Forensic Science KEY Review: Chapter 8 Serology

1) Type AB blood contains: A & B antigens 2) In the United States, the rarest blood type is: AB

3) The sensitivity of the Takayama and Teichmann crystal tests for the identification of bloodstains is __less than______the sensitivity of the Kastle-Meyer color test for bloodstain identification.

4) To determine whether a bloodstain is of human or animal origin, the serologist will perform what types of tests? Precipitin test

5) Paternity testing is done involving a woman with type AB blood who has accused a man with type B blood of fathering her child who has tested AB. What can be determined in this case? The male could possibly be the father.

6) The amount of acid phosphatase in seminal fluid is ___greater than_____ the amount of acid phosphatase in blood.

7) What is PSA (p30)? A protein unique to seminal plasma

8) Evidence to substantiate that a rape occurred could include: injuries, blood, semen, hair, fibers

9) An individual who is type O has: neither A nor B antibodies

10) Where are antibodies found in the blood? Blood serum

11) If blood is found to have both A and B antigens it is typed as: AB

12) Spermatozoa can generally be found in the vagina of a living female after 3 days. (True/False)

13) Semen is unequivocally identified by the presence of spermatozoa. (True/False)

14) The likelihood of finding seminal acid phosphatase in vaginal swabs decreases with time. (True/False)

15) The enzyme p30 may be detected in the vaginal cavity up to 24 hours after intercourse. (True/False) 16) Semen will contain the enzyme p30. (True/False)

17) Which tests can tentatively identify a substance as blood? Kastle-Meyer test, luminol, Hemastix, phenolphthalein

18) The bonding of an antigen with its specific antibody causes agglutination. (True/False)

19) All bloods contain the enzyme peroxidase. (True/False)

20) A-B-O antigens are present in all human blood. (True/False)

21) The Kastle-Meyer test is used to determine whether blood is of human origin. (True/False)

22) Dried bloodstains may tentatively be identified as blood by a peroxidase test. (True/False)

23) _Red blood cells___ transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

24) The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody is known as: agglutination

25) Describe the proper collection and preservation of the seminal-stained clothing. Emphasize the proper collection of controls from the victim and suspect. a. Wear gloves. b. Collect clothing and articles with semen samples. c. Don’t fold or rub stain. d. Doctor or nurse collects blood from the victim & all suspects in the tube with EDTA. e. Collect pubic hairs. f. Label all containers.

26) Describe the forensic evidence used to help convict serial killer Ted Bundy. Teeth. Car. Eyewitness account. NO DNA.