Part 1: Study This Summary Definition of Management from the End of Chapter 1 of Management

Reading 7 Name:

Practice Final Exam Part I: Reading techniques. Answer the following questions: 1 point each. 1. What is one thing you can do while you read to help you identify important points?

2. Why does our textbook recommend that we write questions about a reading before we read it? Read the short passages below and answer the questions that follow. All excerpts taken from Fast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser.

1)"Influencing elementary school students is very important to soft drink marketers," an article in the January 1999 issue of the journal Beverage Industry explained, "because children are still establishing their tastes and habits." 2) Eight-year olds are considered ideal customers because they have about 65 years of purchasing in front of them. 3) "Entering the schools makes perfect sense," the trade journal concluded.

3. Paraphrase Sentence 2.

4. Which is a better inference about Sentence 3? ___“The trade journal believes that schools should be protected from advertisements.” ___“The journal believes that advertisements should be allowed everywhere.” 1) The fast food chains also benefit enormously when children drink more soda. 2) The chicken nuggets, hamburgers, and other main courses sold usually have the lowest profit margins. 3) Today McDonald's sells more Coca-Cola than anyone else in the world.

5. Choose the better paraphrase of Sentence 2. a) The least profitable items that fast food restaurants sell are the main dishes. b) The main dishes of fast food are nuggets made of chicken and hamburger sandwiches.

6. Summarize the entire passage.

1) These sodas provide “empty” calories – calories without nutrition – and have replaced far more nutritious beverages in the American diet. 2) Excessive soda consumption in childhood can lead to calcium deficiencies and a greater likelihood of bone fractures. 3) Twenty years ago, teenage boys in the U. S. drank twice as much milk as soda; now they drink twice as much soda as milk. 4) Soft drink consumption has even become commonplace among the nation’s toddlers. 5) About one-fifth of U.S. one- and two-year-olds now drink soda.

7. How old is a “toddler,” according to the author? 8. What do you think the author’s purpose could be in writing these passages? 9. Make an inference about the author’s opinion of soda based on Sentence 1. 10. Paraphrase Sentence 3.

Paraphrase, Vocabulary. Choose the best paraphrase of the given sentence. 11. He hasn’t chosen a challenging career. ______His chosen job isn’t hard. ______His chosen job is difficult.

12. The dominant mood among the students was cheerful. ______Most student seemed to be happy. ______The most powerful students seemed to be happy.

13. There is a greater potential for accidents when teenagers drive alone. ______When teenagers drive without supervision, more accidents always happen. ______When teenagers drive without supervision, more accidents may happen.

14. If you train a dog in a certain way, sounds can trigger their behaviors. ______You can teach a dog to create sounds. ______You can control a dog’s actions with sound.

15. What is the composition of this chemical compound? ______What is this chemical mixture made of? ______Where did this chemical mixture come from?

16. They have genetically selected the racehorses to have certain attributes. ______The racehorses seem to be genetically modified. ______The racehorses have inherited certain traits.

17. You can control your phenotype to some extent. ______We can alter the ways our genes affect us by changing our environment. ______We can alter the ways our genes affect us by changing our genotype. 18. Some stressors are so damaging, their persistence is incompatible with life. ______Some stressors are annoying and do not stop. ______Some stressors can kill you.

19. Part II: Vocabulary. Choose 5 words from this box of AWL words. Write the word’s part of speech, then write as many other forms of the word as possible (such as a noun form, verb form, adverb form).

20. Part of speech:identify function contribute enhance Other wordcrucial forms: dominant vary specific 21. Part of speech: Other word forms:

22. Part of speech: Other word forms:

23. Part of speech: Other word forms:

24. Part of speech: Other word forms: Paraphrase the sentences below. Use the given AWL word in your new sentence. You can change the part of speech, change between plural and singular, change verb form, and so on. target

Soda companies try to advertise directly to children by putting ads in schools.

Your paraphrase: exposure

We now may meet people from ten different countries every day, so we are experiencing different cultures constantly.

Your paraphrase: emphasis The instructor has focused on this point constantly.

Your paraphrase:

1. Why should a reader be able to distinguish between a fact and an opinion as they read? How will this skill help them?

2. In Reading 7, you are often asked to answer a question and to “show support.” What does “support” mean here? How do you show support in your answers, and why?

3. Write 5 AWL words. Use each in a sentence.

4. What is the ultimate message that Steinbeck wanted to share with us in The Pearl? Some people consider this novel to be about how the greed and ambition of one man destroys him. Others consider it to be about how society crushes the poor and weak, preventing them from changing their own lives. Which view do you support?

5. Choose one theme in the novel and discuss it. Explain what it is; what Steinbeck thinks of it; what each chapter has to say about it. Also discuss your own opinion of the theme. 6. The pearl itself means different things to different people. Choose three different people and describe what the pearl means to each. 7. How do you format a quote? Why should you use a quote?

8. What are two important purposes a writer could have?

9. Listed below are cited sources from Selection #2. Match each cited source with the correct theory, study or ideas associated with the researchers. You will need to read the paragraph in the box below the table in order to do this.

Cited Sources Letter Associated Research Theme Match 1. Tulving, 1993 Implicit memory and … 2. Jacoby, Marriot, & Collins, 1990 A. depression 3. Nelson, 1993 B. ads 4. Duke & Carlson, 1993 C. amnesia D. depression E. self concept F. prejudice G. problem solving

Psychologists are now studying the role of implicit memory (and disassociations between explicit and implicit memory) in such important psychological phenomena as amnesia (Schacter, Church, & Treadwell, 1994; Tulving, 1993), depression (Elliot & Greene, 1992), problem solving (Jacoby, Marriot, & Collins, 1990), prejudice and stereotyping (Fiske, 1998), the development of self-concept in childhood (Nelson, 1993), and even the power of ads to associate brand names with good feelings (Duke & Carlson, 1993). The results of these studies shed new light on implicit memory and how it operates in the real world. (Source: Bernstein et al, 2000) Busting Small-Business Myths When considering a new business venture, every entrepreneur receives lots of well-meaning advice from friends and associates. Much of it is daunting, and if you’re not well-armed with facts, it’s easy to become discouraged. Mistaken notions can be repeated endlessly until they are accepted as “facts.” Fortunately, recent research sets the record straight on four common myths about small businesses. In this section, we’ll look at the realities of small-business failure, small companies as low wage payers, health care and the small business, and the impact small companies have on their local economies.

Outline A Outline B Outline C Busting Small Business Myths I. Intro A. Businesspeople get advice I. Intro I. Busting small-business myths A. Some commonly repeated A. failure B. Advice not true “facts” aren’t true B. low wages C. Research gives facts B. research gives facts C. health care II. Small Business Failure C. Preview of 4 myths D. local economies A. Low wages and small II. Business Failure companies III. Low wages B. Health care and small business IV. Health care C. Local economies and V. Local economies small companies 1.

Paraphrase. Write a paraphrase for each of these sentences. First, break the idea down. Simplify the language as much as possible. Original sentence: “Mendel concluded that offspring randomly receive one member of every pair of genes from the mother and one from the father.” (College Reading page 200)

Original sentence: “While the notion of an African origin of the human family has grown to be accepted by most scientists, the details of how Eve’s ancestors swept out of Africa to populate the rest of the world have remained murky.” (College Reading page 219)

"It seems that Nature has taken pleasure in varying the same mechanism in an infinity of different ways." (College Reading page 238) Write an original sentence to use each of the academic words.

diverse (Part of Speech: ______)

transform (Part of Speech: ______)

sequences (Part of Speech: ______)

displayed (Part of Speech: ______)

conception (Part of Speech: ______)

crucial (Part of Speech: ______)