CP CHEMISTRY MR. CANOVA LAB: VIRTUAL LAB FOR GAS LAWS Students: Please read the following information given below, and then come to class on your lab day with the following already prepared in your notebooks: 1) Date, 2) Partner, 3) Title, 4) Purpose, 5) Materials, 6) Safety, 7) Procedures/Observations, and 8) Data & Calculations (collect data in your notebooks)
The last 3 pages need to be printed out. These pages will be turned in. Data for this lab should be collected in your notebooks. The questions will be due three days after performing the lab in class.
GAS LAWS STUDIED SO FAR:
Boyle’s Law states that at a constant temperature the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure. That is, as the volume of the gas decreases, the pressure increases. The mathematical relationship is given by PV=k (P = pressure, times V = volume = k a constant). How can you determine this constant for different gases? How does changing the pressure exerted on a gas affect its volume? This will be found out during this lab. PV = k
Charles’ Law states that at a constant pressure the volume of a given quantity of gas is directly proportional to its temperature. If the sample of gas is heated, its volume will increase. The mathematical relationship is V = bT (V = volume and is equal to b = the proportionality constant time * T = temperature). Remember T represents absolute temperature measured in Kelvin. Knowing the volume and the temperature, one can calculate the proportionality constant V = bT
Gay Lussac’s Law states that at a constant volume the pressure of a given quantity of gas is directly proportional to its temperature. If the sample of gas is heated, its volume will increase. The mathematical relationship is P=kT (P = pressure and is equal to k= a constant * T). Remember T represents absolute temperature measured in Kelvin. Knowing the pressure and the temperature, one can calculate the proportionality constant. P= kT
PART I:
Visit http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/PS08/PS08.html and complete the information provided in the left hand margin of the virtual lab (COMPLETE #1 to #9). Record your data in your lab notebooks and then answer the questions on the following page.
PART II:
Visit http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Laboratory/GLP.htm and experiment with the different variables provided on the top of the page. Record your data in your lab notebooks and then answer the questions on the following page.
1 CP CHEMISTRY MR. CANOVA
Name______Date______Period______Lab Group #______
Lab: VIRTUAL LAB FOR GAS LAWS QUESTIONS: Part I: (Virtual Lab with Gas Container)
Draw a sketch of the apparatus that appeared in Virtual lab: LABEL ALL THE PIECES AND GIVE THE CORRECT UNITS VIEWED
1. What were the units of pressure, volume, and temperature on this virtual lab? Pressure= ______Volume= ______Temperature=______
2. What were the starting values for pressure, volume, and temperature on this virtual lab? (provide units) Pressure= ______Volume= ______Temperature=______
3. What were the temperatures for each of the following on the hot plate? LOW= ______MEDIUM= ______HIGH=______
4. Complete the data table below by filling in the missing values:
PRESSURE: 25 kPa 50 kPa
VOLUME: 600 mL 200 mL
5. According to Virtual lab, what is pressure defined as? ______
6. What mathematical formula was given to calculate pressure? P= ______
7. According to Virtual lab, what is the common unit pressure is expressed in? ______
2 CP CHEMISTRY MR. CANOVA
Name______Date______Period______Lab Group #______
Lab: VIRTUAL LAB FOR GAS LAWS QUESTIONS: Part II: (Virtual Gas Law Program)
A) Look at the controls at the top of the screen: P (pressure), V (volume), n (mol He), n (mol Ne), T (temperature).
1. What are the units of pressure, volume and temperature on this virtual lab? Pressure= ______Volume= ______Temperature=______
2. Give the initial values for each of the following= Pressure= _____ Volume= ______n (mol He)= ______n (mol Ne)= ______Temperature=______
B) Increase the value of n (mol Ne) to 1.00 (or as close as possible), then click on “enable tracking,”
3. Describe what happens to the gas molecule that is being tracked in the grid on the left side. ______
4. What happens when the gas particle being tracked hits another fast moving particle? ______
5. What happens when the gas particle being tracked hits another slow moving particle? ______
C) Click disable tracking and analyze the following relationships (The Gas Laws)
Boyle’s Law analyzes the relationship between pressure and volume. Make sure the pressure button has been chosen for this exercise.
6. What happens to the pressure of the gas when volume is increased? ______
7. What happens to the volume of the gas when the pressure is increased? ______
8. When one goes up, the other goes down. This is known as a ______relationship.
Charles’s Law analyzes the relationship between volume and temperature. Make sure the volume button has been chosen for this exercise.
9. What happens to the volume of the gas when temperature is increased? ______
10. What happens to the volume of the gas when temperature is decreased? ______
11. When one goes up, the other goes up. This is known as a ______relationship.
3 CP CHEMISTRY MR. CANOVA Name______Date______Period______Lab Group #______
Lab: VIRTUAL LAB FOR GAS LAWS QUESTIONS: Part II: (Virtual Gas Law Program) continued
Gay Lussac’s Law analyzes the relationship between pressure and temperature. Click on the reset button and increase the n (mol Ne) to 1.00. Make sure the pressure button has been chosen for this exercise.
12. What happens to the pressure of the gas when temperature is increased? ______
13. What happens to the volume of the gas when the temperature is decreased? ______
14. When one goes up, the other goes up. This is known as a ______relationship.
D) Press reset, find the drop down menu and change from "velocities" to "relationships". Increase the n (mol Ne) to the maximum. Analyze the relationship of Pressure vs. Volume, click "enable" to begin analysis.
15. Analyzing the relationship between pressure and volume, increase the volume to the maximum and watch the graph. Decrease the volume to the minimum; draw the graph of this relationship:
16. Analyzing the relationship between volume and temperature, increase the temperature to the maximum and watch the graph. Decrease the temperature to the minimum; draw the graph of this relationship:
17. Analyzing the relationship between pressure and temperature, increase the temperature to the maximum and watch the graph. Decrease the temperature to the minimum; draw the graph of this relationship:
18. Which of the 3 graphs is an example of an INVERSE OR INDIRECT RELATIONSHIP?
CIRCLE CHOICE(S): #15 #16 #17
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