Unit 2 Possible Test Questions

Matching

Match each term with the correct statement below. a. filial piety d. reincarnation b. monopoly e. stupa c. patriarchal ____ 1. Rebirth of the soul in another bodily form ____ 2. Large dome-shaped shrine that housed sacred remains ____ 3. Headed by the father or oldest male ____ 4. Respect for parents ____ 5. Complete control of a product or business by one person or group

Match each person with the correct statement below. a. Asoka d. Siddhartha Gautama b. Brahma e. Shi Huangdi c. Confucius ____ 6. Hindu god known as the Creator ____ 7. Founder of Buddhism ____ 8. Maurya emperor who converted to Buddhism ____ 9. Philosopher whose ideas helped shape Chinese civilization for 2,500 years ____ 10. Emperor who united China

Match each person with the correct statement below. a. Asoka e. Hanfeizi b. Chandragupta Maurya f. Liu Bang c. Confucius g. Shi Huangdi d. Siddhartha Gautama h. Shiva ____ 11. Hindu god known as the Destroyer ____ 12. The “Enlightened One” who founded Buddhism ____ 13. Ruler who established the first great Indian empire ____ 14. Maurya emperor who paved the way for the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia ____ 15. Chinese philosopher who believed that people were naturally good ____ 16. Chinese philosopher who taught that “the nature of man is evil” ____ 17. Emperor who united China and built the Great Wall ____ 18. Emperor who founded the Han dynasty

Match each term with the correct statement below. a. aristocracy d. rhetoric b. democracy e. strait c. monarchy ____ 19. Narrow water passage ____ 20. Government in which a king or queen exercises central power ____ 21. Rule by a landholding elite ____ 22. Government by the people ____ 23. Art of skillful speaking

Match each person with the correct statement below. a. Hippocrates d. Socrates b. Homer e. Solon c. Pericles ____ 24. Blind poet credited with creating the Iliad and the Odyssey ____ 25. Leader of Athens who introduced social, political, and economic reforms ____ 26. Statesman who established direct democracy in Athens ____ 27. Philosopher who examined beliefs and ideas through critical questioning ____ 28. Physician whose oath set ethical standards for doctors

Match each person with the correct statement below. a. Archimedes e. Homer b. Aristotle f. Solon c. Cleisthenes g. Pythagoras d. Herodotus h. Sophocles ____ 29. Poet who is credited with creating the Iliad and the Odyssey ____ 30. Wise Athenian who outlawed slavery and opened high office to more citizens ____ 31. Athenian reformer who made the assembly a genuine legislature ____ 32. Historian who wrote about the Persian Wars ____ 33. Philosopher who taught that good conduct meant following a moderate course between extremes ____ 34. Playwright who wrote Antigone ____ 35. Mathematician who derived a formula to calculate the relationship between sides of a right triangle ____ 36. Scientist who applied principles of physics to make practical inventions

Match each person with the correct statement below. a. Augustus e. Odoacer b. Julius Caesar f. Paul c. Hannibal g. Ptolemy d. Jesus h. Virgil ____ 37. Leader of Carthaginian army who crossed the Alps to invade Italy ____ 38. General who brought Gaul under Roman control ____ 39. First ruler of the Roman Empire ____ 40. Author of the Roman epic poem, the Aeneid ____ 41. Astronomer who theorized that the Earth was the center of the universe ____ 42. Central figure in Christianity ____ 43. Jewish convert who spread Christianity from Mesopotamia to Rome ____ 44. German leader who ousted the emperor in Rome

Match each term with the correct statement below. a. martyr d. patrician b. mercenary e. plebeian c. messiah ____ 45. Member of Roman landholding upper class ____ 46. Roman farmer, merchant, artisan, or trader ____ 47. Anointed king sent by God ____ 48. Person who suffers or dies for his or her beliefs ____ 49. Foreign soldier who serves for pay

Match each term with the correct statement below. a. aqueduct d. republic b. heresy e. bishop c. legion ____ 50. Government in which officials are chosen by the people ____ 51. Basic unit of the Roman army ____ 52. Bridge-like stone structure that brought water from hills to cities ____ 53. Church official responsible for all Christians in an area ____ 54. A belief that is contrary to official church teachings

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 55. India enjoyed a golden age during the Gupta dynasty because a. the government followed the laws of Legalism. b. the government promoted peace and prosperity. c. the dynasty had specially trained women warriors. d. a strong central government ruled with a strong hand. ____ 56. Hindus believed that caste could be changed by a. the emperor. c. the law of karma. b. marriage. d. moving. ____ 57. The government of Indian villages was administered by a. the emperor. c. soldiers. b. Brahmins. d. a village council. ____ 58. Which philosophy taught that government should pass strict laws and enforce them with harsh punishments? a. Confucianism c. Daoism b. Legalism d. Buddhism ____ 59. Han rulers based their policies on the teachings of a. Confucius. c. Hanfeizi. b. Laozi. d. the Buddha. ____ 60. The trade route that linked China with the west became known as the a. Great Wall. c. Silk Road. b. civil service system. d. military districts. ____ 61. Both Hindus and Buddhists believe in a. nonviolence. c. the caste system. b. many gods. d. formal rituals. ____ 62. The golden age of India took place during the rule of the a. Mauryas. c. Guptas. b. Romans. d. Dravidians. ____ 63. In Hindu society, the purpose of caste rules was to a. punish criminals. c. aid the poor. b. keep foreigners out of India. d. ensure spiritual purity. ____ 64. In an Indian household, the head of the family was the a. mother. c. oldest daughter. b. father. d. youngest son. ____ 65. Indian villages were ruled by a. a priest. c. a village council. b. a soldier. d. the emperor. ____ 66. Confucius taught the Chinese people that their most important duty was a. loyalty to the state. c. achieving salvation. b. care of the poor. d. respect for parents. ____ 67. Han emperors based their rule on the teachings of a. the Buddha. c. Hanfeizi. b. Confucius. d. Laozi. ____ 68. China became the most technologically advanced civilization in the world under the rule of the a. Gupta dynasty. c. Qin dynasty. b. Zhou dynasty. d. Han dynasty. ____ 69. The geography of Greece helped create a. a large Greek empire. c. unity among Greeks. b. many small city-states. d. isolation from the outside world. ____ 70. Following the Persian Wars, Greece was dominated by a. Persia. c. Sparta. b. Delos. d. Athens. ____ 71. The Peloponnesian War resulted from conflict between a. Athens and Sparta. c. Athens and Macedonia. b. Greece and Persia. d. Greece and Egypt. ____ 72. Greek theater evolved out of a. athletic contests. c. the works of Aristotle. b. foreign influences. d. religious festivals. ____ 73. Alexander’s most lasting achievement was a. the conquest of India. c. a lasting empire. b. the spread of Greek culture. d. an alliance with Persia. ____ 74. The center of the Hellenistic world was a. Athens. c. Alexandria. b. Babylon. d. Mount Olympus. ____ 75. Which of the following geographic characteristics of Greece provided a link to the outside world? a. mountains c. valleys b. seas d. grasslands ____ 76. A form of government controlled by a small, powerful elite from the business class is called a(n) a. monarchy. c. oligarchy. b. aristocracy. d. democracy. ____ 77. From childhood, Spartan boys were trained to be a. philosophers. c. soldiers. b. politicians. d. artists. ____ 78. Athens enjoyed a golden age under the leadership of a. Pericles. c. Darius. b. Alexander. d. Themistocles. ____ 79. Conflict between Athens and Sparta resulted in the a. Persian Wars. c. Peloponnesian War. b. Trojan War. d. Macedonian conquest. ____ 80. According to Aristotle, the best government was a. a democracy. b. an aristocracy. c. one that was ruled by the military. d. one that was ruled by a strong and virtuous leader. ____ 81. Which of the following descriptions applies to the works of Greek artists and architects? a. imitated European styles b. reflected concern with form and order c. glorified political leaders d. emphasized complicated and irregular designs ____ 82. Who established an empire that extended from Greece to Egypt and India? a. Alexander c. Philip II b. Pericles d. Herodotus ____ 83. In Roman government, who represented the rights of plebeians? a. senators c. tribunes b. patricians d. consuls ____ 84. After the deaths of the Gracchus brothers, the Roman republic experienced a. a series of civil wars. c. democratic reforms. b. a stable government. d. peace and prosperity. ____ 85. In the fields of art and literature, Romans were greatly influenced by the culture of a. Carthage. c. Gaul. b. Greece. d. Palestine. ____ 86. During the empire, the Roman legal system contributed to a. the outbreak of civil war. c. the downfall of the emperor. b. further conquests. d. unity and stability. ____ 87. Which of the following statements generally describes Rome’s attitude toward the Jews of Palestine? a. Romans tolerated the Jews’ religion. b. Romans forced Jews to convert to Christianity. c. Romans insisted that Jews worship Roman gods. d. Romans forbade Jews to worship. ____ 88. Jesus proclaimed that his mission was to a. overthrow Roman rule. b. reject the Ten Commandments. c. bring spiritual salvation to believers. d. lead the Jews out of Palestine. ____ 89. The Pax Romana ended in A.D. 180, after the death of a. Julius Caesar. c. Diocletian. b. Constantine. d. Marcus Aurelius. ____ 90. Which of the following places did Constantine make the center of power for the Roman Empire? a. Jerusalem c. Constantinople b. Carthage d. Rome ____ 91. How did the wealth acquired from winning an empire affect Rome? a. It benefited the farmers. b. It widened the gap between rich and poor. c. It provided jobs for people in cities. d. It created widespread prosperity. ____ 92. The decline of the Roman republic followed a century of civil wars fought over the question of a. which gods to worship. c. which language to speak. b. who should hold power. d. how to keep out invaders. ____ 93. Roman art and literature blended Roman civilization with that of a. Gaul. c. Carthage. b. Asia Minor. d. Greece. ____ 94. Which statement generally describes Rome’s attitude toward people of different religions in the empire? a. Romans persecuted people who believed in one God. b. Romans tolerated religious differences. c. Romans forced all people to become Jews. d. Romans forbade people to worship many gods. ____ 95. Who tried to restore order to the Roman empire? a. Caligula and Nero c. Attila and Odoacer b. Diocletian and Constantine d. Hannibal and Mark Antony ____ 96. Which of the following was not related to the “fall” of Rome? a. Germanic invasions c. the assassination of Julius Caesar b. corrupt officials d. heavy taxes

Short Answer

97. List three ways that Buddhism differed from Hinduism. 98. Describe three ways that Chandragupta Maurya maintained order in India. 99. Describe advances in mathematics and medicine that took place in Gupta India. 100. Identify the characteristics of family life in India. 101. List the major differences between Legalism and Daoism. 102. Describe three ways that Shi Huangdi promoted unity in China. 103. Describe advances in technology and medicine that took place in Han China. 104. Describe three aspects of Mycenaean civilization that influenced later Greek culture.

105. Describe three kinds of government Greeks developed between 750 B.C. and 500 B.C. 106. Identify three differences between Sparta and Athens. 107. Contrast the results of the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War with regard to Athens. 108. List three similarities between the ideas of Plato and Aristotle. 109. Describe three popular themes of Greek dramas. 110. Explain how Alexander’s conquests led to the development of a new culture. 111. Describe two positive and two negative ways that winning an empire affected Rome. 112. Explain how the policies of Augustus improved social and economic conditions in the Roman empire. 113. Explain how Roman art and literature blended different traditions. 114. Describe how the basic teachings of Jesus combined Jewish traditions with new beliefs. 115. Describe two of Constantine’s actions that had long-lasting effects on Europe. 116. Explain the military, political, and social reasons for the “fall” of Rome.