Ch. 3.1 (P.72-77) the Southern Colonies Notes KEY

Ch. 3.1 (P.72-77) The Southern Colonies Notes -- KEY

Colony Year Founded Reason Founded Important Facts & People Jamestown 1607 To make a profit . Colony failed --Not prepared & (Settlement) diseases . John Smith (rules) & John Rolfe (tobacco) turned colony around. . Conflict with Powhatan Native Americans led to canceled charter.

Virginia 1624 Profit from tobacco . Large plantations—tobacco labor=indentured servants and slaves . Headright System-Rich colonists brought servants and slaves to get more land . Nathaniel Bacon—Former indentured servant--led rebellion over taxes and Indian policies.

Maryland 1632 Religious freedom Toleration Act of 1649 – Made it a crime for Catholics to restrict the religious rights of Christians.

Carolinas 1663-One Farming--profit Wealthy colonists from Europe brought (North & Colony many enslaved Africans with them (slaves South) 1712- far out number white settlers) Separated into North & South

Georgia 1732 . Shield colonies . James Oglethorpe—Founded Georgia- from Spanish limited land grant size, outlawed Florida slavery . Oglethorpe . Settlers unhappy with rules--Eventually wanted a place British government took over—soon for debtors to new laws and huge rice plantations have a fresh start and lots of slaves

Economies of Southern Colonies:

. Agriculture—cash crops: tobacco, rice, indigo . By 1700s main work force: enslaved Africans . Slave Codes—laws to control slaves

1 Ch. 3.2 (P.78-84) THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES – Notes KEY (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island)

Group Year Reasons for coming to America Important Facts & People Pilgrims 1620

. To escape religious persecution . Plymouth Rock in England . One of first attempts at self . To preserve English traditions government: Mayflower Compact = legal contract in which pilgrims agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good . Helped by Native Americans (Squanto)

Puritans 1630

Economic, political, and religious . John Winthrop—Puritan leader & 1st problems in England – wanted to Governor build an ideal Christian community . Massachusetts Bay Colony “Great Migration” . Thomas Hooker—wanted more democratic Gov. (Connecticut) . Roger Williams—separation of church and state & religious toleration (Rhode Island) . Anne Hutchinson—nurse who opposed Puritan leaders and policies

New England Economy

. Merchants-- traded locally, between colonies, and overseas . Fishing . Shipbuilding . Skilled Craftspeople

Education

. First laws requiring children to be educated

2 Ch. 3.3 (P.85-87) THE MIDDLE COLONIES – Notes KEY (New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware)

Colony Founding Nation / Year Reasons New York . First settled by Dutch in 1613 (New Fur Trade Netherland)

. Captured by Britain in 1664—renamed New York

New Jersey . Formerly Dutch—Became British in 1664 Fur Trade

Pennsylvania . British . Safe place for . Founded by William Penn in 1681 Quakers- . Penn was a Quaker proprietor of New Jersey . Based on Quaker ideals like: religious tolerance for ALL, equality of all men and women, nonviolence

ECONOMY OF MIDDLE COLONIES . Farmed staple crops – crops that are always needed, like wheat, barley, and oats

. Work force = slaves and indentured servants

. Traded actively with Britain and West Indies