Name: Answer Key Pretest Grade: _____/51

Name: _Answer Key_ Pretest grade: _____/51 Posttest grade _____/51 Ch 7.3 Pretest: Cell Transport Matching: Match the term on the right with the definition on the left.

1. __E __ when a cell expands so much from osmosis A. active transport that the cell membrane breaks B. ATP 2. __B__ the molecule used by the cell for energy C. carrier protein D. concentration 3. __O__ general term for cell transport not using gradient the cell’s energy. Energy is provided by E. cytolysis random motion (KE) of the substance’s F. diffusion molecules G. endocytosis 4. __K__ when a solution outside the cell has a higher H. equilibrium concentration of dissolved substances I. exocytosis 5. __S__ general term for an organelle used for storing J. facilitated diffusion substances within the cell K. hypertonic 6. __J__ passive transport where proteins help take L. hypotonic things in/out of the cell M. isotonic 7. __N__ process where water enters/leaves the cell to N. osmosis even out concentrations in/out of the cell O. passive transport 8. __P__ active transport where cells take in large P. phagocytosis amounts of solid material Q. pinocytosis 9. __C__ protein in the cell membrane that helps move R. plasmolysis things across S. vesicle 10. __F__ process where molecules simply move from high to low concentration 11. __Q__ active transport where cells take in large amounts of liquids

12. __I__ process where large amounts of substances leave the cell

13. __L__ solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside 14. __D__ difference in concentration outside and inside the cell; reason why things move from higher to lower concentration 15. __R__ process where a cell shrinks because it has been put in a hypertonic solution 16. __A__ general term for cell transport involving energy from the cell 17. __H__ although movement of molecules does not stop, there is no net movement. Balance has been achieved inside and outside the cell 18. __G__ general term for active transport where large amounts of substances are taken into the cell and placed in vesicles 19. __M__ a solution that has a concentration of solutes equal to that of a cell

Explain these three terms with relation to the cell membrane: 20. Phospholipid bilayer Two layers of phosphate and lipid molecules back to back. The outside is hydrophilic (“water loving”; water soluble; polar) while the inside is hydrophobic (“water hating”; water insoluble; nonpolar)

21. Fluid mosaic Besides phospholipids there are other molecules (carbohydrates, proteins) that make it up. It is dynamic and moving.

22. Selectively permeable Only certain things are chosen to pass through. Others are kept out.

23 - 24. There are basically two kinds of cell transport: active and passive. What is the difference? Give an example of each. Active takes energy from the cell (ATP) and can go against a concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). Endocytosis, exocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and protein pumps are all examples.

Passive does not take energy from the cell and goes with a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration). Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion are all examples.

25. – 27. Describe diffusion:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)  Moves with/against concentration gradient (circle one)

 For large/small molecules (circle one or both!)

 Specific/not specific (circle one)

 Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one)

28. – 30. Describe facilitated diffusion:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)

 Moves with/against concentration gradient (circle one)

31. – 33. Describe osmosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves with/against* concentration gradient of water (circle one)

 Specific/not specific (circle one) only H2O

 Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one) (aquaporins)

34. - 36. Describe protein pumps:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)  Moves with/against concentration gradient* can (circle one)

37. – 39. Describe endocytosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves with/against concentration gradient * can (circle one)

 For large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!)

 Uses/does not use carrier proteins * vesicles (circle one)

40. – 42. Describe exocytosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)

 Moves with/against concentration gradient * can (circle one)

 For large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!)

 Uses/does not use carrier proteins * vesicles (circle one)

Define and tell what a cell would do in each kind of solution below: 43. Hypotonic Solution has lower concentration than cell Net movement of water is into the cell and it expands and may explode! (cytolysis)

44. Isotonic Solution has the same concentration compared to the cell Water moves both into and out of the cell at an equal rate, and the cell does not change size.

45. Hypertonic Solution has higher concentration than cell Net movement of water is out of the cell and it shrinks! (plasmolysis)

Identify each image as: diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, protein pump, exocytosis or endocytosis.

46. _Protein Pump_ 47. _Osmosis__

48. __Endocytosis__ 49. _Facilitated diffusion_ 50. _Diffusion_ 51. _ Exocytosis__