Introductory Materials Abstract:______As the digital age grows, the Internet has become one way that computer users can access data from a specific location all over the world and becoming a powerful tool. This project will encompass a wide range of information related to power system security presented over the Internet and will allow users to access web-based software tools that deals with certain issues that they may face in applicable situations. These tools can run simulations under certain operating constraints that may lead to a system blackout. Upon completion, this useful Internet tool will be available to professors, students, and professional engineers dealing with the many issues of power system security.

Definition of Terms:______· Thermal rating: The peak temperature at which system hardware can operate with out causing excessive damage.

· Transient stability: A systems ability to return to the steady state condition after a fault sequence.

· Fault sequence: This includes a shock to the network and is accompanied by a transient.1

· Voltage stability: Stability in terms of voltage consistency throughout a circuit/feeder.

· Frequency stability: Stability in terms of frequency varying only from 59.9 – 60.1 Hz.

Project Plan Introduction:______General Background This project will consist of basic web functionality and design techniques. The user- friendly environment will provide concise information to the user. There will be a search engine on the site that can break down the search item by different subjects, as well as by the author and date of publication. This will provide the user with a more precise list of search results. The stability program will be a user tool for the professional engineer. It will not necessarily be as useful for a student because of the student’s lack of experience. The stability program will display the results in an effective and efficient way.

Technical Problem To accomplish this task, utilization of web design software and techniques will be crucial. The search engine will have access to a database of books, papers, web pages, etc. to provide the user with pertinent information relevant to subject of his or her choice. The design of this web page will be accomplished through the use of html programming

1 in Microsoft FrontPage. All information and web design will be stored on a temporary senior design server until ready to be commercialized.

Operating Environment This site will be accessible from any computer that has internet access. With the ever- growing availability of the world wide web, this web page will be able to be viewed by many people for professional and educational purposes.

Intended User(s) and Use(s) The intended users of this site include student and professors of power engineering as well as professional power engineers. Other electrical engineers may not have much use for this site due to the fact that it is geared towards power system engineers. The students who access this information will be assumed to have basic power analysis knowledge. One use of this project will be to find information in a specific area of power system security. The results will show where the necessary information may be obtained. These results will include web pages, books, technical papers, magazines, and videos. The second use of this project will be the access to a power stability program. Information will be inputted by the user, which will be sent to the server to access the stability program. Using this information, the program will calculate the necessary data and send the output back to the web page for the user to analyze.

Assumptions Because of the technical nature of this large-scale project, the user as well as the creator must meet certain requirements in order to use this web site in an effective and efficient manner.

· The user will have basic power analysis knowledge before using this web page.

· A server will be acquired that has adequate space to store all the web pages that will be created, the database information that is provided and organized, and the programs to create a web server. This web server needs to have the capability to run a database server, HTML, Java, and other Java to FORTAN programs.

· The user will use SI units for all data that is inputted.

· The data that is outputted will also be in SI units.

Limitations The speed of this web site will be a big factor in how efficiently it runs. In order to keep the efficiency as high as possible, certain limitations will be set on the web site.

· The connection speed of the user will determine the speed of the software.

· The power system stability program will only be able to take in a 30-bus system.

2 Design Requirements:______Design Objectives These objectives are goals that need to be accomplished prior to starting the project. In addition, these specific areas are discovered in greater detail while the actual project is being designed

· Learn web-based programming languages such as Java, HTML, and FORTRAN.

· A web server that can hold information for web page, collection of information, and web-based software.

Functional Requirements These requirements are what define the final product. These are needed in order to test the product so that it meets the defined requirements.

· The web page will contain the menus for information in several areas including: thermal rating, transient stability, voltage stability, oscillating stability, frequency stability and various power system stability areas. This will structure the collection of information that has been compiled.

· The web-based software will display results from a simulation dealing with a wide range of data based calculations. These can help determine under what conditions a blackout may occur.

Design Constraints Constraints are the bounds that need to be considered during the design of the project. Such bounds allow the creation of a project that has a specific needed purpose.

· The amount of space on the web server that is not linked to information of other servers.

· Internet connection speed of the user to access large sized if necessary.

Measurable Milestones Every project needs to know where it is at the current time. The following milestones create a sense where the current project is and how much what needs to be accomplished for the final product.

· Creating a pseudo homepage that can be applied to areas of power system stability.

· Hosting the homepage on a server so that people can access it from the Internet.

· Implementing the collection of information on the web page. This will allow users to view data in an organized fashion.

· Adding a simulation of the web-based software so that users can view a simple condensed version of the Java and FORTRAN programs.

3 · Perform successful test of final project.

End Product Description:______Web-based interaction over the Internet allows advanced, new generation applications that can aid in understanding the various factors that lead to power system blackouts. The web page involves a user-friendly graphical interface that helps users learn concepts of power system security. The use of data files and option windows will allow the web- based software to simulate a variety of operating conditions that may lead to a system blackout. An extensive database related to power system security will be accessible in a way that the user can extract specific information related to a particular aspect of the problem. Approach and Design:______Technical Approaches In every problem there are several solutions. To tackle the current project three ways were investigated: write all the code from scratch ourselves, use commercial problems and commercial software for all the code needed, or use the internet to find shareware that will allow the project to be completed. Each way has it's own benefits and drawbacks.

Technical Design Below are the aspects of the project that need to be taken in consideration to accomplish the project in a clear and concise manner.

· A search engine that will guide a local search of the information on power system stability.

· A web page that will organize information in a user-friendly manner.

· A Java-based program that displays collected data from a power system network. This program displays the outcome in a way based on the user’s preferences.

Testing Description Testing the end product in an objective manner is the only way to know if the product is user-friendly. In the early stages of development, the developers will self-test the website for flaws in areas such as the search engine and accessibility of links to other pages. One major user will be that of the client. The client will be asked for feedback on the web page design and web-based software to see if they meet the client’s needs. Once the end product is ready for public use, users will be given a chance to input their feedback via an email link to a webmaster of the web page.

4 Risks and Risk Management Problems can occur in the stage of development of the end product. Such problems include the loss of any group member, problems in debugging code, cost of commercial software, loss of a server, and any sort of internet related problems. To reduce these problems, measures need to be taken in the early stages of development. We will set goals that can be met every week and achieve them. Since there are four members, it is likely that one member will have a solution for a given problem as long the issue is looked at as soon as possible. These are a few ways that these problems can be reduced. Financial Budget:______Shown below in Table 1.1 is the estimated time that each member will spend over the next eight months in order to meet the team goal. The column of web page design includes all aspects of designing, which range from creating to testing of the web page itself.

Table 1.1: Individual Efforts Personnel Project Project Design Final Weekly Web Page Total Original Plan Poster Report Report Reports Design Estimated Effort Clinton Bruhn 15 12 11 16 7 52 113 hours Joseph Lang 16 13 13 15 1 56 114 hours Luke Steinbach 12 13 12 14 2 58 111 hours Danh Van 10 12 12 14 1 53 102 hours Total Team 53 50 48 59 11 219 440 hours Estimated Effort

Personnel Effort Budget:______Listed below in Table 1.2 is the estimated financial cost of this project. The printing aspect of the project will cover the cost of the project poster.

Table 1.2: Financial Budget Item Original Estimated Cost Labor $0 Printing $50 Equipment and parts $0 Total Estimated cost $50

5 Project Schedule

6 Closure Material Project Team Information:______Team Member: Team Member: Team Member: Clinton Bruhn Joseph Lang Luke Steinbach 2609 Aspen Road #6 212 South Hyland Apt. 3 4335 Maricopa Drive Apt. 3 Ames, Iowa 50010 Ames, Iowa 50014 Ames, Iowa 50014 Phone: (515) 268-3142 Phone: (515) 231-4011 Phone: (515) 268-5150 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email:[email protected] Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineer Electrical Engineer

Team Member: Faculty Advisor: Danh Van Venkataramana Ajjarapu 27 Schilletter Village Apt B Office: 1122 Coover Ames, Iowa 50010 Ph: (515) 294-7687 Phone: (515) 572-4207 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Associate Professor, Electrical Engineer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Summary:______The idea of power system stability is a complicated and difficult subject to understand. With the help of this web page, users will be able to access various documents and software to help them understand this topic better. The page will provide the user a tool that will aid in analyzing many real-world systems. Because of the complexity of this web site, this project may take longer than first anticipated. We will, however, complete the voltage stability portion of this project, depending on the time frame, add the additional parts of power system security after that. Most of the information needed to make this web site has already been obtained. The task set forth to us is to organize this information in an effective manner. Once the procedure has been set from the voltage stability aspect, the other parts of this web page should progress more rapidly. Once completed, this web site will help professional engineers as well as engineering students and professors for years to come.

7 References:______

1. Vittal, Vijay and Bergan, Arthur R. Power Systems Analysis 2 nd Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2000.

2. Ajjarapu, Venkataramana and Lee, B. “Bibliography on Voltage Stability.” http://vulcan.ee.iastate.edu/~venkatar/Biblio/biblio.html, October, 1997.

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