Study Guide for Extra Credit Test

1. Hip-hop dance includes a variety of styles ranging from breaking, locking and popping which evolved in the 1970s by Black Americans.

2. The most influential groups are The Lockers, the Rock Steady Crew and the Electric Boogaloos.

3. The birth of breaking began in the early 1970s as people mimicked the way singer James Brown danced on television.

4. DJ Kool Herc developed the Merry-Go-Round technique to extend the breaks of percussion or instrumental solos within a longer work of music.

5. The looping of music to extend the breaks in music is responsible for the name attributed to the dancers to this music who were known as the break-boys or b-boys and what they performed was called breaking.

6. Rock Steady Crew (RSC) is the most famous breaking crew in the world.

7. Breaking includes four foundational dances: Toprock, Downrock, Freezes, and Power moves.

8. Locking was created by Don Campbell and introduced to the country by his crew, The Lockers.

9. Popping was created by Sam Solomon and performed by his crew the Electric Boogaloos.

10. Studio hip-hop is sometimes called new style or L.A. style.

11. Jazz funk is another style created by the dance industry which is also called street jazz and is a blending of hip-hop and jazz dance.

12. Noh or Nogaku is a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century.

-1- 13. Masks in Noh are made of materials such as clay, dry lacquer, cloth, paper and wood.

14. The most common prop used in Noh is the fan and is carried by all performers.

15. Kabuki is a highly stylized form of classical Japanese dance-drama.

16. Kabuki is sometimes translated as the art of singing and dancing.

17. Kabuki was enlisted on the UNESCOs Third Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

18. Play structure for Kabuki requires attendance for a full day of entertainment in the theater district.

19. Belly dancing is sometimes called Middle Eastern or Arabic dance.

20. Belly dancing was popularized during the Romantic movement of the 18th and 19th centuries when Orientalist artists depicted romanticized images of harem life in the Otooman Empire.

21. Props used to enhance the choreography include finger cymbals, cane, veil, sword, candelabra headdress, fire sticks, tambourine, fan and snakes.

22. The term belly dancing is credited to Sol Bloom the entertainment director of the 1893 Worlds Fair.

23. Ruth St.Denis used Middle-Eastern inspired dance in a silent film Intolerance.

24. Salsa is basically Cuban with deep Afro-Cuban beats and additional musical influences.

25. African dances are viewed in close connection with African music because many African languages do not have a word to define music.

26. The most widely used musical instrument in Africa is the human voice. -2- 27. Native American Hoop Dance is a form of storytelling dance using anywhere from on to thirty hoops as props and is generally performed by a solo dancer with the hoops creating shapes or formations to represent various animals.

28. Rain dancing is a ceremonial dance performed to create rain and to protect the harvest.

29. In the 19th century Native Americans refusal to stop performing the Ghost Dance on the reservations lead to the events which caused the Massacre at Wounded Knee.

30. Dragon Dance is a form of traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture.

31. The Dragon is an emblem of Imperial Authority and it symbolizes supernatural power, goodness, fertility, vigilance and dignity.

32. A double dragon is rarely seen in Western culture and involves two troupes of dancers who intertwine the dragons.

33. Although Flamenco music and dance is considered to be a culture of Spain, it is only native to one region and that is Andalusia.

34. Cirque du Soleil is a Canadian entertainment company which is self-described as a dramatic mix of circus arts and street entertainment.

35. Cirque du Soleil means Circus of the Sun.

36. August Bournoville invented the Bournoville slippers which is black with a white V-shape in the front to accentuate a pointed foot.

37. The leotard was created and made famous by the French acrobatic performer, Jules Léotard.

38. When Jules Léotard invented the leotard, it was intended for men to wear.

Extra credit questions Essay question for 12 points.

1. Through-out history, at different time, many dances have been banned because of religious or spiritual connections or because they are too risky or risque for the times. Discuss what you think the basis for this action would be.

2. Essay question for 12 points.

Discuss the development of break dancing and the musical influence that brought this about and how this was done.