<p>Name: _Answer Key_ Pretest grade: _____/51 Posttest grade _____/51 Ch 7.3 Pretest: Cell Transport Matching: Match the term on the right with the definition on the left.</p><p>1. __E __ when a cell expands so much from osmosis A. active transport that the cell membrane breaks B. ATP 2. __B__ the molecule used by the cell for energy C. carrier protein D. concentration 3. __O__ general term for cell transport not using gradient the cell’s energy. Energy is provided by E. cytolysis random motion (KE) of the substance’s F. diffusion molecules G. endocytosis 4. __K__ when a solution outside the cell has a higher H. equilibrium concentration of dissolved substances I. exocytosis 5. __S__ general term for an organelle used for storing J. facilitated diffusion substances within the cell K. hypertonic 6. __J__ passive transport where proteins help take L. hypotonic things in/out of the cell M. isotonic 7. __N__ process where water enters/leaves the cell to N. osmosis even out concentrations in/out of the cell O. passive transport 8. __P__ active transport where cells take in large P. phagocytosis amounts of solid material Q. pinocytosis 9. __C__ protein in the cell membrane that helps move R. plasmolysis things across S. vesicle 10. __F__ process where molecules simply move from high to low concentration 11. __Q__ active transport where cells take in large amounts of liquids</p><p>12. __I__ process where large amounts of substances leave the cell</p><p>13. __L__ solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside 14. __D__ difference in concentration outside and inside the cell; reason why things move from higher to lower concentration 15. __R__ process where a cell shrinks because it has been put in a hypertonic solution 16. __A__ general term for cell transport involving energy from the cell 17. __H__ although movement of molecules does not stop, there is no net movement. Balance has been achieved inside and outside the cell 18. __G__ general term for active transport where large amounts of substances are taken into the cell and placed in vesicles 19. __M__ a solution that has a concentration of solutes equal to that of a cell</p><p>Explain these three terms with relation to the cell membrane: 20. Phospholipid bilayer Two layers of phosphate and lipid molecules back to back. The outside is hydrophilic (“water loving”; water soluble; polar) while the inside is hydrophobic (“water hating”; water insoluble; nonpolar)</p><p>21. Fluid mosaic Besides phospholipids there are other molecules (carbohydrates, proteins) that make it up. It is dynamic and moving.</p><p>22. Selectively permeable Only certain things are chosen to pass through. Others are kept out.</p><p>23 - 24. There are basically two kinds of cell transport: active and passive. What is the difference? Give an example of each. Active takes energy from the cell (ATP) and can go against a concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). Endocytosis, exocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and protein pumps are all examples.</p><p>Passive does not take energy from the cell and goes with a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration). Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion are all examples.</p><p>25. – 27. Describe diffusion:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)  Moves with/against concentration gradient (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one)</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one)</p><p>28. – 30. Describe facilitated diffusion:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)</p><p> Moves with/against concentration gradient (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one)</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one)</p><p>31. – 33. Describe osmosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)</p><p> Moves with/against* concentration gradient of water (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one) only H2O</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one) (aquaporins)</p><p>34. - 36. Describe protein pumps:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)  Moves with/against concentration gradient* can (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one)</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins (circle one)</p><p>37. – 39. Describe endocytosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)</p><p> Moves with/against concentration gradient * can (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one)</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins * vesicles (circle one)</p><p>40. – 42. Describe exocytosis:  Example of active/passive (circle one)</p><p> Moves things into/out of the cell (circle one or both!)</p><p> Moves with/against concentration gradient * can (circle one)</p><p> For large/small molecules * large amounts (circle one or both!)</p><p> Specific/not specific (circle one)</p><p> Uses/does not use carrier proteins * vesicles (circle one)</p><p>Define and tell what a cell would do in each kind of solution below: 43. Hypotonic Solution has lower concentration than cell Net movement of water is into the cell and it expands and may explode! (cytolysis)</p><p>44. Isotonic Solution has the same concentration compared to the cell Water moves both into and out of the cell at an equal rate, and the cell does not change size.</p><p>45. Hypertonic Solution has higher concentration than cell Net movement of water is out of the cell and it shrinks! (plasmolysis)</p><p>Identify each image as: diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, protein pump, exocytosis or endocytosis.</p><p>46. _Protein Pump_ 47. _Osmosis__</p><p>48. __Endocytosis__ 49. _Facilitated diffusion_ 50. _Diffusion_ 51. _ Exocytosis__</p>