Unit # 1 Adaptation and Evolution

Name : ______Date: ______Biology 11 Unit 1 - : Review #3

UNIT # 1 ADAPTATION AND EVOLUTION (Learning Outcomes A4) L.O. A – 4 Natural Selection ___ 1. What was the name of the ship on which Darwin sailed and when did it sail? ___ 2. List a few of the locations where Darwin made some of his key observations? ___ 3. Think back to DVD, or look back at the notes handout and then give a specific example of an observation that helped Darwin start to believe that some modern day species could be related to (pre-historic) now extinct species? ___ 4. What did he notice with certain types of birds and tortoises as the ship sailed south or went from island to island? ___ 5. What did Darwin conclude was causing the changes in the related organisms (types of mocking birds, types of finches, types of Rhea birds, types of tortoises etc) that he observed? ___ 6. What was different about the finches on the different islands, and what did he believe was the specific reason/factor that may have caused the difference? ___7. At this same time, which geologist claimed that the Earth was very old and constantly changing? ___8. How are farmers able to improve (change) their crops and livestock? ___9. What is the name that Darwin gave to this type of selective breeding program that farmers have used? ___10. Darwin suggested that some things (factors) prevent natural populations from over-running the Earth. List a few of these factors? ___11. Give the definition of Natural Selection. ___12. Although populations of species have the ability to produce far more offspring than are required to replace the mortality rate of adults. What actually happens to population numbers over time? ___13. What happens to those members (think "Sticked Bills") who do not have favorable traits? ___14. Explain how Darwin would explain the adaptations of long legs and webbed feet of frogs. ___15. What is the selection that selects one variation in a population? ___16. What type of natural selection allows more than one extreme phenotype to survive? ___17. Which type of selection tends to keep a population stable in appearance? ___18. Give a specific example of Directional Selection? ___19. Give a specific example of Stabilizing Selection. ___20. Which type of selection can give rise to two new species? ___21. What usually happens to abnormal varieties during Stabilizing Selection? ___22. What usually happens to abnormal varieties during Disruptive Selection? ___23. What was the name of the competing theory that Lamark theorized explained evolution? OVER  OVER  ___24. Briefly describe the experiment that show that acquired characteristics cannot be inherited? ___25. One specific well-documented example of survival of the fittest that took place over a very short period of time, was called "Industrial Melanism" – Describe it