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Viewing My Manuscript Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2017 In Search of an Attentive Public and Involvement in the Anti-Trafficking Movement Ashley Russell Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN SEARCH OF AN ATTENTIVE PUBLIC AND INVOLVEMENT IN THE ANTI-TRAFFICKING MOVEMENT By ASHLEY RUSSELL A Dissertation submitted to the College of Criminology and Criminal Justice in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 2017 © 2017 Ashley Russell Ashley Russell defended this dissertation on July 5, 2017. The members of the supervisory committee were: Marc G. Gertz Professor Directing Dissertation Martin Kavka University Representative Carter Hay Committee Member Sonja E. Siennick Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii In loving memory of William and Sara Russell Dedicated to my parents, my Sherpas, David and Lois Russell iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I walked onto the campus of Florida State University as a freshman at 18 years old and I’ve spent the past decade in the College of Criminology. It takes a village to raise a child, and there are many people to thank for raising me. Dr. Gertz is the reason I came back the Ph.D. program after graduation. Thank you for seeing something in me that I did not see in myself. I believe my life and my career will be significantly better because of this experience and it would not have happened without you. Dr. Hay, from undergraduate classes to my dissertation committee, thank you for always being there to teach and to guide me. I have grown so much as a student and a professor because of you. Dr. Siennick, your guidance and critiques through comprehensive exams and my dissertation have been invaluable. Thank you for all that you have done over the past three years. Dr. Kavka, I appreciate your insight, your stories, and your willingness to jump on my committee without question! Thank you for being so thorough in reviewing my manuscript. Dr. Blomberg and Kevin Derryberry, thank you for giving me the opportunity to work with you in Alumni Development. It was a ton of fun and I learned a lot along the way! To the ones who went before me, Christi Metcalfe, Kevin Wolff, and Leslie Hill, thank you for always being available to assist and guide me. A special thank you to Wanda Leal, who is my patient wise owl that can act as a sounding board when I need to process a project out loud and can solve just about any problem I run into. From area paper to dissertation, your insight has been much appreciated. To Peter Lehmann, whose office door is always open to chat about life or work, I’m thankful for your brain and your love of coffee. To Malisa Neptune, I am so thankful for your friendship and constant support as we brave these waters together. To my family, my teammates, and my friends who have walked through this process with me, I’m sorry you had to deal with me, but I’m thankful you stuck by me anyways. It’s been a wild ride and I do not know if I would have enjoyed [survived] this experience without your laughter and support. Most importantly, thank you to my parents. Thanks for always supporting me and raising me to always finish what I’ve started, even when they are challenging. Jesus, take the wheel. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... vii 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................1 1.1 Attentive Publics ..................................................................................................................2 1.2 Current Study .......................................................................................................................5 1.3 Overview ..............................................................................................................................8 2. LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................9 2.1 Introduction to Human Trafficking ......................................................................................9 2.2 Public Opinion Literature ..................................................................................................18 2.3 Media Literature.................................................................................................................27 3. METHODS ...............................................................................................................................38 3.1 Data Collection ..................................................................................................................38 3.2 Variables ............................................................................................................................40 3.3 Analytic Plan ......................................................................................................................47 4. RESULTS .................................................................................................................................54 4.1 Descriptive Statistics ..........................................................................................................54 4.2 Research Question 1: Is there an Attentive Public for Human Trafficking? .....................55 4.3 Research Question 2: Is the Attentive Public Significantly Different from the General and Least-Attentive Publics? .............................................................................................56 4.4 Research Question 3: What Factors Influence an Individual to become more Knowledgeable? .................................................................................................................57 4.5 Research Question 4: What Factors Influence an Individual to become Involved in the Anti-Trafficking Movement? .............................................................................................59 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION .......................................................................................82 5.1 Discussion of Key Findings ...............................................................................................84 5.2 Implications for Future Research .......................................................................................90 APPENDICES ...............................................................................................................................93 A. DESCRIPTIVE TABLES .........................................................................................................93 B. LISTWISE MODELS ...............................................................................................................94 C. IRB APPROVAL AND CONSENT .........................................................................................96 References ....................................................................................................................................101 Biographical Sketch .....................................................................................................................111 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Demographics of Respondents ........................................................................................52 Table 2: Descriptive Statistics (n=803) .........................................................................................67 Table 3: Distribution of Respondents by Knowledge and Involvement (n=803) ..........................68 Table 4: T-tests Comparing Attentive Publics to Everyone Else (n=803). ...................................68 Table 5: T-tests Comparing Least-Attentive Publics to Everyone Else (n=803)...........................68 Table 6: Bivariate Correlations including Information Source Use (n=803) ................................69 Table 7: Bivariate Correlations including Trafficking Frequency (n=803). ..................................71 Table 8: The Effect of Control Variables and Information Sources on Knowledge (n=803)........73 Table 9: The Effect of Information Source Use on Mediating Variables (n=803) ........................74 Table 10: The Effect of Information Source Use on Involvement (n=803). .................................75 Table 11: The Effect of Trafficking Frequency on Mediating Variables (n=803) ........................76 Table 12: The Effect of Trafficking Frequency on Involvement (n=803) .....................................77 Table 13: Significant Paths from Information Source to Involvement (Conceptual Model) ........78 Table 14: The Effects of Knowledge and Concern on Efficacy (n=803) ......................................79 Table 15: The Effects of Knowledge, Concern, and Efficacy on Involvement (n=803) ...............80 Table 16: Significant Paths from Knowledge and Concern to Involvement (Conceptual Model) 81 Table 17: Frequency of Perceptions on Human Trafficking .........................................................93 Table 18: Frequency
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