EC Substantive Law- Oslo University 2005/06

EC Substantive Law- Oslo University 2005/06 Rosa Greaves, Allen & Overy Professor of European Law ______

SEMINAR 7: THE RIGHT OF ESTABLISHMENT, THE FREEDOM TO PROVIDE SERVICES – Articles 43 7 49 EC Treaty

Reading Barnard Ch 12 Marenco, “The Notion of Restriction on the Freedom of Establishment and Provision of Services in the case-law of the Court (1991) 11 YEL 111

I The Right of Establishment

1. Introduction  Distinction between the Right of Establishment and the freedom to provide Services  Commission v Germany (Insurance cases) Case 205/84 [1986] ECR 3755  The “centre of gravity” test: see Gebhard case C-55/94 [1995] ECR I-4165 (annotated in (1996) 33 CMLRev 1073)  Services/goods

2. Establishment/Services (Article 43 v Article 49)  Right to entry and residence – Directive 73/148 (similar to Directive 68/360 re workers)  Right to remain for self-employed – Directive 75/34 (Reg 1251/70)  Directive 64/221

3. Freedom of Establishment  Direct effect of Article 43 – Reyners v Belgium Case 2/74 [1974] ECR 631 What is establishment? Klopp, Case 107/83 [1984] ECR 2971 (secondary establishment)

4. Exercise of Freedom of Establishment by Legal Persons Segers, Case 78/85 [1986] ECR 2375 R v Treasury ex p Daily Mail, Case 81/87 [1988] ECR 5483 Centros, Case C-212/97 [1999] ECR I-1459 Uberseering, Case C-208 [2002] ECR I-9919

5. The Issue of Professional Qualifications (common to Establishment & Services) Read: Pertek, “Free Movement of Professionals and Recognition of Higher Education Diplomas” (1992) 12 YEL 293

 Vlassopoulou, Case 340/89 [1991] ECR 2357  Lawyers  Directive 77/249 re provisions of services by lawyers  Directive 98/5 home title for lawyer

1 EC Substantive Law- Oslo University 2005/06 Rosa Greaves, Allen & Overy Professor of European Law ______

II Freedom to Provide Services

Reading Barnard Ch 13 Article 49 et seq.

1. Introduction Van Binsbergen, Case 33/74 [1974] ECR 1229 Luisi & Carbonne, Case 286/82 and 26/83 [1984] ECR 377 (personal scope) Cowan v Le Tresor Public, Case 186/87 [1989] ECR 195

2. Meaning of “Services” Article 50

“Services shall be considered to be ‘services’ within the meaning of this Treaty where they are normally provided for remuneration, insofar as they are not governed by the provisions relating to freedoms of movement of goods, capital and persons”

Rush Portuguesa, Case C-113/98 [1990] ECR I-1417 Schindler, Case C-275/92 [1995] 1 CMLR 4

Points (a) remuneration need not come from recipient Bond van Adverteeders, Case 352/85, [1986] ECR 2085 (b) service provider must have a profit motive Belgium State v Humbel, Case 263/86 [1988] ECR 5365 (material scope)(contrats with Grogan, below) (c) Medical Treatment Luisi & Carbonne (cited above) SPUC v Grogan, Case C-159/90 [1991] ECR I-4685 (abortion services) Ex p. Blood [1997] 2 CMLR 591

3. Article 49 and non-discriminatory provisions

Schindler, Case C-274/92 [1994] ECR I-1039

4. Services offered by Lawyers

Directive 77/249, OJ 1977 L78/17 Gebhard, Case C-55/93 [1995] ECR I-4165

5. The Limits to the Freedoms

Alpine Investments, Case C-384/93 [1995] ECR I-1141 Graf C-190/98 [2000] 1 CMLR 741