Number of Players

BASKETBALL History

Basketball was invented in Springfield, MA in 1891 by a Canadian Physical Education teacher named James Naismith. In Springfield, Naismith was faced with the problem of finding a sport that was suitable to play inside during the Massachusetts winter for the students at the YMCA . He had the idea of a non-contact sport where players were not allowed to run with the ball. Naismith wanted to create a game of skill for the students instead of one that relied solely on strength. He needed a game that could be played indoors in a relatively small space. The first game was played with a soccer ball and two peach baskets used as goals. The objective was to shoot the ball into your basket and prevent the other team from doing the same.

Number of Players Each team must have 5 players on the court in order to start the game. If a team has no substitutes and a player is disqualified, the team must play short a player(s).

Starting the Game The game is started by a jump ball between 2 opposing players. Each quarter is started with a throw in from mid court instead of a jump ball. If the ball is tied up between 2 opposing players, the ball is taken out of bounds where it was tied up. (the team that lost the jump ball at the start of the game gets the first "tied up" ball and then it switches back and forth from then on)

Scoring A field goal counts 2 or 3 points while a free throw counts 1 point. After a basket is made, the ball is put into play below the basket behind the end line by the opposite team than the one that scored.

Fouls  Personal Fouls: Any type of personal contact such as pushing, holding, charging, blocking, or tripping the opponent. A player will "foul out" if they get 5 fouls in any one game.  Shooting Fouls: When a personal foul is committed as the opponent is shooting, a shooting foul is awarded.  Team Fouls: The accumulation of personal, shooting, and technical fouls. If the team is not in the "bonus", the ball is put into play from the nearest point on the court where the foul occurred Free Throw A free throw is an unguarded shot from behind the free throw line.  If the basket is good, it counts 1 point  During a free throw the team shall line up at the free throw lanes within alternate lane spaces. At least one player from each team must line up at each of the 2 lane lines.  If the goal is made, the ball shall be put in play by an opponent out of bounds at any point behind the end line where the goal is scored.  If the goal is missed, and the ball touches the rim, the ball is in play.  The person attempting the free throw shall shoot the ball within 10 seconds after being awarded the ball.  If a player is fouled while shooting a two point shot, they get 2 shots, if the player made the shot, he/she only shoots 1. If the player is fouled while shooting a 3 point shot, they get to shoot 3.  A player may also shoot 1 free throw if they are fouled when not shooting AND the other team has 7 -9 team fouls. Once the other team has 10 or more fouls, the shooter will get 2 shots. Violations  5 second out of bounds violation: You have 5 seconds to get the ball in play from out of bounds.  5 second violation: Holding or dribbling the ball while closely guarded (6ft) results in the defense getting the ball out of bounds at the sideline closest to the infraction.  10 second violation: Boys only have 10 seconds to get the ball from the back court to the front court and over the midline.  3 second key violation: Any team member on the offensive team that stays in the key more than 3 seconds without the ball being shot. The ball is then given to the defensive team under the basket.  Traveling: Taking steps or moving both feet while holding the ball. The opposite team gets to take the ball in at the closest sideline.  Double dribble: Dribbling the ball with both hands, stopping the dribble, and then starting to dribble again. The opposite team gets to take the ball in at the closest sideline.  Line violation: Any line violation where the ball goes out of bounds or the player takes more than 5 seconds to get the ball thrown back into play, the ball is taken in by the opposite team at the spot it occurred.

Defenses  Person to Person (what we will use in class) – guarding a particular player on the court.  Zone – Guarding a particular area on your team’s defending side.

Terms 1. Back Court: That half of the court which contains the opponent's basket. 2. Dead ball: A ball which is temporarily out of play. 3. Defensive player: A player whose team does not possess the ball. 4. Double Dribble: When a player dribbles using both hands at once or when a player dribbles, stops, and dribbles again without another player touching the ball. 6. Dribble: A play in which a player gives impetus to the ball one or more times, causing it to rebound from the floor, and touches or regains possession of it. The dribble ends when the player touches the ball with both hands, permits the ball to come to rest in one or both hands, or directs it to another player.  Types of dribbles: Right hand, left hand, crossover, reverse, between the legs, behind the back 7. Front Court: A front court is half of the court which contains a teams' own basket. 8. Jump Ball: A method of putting the ball into play by tossing it up between two opponents in one of the three restraining circles. 9. Offensive Player: A player whose team has possession of the ball. 10. Pass: Movement of the ball caused by a player throwing, bouncing, batting, handing, or rolling the ball to another player.  3 types of passes: Overhead, Bounce, and chest 11. Pivot: A play in which the player holding the ball steps once or more than once in any direction with the same foot. The other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept at its initial point of contact with the floor. 12. Traveling: Illegal progression in any direction while retaining possession of the ball in bounds. 13. Disqualification: A player is automatically disqualified & immediately removed from the game when he has committed either of the following: 5 fouls or a single disqualifying foul Basketball Court