AMSCO Ch. 14 the Civil War (1861-1865)

AMSCO Ch. 14 – The Civil War (1861-1865)

1. What was the death toll of the Civil War?

2. For what reasons do some historians refer to the Civil War as the Second American Revolution?

3. In Lincoln’s First Inaugural speech what did he say about slavery (a) and secession (b)?

a. ______

b. ______

4. In what ways did President Lincoln exercise executive authority like no president before him?

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

5. What were the 4 Upper South states and what caused them to secede and join the Confederacy?

6. How did secession affect the state of Virginia? (2 ways)

7. What were the 4 “Border States”, and why was it a priority for Lincoln to keep them in the Union?

8. Why was Lincoln reluctant to push for the emancipation of slaves early in the war? 9. Summarize the strengths of the two sides in the Civil War in each of the following areas:

NORTH SOUTH Military

Economic

Political

10. How was the Confederate Constitution different from the U.S. Constitution?

11. Why is it so surprising that the Confederacy was able to survive as long as four years?

12. How optimistic were Northerners at the beginning of the Civil War, and what ended their optimism?

13. What was the 3-part Union plan for winning the war

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

14. How did the initial stages of the war go for the Union army?

15. Why did Confederate General Lee abandon his strategy of fighting a defensive war, and take his army on the offensive across the Potomac into enemy territory in Maryland? 16. What advantage did the McClellan’s Union army have at the Battle of Antietam?

17. What were the significant outcomes of the Battle of Antietam?

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

d. ______

e. ______

18. What were the Monitor and the Merrimac was most significant about the duel between them?

19. What military successes in the west by Ulysses Grant earned the attention and respect of President Lincoln?

20. Why did Southern leaders depend as much on its diplomats as its soldiers?

21. To what extent did Great Britain aid the Confederacy in their war effort?

22. Why was “King Cotton” not enough to force Britain into an alliance with the Confederacy? 23. What other 2 factors contributed to Britain’s decision not to recognize the Confederacy?

a. ______

b. ______

24. What were Lincoln’s four major concerns in taking presidential action against slavery?

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

d. ______

25. How did the Confiscation Acts (1861 & 1862) affect slavery in the South?

26. How did Lincoln justify his decision to free the slaves, and why did he delay the announcement of his policy?

27. Which slaves did the Emancipation Proclamation set “free”?

28. How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect slavery in the United States?

29. How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect the outcome of the war?

a. ______b. ______

c. ______

d. ______

30. Why was a Constitutional amendment necessary to free the slaves?

31. What role did Lincoln play in the abolition of slavery in the United States? (Have you seen Lincoln the movie?)

32. Why did the tide of the war begin to turn in favor of the Union by the beginning of 1863?

a. ______

b. ______

c. ______

33. What two battles were the decisive turning points of the Civil War?

34. What was the significance of the Union victory at Vicksburg?

35. What did Confederate General Lee hope to accomplish in the Battle of Gettysburg?

36. What were the significant outcomes of the Battle of Gettysburg? 37. When Ulysses Grant was made Commander of all the Union armies, what was his approach to ending the war?

38. How did Grant change the complexion of the war?

39. What were General William Tecumseh Sherman’s tactics of “total war”, and in what 2 ways did he help end the war?

40. At what point did everyone know the end of the war was near?

41. Under what circumstances did Lee surrender to Grant on April 9, 1865?

42. What was the message of Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, one of his greatest speeches?

Effects of the War on Civilian War

43. What was the most significant outcome of the shocking events of Lincoln’s assassination?

44. What factions divided the majority Republican Party in Congress during the Civil War? 45. Who were the Copperheads? (you might have to look it up)

46. Explain how Lincoln violated the civil rights of American citizen during the war, and why historians today defend his decision to do this.

47. What was so controversial about Congress’s Conscription Act of 1863, and what happened in New York City as a result?

48. What was the most important long-term political effect of the war?

49. How did the Civil War redefine the concept of American democracy?

50. In what various ways did the Union fund the war effort?

51. Describe the positive and negative impacts of the war on the northern economy. 52. With what actions did the Republicans take advantage of their war-time majority in Congress to promote economic growth?

53. What were the permanent affects of the Civil War on the role of women in society?

54. Whose lives were most profoundly changed by the Civil War? How?