia strawberry MMMMM Frasera montana Small frasera MMMMM Frasera speciosa Showy frasera MMMMM Fritillaria atropurpurea Purplespot fritillary MHM- Fritillaria pudica Yellow fritillary MHM- Gaillardia aristata Common perennial gaillardia MMMML Galium boreale Northern bedstraw MMMLL Gaura coccinea Scarlet gaura LMLLL Gentiana affinis Rocky Mountain pleated gentiana MML- Geranium fremontii Fremont geranium HHHML Geranium viscossimum Geranium MHMLL Geum rossiiterbinatum Avens MMMLL Geum triflorum Avens MMMLL Gilia aggregata MMMLL Gilia congesta LMMLL Gilia pumila MMMLL Gilia spicata MMMLL Glycyrrhiza lepidota American licorice LLLLL Grindelia squarrosa Curley gumweed LLLLL Halogeton glomeratus - P Halogeton LLL- Hedysarum boreale Northern sweetvetch HHHHH Helenium autumnale Common sneezeweed LLLLL Helianthella quinquenervis Fivenerve helianthella MMMLL Helianthella uniflora Oneflower helianthella MMMHM Helianthus annuus Common sunflower MMMML Helianthus maximilianii Maximilian sunflower MMMML Helianthus petiolaris Prairie sunflower MMMML Helianthus rigidus Sunflower MMMML Heracleum spondylium Cowparsnip HHHHM Heterotheca villosa Hairy goldaster MMMLL Hieracium cynoglossoides Houndstongue hawksweed HHHML Hieracium scouleri Woolyweed HHHML Hydrophyllum capitatum Ballhead waterleaf HHH- Hyroenopappus filifolius Hyroenopappus MMMLL Hyroenoxys acaulis Stemless hyroenoxys MMMML Hyroenoxys grandiflora Graylocks hyroenoxys MMMML Hypericum perforatum P Klamath weed LLLLL Iris missouriensis Rocky Mountain iris LLLLL Isatis tinctoria Dyers woad Poverty sumpweed LMML Iva axillaris LMLLL Iva xanthifolia Rag sumpweed False boneset LMLLL Kuhnia eupatoriodes Prickly lettuce MMMLL Lactuca serriola Chicory lettuce HHHML Lactuca tatarica puchella European stickseed HHHML Lappula echinata Annual stickseed LMLLL Lappula redowskii Aspen peavine MLL Lathyrus leucanthus Peavine HMHHM Lathyrus ochroleucus Common duckweed HMHHM Lemna minor Star duckweed LLLLL Lemna trisulca LLLLL

4 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Lepidium densiflorum Prairie pepperweed LMLLL Lepidium perfoliatum Clasping pepperweed MLL Leucelene ericoides Heath aster L Leucocrinum montanum Common starlily LLLLL Lewisia redivia Bitterroot lewisia LMLLL Liatris punctata Dotted gayfeather MMMMM Ligusticum porteri Porter ligusticum HHHHL Linaria dalmatica Dalmatian toadflax LLLLL Linaria vulgaris Butter-and-eggs toadflax LLLLL Linum lewisii Lewis flax MHMML Linum rigidum Stiffstem flax MML-- Lithospermum ruderale Waysided' gromwell MMMLL Lomatium dissectum Carrotleaf leptotaenia MML- Lomatium foeniculaceum Lomatium MML- Lomatium grayi Gray lomatium MML - Lomatium triternatum Narrowleaf lomatium MML-- Lotus corniculatus Birdsfoot deervetch HHHMH Lupinus alpestris Mountain lupine MMMLL Lupinus argenteus - P Silvery lupine MMMLL Lupinus caudatus - P Tailcup lupine MMMLL Lupinus leucophyllus - P Velvet lupine MMMLL Lupinus pusillus Rusty lupine MMMLL Lupinus sericeus - P Silky lupine MMMLL Lygodesmia juncea Rush skeletonplant LLLLL Machaeranthera bigelovii Bigelow aster LLLLL Machaeranthera canescens Hoary aster MMMML Machaeranthera glabriuscula Alkali aster LLLLL Machaeranthera grindeloides Aster LMMLL Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Tansyleaf aster LLLLL Madia glomerata Cluster tarweed LLLLL Malcolmia africana African mustard LLLLL Medicago lupulina Black medick HHHMM Medicago sativa Alflafa HHHHH Melilotus alba White sweetclover HHHHL Melilotus officinalis Yellow sweetclover HHHML Mentzelia albicaulis Whitestem mentzelia MMM- Mentzelia decapetala Tenpedal mentzelia MMM- Mertensia ciliata Mountain bluebells HHHHM Mertensia lanceolata Lanceleaf bluebells HHHHM Mertensia oblongifolia Oblongleaf bluebells HHHHM Monarda fistulosa Wildbergamot beebalm M Musineon divaricatum Leafy musineon MMM- Myosotis alpestris Alpine forget-me-not MMMLL Myriophyllum spicatum Parrot feather LLLLL Oenothera caespitosa Tufted evening primrose MMM- Oenothera coronopifolia Evening primrose MMM- Onobrychis viciaefolia Common sainfoin HHHMM Osmorhiza occidentalis Sweet anise HHHML Oxyria digyna Alpine mountain sorrel MMMLL Oxytenia acerosa Prickly oxytenia LLLLL Oxytropis lambertii - P Lambert crazyweed LLLLL

5 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Oxytropis sericea - P Silky crazyweed LLLLL Pedicularis bracteosa Bracted pedicularis LLLLL Pedicularis groenlandica Elephanthead lousewort LLLLL Pemstemon eriantherus Fuzzy tongue penstemon MMMLL Penstemon albidus Penstemon MMMLL Penstemon caespitosus Mat penstemon LMLLL Penstemon cyananthus Wasatch penstemon LMLLL Penstemon eatonii Eaton penstemon HHHML Penstemon fremontii Fremont penstemon MMMLL Penstemon laricifolius Penstemon MMMLL Penstemon nitidus Waxleaf penstemon MMMLL Penstemon palmeri Palmer penstemon MMMLL Penstemon strictus Rocky Mountain penstemon MMMLL Penstemon whippleanus Whipple penstemon MMMLL Petrophytum caespitosum Tufted rockmat LMMLL Phacelia hastata Alpine phacelia MHMLL Phacelia sericea Silky phacelia MHMLL Phlox condensata Phlox LLLLL Phlox hoodii Hoods phlox LMLLL Phlox longifolia Longleaf phlox LMLLL Phlox multiflora Flowery phlox LMLLL Phlox muscoides Phlox LMLLL Plantago patagmica Wooly Indianwheat MMMM Polemonium foliossimum Leafy poleminium MMMLL Polygonum aviculare Prostrate knotweed LMMLL American bistort LMMLL Polygonum bistortoides LMMLL Polygonum coccineum Bigroot ladysthumb LMMLL Polygonum douglasii Douglas knotweed LMMLL Polygonum lapathifolium Curly top ladysthumb LMMLL Polygonum persicaria Spotted ladysthumb LMMLL Polygonum ramosissimum Bush knotweed LLMLL Potamogeton crispus Curly pondweed LLMLL Potamogeton filiformis Pondweed LLMLL Potamogeton foliosus Leafy pondweed LLMLL Potemogeton nodosus Longleaf pondweed LLMLL Potemogeton pectinatus Fennell-leaf pondweed LLMLL Potemogeton pusillus Baby pondweed LLMLL Potemogeton richardsonii Richardson pondweed MLMML Potentilla anserina Silverleaf cinquefoil MLMMM Potentilla fruticosa Cinquefoil MLMML Potentilla glandulosa Cinquefoil Intermedia Potentilla gracilis Northwest cinquefoil MLMML Psoralea tenuiflora Slimflower scurf-peer LMMLL Ranunculus aquatilis Hairleaf water buttercup LLL- Ranunculus cYffibalaria Rocky Mountain buttercup MMM- Ranunculus eschscholtzii Eschscholtz buttercup MMM- Ranunculus glaberrimus Sagebrush buttercup MMM-- Ratibida columnifera Upright prairie coneflower MMMLL Rudbeckia laciniata Cutleaf coneflower LLLLL Rudbeckia occidentalis Western coneflower LLLLL

6 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Rumex acetosella Sheep sorrel MMMML Rumex crispus Curly dock MMMLL Rumex venosus Veiny dock LMMLL Ruppia maritima Widgeongrass LLLLL Sagittaria cuneata Duckpotato arrowhead LLLLL Salicornia rubra Glasswort LLLLL Salicornia utahensis Utah glasswort, samphire LLLLL Salsola pestifer (kali) Russian thistle MMLLM Sedum lanceolatum Lancedleaved sedum LMLLL Selaginella densa densa Spikemoss selaginella LMLLL Senecio amplectens Showy alpine groundsel LMLLL Senecio canus Wooly groundsel HHM - Senecio crassulus Thickleaf groundsel HHM-- Senecio integerrimus - P Lambstongue groundsel HHM-- Senecio multilobatus Lobeleaf groundsel MMM- Senecio plattensis Groundsel MMM- Senecio riddellii Groundsel MMM- Senecio serra Groundsel MHMLL Senecio triangularis Arrowleaf groundsel HHM- Sibbaldia procumbens MMMLL Silene acaulis Moss silene MMMLL Sisymbrium altissimum Tumblemustard MM--- Sisyrinchium angustifolium Blue-eyed-grass MMMLL Smilacina racemosa Fat Solomon-plume MHMML Smilacina stellata Starry Solomon-plume MHMML t Solanum rostratum Buffalobur nightshade LLLLL Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod MLMMM Solidago gigantea Giant goldenrod LMLLL Solidago missouriensis Missouri goldenrod LMLLL Solidago mollis Velvety goldenrod LMLLL Solidago occidentalis Western goldenrod LMLLL Solidago rigida Stiff goldenrod LMLLL Sonchus arvensis Field sowthistle MMLL- Sphaeralcea ambigua Desert globemallow MMMML Sphaeralcea coccinea Scarlet globemallow MMMML Sphaeralcea grossulariaefolia Gooseberryleaf globemallow MHMML Sphaeralcea munroana Munro globemallow MHMML Stanleya pinnata Desert princesplume LMLLL Stellaria jamesiana Tuber starwort MHMML Stellaria media Chickweed HH-- Suaeda calceoliformis Seepweed LMLLL Suaeda intermedia Seepweed LMLLL Taraxacum officinale Common dandelion HHHHH Thalictrum fendleri Fendler meadowrue MMMLL Thalictrum occidentale Western meadowrue MMMLL Thalictrum venulosum Veiny meadowrue MMMLL Thermopsis montana Mountain thermopsis LLLLL Thlaspi arvense Field penneycress MML- Thlaspi montanum Blue penneycress MML- Tradescantia occidentalis Prairie spiderwort - Tragopogon dubius major Yellow salsify MHMMM

7 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Tragopogon porrifolius Vegetable-oyster salsify MHMLL Tragopogon pratensis Meadow salsify MHMLL Tribulus terrestris Puncture vine LLL- Trifolium dasphyllum Whiproot clover HHHHH Trifolium fragiferum Strawberry clover LLLLL Trifolium gymnocarpon Hollyleaf clover HHHHH Trifolium hybridum Alsike clover HHHHH Trifolium longipes Longstalk clover MMMMM Trifolium nanum Dwarf clover HHHHH Trifolium parryi Parry clover MMMMM Trifolium pratense Red clover MMMMM Trifolium repens White clover HHHHH Triglochin maritimum - P Seaside arrowgrass H Triglochin palustre Marsh arrowgrass L Typha asgustifolia Cattail LLLLL Typha latifolia Common cattail LLLLL Urtica dioica Big stinging nettle LMLLL Utricularia minor Lessor bladderwort L Utricularia vulgaris Common bladderwort L Valeriana edulis Edible valerian HHHHL Veratrum californicum California false-hellebore LLMLL Verbascum thapsus Flannel mullein LLLLL Vicia americana American vetch HHHH- Vicia villosa Hairy vetch HHHH- Viola adunca Hook violet HHH- Viola nuttallii Nuttall violet HHH- Wolffia punctata Watermeal L Wyethia amplexicaulis Mulesear wyethia MHMLL Wyethia helianthoides Whitehead wyethia MMMLL Wyethia scabra Badlands wyethia MMMLL Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur LLLLL Xerophyllum tenax Beargrass LLMLL Zannichellia palustris Common poolmat L Zigadenus elegans - P Mountain deathcamas LMMLL Zigadenus paniculatus-P Foothill deathcamas LMMLL Zigadenus venenosus - P Meadow deathcamas LMLLL

8 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW*

Gilia aggregata MMMLL Gilia congesta LMMLL Gilia pumila MMMLL Gilia spicata MMMLL Sibbaldia procumbens MMMLL African mustard Malcolmia africana LLLLL Alflafa Medicago sativa HHHHH Alkali aster Machaeranthera glabriuscula LLLLL Alpine forget-me-not Myosotis alpestris MMMLL Alpine leafybract aster Aster foliaceus canbyi MLMML Alpine mountain sorrel Oxyria digyna MMMLL Alpine phacelia Phacelia hastata MHMLL Alpine pussy toes Antennaria alpina MMMLL Alsike clover Trifolium hybridum HHHHH Amaranth or pigweed Amaranthus blitoides MMML- American bistort Polygonum bistortoides LMMLL American licorice Glycyrrhiza lepidota LLLLL American vetch Vicia americana HHHH Annual stickseed Lappula redowskii LMLL- Arrowleaf balsamroot Balsamorhiza sagittata HHHHM Arrowleaf groundsel Senecio triangularis HHM- Aspen peavine Lathyrus leucanthus HMHHM Aster Machaeranthera grindeloides LMMLL Avens Geum rossiiterbinatum MMMLL Avens Geum triflorum MMMLL Baby pondweed Potemogeton pusillus LLMLL Badlands wyethia Wyethia scabra MMMLL Ballhead sandwort Arenaria congesta LMMLL Ballhead waterleaf Hydrophyllum capitatum HHH- Barbey larkspur Delphinium barbeyi - P MMMLL Beargrass Xerophyllum tenax LLMLL Beckwith milkvetch Astragalus beckwithii MMMM- Bee spiderflower Cleome serrulata MMM- Big stinging nettle Urtica dioica LMLLL Bigelow aster Machaeranthera bigelovii LLLLL Bigroot ladysthumb Polygonum coccineum LMMLL Birdsfoot deervetch Lotus corniculatus HHHMH Bitterroot lewisia Lewisia redivia LMLLL Black medick Medicago lupulina HHHMM Black mustard Brassica nigra MMMMM Blue mustard Chorispora tenella MMML Blue penneycress Thlaspi montanum MML- Bluebell Campanula rotundifolia MMMML * Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Blue-eyed-grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium pedicularis MMMLL Bracted pedicularis bracteosa LLLLL Budbeak Corydalis aurea LMLL Buffalobur nightshade Solanum rostratum LLLLL Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare LLLLL Bush knotweed Polygonum ramosissimum LMMLL Butter-and-eggs toadflax Linaria vulgaris LLLLL California false-hellebore Veratrum californicum LLMLL Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis MLMMM Canada horseweed Conyza canadensis LMMLL Canada thistle Cirsium arvense LLLLL Carrot leaf leptotaenia Lomatium dissectum MML-- Cattail Typha asgustifolia LLLLL Centaurea Centaurea maculosa LLLLL Chickpea milkvetch Astragalus cicer HHHMH Chickweed Stellaria media HH— Chicory lettuce Lactuca tatarica puchella HHHML Cinquefoil Potentilla fruticosa MLMMM Cinquefoil Potentilla glandulosa MLMML intermedia Clasping pepperweed Lepidium perfoliatum LMLL Cluster tarweed Madia glomerata LLLLL Cocklebur Xanthium strumarium LLLLL Columbia monkshood Aconitum columbianum - P MMMLL Columbine Aquilegia species LMMLL Common bladderwort Utricularia vulgaris L Common camass Camassia quamash MHMM Common cattail Typha latifolia LLLLL Common dandelion Taraxacum officinale HHHHH Common duckweed Lemna minor LLLLL Common hounds tongue Cynoglossum officinale LLLLL Common pear-everlasting Anaphalis margarttacea LLLLL Common perennial gaillardia Gaillardia aristata MMMML Common poolmat Zannichellia palustris L Common sainfoin Onobrychis viciaefolia HHHMM Common sneezeweed Helenium autumnale LLLLL Common starlily Leucocrinum montanum LLLLL Common sunflower Helianthus annuus MMMML Cowparsnip Heracleum spondylium HHHHM Cryptantha Cryptantha celosiodes MMM- Cryptantha Cryptantha humilis MMM- Cryptantha Cryptantha sericea MMM- Curley gumweed Grindelia squarrosa LLLLL Curly dock Rumex crispus MMMLL Curly pondweed Potamogeton crispus LLMLL Curly top ladysthumb Polygonum lapathifolium LMMLL Cushion coryphantha Coryphantha vivipara LLLLL Cutleaf balsamroot Balsamorhiza macrophylla MHMML Cutleaf coneflower Rudbeckia laciniata LLLLL Dalea Dalea purpurea -

2 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Dalea Dalea villosa Dalea, prairie clover Dalea enneandra Dalmatian toadflax Linaria dalmatica LLLLL Dandelion hawksbeard Crepis runcinata MHMLL Darkthroat shootingstar Dodecatheon pulchellum MHMM- Desert Indian paintbrush Castilleja chromosa MMMML Desert globemallow Sphaeralcea ambigua MMMML Desert princesplume Stanleya pinnata LMLLL Desert trumpet eriogonum Eriogonum inflatum LLL- Dogweed Dyssodia papposa LLL-- Dotted gayfeather Liatris punctata MMMMM Douglas chaenactis Chaenactis douglasii LMLLL Douglas knotweed Polygonum douglasii LMMLL Douglas waterhemlock Cicuta douglasii - P LLLLL Drummond milkvetch Astragalus drummondii LLL-- Drummond rockcress Arabis drummondii MMMLL Duckpotato arrowhead Sagittaria cuneata LLLLL Duncecap larkspur Delphinium occidentale-P MMMLL Dwarf clover Trifolium nanum HHHHH Dyers woad Isatis tinctoria LMML- Eaton penstemon Penstemon eatonii HHHML Edible valerian Valeriana edulis HHHHL Elephanthead lousewort Pedicularis groenlandica LLLLL Elk thistle Cirsium foliosum LLLLL Elkslip marshmarigold Caltha leptosepala HMHML Engelmann aster Aster engelmannii HHHML Engelmann fleabane Erigeron engelmannii HHHMM Eriogonum Eriogonum flavum HHHML Eschscholtz buttercup Ranunculus eschscholtzii MMM- European glorybind Convolvulus arvensis HHHHM European stickseed Lappula echinata LMLL- European strawberry Fragaria vesca bracteata MMMMM Evening primrose Oenothera coronopifolia MMM- False boneset Kuhnia eupatoriodes MMMLL Fat Solomon-plume Smilacina racemosa MHMML Fendler meadowrue Thalictrum fendleri MMMLL Fendler sandwort Arenaria fendleri potemogeton LMMLL Fennell-leaf pondweed pectinatus LLMLL Field horsetail Equisetum arvense LLLLL Field penneycress Thlaspi arvense MML- Field sowthistle Sonchus arvensis MMLL Filaree Erodium cicutarium HHH-- Fireweed Epilobium angustifolium HHHML Fitweed Corydalis caeseana LMLL- Fivehook bassia Bassia hyssopifolia MMMMM Fivenerve helianthella Helianthella quinquenervis MMMLL Flannel mullein Verbascum thapsus LLLLL Fleabane Erigeron argentatus HHHMM Flexile milkvetch Astragalus flexuosus MML- Flowery phlox Phlox multiflora LMLLL Foothill deathcamas Zigadenus paniculatus-p LMMLL

3 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Forget-me-not Eritrichium aretioides L Fremont geranium Geranium fremontii HHHML Fremont penstemon Penstemon fremontii MMMLL Fuzzy tongue penstemon Pemstemon eriantherus MMMLL Geranium Geranium viscossimum MHMLL Geyer larkspur Delphinium geyeri - p LLLLL Giant goldenrod Solidago gigantea LMLLL Glasswort Salicornia rubra LLLLL Gooseberryleaf globemallow Sphaeralcea grossulariaefolia MHM Goosefoot Chenopodium rub rum HHM-- Gray hawksbeard Crepis intermedia HHHMM Gray lomatium Lomatium grayi MML-- Graylocks hymenoxys Hymenoxys grandiflora MMMML Groundplum milkvetch Astragalus crassicarpus LLL- Groundsel Senecio plattensis MMM- Groundsel Senecio riddellii MMM-- Groundsel Senecio serra MHMLL Hairleaf water buttercup Ranunculus aquatilis LLL-- Hairy goldaster Heterotheca villosa MMMLL Hairy vetch Vicia villosa HHHH Halogeton Halogeton glomeratus - P LLL-- Heath aster Aster ericoides pansus MMMLL Heath aster Leucelene ericoides L Hemp dogbane Apocynum cannabinum - P LLLLL Hoary aster Machaeranthera canescens MMMML Hoary balsamroot Balsamorhiza incana HHHHM Hollyleaf clover Trifolium gymnocarpon HHHHH Hoods phlox Phlox hoodii LMLLL Hook violet Viola adunca HHH- - Hooker balsamroot Balsamorhiza hookeri HHHHM Hooker sandwort Arenaria hookeri LMMLL Hormwort Ceratophyllum demersum L Horsetail milkweed - P Asclepias subverticillata LLLLL Houndstongue hawksweed Hieracium cynoglossoides HHHML Hymenopappus Hymenopappus filifolius MMMLL Klamath weed Hypericum perforatum P LLLLL Lambert crazyweed Oxytropis lambertii - P LLLLL Lambsquarter goosefoot Chenopodium album HHMM Lambstongue fawnlily Erythronium grandiforum MHM- Lambstongue groundsel Senecio integerrimus - P HHM- Lancedleaved sedum Sedum lanceolatum LMLLL Lanceleaf bluebells Mertensia lanceolata HHHHM Leafy musineon Musineon divaricatum MMM- Leafy poleminium Polemonium foliossimum MMMLL Leafy pondweed Potamogeton foliosus LLMLL Leafy spurge Euphorbia esula LMLLL Lessor bladderwort Utricularia minor L Lewis flax Linum lewisii MHMML Little larkspur Delphinium bicolor- P MMMLL Littleleaf pussy toes Antennaria parvifolia MMMLL Lobeleaf groundsel Senecio multilobatus MMM-

4 .

FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Lomatium Lomatium foeniculaceum MML- Longleaf phlox Phlox longifolia LMLLL Longleaf pondweed Potemogeton nodosus LLMLL Longstalk clover Trifolium longipes MMMMM Low fleabane Erigeron pumilus HHHMM Low pussy toes Antennaria dimorpha MMMLL Marsh arrowgrass Triglochin palustre L Mat penstemon Penstemon caespitosus LMLLL Maximilian sunflower Helianthus maximilianii MMMML Meadow deathcamas Zigadenus venenosus - P LMLLL Meadow salsify Tragopogon pratensis MHMLL Milkvetch Astragalus adsurgens robustior MMML- Milkweed Asclepias labriformis -P LLLLL Missouri goldenrod Solidago missouriensis LMLLL Missouri milkvetch Astragalus missouriensis LLL-- Modoc hawksbeard Crepis modocensis HHHMM Moss silene Silene acaulis MMMLL Mountain bluebells Mertensia ciliata HHHHM Mountain deathcamas Zigadenus elegans - P LMMLL Mountain lupine Lupinus alpestris MMMLL Mountain thermopsis Thermopsis montana LLLLL Mulesear wyethia Wyethia amplexicaulis MHMLL Munro globemallow Sphaeralcea munroana MHMML Musk bristlethistle Carduus nutans LLLLL Narrowleaf lomatium Lomatium triternatum MML- Narrowleaf poisonvetch Astragalus pectinatus - P MMM- Nettleleaf horsemint Agastache urticifolia LLMML Nevada onion Allium nevadense MHL-- Nipple coryphantha Coryphantha missouriensis LLLLL Nodding eriogonum Eriogonum cernuum MMMLL Nodding onion Allium ceruum MHL- Northern bedstraw Galium boreale MMMLL Northern sweetvetch Hedysarum boreale HHHHH Northwest cinquefoil Potentilla gracilis MLMML Northwestern painted-cup Castilleja angustifolia MMMML Nuttall larkspur Delphinium nuttallianum-p LLLLL Nuttall violet Viola nuttallii HHH- Oblongleaf bluebells Mertensia oblongifolia HHHHM Oneflower fleabane Erigeron simplex HHHMM Oneflower helianthella Helianthella uniflora MMMHM Oregon fleabane Erigeron speciosus macranthus HHHMM Pacific aster Aster chilensis adscendens MMMML Pale agroseris Agoseris glauca HHHM- Palmer penstemon Penstemon palmeri MMMLL Parrot feather Myriophyllum spicatum LLLLL Parry clover Trifolium parryi MMMMM Parsley Cymopterus purpurascens LML-- Peavine Lathyrus ochroleucus . HMHHM Penstemon Penstemon albidus MMMLL Penstemon Penstemon laricifolius MMMLL Pepperweed whitetop Cardaria draba LMMLL

5 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Phlox Phlox condensata LLLLL Phlox Phlox muscoides LMLLL Pinnate tansymustard Descuraninia pinnata LML- Plains erysimum Erysimum asperum MHMM- Poison-hemlock Conium maculatum - P LLLLL Pondweed Potamogeton filiformis LLMLL Porter ligusticum Ligusticum porteri HHHHL Poverty sumpweed Iva axillaris LMLLL prairie pepperweed Lepidium densiflorum LMLL Prairie spiderwort Tradescantia occidentalis Prairie sunflower Helianthus petiolaris MMMML Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola HHHML Prickly oxytenia Oxytenia acerosa LLLLL Prostrate knotweed Polygonum aviculare LMMLL Puncture vine Tribulus terrestris LLL-- Purplespot fritillary Fritillaria atropurpurea MHM- Pursh locoweed Astragalus purshii MMML- Rag sumpweed Iva xanthifolia LMLLL Red baneberry Actaea rubra LMLLL Red clover Trifolium pratense MMMMM Redroot amaranth Amaranthus retroflexus HHHM- Redroot eriogonum Eriogonum racemosum MMMLL Richardson pondweed potemogeton richardsonii LLMLL Rocky Mountain buttercup Ranunculus cymbalaria MMM- Rocky Mountain iris Iris missouriensis LLLLL Rocky Mountain penstemon Penstemon strictus MMMLL Rocky Mountain pleated Gentiana affinis MML- gentiana Rose pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria rosea MMMLL Rush eriogonum Eriogonum effusum Rush skeletonplant LLLLL Lygodesmia juncea LLLLL Russian centaurea Centaurea repens Russian thistle MMLLM Salsola pestifer (kali) MMMLL Rusty lupine Lupinus pusillus Sagebrush buttercup Ranunculus glaberrimus MMM- Scarlet gaura Gaura coccinea LMLLL Scarlet globemallow Sphaeralcea coccinea MMMML Scarlet painted-cup Castilleja miniata MMMML Scott clematis Clematis hirsutissima MMMML Seaside arrowgrass Triglochin maritimum - P H Seepweed Suaeda calceoliformis LMLLL Seepweed Suaeda intermedia LMLLL Segolily, mariposa lily Calochortus nuttallii HHHM- Sheep sorrel Rumex acetosella MMMML Shephards-purse Capsella bursa-pastoris MMMMM Shortstyle onion Allium brevistylum MHL- Showy alpine groundsel Senecio amplectens LMLLL Showy frasera Frasera speciosa MMMMM Showy milkweed Asclepias speciosa - P LLLLL Silkly milkvetch Astragalus cibarius MMML- Silky crazyweed Oxytropis sericea - p LLLLL

6 - - -- FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings

FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Silky lupine Lupinus sericeus - P MMMLL Silky phacelia Phacelia sericea MHMLL Silverleaf cinquefoil Potent ilIa anserina MLMML Silvery lupine Lupinus argenteus - P MMMLL Slimflower scurf-peer Psoralea tenuiflora LMMLL Slimleaf goose foot Chenopodium leptophyllum HHM- Small frasera Frasera montana MMMMM Smooth horsetail Equisetum laevigatum LLLLL Snowball sandverbena Abronia fragrans LLLLL Spikemoss selaginella Selaginella densa densa LMLLL Spotted ladysthumb Polygonum persicaria LMMLL Spreading pasque-flower Anemone patens mulifida MMMLL Star duckweed Lemna trisulca LLLLL Starry Solomon-plume Smilacina stellata MHMML Starry cerastium Cerastium arvense LMMLL Stemless hyffienoxys Hyffienoxys acaulis MMMML Stemless spring parsley Cyffiopterus acaulis LML-- Stiff goldenrod Solidago rigida LMLLL Stiffstem flax Linum rigidum MML-- Strawberry clover Trifolium fragiferum LLLLL Sulphur painted-cup Castilleja sulphurea MMMML Sunflower Helianthus rigidus MMMML Sweetanise Osmorhiza occidentalis HHHML Tailcup lupine Lupinus caudatus - P MMMLL Tansyleaf aster Machaeranthera tanacetifolia LLLLL Tapertip hawksbeard Crepis acuminata HHHMM Tapertip onion Allium acuminatum MHL- Tenpedal mentzelia Mentzelia decapetala MMM- Texas croton Croton texensis LLLLL Textile onion Allium textile MHL- Thickleaf groundsel Senecio crassulus HHM- Thistle Cirsium coloraense LLLLL Timber poisonvetch Astragalus convallarius-P MMML- Toadflax Comandra umbellata MMMLL Tuber starwort Stellaria jamesiana MHMML Tufted evening primrose Oenothera caespitosa MMM- Tufted milkvetch Astragalus spactulatus LLLL- Tufted rockmat Petrophytum caespitosum LMMLL Tumblemustard Sisyffibrium altissimum MM--- Twinflower sandwort Arenaria obtusiloba LMMLL Twogrooved locoweed Astragalus bisulatus - P LMLL- Upright prairie coneflower Ratibida columnifera MMMLL Utah glasswort, samphire Salicornia utahensis LLLLL Vegetable-oyster salsify Tragopogon porrifolius MHMLL Veiny dock Rumex venosus LMMLL Veiny meadowrue Thalictrum venulosum MMMLL Velvet lupine Lupinus leucophyllus - P MMMLL Velvety goldenrod Solidago moll is LMLLL Venus-cup teasel Dipsacus sylvestris LLLLL Virginia strawberry Fragaria virginiana MMMMM Virginsbower Clematis columbiana MMMML

7 Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Wasatch penstemon Penstemon cyananthus LMLLL Watermeal Wolffia punctata L Waterplantain Alisma plantago-aquatica L Wavyleaf thistle Cirsium undulatum LLLLL Waxleaf penstemon Penstemon nitidus MMMLL Wayside gromwell Lithospermum ruderale MMMLL Weedy milkvetch Astragalus miser - P MMM- Western coneflower Rudbeckia occidentalis LLLLL Western goldenrod Solidago occidentalis LMLLL Western hawksbeard Crepis occidentalis MHMLL Western meadowrue Thalictrum occidentale MMMLL Western painted-cup Castilleja occidentalis HHHHL Western scouring-rush Equisetum hyemale LLLLL Western virginsbower Clematis ligusticifolia MMMML Western yarrow Achillea millefolium lanulosa MMMML Whipple penstemon Penstemon whippleanus MMMLL Whiproot clover Trifolium dasphyllum HHHHH White clover Trifolium repens HHHHH White sage Artemisia ludoviciana MMMLL White sweetclover Melilotus alba HHHHL Whitehead wyethia Wyethia helianthoides MMMLL Whitestem mentzelia Mentzelia albicaulis MMM- - Wholeleaf painted-cup Castilleja integra MMMML Widgeongrass Ruppia maritima LLLLL ( Wildbergamot beebalm Monarda fistulosa M Wing eriogonum Eriogonum alatum MMMLL Wooly Indianwheat Plantago patagmica MMMM- Wooly groundsel Senecio canus HHM- Wooly milkvetch Astragalus mollissimus-P MMM- Woolyweed Hieracium scouleri HHHML Wyoming painted-cup Castilleja linariaefolia MMMML Yellow Indian Paintbrush Castilleja flava MMMML Yellow fritillary Fritillaria pudica MHM- - Yellow salsify Tragopogon dubius major MHMMM Yellow spiderflower Cleome lutea MMM- Yellow sweetclover Melilotus officinalis HHHML

8 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings

GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW*

Agropyron albicans Montana wheatgrass MHLLM** Agropyron cristatum Fairway wheatgrass MHLLM Agropyron dasystachyum Thickspike wheatgrass MHLLM Agropyron desertorum Crested wheatgrass MHLLM Agropyron elongatum Tall wheatgrass MMLLM Agropyron intermedium Intermediate wheatgrass MHMLM Agropyron repens Quackgrass MMMLM Agropyron riparium Streambank wheatgrass MMMLM Agropyron scribneri Scribner wheatgrass LMLLL Agropyron smithii western wheatgrass MHLLM Agropyron spicatum inerme Beardless bluebunch MMLLM Agropyron spicatum spicatum Hairy bluebunch MMLLM Agropyron trachycaulum Slender wheatgrass MMMMM Agropyron trichophorum Pubescent wheatgrass MMLLM Agrostis alba Redtop bentgrass LMLLL Agrostis exarata Spike bentgrass LMLLL Agrostis idahoensis Idaho redtop LMLLL Agrostis scabra Rough bentgrass Carpet bentgrass LMLLL Agrostis stolonifera MMHLL Agrostis variabilis MMHLL Alopecurus pratensis Meadow foxtail MMLLM Andropogon barbinodis Cane beardgrass LLLLM Andropogon hallii Sand bluestem MLMML Aristida fendleriana Fendler three-awn LLLLL Aristida longiseta longiseta Red three-awn LLLLL Aristida longiseta robusta Red three-awn LLLLL Aristida oligantha Prairie three-awn LMLL- Aristida purpurea Purple three-awn LMLLL Arrhenatherum elatius Tall oatgrass wildoat MMLLM- Avena fatua Common oat LML-L Avena sativa American sloughgrass LML-L Beckmannia syzigachne Needle grama LMLLL Bouteloua aristidoides Sixweeks grama LLMLL Bouteloua barbata Sideoats grama LLL-- Bouteloua curtipendula Black grama LMLLL Bouteloua eriopoda Blue grama LMLLL Bouteloua gracilis Hairygrama LMLLL Bouteloua hirsuta Mat grama LMLLL Bouteloua simplex LLLLL Bromus anomalus MHMMM Bromus brizaeformis Rattlesnake grass MML- Bromus carinatus Mountain brome MMMLL Bromus ciliatus Fringed brome MHMMM Bromus commutatus Hairy brome MMM- * Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Bromus inermis Smooth brome MMMLM Bromus japonicus Japanese chess MML- Bromus marginatus Big mountain brome MMMLL Bromus moll is Soft chess MMM- Bromus polyanthus Foothill brome MMMLL Bromus pumpellianus Pumpelly brome MMMLM Bromus rigidus Ripgut brome LML- Bromus rubens Foxtail brome MML- Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass MHLLH Buchloe dactyloides Buffalo grass LLMLL Calamagrostis canadensis Bluejoint reedgrass MMMML Calamagrostis inexpansa Northern reedgrass MMMLM Calamagrostis montanensis Plains reedgrass LMLLL Calamagrostis purpurascens Purple pinegrass MMMML Calamagrostis rubescens Pinegrass MMLLM Calamovilfa longifolia Prairie sandreed LMMLL Carex albo-nigra Black & white sedge H Carex aquatilis Water sedge MMMMM Carex aurea Golden sedge MMMMM Carex brevipes Shortstemmed sedge M Carex douglasii Douglas sedge MMMLL Carex ebenea Ebony sedge MMMMM Eggleston sedge Carex egglestonii Needleleaf sedge MMMMM Carex eleocharis Blackroon sedge MMMMM ~, Carex elynoides Smoothfruit sedge MMMMM Carex epapillosa Ovalhead sedge MMMMM Carex festivella Treadhead sedge MMMMM Carex filifolia Elk sedge LMLLL Carex geyeri Sun sedge MHMMM Carex heliophila MMMMM Carex heteroneura MMMMM Carex lanuginosa Wooly sedge MMMMM Carex microptera Smallwing sedge MMMML Carex nebraskensis Nebraska sedge MMMMM Carex nigricans Black alpine sedge MMMMM Carex obtusata Obtuse sedge MMMMM Carex praegracilis Silver sedge MMMMM Carex raynoldsii Raynolds sedge MMMMM Carex rossii Ross sedge LMLLL Carex rostrata Beaked sedge LMLLL Carex rupestris Rock sedge MMMMM Carex tolmiei Tolmie sedge MMMMM Catabrosa aquatica Brookgrass MMMMM Cenchrus longispinus Sandbur LLLLL Dactylis glomerata Orchardgrass HHHHM Danthonia californica California danthonia MMMMM Danthonia intermedia Timber danthonia HHHHL Danthonia parryi Parry danthonia MMMML Danthonia unispicata Onespike danthonia MMMML Deschampsia caespitosa Tufted hairgrass MMMML Distichlis stricta Inland saltgrass LLLLL

2 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings

Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Echinochloa crus-galli Barnyard grass MMMLL Eleocharis acicularis Needle spikerush MMLLL Eleocharis palustris Spikerush LLLLL Elymus ambiguus Salina wildrye LLLLL Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye LMLLL Elymus caput-medusa Medusahead rye LLL- Elymus cinerus Great Basin wildrye MHMMM Elymus condensatus Giant wild rye LMLLL Elymus glaucus Blue wildrye MMMLM Elymus junceus Russian wildrye HHMMH Elymus simplex LLLLL Elymus triticoides Creeping wildrye LMLLL Eragrostis cilianensis Stinkgrass LLLLL Eragrostis trichodes Sand lovegrass MMMMM Festuca arizonica Arizona fescue MMMLL Festuca arundinacea Reed fescue MMMLM Festuca idahoensis Idaho fescue MHMMM Festuca ovina Sheep fescue MHMMM Festuca rubra Red fescue MMMMM Festuca scrabrella Rough fescue MMMLM Fesctuca thurberi Thurber fescue MMMLL Festuca viridula Greenleaf fescue MHMMM Glyceria grandis American mannagrass HMHHM Glyceria striata Fowl mannagrass LLLLL Heteropogon contortus Tanglehead LMLLL Hilaria belangeri Curly mesquite MMMMM Hilaria jamesii Galleta MMHMM Hilaria rigida Big galleta MHMLL Hordeum brachyantherum Meadow barley MHLLL Hordeum jubatum Foxtail barley MHLML Juncus balticus Baltic rush LMLLL Juncus longistylis Longstyle rush LMLLL Juncus parryi Parry rush LMLLL Kobresia myosuroides Kobresia LMLLL Kobresia sibirica Kobresia LLLLL Koeleria cristata Prairie junegrass MHHMM Leersia oryzoides Rice cutgrass MMLLL Lolium perenne Perennial ryegrass MMMLL Melica bulbosa Oniongrass MHMMM Melica spectabilis Showy oniongrass MHMMM Muhlenbergia asperifolia Alkali muhly M Muhlenbergia cuspidata Sandhills muhly MMMLM Muhlenbergia montana Mountain muhly MMMMM Muhlenbergia porteri Bush muhly MLMML Muhlenbergia pungens Sandhill muhly L Muhlembergia racemosa Green muhly MMMLL Muhlenbergia richardsonis Mat muhly MMMLL Muhlenbergia torreyi Ring muhly MMMLL Munroa squarrosa False buffalograss LMLLL Oryzopsis hymenoides Indian ricegrass MHMMH Oryzopsis micrantha Littleseed ricegrass MHMMH

3 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Panicum capillare Common witchgrass LMLLL Panicum virgatum Switchgrass LMLLL Phalaris arundinacea Reed canarygrass MMMLL Phleum alpinum Alpine timothy MMMHM Phleum pratense Timothy MMHHM Phragmites australis Common reed LLLLL Poa alpina Alpine bluegrass HHHHL Poa ampla Big bluegrass HHHHM Poa arida Plains bluegrass MMMLL Poa bulbosa Bulbosa bluegrass MHMLM Poa canbyi Canby bluegrass HHHMM Poa compressa Canada bluegrass HHHHM Poa cusickii Cusick bluegrass HHHMM Poa fendleriana Mutton bluegrass MHMMM Poa juncifolia Alkali bluegrass MHMMM Poa nemoralis Wood bluegrass M Poa nervosa Wheeler bluegrass MMMLL Poa nevadensis Nevada bluegrass MMMMM Poa palustris Fowl bluegrass MMMMM Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass HHHMH Poa reflexa Nodding bluegrass MHMMM Poa secunda (sandbergii) Sandburg bluegrass MHLMM Redfieldia flexuosa Blowoutgrass LMLLL Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem HHHML Scirpus acutus Tule bulrush LLLLL Scirpus americanus American bulrush LLLLL Scirpus maritimus Bulrush LLLLL Scirpus olneyi Olney bulrush LLLLL Scirpus validus Softstem bulrush LLLLL Secale cereale Winter rye LMLLL Setaria glauca Yellow bristlegrass LMLLL Setaria italica Bristlegrass LMLLL Setaria viridis Green bristlegrass LMLLL Sitanion hystrix Bottlebrush squirreltail MHLLM Sorghastrum nutans Yellow Indiangrass LMLLL Sorghum vulgare Sorghum sudangrass M Sparganium eurycarpum Giant burreed LLLLL Spartina gracilis Alkali cordgrass LLLLL Spartina pectinata Prairie cordgrass LMLLL Sporobolus airoides Alkali sacaton LMLLL Sporobolus contractus Spike dropseed MHMML Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand dropseed MMMLL Sporobolus heterolepis Dropseed HHHHM Stipa columbiana Subalpine needlegrass MHMMM Stipa comata Needle and thread MHLLM Stipa lettermanii Letterman needlegrass MMMLL Stipa occidentalis Western needlegrass MMMML Stipa pinetorum Pinewoods needlegrass H Stipa richardsonii Richardson needlegrass MMMLL Stipa scribneri Scribner needlegrass MMMLL Stipa thurberiana Thurber needlegrass MMMLM

4 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Stipa viridula Green needlegrass MHMMM Trisetum spicatum Spike trisetum MHMMM Vulpia octoflora Sixweeks fescue MMM-

5 FORBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW*

Abronia fragrans Snowball sandverbena LLLLL** Achillea millefolium lanulosa Western yarrow MMMML Aconitum columbianum - P Columbia monkshood MMMLL Actaea rubra Red baneberry LMLLL Agastache urticifolia Nettleleaf horsemint LLMML Agoseris glauca Pale agroseris HHHM Alisma plantago-aquatica Waterplantain L Allium acuminatum Tapertip onion MHL-- Allium brevistylum Shortstyle onion MHL-- Allium ceruum Nodding onion MHL-- Allium nevadense Nevada onion MHL-- Allium textile Textile onion MHL- Amaranthus blitoides Amaranth or pigweed MMML Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot amaranth HHHM Anaphalis margarttacea Common pear-everlasting LLLLL Anemone patens mulifida Spreading pasque-flower MMMLL Antennaria alpina Alpine pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria dimorpha Low pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria parvifolia Littleleaf pussy toes MMMLL Antennaria rosea Rose pussy toes MMMLL Apocynum cannabinum - P Hemp dogbane LLLLL Aquilegia species Columbine LMMLL Arabis drummondii Drummond rockcress MMMLL Arenaria congesta Ballhead sandwort LMMLL Arenaria fendleri Fendler sandwort LMMLL Arenaria hookeri Hooker sandwort LMMLL Arenaria obtusiloba Twinflower sandwort LMMLL Artemisia ludoviciana White sage MMMLL Asclepias labriformis -P Milkweed LLLLL Asclepias speciosa - P Showy milkweed LLLLL Asclepias subverticillata Horsetail milkweed - P LLLLL Aster chilensis adscendens Pacific aster MMMML Aster engelmannii Engelmann aster HHHML Aster ericoides pansus Heath aster MMMLL Aster foliaceus canbyi Alpine leafybract aster MLMML Astragalus adsurgens robustior Milkvetch MMML Astragalus beckwithii Beckwith milkvetch MMMM Astragalus bisulatus - P Twogrooved locoweed LMLL Astragalus cibarius Silkly milkvetch MMML- Astragalus cicer Chickpea milkvetch HHHM- Astragalus convallarius-P Timber poisonvetch MMML * Y=Year Round, s=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW*

Agrostis variabilis MMHLL** Bromus anomalus MHMMM Carex atherodes Carex heteroneura MMMMM Elymus simplex LLLLL Alkali bluegrass Poa juncifolia MHMMM Alkali cordgrass Spartina gracilis LLLLL Alkali muhly Muhlenbergia asperifolia M Alkali sacaton Sporobolus airoides LMLLL Alpine bluegrass Poa alpina HHHHL Alpine oat Helictotrichon hookeri Alpine timothy Phleum alpinum MMMHM American bulrush Scirpus americanus LLLLL American mannagrass Glyceria grandis HMHHM American sloughgrass Beckmannia syzigachne LMLLL Arizona fescue Festuca arizonica MMMLL Baltic rush Juncus balticus LMLLL Barnyard grass Echinochloa crus-galli MMMLL Beaked sedge Carex rostrata LMLLL Beardless bluebunch Agropyron spicatum inerme MMLLM Big bluegrass Poa ampla HHHHM Big galleta Hilaria rigida MHMLL Big mountain brome Bromus marginatus MMMLL Black & white sedge Carex albo-nigra H Black alpine sedge Carex nigricans MMMMM Black grama Bouteloua eriopoda LMLLL Blackroon sedge Carex elynoides MMMMM Blowoutgrass Redfieldia flexuosa LMLLL Blue grama Bouteloua gracilis LMLLL Blue wildrye Elymus giaucus MMMLM Bluejoint reedgrass Calamagrostis canadensis MMMML Bottlebrush squirreltail Sitanion hystrix MHLLM Bristlegrass Setaria italica LMLLL Brookgrass Catabrosa aquatica MMMMM Buffalo grass Buchloe dactyloides LLMLL Bulbosa bluegrass Poa bulbosa MHMLM Bulrush Scirpus maritimus LLLLL Bush muhly Muhlenbergia porteri MLMML California danthonia Danthonia californica MMMMM Canada bluegrass Poa compressa HHHHM Canada wildrye Elymus canadensis LMLLL Canby bluegrass Poa canbyi HHHMM Cane beardgrass Andropogon barbinodis LLLLM Carpet bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera MMHLL * Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW

Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum MHLLH Common oat Avena sativa LML-L Common reed Phragmites australis LLLLL Common witchgrass Panicum capillare LMLLL Creeping wildrye Elymus triticoides LMLLL Crested wheatgrass Agropyron desertorum MHLLM Curly mesquite Hilaria belangeri MMMMM Cusick bluegrass Poa cusickii HHHMM Douglas sedge Carex douglasii MMMLL Dropseed Sporobolus heterolepis HHHHM Ebony sedge Carex ebenea MMMMM Eggleston sedge Carex egglestonii MMMMM Elk sedge Carex geyeri MHMMM Fairway wheatgrass Agropyron cristatum MHLLM False buffalograss Munroa squarrosa LMLLL Fendler three-awn Aristida fendleriana LLLLL Foothill brome Bromus polyanthus MMMLL Fowl bluegrass Poa palustris MMMMM Fowl mannagrass Glyceria striata LLLLL Foxtail barley Hordeum jubatum MHLML Foxtail brome Bromus rubens MML-- Fringed brome Bromus ciliatus MHMMM Galleta Hilaria jamesii MMHMM Giant burreed Sparganium eurycarpum LLLLL Giant wild rye Elyffius condensatus LMLLL Golden sedge Carex aurea MMMMM Great Basin wildrye ElyffiuS cinerus MHMMM Green bristlegrass Setaria viridis LMLLL Green muhly Muhlembergia racemosa MMMLL Green needlegrass Stipa viridula MHMMM Greenleaf fescue Festuca viridula MHMMM Hairy bluebunch Agropyron spicatum spicatum MMLLM Hairy brome Bromus commutatus MMM- Hairygrama Bouteloua hirsuta LMLLL Idaho fescue Festuca idahoensis MHMMM Idaho redtop Agrostis idahoensis LMLLL Indian ricegrass Oryzopsis hYffienoides MHMMH Inland saltgrass Distichlis stricta LLLLL Intermediate wheatgrass Agropyron intermedium MHMLM Japanese chess Bromus japonicus MML-- Kentucky bluegrass Poa pratensis HHHMH Kobresia Kobresia myosuroides LMLLL Kobresia Kobresia sibirica LLLLL Letterman needlegrass Stipa lettermanii MMMLL Little bluestem Schizachyrium scoparium HHHML Littleseed ricegrass Oryzopsis micrantha MHMMH Longstyle rush Juncus longistylis LMLLL Mat grama Bouteloua simplex LLLLL Mat muhly Muhlenbergia richardsonis MMMLL Meadow barley Hordeum brachyantherum MHLLL Meadow foxtail Alopecurus pratensis MMLLM

2 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW

Medusahead rye Elymus caput-medusa LLL- Montana wheatgrass Agropyron albicans MHLLM Mountain brome Bromus carinatus MMMLL Mountain muhly Muhlenbergia montana MMMMM Mutton bluegrass Poa fendleriana MHMMM Nebraska sedge Carex nebraskensis MMMMM Needle and thread Stipa comata MHLLM Needle grama Bouteloua aristidoides LLMLL Needle spikerush Eleocharis acicularis MMLLL Needleleaf sedge Carex eleocharis MMMMM Nevada bluegrass Poa nevadensis MMMMM Nodding bluegrass Poa- reflexa MHMMM Northern reedgrass Calamagrostis inexpansa MMMLM Obtuse sedge Carex obtusata MMMMM Olney bulrush Scirpus olneyi LLLLL Onespike danthonia Danthonia unispicata MMMML Oniongrass Melica bulbosa MHMMM Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata HHHHM Ovalhead sedge Carex festivella MMMMM Parry danthonia Danthonia parryi MMMML Parry rush Juncus parryi LMLLL Perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne MMMLL Pinegrass Calamagrostis rubescens MMLLM Pinewoods needlegrass Stipa pinetorum H Plains bluegrass Poa arida MMMLL Plains reedgrass Calamagrostis montanensis LMLLL Prairie cordgrass Spartina pectinata LMLLL Prairie junegrass Koeleria cristata MHHMM Prairie sandreed Calamovilfa longifolia LMMLL Prairie three-awn Aristida oligantha LMLL- Pubescent wheatgrass Agropyron trichophorum MMLLM Pumpelly brome Bromus pumpellianus MMMLM Purple pinegrass Calamagrostis purpurascens MMMML Purple three-awn Aristida purpurea LMLLL Quackgrass Agropyron repens MMMLM Rattlesnake grass Bromus brizaeformis MML-- Raynolds sedge Carex raynoldsii MMMMM Red fescue Festuca rubra MMMMM Red three-awn Aristida longiseta longiseta LLLLL Red three-awn Aristida longiseta robusta LLLLL Redtop bentgrass Agrostis alba LMLLL Reed canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea MMMLL Reed fescue Festuca arundinacea MMMLM Rice cutgrass Leersia oryzoides MMLLL Richardson needlegrass Stipa richardsonii MMMLL Ring muhly Muhlenbergia torreyi MMMLL Ripgut brome Bromus rigidus LML-- Rock sedge Carex rupestris MMMMM Ross sedge Carex rossii LMLLL Rough bentgrass Agrostis scabra LMLLL Rough fescue Festuca scrabrella MMMLM

3 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW

Russian wildrye Elymus junceus HHMMH Salina wildrye Elymus ambiguus LLLLL Sand bluestem Andropogon hallii MhMML Sand dropseed Sporobolus cryptandrus MMMLL Sand lovegrass Eragrostis trichodes MMMMM Sandbur Cenchrus longispinus LLLLL Sandburg bluegrass Poa secunda (sandbergii) MHLMM Sandhill muhly Muhlenbergia pungens L Sandhills muhly Muhlenbergia cuspidata MMMLM Scribner needlegrass Stipa scribneri MMMLL Scribner wheatgrass Agropyron scribneri LMLLL Sheep fescue Festuca ovina MHMMM Shortstemmed sedge Carex brevipes M Showy oniongrass Melica spectabilis MHMMM Sideoats grama Bouteloua curtipendula LMLLL Silver sedge Carex praegracilis MMMMM Sixweeks fescue Vulpia octoflora MMM- Sixweeks grama Bouteloua barbata LLL-- Slender wheatgrass Agropyron trachycaulum MMMMM Smallwing sedge Carex microptera MMMML Smooth brome Bromus inermis MMMLM Smoothfruit sedge Carex epapillosa MMMMM Soft chess Bromus mollis MMM- Softstem bulrush Scirpus validus LLLLL Sorghum sudangrass Sorghum vulgare M Spike bentgrass Agrostis exarata LMLLL Spike dropseed Sporobolus contractus MHMML Spike trisetum Trisetum spicatum MHMMM Spikerush Eleocharis palustris LMLLL Stinkgrass Eragrostis cilianensis LLLLL Streambank wheatgrass Agropyron riparium MMMLM Subalpine needlegrass Stipa columbiana MHMMM Sun sedge Carex heliophila MMMMM Switchgrass Panicum virgatum LMLLL Tall oatgrass Arrhenatherum elatius MMLLM Tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum MMLLM Tanglehead Heteropogon contortus LMLLL Thickspike wheatgrass Agropyron dasystachyum MHLLM Thurber fescue Fesctuca thurberi MMMLL Thurber needlegrass Stipa thurberiana MMMLM Timber danthonia Danthonia intermedia HHHHL Timothy Phleum pratense MMHHM Tolmie sedge Carex tolmiei MMMMM Treadhead sedge Carex filifolia LMLLL Tufted hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa MMMML Tule bulrush Scirpus acutus LLLLL Water sedge Carex aquatilis MMMMM Western needlegrass Stipa occidentalis MMMML Wheeler bluegrass Poa nervosa MMMLL Wildoat Avena fatua LML-L Winter rye Secale cereale LMLLL

4 GRASSES - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW

Wood bluegrass Poa nemoralis M Wooly sedge Carex lanuginosa MMMMM Yellow Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans LMLLL Yellow bristlegrass Setaria glauca LMLLL Western wheatgrass Agropyron smithii MHLLM

5 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW* Rocky Mountain Maple Acer glabrum Catclaw acacia MMMMM** Acacia greggii Iodine bush LMLLL Allenrolfea occidentalis Thinleaf alder LLLLL Alnus tenuifolia Bur-sage LLLLL Ambrosia artemisiifolia Bur-sage LLLLL Ambrosia psilostachya LLLLL coronopifolia Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon serviceberry HHMHH Amelanchier utahensis Utah serviceberry HHMHH Amorpha canescens Leadplant amorpha M Amorpha fruticosa Indigobush amorpha M Arctostaphylos patula Greenleaf manzanita LLLLM platyphylla Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry LLLLM Artemisia arbuscula Low sagebrush HHHMH Artemisia biglovii Biglow sagebrush MMMMM Artemisia cana cana Silver sagebrush M Artemisia cana viscidula Mountain silver sagebrush M Artemisia cana bolanderi Bolander silver sagebrush H Artemisia dracunculus Sand sagebrush Artemisia filifolia LLLLM Fringed sagebrush HHHMH Artemisia frigida Black sagebrush Artemisia nova LLLMM Birdfoot sagebrush L Artemisia pedatifida Pygmy sagebrush Artemisia pygmaea LLLLL Artemisia scorpulorum MLMMM Artemisia spinescens Bud sagebrush HHMMH Artemisia tridentata Basin big sagebrush LLLLL tridentata MLLMM Artemisia tridentata Mountain big sagebrush vaseyana Artemisia tridentata Wyoming big sagebrush LLLLM wyomingensis Artemisia tripartita rupicola Wyoming threetip LLLMM Artemisia tripartita sagebrush LLLLM tripartita argentea Tall threetip sagebrush Artiplex bonnevillensis canescens Saltbush LLLMM Artiplex confertifolia corrugata Saltbush LLMML Artiplex cuneata Fourwing saltbush HHHHH Artiplex falcata Shadscale LLMML Artiplex Mat saltbush LMMLL Atriplex Castle valley clover LMMLL Artiplex LMMLL

* Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Mediuffi, L=Low Data from USPS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Artiplex gardneri Gardner saltbush MMMMM Artiplex garrettii Garrett saltbush MMMMM Artiplex nuttallii Saltbush MMMMM Artiplex obovata Saltbush LMLLL Berberis fendleri Barberry LLLMM Ceanothus fendleri Fendler ceanothus MMMMM Ceanothus martinii Martin ceanothus LLLLM Ceanothus anguineus Redstem ceanothus LLLLM Ceanothus velutinus Snowbush ceanothus LLLLM Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry LLLLL Ceratoides lanata Common winterfat HHHHH Cercocarpus intricatus Littleleaf mountain HMMHH mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius Curl leaf mountain HHHHH mahogany Cercocarpus montanus True mountain mahogany HMHHM mahogany Chamaebratiaria millefolium Desert sweet LLLLL Chrysothamnus depressus Chrysothamnus MMMMM greenei Chrysothamnus nauseosus Greens rabbitbrush MMMMM albicaulis White rubber rabbitbrush HMHHH Chrysothamnus nauseosus consimilis Rubber rabbitbrush LLLLM Chrysothamnus nauseosus graveolens Green rubber rabbitbrush HMHHH Chrysothamnus nauseosus hololeucus Rubber rabbitbrush HMHHH Chrysothamnus nauseosus nauseosus Rubber rabbitbrush LLLLM Chrysothamnus nauseosus salicifolius Rubber rabbitbrush HMMHH parryi parryi Chrysothamnus vaseyi Parry rabbitbrush MMLLM Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus Vasey rabbitbrush MMLMM Chrysothamnus elegans Low rabbitbrush MLLMM Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus lanceolatus Mountain low rabbitbrush MLLMM Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus pumilus Low rabbitbrush MLMMM Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus stenophyllus Narrowleaf low LLLMM Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus rabbitbrush viscidiflorus Stickyleaf low LLLMM Coleogyne ramosissima rabbitbrush Cowania mexicana Blackbrush MLLMM Crataegus douglasii Stansbury cliffrose Douglas HHMHH Ephedra nevadensis hawthorn MML Ephedra torreyana Nevada ephedra MLLMH Ephedra viridis Torrey ephedra MLLMM Eriogonum microthecum Green ephedra MLLMM laxiflorum Eriogonum MLMMM

2 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW Eriogonum ovalifolium Cushion eriogonum MMLLM Eriogonum umbellatum aureum Sulfur eriogonum MMLLM Eurotia lanata Winterfat HMMHH Fallugia paradoxa Apache-plume MLLMH Grayia brandegei Spineless hopsage MMLMH Grayia spinosa Spiny hopsage MMLMH Guttierrezia sarothrae Broom snakeweed LLLLL Haplopappus acaulis Goldenweed MLLMM Holodiscus discolor Rockspirea (creambush) MLLMM Holodiscus dumosus Bush ocean-spray MLLMM Juniperus communis Mountain common juniper LLLLM Juniperus horizontalis Creeping juniper LLLLM Juniperus monosperma One-seed juniper LLLMM Juniperus osteosperma Utah juniper LLLMM Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountian juniper LLLMM Kochia Americana Green molly summer MMMMM Cypress or red sage Kochia scoparia Summer cypress HHHHH Larrea divicata Spreading creosotebush LLLLL Leptodactylon pungens Prickly phlox LLLLL Lonicera involucrate Bearberry honeysuckle MMLLM Lonicera utahensis Utah honeysuckle MMLLM Mahonia femontii Fremont barberry LLLLL Mahonia repens Creeping barberry MMMMM Mammilaria missiouriensis Nipple cactus LLLLL Opuntia echinocarpa Strawtop pricklypear LLLLL Opuntia fragilis Brittle pricklypear LLLLL Opuntia polyacantha Plains pricklypear LLLLL Pachistima myrsinites Myrtle pachistima MLMLM Peraphyllum ramosissimum Squaw-apple HMMHH Philadelphus microphyllus Mockorange MLLMM occidentalis Physocarpus malvaceus Mallow ninebark MLLML Physocarpus monogynus Mountain ninebark MLLML Prosopis glandulosa Mesquite (juliflora) LLLLL Prunus emarginata Bittercherry MHMMM Prunus virginiana - P Common chokecherry MHMMM Purshia glandulosa Desert bitterbrush MLLMM Purshia tridentate Antelope bitterbrush HMHHH Quercus gambelii Gambel oak HMMHH Quercus macrocarpa Bur oak HMMHH Quercus turbinella Shrub live oak MMMMM Rhamnus cathartica Common buckthorn LLLLL Rhus glabra Rocky Mountain sumac MLLMH Rhus trilobata trilobata Skunk bush sumac LLLMM Ribes aureum Golden currant HMHMH Ribes cereum Wax currant HLMHH Ribes hudsonianum Currant MLMMM Ribes inerme Whitestem gooseberry MLMMM Ribes montigenum Gooseberry currant MMMHH Ribes setosum Missouri gooseberry MMMHH Ribes viscosissimum Sticky currant MMMHH SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Scientific Names

Genus and Species Common Name YSSFW

Robinia neomexicana New Mexico locust MMMHH Robinia pseudoacacia Black locust MMMML Rosa arkansana Rose HHHHM Rosa woodsii Woods rose HMHHH Rubus deliciosus Raspberry MMMML Rubus idaeus sachalinensis American red raspberry MLMML Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry MLMML Salix amygdaloides Peachleaf willow MMMMM Salix arctica Arctic willow HMMHH Salix bebbiana Smooth bebb willow MMMMM Salix boothii Booth willow MMMMM Salix brachycarpa Short-fruit willow MMMHM Salix commutata Undergreen willow MMMHM Salix drummondiana Drummond willow MMMMM Salix eastwoodiae Eastwood willow MMMMM Salix exigua exigua Coyote sandbar willow HMMHH Salix exigua melanopsis Dusky willow MMMMM Salix geyeriana Geyer willow MMMMM Salix lasiandra Whiplash willow MMMMM Salix lemmonii Lemmons willow MMMMM Salix lutea Yellow willow HMMHH Salix planifolia Planeleaf willow MMMMM Salix nigra Black willow MLMMM Salix nivalis Snow willow HMMHH Salix scouleriana Scouler willow HHHHH Sambucus cerulea Blueberry elderberry HHHHH Sambucus racemosa Elder HMMMH Sarcobatus vermiculatus Black greasewood MMLMM Shepherdia argentea Silver buffaloberry MLMMM Shepherdia canadensis Russet buffaloberry MLMMM Shepherdia rotundifolia Roundleaf buffaloberry MLMMM Spiraea betulifolia Spirea MLMML Syfiphoricarpos albus Common snowberry MLMHH Symphoricarpos longiflorus Longflower snowberry MLMHH Syfiphoricarpos occidentalis Western snowberry MLMMM Syfiphoricarpos oreophilus Mountain snowberry MMMHH Tetradyfiia canescens Gray horsebush LLLLL Tetradyfiia glabrata Littleleaf horsebush LLLLL Tetradyfiia nuttallii Nuttal horsebush LLLLL Tetradyfiia spinosa Cottonhorn horsebush LLLLL Vaccinium caespitosum Dwarf blueberry HHLHM Vaccinium mambranaceum Big whortleberry MMMHM Vaccinium myrtillus Myrtle whortleberry MHLHM Vaccinium scoparium Grouse whortleberry MMMMM Vitis arizonica Canyon grape LLMML Vitis riparia Grape LLMML Yucca baccata Datil yucca LMLLL Yucca brevifolia Joshua-tree yucca LMLLL Yucca glauca Yucca LMLLL

4 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW*

Artemisia dracunculus Artemisia H ** scorpulorum Artiplex falcata MLMMM Chrysothamnus depressus LMMLL Rubus idaeus sachalinensis Purshia MMMMM American red raspberry tridentata MLMML Antelope bitterbrush Fallugia paradoxa HMHHH Apache-plume Salix arctica MLLMH Arctic willow Berberis fendleri HMMHH Barberry Artemisia tridentata LLLMM Basin big sagebrush tridentata LLLLL Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry honeysuckle Lonicera involucrata LLLLM Big whortleberry Vaccinium mambranaceum MMLLM Biglow sagebrush Artemisia biglovii MMMHM Birdfoot sagebrush Artemisia pedatifida MMMMM Bittercherry Prunus emarginata L Black greasewood Sarcobatus vermiculatus MHMMM Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia MMLMM Black sagebrush Artemisia nova MMMML Black willow Salix nigra LLLMM Blackbrush Coleogyne ramosissima MLMMM Blueberry elderberry Sambucus cerulea MLLMM Bolander silver Artemisia cana bolanderi HHHHH sagebrush Salix boothii MMMMM Booth willow Opuntia fragilis LLLLL Brittle pricklypear Guttierrezia sarothrae LLLLL Broom snakeweed Artemisia spinescens HHMMH Bud sagebrush Quercus macrocarpa HMMHH Bur oak Ambrosia artemisiifolia LLLLL Bur-sage Ambrosia psilostachya LLLL Bur-sage coronopifolia Holodiscus dumosus MLLMM Bush ocean-spray Vitis arizonica LLMML Canyon grape Atriplex cuneata LMMLL Castle valley clover Acacia greggii LMLLL Catclaw acacia Rhamnus cathartica LLLLL Common buckthorn Prunus virginiana - P MHMMM Common chokecherry Celtis occidentalis LLLLL Common hackberry Symphoricarpos albus MLMHH Common snowberry Ceratoides lanata HHHHH Common winterfat Tetradymia spinosa LLLLL Cottonhorn horsebush Salix exigua exigua HMMHH Coyote sandbar willow

* Y=Year Round, S=Spring, S=Summer, F=Fall, W=Winter ** H=High, M=Medium, L=Low Data from USFS, Range Analysis Handbook, Region 4, 11/86

1 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names

Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW Creeping barberry Mahonia repens MMMMM Creeping juniper Juniperus horizontalis LLLLM Curlleaf mountain Cercocarpus ledifolius HHHHH mahogany Currant Ribes hudsonianum MLMMM Cushion eriogonum Eriogonum ovalifolium MMLLM Datil yucca Yucca baccata LMLLL Desert bitterbrush Purshia glandulosa MLLMM Desert sweet Chamaebratiaria millefolium LLLLL Douglas hawthorn Crataegus douglasii MML Drummond willow Salix drummondiana MMMMM Dusky willow Salix exigua melanopsis MMMMM Dwarf blueberry Vaccinium caespitosum HHLHM Eastwood willow Salix eastwoodiae MMMMM Elder Sambucus racemosa HMMMH Eriogonum Eriogonum microthecum MLMM laxiflorum Fendler ceanothus Ceanothus fendleri MMMMM Fourwing saltbush Artiplex canescens HHHHH Fremont barberry Mahonia fremontii LLLLL Fringed sagebrush Artemisia frigida HHHMH Gambel oak Quercus gambelii HMMHH Gardner saltbush Artiplex gardneri MMMMM Garrett saltbush Artiplex garrettii MMMMM Geyer willow Salix geyeriana MMMMM Golden currant Ribes aureum HMHMH Goldenweed Haplopappus acaulis MLLMM Gooseberry currant Ribes montigenum MMMHH Grape Vitis riparia LLMML Gray horsebush Tetradymia canescens LLLLL Green ephedra Ephedra viridis MLLMM Green molly summer Kochia americana MMMMM cypress or red sage Green rubber Chrysothamnus nauseosus HMHHH rabbitbrush graveolens Greenleaf manzanita Arctostaphylos patula LLLL platyphylla Greens rabbitbrush Chrysothamnus greenei MMMMM Grouse whortleberry Vaccinium scoparium MMMMM Indigobush amorpha Amorpha fruticosa M Iodine bush Allenrolfea occidentalis LLLLL Joshua-tree yucca Yucca brevifolia LMLLL Leadplant amorpha Amorpha canescens M Lemmons willow Salix lemmonii MMMMM Littleleaf horsebush Tetradymia glabrata LLLLL Littleleaf mountain Cercocarpus intricatus HMMHH mahogany Longflower snowberry Symphoricarpos longiflorus MLMHH

Low rabbitbrush Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus MLLMM elegans

2 SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings SHRUBS - Mule Deer Preference Ratings Common Names Common Names Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW Common Name Genus and Species YSSFW Saltbush Artiplex bonnevillensis LLMML LowSaltbush rabbitbrush ChrysothamnusArtiplex nuttallii viscidiflorus MLMMMMMMMM Saltbush Artiplex obovata pumilus LMLLL LowSand sagebrush sagebrush ArtemisiaAtemisia arbuscula filifolia HHHMHLLLLM MallowSaskatoon ninebark serviceberry PhysocarpusAmelanchier malvaceus alnifolia MLLMLHHMHH MartinScouler ceanothus willow CeanothusSalix scouleriana martinii LLLLMHHHHH MatShadscale saltbush ArtiplexArtiplex corrugata confertifolia LMMLLLLMML MesquiteShort-fruit (juliflora) willow ProsopisSalix brachycarpa glandulosa LLLLLMMMHM MissouriShrub livegooseberry oak RibesQuercus setosum turbinella MMMHHMMMMM MockorangeSilver buffaloberry PhiladelphusShepherdia microphyllusargentea MLLMMLMMM Silver sagebrush Artemisia cana cana occidentalis M MountainSkunk bush big sagebrush sumac ArtemisiaRhus trilobata tridentata trilobata MLLMMLLLMM Smooth bebb willow Salix bebbiana vaseyana MMMMM MountainSnow willow commom juniper JuniperusSalix communis nivalis LLLLMHMMHH MountainSnowbush low ceanothus ChrysothamnusCeanothus velutinus viscidiflorus MLLMMLLLLM Spineless hopsagerabbitbrush Grayia brandegei lanceolatus MMLMH MountainSpiny hopsage ninebark PhysocarpusGrayia spinosa monogynus MLLMLMMLMH MountainSpirea silver ArtemisiaSpiraea betulifoliacana viscidula MMLMML Spreading creosotebushsagebrush . Larrea divicata LLLLL MountainSquaw-apple snowberry SymphoricarposPeraphyllum oreophilus ramosissimum MMMHHHMMHH MyrtleStansbury pachistima cliffrose pachistimaCowania myrsinitesmexicana MLMLMHHMHH MyrtleSticky whortleberry currant VacciniumRibes viscosissimum myrtillus MHLHMMMMHH NarrowleafStickyleaf low low ChrysothamnusChrysothamnus viscidiflorus viscidiflorus LLLMM LLLMM rabbitbrushrabbitbrush viscidiflorus stenophyllus NevadaStrawtop ephedra pricklypear EphedraOpuntia nevadensis echinocarpa MLLMHLLLLL NewSulfur Mexico eriogonum locust RobiniaEriogonum neomexicana umbellatum aureum MMMHHMMLLM NippleSummer cactus cypress MammilariaKochia scoparia missouriensis LLLLLHHHHH NuttalTall horsebushthreetip sagebrush Tetradymia Artemisia nuttalliitripartita LLLLLLLLLM One-seed juniper Juniperus monosperma tripartita LLLMM MMLLM ParryThimbleberry rabbitbrush ChrysothamnusRubus parviflorus parryi parryi MLMML PeachleafThinleaf willow alder SalixAlnus amygdaloides tenuifolia MMMMMLLLLL PlainsTorrey pricklypear ephedra OpuntiaEphedra polyacantha torreyana LLLLLMLLMM PlaneTrue leaf mountain willow mahogany SalixCercocarpus planifolia montanus MMMMMHMHHM PricklyUndergreen phlox willow LeptodactylonSalix commutata pungens LLLLLMMMHM PygmyUtah sagebrushhoneysuckle ArtemisiaLonicera pygmaea utahensis LLLLLMMLLM RaspberryUtah juniper RubusJuniperus deliciosus osteosperma MMMMLLLLMM RedstemUtah serviceberry ceanothus CeanothusAmelanchier anguineus utahensis LLLLMHHMHH RockspireaVasey rabbitbrush (creambush) HolodiscusChrysothamnus discolor vaseyi MLLMMMMLMM RockyWax Mountaincurrant Maple AcerRibes glabrum cereum MMMMMHLMHH RockyWestern Mountain snowberry juniper JuniperusSymphoricarpos scopulorum occidentalis LLLMMMLMMM RockyWhiplash Mountain willow sumac RhusSalix glabra lasiandra MLLMHMMMMM RoseWhite rubber RosaChrysothamnus arkansana nauseosus HHHHMHMHHH Roundleaf buffaloberryrabbitbrush Shepherdia rotundifolia albicaulis MLMMM RubberWhitestem rabbitbrush gooseberry Winterfat ChrysothamnusRibes inerme nauseosus LLLL Woods rose consimilis MLMMM Eurotia lanata HMMHH RubberWyoming rabbitbrush big sagebrush ChrysothamnusRosa woodsii nauseosus HMHH hololeucus HMHHH Artemisia tridentata LLLLM Rubber rabbitbrush Chrysothamnus nauseosuswyomingensis LLLL Wyoming threetip Artemisia tripartitanauseosus LLLMM Rubber rabbitbrush sagebrush Chrysothamnus nauseosusrupicola HMMH Yellow willow Salix lutea salicifolius MLMMMHMMHH RussetYucca buffaloberry ShepherdiaYucca glauca canadensis LMLLL Saltbush Artiplex argentea LLLMM 4 3