Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 26
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Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 26 Editorial Board Ozgur Akan Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Paolo Bellavista University of Bologna, Italy Jiannong Cao Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Falko Dressler University of Erlangen, Germany Domenico Ferrari Università Cattolica Piacenza, Italy Mario Gerla UCLA, USA Hisashi Kobayashi Princeton University, USA Sergio Palazzo University of Catania, Italy Sartaj Sahni University of Florida, USA Xuemin (Sherman) Shen University of Waterloo, Canada Mircea Stan University of Virginia, USA Jia Xiaohua City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Albert Zomaya University of Sydney, Australia Geoffrey Coulson Lancaster University, UK Alexander B. Sideridis Charalampos Z. Patrikakis (Eds.) Next Generation Society Technological and Legal Issues Third International Conference, e-Democracy 2009 Athens, Greece, September 23-25, 2009 Revised Selected Papers 13 Volume Editors Alexander B. Sideridis Agricultural University of Athens, Informatics Laboratory 75, Iera Odos Street, Botanikos, 11855, Athens, Greece E-mail: [email protected] Charalampos Z. Patrikakis Agricultural University of Athens, Informatics Laboratory 75, Iera Odos Street, Botanikos, 11855, Athens, Greece E-mail: [email protected] Library of Congress Control Number: 2009943163 CR Subject Classification (1998): J.1, J.4, J.7, K.4, K.5, K.6 ISSN 1867-8211 ISBN-10 3-642-11629-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN-13 978-3-642-11629-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. springer.com © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2010 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: 12841752 06/3180 543210 Preface Recent developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have paved the way for a world of advanced communication, intelligent information processing and ubiquitous access to information and services. The ability to work, communicate, interact, conduct business, and enjoy digital entertainment virtually anywhere is rap- idly becoming commonplace due to a multitude of small devices, ranging from mobile phones and PDAs to RFID tags and wearable computers. The increasing number of connected devices and the proliferation of networks provide no indication of a slow- down in this tendency. On the negative side, misuse of this same technology entails serious risks in various aspects, such as privacy violations, advanced electronic crime, cyber terrorism, and even enlargement of the digital divide. In extreme cases it may even threaten basic principles and human rights. The aforementioned issues raise an important question: Is our society ready to adopt the technological advances in ubiqui- tous networking, next-generation Internet, and pervasive computing? To what extent will it manage to evolve promptly and efficiently to a next-generation society, adopt- ing the forthcoming ICT challenges? The Third International ICST Conference on e-Democracy held in Athens, Greece during September 23–25, 2009 focused on the above issues. Through a comprehen- sive list of thematic areas under the title “Next-Generation Society: Technological and Legal issues,” the 2009 conference provided comprehensive reports and stimulated discussions on the technological, ethical, legal, and political challenges ahead of us. As regards the technical program, the conference consisted of 54 oral presentations constituting 10 sessions, and two invited speeches, covered in two days. The confer- ence ended with a round table, summarizing and stimulating discussion. Two invited speakers from the legal and the technical section of the conference’s twofold topic led each day‘s presentations. The first day, invited speaker Spyros Simitis presented recent developments in ICT technology and their repercussions in the field of data protection. Two parallel ses- sions followed addressing both legal and technical topics. Regarding the legal issues, the first day included two special sessions on politics, legislation, and regulatory framework, in which papers addressing surveys, studies, and discussions regarding the regulatory issues, enforcement of data protection acts, and data protection laws, im- pact of Web technologies to e-Democracy, and e-services, digital forensics, biometric data, as well as protection of privacy were discussed among others. Regarding techni- cal issues, e-government and e-procurement services, as well as the use of ICT for supporting e-participation and e-voting, were discussed, with the parallel presentation of applications, services, and project results. Finally, security and privacy issues, cov- ering also the topics related to crime and attacks, were discussed with presentations on trust and security over the Web, security management, and computer virology. The second day, invited speaker Andrew Tanenbaum had opened the technical pro- gram with a plenary speech on the way the Internet has affected politics and elections. Following the pattern of the first day, parallel sessions––focusing mostly on technical VI Preface issues––concluded the presentations of the conference. The areas of interest of the researchers included e-Government, educational, collaboration, and social networking, as well as pervasive mobile and ubiquitous computing issues. Presentations on e- Government applications and frameworks in European countries such as Greece and Austria, but also non-European such as Zambia––even fictional (as the case of Balmeda)––were given providing a comprehensive coverage of the status and state of the art in e-Government and local e-Government. In the same context, the critical issue of the digital divide as regards ICT use and penetration was also addressed. As regards education, the corresponding session focused on the access to knowledge, copyright issues, and future of e-learning, while the results of projects regarding train- ing on ICT and Internet safety were presented. Moving to the next session, issues related to social networking and blogs were addressed through presentations on online communities and collaboration, social networking and interacting covering up to state-of-the-art communication and collaboration tools such as virtual worlds. Con- crete paradigms such as that of social networking among youth in South Africa com- plemented the coverage of the topic. The final session was devoted to pervasive, ubiq- uitous, and intelligent computing, including issues covering ad-hoc and mobile net- works, vehicular communications, and pervasive applications. During this session an extensive coverage of the corresponding application fields was obtained. The conference concluded with a discussion panel consisting of four academics (the conference Chair Alexander B. Sideridis, the invited speakers Spyros Simitis and Andrew Tanenbaum and Elias Pimenidis) and an eminent practitioner (the Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information in Germany, Peter Schaar). During this session, conclusions drawn from the conference sessions were presented enriched with questions raised by the conference Chair and the audience. Answers and stimulating comments were offered by the panel mainly focused on the future of e-Democracy, as this is foreseen through the technological breakthroughs, the evolution of legislation and the need for personal freedom, access to added value services, and preservation of personality and privacy. Alexander B. Sideridis Charalampos Patrikakis Organization Conference Chair A.B. Sideridis President of the Scientific Council for the Information Society, Greece Conference Co-chairs Ch. Patrikakis National Technical University of Athens, Greece S. Voulgaris Vrije University, The Netherlands Tutorials Co-chairs V. Zorkadis Hellenic Data Protection Authority, Greece Z. Kardasiadou Hellenic Data Protection Authority, Greece Travel and Fees Grants Chair K. Gialouris Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Workshops Chair C. Costopoulou Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Demos Co-chairs J. Soldatos Athens Information Technology Center, Greece O. Pyrovolakis General Secretariat of Information Systems of Greece Invited Papers Chair N. Manouselis Greek Research & Technology Network (GRNET S.A.) Technical Program Chair M. Anagnostou National Technical University of Athens, Greece Local Arrangements Co-chairs S. Karetsos Agricultural University of Athens, Greece M. Drougka Agricultural University of Athens, Greece VIII Organization Financial Chair G. Loukeris Lawyer Web Co-chairs A. Makrandreou Agricultural University of Athens, Greece M. Koukouli Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Sponsorship and Affiliations Chair E. Vasilaki Scientific Council for the Information Society, Greece Publications Co-chairs M. Anagnostou National Technical University of Athens, Greece E. Pimenidis