Biology Pre-Learning Check

Name: __Answer Key__ Pretest score: _____/83 Posttest score: _____/83 Pretest Ch 32 & 33: Animal kingdom and simple invertebrates

Vocabulary: Match the definition on the left with the term on the right.

1. __S__ organelle in sea jelly cells that causes the A. amoebocyte stinging B. anterior 2. __E__ asexual reproduction where a new organism C. apical organ grows off of the old one D. bilateral symmetry 3. __Z__ when a cell or cells work together to perform E. budding one function F. cephalization 4. __U__ small holes through which water enters G. choanocyte a sponge H. cnidocyte 5. __I__ the back of something (anatomical term) I. dorsal J. epidermis 6. __F__ having a sensory organs gathered in one K. filter feed area, usually the head L. gastrodermis 7. __O__ producing both male and female gametes M. gastrovascular cavity N. gemmule 8. __Q__ layer of “jelly” in between cell layers O. hermaphrodite of cnidarians P. medusa 9. __D__ having two sides that are identical Q. mesoglea R. motile 10. __W__ means “toward the tail” (anatomical term) S. nematocyst T. osculum 11. __P__ bell shaped, motile body plan for U. ostium (pl. ostia) a cnidarian V. polyp 12. __AA__ hard structures inside sponges that W. posterior give some of them support X. radial symmetry 13. __K__ getting food by pulling particles from Y. sessile the surrounding water Z. specialization 14. __H__ structure unique to cnidarians, has AA. spicule the “stinging cells” BB. ventral 15. __Y__ not able to move (referring to an organism)

16. __V__ bottle shaped, sessile form of cnidarians

17. __L__ cell layer lining the inside of a cnidarians

18. __G__ “collar cell” has flagella that move water into a sponge

19. __N__ reproductive structure of a sponge formed during adverse conditions

20. __T__ hole through which water leaves a sponge, the big hole on the top

21. __C__ structure which controls motion in ctenophorans

22. __BB__ toward the stomach (anatomical term)

23. __J__ outer layer of cells in a cnidarian

24. __R__ having the ability to move

25. __X__ circular body plan

26. __A__ cell in sponges that moves food/waste around inside

27. __B__ toward the head (anatomical term)

28. __M__ area inside cnidarians where food is digested and circulated

Here are some pictures of some simple animals. Use the word bank to label them. Letters may be used once, more than once or not at all 35. _E__ 29. __I__ 36. _D__ 30. _ _ Id phylumK 37. _F__ 31. _J_ 38. _C__

32. _A__ 33. _G_

34. _B__ 39. _H__ 40. _H__ 41. _E__

42. _D__

A. amoebocyte B. choanocyte 43. _F__ C. epidermis D. gastrodermis E. gastrovascular cavity 44. _C__ F. mesoglea G. mesohyl H. mouth I. osculum J. ostium K. spicule

Place a P by the statements that apply to Porifera Place a N by the ones that apply to Cnidarians Place a T by the ones that apply to Ctenophora You can put more than 1 letter by each statement, or leave it blank if it doesn’t apply to any.

45. ___N_____ stinging cells 46. ___N___ coral

47. ____P_____ choanocytes 48. ____N_____ medusa/polyp

49. ____P_____ ostia/osculum 50. _____P,N,T____ budding

51. ____P_____ amoebocytes 52. ____P,N*,T*_____ sessile

53. ____P_____ gemmules 54. _____P,N,T____ regenerate

55. ____P,N,T___ hermaphroditic 56. ___N,T__ radially symmetrical

57. ____N_____ hydra 58. ____P____ filter feeds

59. _____N____ sea jellies (jellyfish) 60. ____N,T_____ nerve net

61. _____N____ nematocyst 62. ____T____ comb jellies

63. ____N_____ sea anemone 64. ____T____ bioluminescence

65. ____P_____ sponges 66. __N,T___ gastrovascular cavity

67. - 70. There are 4 characteristics that place something in the animal kingdom. What are they? Multicellular (all have more than 1 cell) Eukaryotic (all have nucleus/organelles) Heterotrophic (all eat their food) Cell membrane only (no cell wall)

71. – 72. The animal kingdom is informally broken into 2 large groups. What are they and what are some examples? Vertebrates (those with backbones) like Fishes (3 kinds), amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals Invertebrates (no backbone) like sponges, sea anemones (Cnidarians), worms (3 kinds), sea stars (Echinoderms) and insects (Arthropods)

73. – 75. Describe what symmetry is. What kinds are there in the animal kingdom and what are some examples of each? Asymmetry…no sides look the same…sponges

Radial symmetry…body plan like a circle… cnidarians, ctenophorans

Bilateral symmetry…2 sides identical…pretty much all other animals, e.g. us 76. Why are sponges and jellies considered animals? They look more like underwater plants. They are heterotrophic (get food) not autotrophic (make food) like plants

They are motile (move) not sessile (stationary) like plants

77. – 80. There are four ways sponges reproduce. Name/describe each. Sexually…gametes released into water (external fertilization) Asexually: budding…new sponge grows off of old one regeneration…parts pulled off will grow into new animal gemmule…when conditions bad, make a ball of amoebocytes that survives and reproduces 81. – 83.Cnidarians take two different forms in their lifetime. Describe each and when they take that form, using specific examples. Polyp…looks like a tube or vase. Is sessile. Sea jellies (scyphozoans) have this as juvenile form. Anemones, corals (anthozoans) and hydras have this as adult form

Medusa…looks like a bell. Is motile. Anemones, corals (anthozoans) and hydras have this as juvenile form. Sea jellies (scyphozoans) have this as adult form.