Urban and Community Forest Management Plan 2 the Public Engagement Process 3
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CITY OF ANN ARBOR URBAN & COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN ADOPTED BY ANN ARBOR CITY COUNCIL ON JUNE 2, 2014 ACKNOWLEGEMENTS ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Paul Bairley Re red City Forester, City of Ann Arbor Lynn Borset Ann Arbor Tree Conservancy/Virginia Park Neighborhood James D’Amour Sierra Club, Huron Valley Group/Maplewood Avenue Associa on Neal Foster Orchard-Hills Maplewood Associa on/Millers Creek Ac on Team John Lawter Park Advisory Commission, City of Ann Arbor Ann Lund Broadway Neighborhood Mike Mar n First Mar n Rita Mitchell Neighborhood Alliance Ma Naud Environmental Commission, City of Ann Arbor (city staff ) Kris Olsson Huron River Watershed Council Jeff Plakke University of Michigan Botanical Gardens and Arboretum Harry Sheehan Offi ce of the Washtenaw County Water Resources Commissioner Peggy Sorvala DTE Energy Kathy Stroud Traver Associa on CITY OF ANN ARBOR WORKING GROUP MEMBERS: Dave Borneman Natural Area Preserva on Program Manager Kayla Coleman Systems Planning Analyst Kerry Gray Urban Forestry and Natural Resource Planning Coordinator Craig Hupy Public Services Area Administrator Oliver Kiley SmithGroup JJR (Public Engagement Consultant) Jennifer Lawson Water Quality Manager Connie Pulcipher Systems Planner Lesley Rivera Water Resources Program Assistant Kay Sicheneder Field Opera ons Supervisor- Forestry Cresson Slo en Systems Planning Manager Jason Tallant Natural Area Preserva on Program Technician Ma Warba Assistant Manager Field Opera ons Cheryl Zuellig SmithGroup JJR (Public Engagement Consultant) Special thanks to Jamie Kidwell, City of Ann Arbor Sustainability Associate, for assistance in reviewing the plan documents. Table of contents List of tables and figures i Executive Summary ii Chapter 1: Planning Process & Overview 1 Plan Organiza on 1 Development of the Urban and Community Forest Management Plan 2 The Public Engagement Process 3 Chapter 2: City Background & Forestry History 9 Loca on, Climate and Natural Features 9 Forestry History 11 “Small” Things that had a Big Impact on Ann Arbor’s Urban and Community Forest 13 Chapter 3: Current forestry conditions & Management 17 Urban and Community Forest Resource 17 Benefi ts of the Urban and Community Forest 17 Current Urban and Community Forest Condi ons 19 Tree Inventory 19 Urban Tree Canopy Analysis 24 Ordinances and Standards 26 Current Urban and Community Forest Management 28 Forestry and City Staff 28 Tree Management 29 Funding 32 Coordina on and Coopera on 37 Public Outreach and Communica on 40 Chapter 4: Urban & Community Forest Management Plan Vision, Goals & Targets 45 Vision and Goals 45 Targets 48 Chapter 5: Recommendations & Action Tasks 50 Chapter 6: Implementation and Conclusions 77 Appendix Appendix A: Defi ni ons 85 Appendix B: Forestry Staff and Contractor Recommenda ons 87 Appendix C (C1-C8): Urban and Community Forest Management Plan Public Engagement 91 Appendix D: Implementa on Op ons for Recommenda on #1 (Level of Service and Costs) 133 list of tables and figures Tables Table 1: Public engagement ac vi es u lized during development of the UCFMP 5 Table 2: Top 10 common themes iden fi ed by the community 6 Table 3: Comparison of inventoried sites between May 2009 and May 2013 19 Table 4: Top 10 genera in the publicly-managed street and park tree popula on in 2009 and 2013 20 Table 5: Top 10 species in the publicly-managed street and park tree popula on in 2009 and 2013 20 Table 6: Condi on and maintenance category of city-managed street and park trees (May 2013) 22 Table 7: Exis ng urban tree canopy by land use 24 Table 8: Summary of Forestry’s street tree management ac vi es for FY 13 29 Table 9: Backlog of tree management ac vi es as of July 1, 2013 30 Table 10: Comparison of Forestry’s yearly stree tree management ac vi es prior to 2004 and in FY 13 30 Table 11: Forestry opera ons street tree budget FY 07 through FY 14 34 Table 12: Forestry budget by fund FY11 through FY 14 35-36 Table 13: Role and impacts of city units on urban and community forest management ac vi es 38 Table 14: Role and impacts of outside en es on urban and community forest management ac vi es 39 Table 15: Resources needed to implement UCFMP Recommenda ons 78-81 figures Figure A: Species composi on of publicly-managed trees 19 Figure B: Comparison of the size distribu on of publicly-managed street and park trees between 2009 21 and 2013 Figure C: Comparison of the condi on of city-managed street and park trees between 2009 and 2013 23 Figure D: Comparison of tree maintenance categories of city-managed street and park trees between 23 2009 and 2013 Figure E: Comparison of the city of Ann Arbor’s urban tree canopy cover to other U.S. Ci es (2010) 24 Figure F: Ann Arbor’s urban tree canopy cover 2010 25 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VISION: Ann Arbor’s urban and community forest is a prominent feature of the city valued by its citizens for the positive contributions it makes to the quality of life and character of the community. The urban and community forest is a vital part of the city’s green infrastructure system and is managed sustainably through sound practices, policies and community stewardship to provide environmental, social and economic beneϔits today and into the future. The urban and community forest is a defi ning and valued characteris c of the city of Ann Arbor, which residents aff ec onately call “Tree Town,” helping to make it a desirable place to live, work and play. It is made up of the trees, shrubs and woody vegeta on growing along city streets; in public parks; and on ins tu onal and private property. The urban and community forest provides many environmental, economic and social benefi ts to the community, including reducing stormwater runoff , improving water and air quality, modera ng summer temperatures, lowering u lity costs, improving quality of life and beau fying the city. It is es mated that Ann Arbor’s city-managed urban and community forest, which includes trees growing along streets and in mowed areas of parks, provides nearly $4.6 million1 in benefi ts each year. While the urban and community forest serves as an important and integral part of the city, serious challenges over the last decade have nega vely impacted the care and management of the city- managed trees within it. From 2004 to 2008, the City directed full-scale opera ons to remove 10,000 dead and dying ash trees lining city streets and growing in city parks that were infested with the emerald ash borer. While the removal of these hazardous ash trees was a necessity, the nearly exclusive focus of City budget and staff resources on their removal led to a deferment in maintenance of the remaining city-managed trees. The removal of the last ash trees in 2008 did not however, improve the care and maintenance of the urban and community forest. It has been further impacted by reduc ons in Forestry’s budget caused in part by the economic downturn in 2008. Forestry’s street tree opera ons budget in fi scal year 2014 is 29% less than it was in fi scal year 2007. These challenges have signifi cantly impacted the City’s ability to sustainably care for and maintain the publicly- managed urban and community forest. Deferment in maintenance and budget reduc ons have resulted in a backlog of tree maintenance ac vi es that are placing the health and condi on of Ann Arbor’s tree canopy at serious risk. The purpose of the Urban and Community Forest Management Plan (UCFMP/Plan) is to provide a framework for the City to eff ec vely manage the urban and community forest as a sustainable asset, consistent with the values and needs of the community, while maximizing its benefi ts. 1 Davey Resource Group. 2009. I-Tree Streets Calculated Public Tree Values and Benefi ts for the City of Ann Arbor. h p://www.a2gov.org/government/publicservices/fi eldopera ons/forestry/Documents/SummaryReport_CalculatedPublicTreeValuesAndBenefi ts.pdf ii City of Ann Arbor Urban and Community Forest Management Plan URBAN & COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS Public engagement and outreach were important elements in the development of the UCFMP. Through a mul - ered and comprehensive public engagement process stakeholders, community leaders, city staff and residents helped shape the scope, content and direc on of the plan. The result is a community-driven plan that is responsive to the issues, needs and desires of the community. GOALS Overarching Goal Sustainably protect, preserve, maintain and expand Ann Arbor’s tree canopy and urban and community forest. To ensure a sustainable urban and community forest resource, exis ng tree canopy should be preserved and maintained while also ensuring the resource is diverse and resilient to changing pressures; supports local ecosystem health and biodiversity; and is managed for long-term survivability with a mixture of tree ages, and species to provide a con nuous canopy over me. SUPPORTING GOALS Develop prac ces and policies to support a sustainable urban and community forest. City ordinances, opera on and maintenance procedures, and policies should be aligned with suppor ng a sustainable, healthy, safe and expanding urban and community forest. Devise and implement sustainable funding strategies that support the urban and community forest, recognizing the economic, social and environmental value of trees. The urban and community forest generates many benefi ts and cost savings for the community, but managing it to maximize these benefi ts and minimize risk requires public support, funding and long-term planning. The level of funding and range of funding sources must match the desired management level.