TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
M.V. Netesova E.А. Leksina
SPORT FOR PROFESSIONALS WORKBOOK
Recommended for publishing by the Editorial Board of the Tomsk Polytechnic University
Tomsk Polytechnic University Publishing House 2010 Федеральное агентство по образованию Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ТОМСКИЙ ПОЛИТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
М.В. Нетесова Е.А. Лексина
СПОРТ ДЛЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛОВ РАБОЧАЯ ТЕТРАДЬ
Рекомендовано в качестве учебного пособия Редакционно-издательским советом Томского политехнического университета
Издательство Томского политехнического университета 2010 2 УДК 802.0(075.8) ББК Ш143.21-923 Н571
Нетесова М.В. Н571 Спорт для профессионалов. Рабочая тетрадь: учебное пособие / М.В. Нетесова, Е.А. Лексина - Томск: Изд-во Томского политехнического университета, 2010. - 57 с.
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов факультета физической культуры Томского Политехнического Университета и ВУЗов России. Учебное пособие состоит из профессионально-ориентированных текстов по теме спорт и физическая культура. Ко всем учебным текстам авторами разработаны упражнения, которые предполагают индивидуальную, парную и групповую работу. Текстовый материал пособия позволит студентам получить профессионально-ориентированную информацию на английском языке и пополнить словарь профессиональных терминов по своей специальности. Тексты являются аутентичными и отобраны из современных англоязычных источников (в том числе Интернет сайтов).
УДК 802.0(075.8) ББК Ш143.21-923
Рецензенты Кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, зав. каф. Теории и методики преподавания иностранных языков ТГПУ О. Н. Игна
Кандидат философских наук каф. английской филологии факультета иностранных языков ТГУ И. А. Черепанова
© ГОУ ВПО «Национально исследовательский Томский политехнический университет», 2010 © Нетесова М.В., Лексина Е.А., 2010 © Оформление. Издательство Томского
политехнического университета, 2010
3 TO THE STUDENTS
This book is for you if you are studying sport or if you work in the sport industry. What is in English for sportsmen? The Class Book and the Student’s Book contain 8 units. All based on themes from sport industry. It includes topics such as: . tennis . football . wrestling . dancing . fitness Each unit opens with a few questions. And often some pictures, to start you thinking about the theme you will be studying. Reading will improve your reading skills. Speaking activities present realistic and motivating situations where you can practice the language you have studied. The Vocabulary sections will help you to develop a richer vocabulary. These sections introduce and practice many words and expressions required in the sport industry. A word list of more than 100 sport terms included in the Class Book is printed on the final pages, along with translations into Russian language. A Workbook provides extra tasks for study at home or in class.
We very hope you will enjoy using SPORT FOR PROFESSIONALS.
4 UNIT 1. THE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
PRE-READING
1. You will read the text about Tomsk Polytechnic University. Before you read, match the words 1-5 with their definitions.
1. network A. To identify people, places or things from past experience.
2. recognize B. More than half.
3. reunite C. Assemble, put together or arrange.
4. set up D. To unite or join again, as after separation.
5. majority E. A group of connected parts that work together.
2. Complete the sentences with the missing words above.
1. It took a few hours to ______the TV, VCR, DVD and DVR. 2. The ______of his friends are men. 3. The twins were separated at birth and then ______30 years later. 4. The city bus ______can take you anywhere. 5. I didn't ______him without hair.
READING
3. Fill out the K and the W columns prior to reading and then use the L column to take notes while reading.
K W L What do you What do you WANT to What did you KNOW about know about LEARN about
5 Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Polytechnic University in Tomsk is the oldest technical university in Russia east of the Urals. The university was founded in 1896 and opened in 1900 as the Tomsk Technological Institute. In 1934, the three institutes in Tomsk reunited to form a new institute that would be named the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute. The bright pages in the history of the University were written by professor Yefim L. Zubashev, one of the forefathers of the higher technical education in Siberia; outstanding Russian geologist, academician Vladimir A. Obruchev; famous aviadesigner Nikolai I. Kamov; academician Nikolai N. Semenov, the Nobel Laureate and by many others. The university has more than 22,000 current students and has graduated more than 100,000 technical specialists. The current university rector is Pyotr S. Chubik. Academic departments are: Electrical Engineering Institute Applied Physics & Engineering Faculty Institute of Geology and Oil and Gas Engineering Chemistry & Chemical Engineering The Institute for International Education Faculty The Institute of Languages and Communication Computer science Faculty The Cybernetic Centre Economics & Management Faculty Institute of International Management Electrophysics & Electronic Equipment Institute of Distance Learning Faculty Interindustry Institute for Continuing Education of Humanities Faculty Specialists Mechanical Engineering Faculty The Institute of Engineering Pedagogics Natural Science & Mathematics Physical Education Thermal Power Engineering Faculty TPU has a number of relationships with schools all over the world. It has set up several centers in cooperation with schools abroad such as Ohio State University, Michigan State University, Goethe-Institute and Louis Pasteur University. It is a member of the Top Industrial Managers for Europe network. The various centers include: The Russian-American Centre The Russian-German Centre The Russian-French Centre The Asian and Pacific Centre The Central Asia Centre for Engineering Education (CACEE) International Scientific Relations Department TPU also has representative offices in Karlsruhe (Germany), Prague (Czech Republic) and Nicosia (Cyprus). During the last years Tomsk Polytechnic University works out the program of integration in the world scientific and academic society. TPU was one of the first universities in Russia who passed on the multilevel system of the higher education. This system is recognized in the majority of the countries and is one of the important steps toward the recognition of the TPU diploma in the world. Besides, during the last three years The Institute of Language Communication; The British Council Center; The International Center of MBA Programs and Heriot-Watt Petroleum Engineering Approved Support Center were opened in TPU.
4. Discuss the questions.
1. When was the University founded?
6 2. When did the University get its name? 3. What does the collocation “bright pages” mean? 4. What do you know about the number of students at Tomsk Polytechnic University? 5. What are the most prestigious departments? Why do you think so? 6. What is the university famous for? 7. Why did you choose Tomsk Polytechnic University?
VOCABULARY
5. Complete the passage with the words from the box. Do not use any word more than once. One word is extra.
diploma high younger lessons class elementary older
American school
American children go to 1)………. school when they are six years. Preschool is for children 2)…….than five. Boys and girls are in class together. Every 3)……… has an American flag in it. Everyday they are standing up and saluting the flag. At elementary school 4)………. last 30 minutes. At 5)…………school lessons last 50 minutes. The best mark for students is A-6)…………… After school children get a 7)………….. .
6. Put the letters in the right order to make up the necessary word. Complete the sentences.
Full-time education is 1)………up to the middle teenage years. (pocomusrly) There are three 2)………. in education. (gasste) The first stage is 3)………… education; the second is secondary education; the third is futher education at the university or college. Before going to a primary school children receive 4)………….. education, some children attend pre-school play-groups. (resyrun) At the age of five children start their education in an 5)…………school and move to a 6) ……… school at the age of six. (finatn, roujin) Primary school vary in size and location. Pupils study different subjects: English, Mathematics, Science, History, Music, Geography). Over 80 per cent of all primary schools are 7………(dexmi).
7. Match each verb with the definitions below.
run kick shoot pass tackle hit pitch 1.______throw the ball for a point. 2.______throw the ball to a teammate. 3.______throw the ball at the batter.
7 4.______hit the ball with your foot. 5.______knock someone to the ground. 6.______make contact with the ball using a bat. 7.______move quickly.
PHRASAL VERBS in sport
8. Choose the correct phrasal verb in these sentences.
1. If you criticise people, you run them down / run over them. 2. If you encounter a problem, you run up against/ through it. 3. When you meet someone unexpectedly in the street, you run across/over them. 4. If you want someone to explain something to you, you ask them to run out of /through the details with you. 5. When children are very naughty, their parents run up against/ out of patience. 6. If you're very busy, you're always running around/down.
9. Complete these sentences so that they are true for you.
1. I don't like running people down because ...... 2. If I run up against a problem, I ...... 3. If I run across a friend when I'm out shopping, I ...... 4. I ask someone to run through something again if I...... , 5. I run out of patience very quickly when I ...... 6. I find I'm always running around when
WRITING: Descriptive Paragraphs
10. Study the example of Descriptive Paragraphs: New York City
New York City is in the United States. New York City is located in New York State. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean. It was founded in 1625 as "New Amsterdam". It was first settled by the Dutch. It is important for commerce. Wall Street is located in New York City. It has many national and international banks. It has many important skyscrapers. The World Trade Center is located in New York City. The Empire State Building is in New York City. New York City is an important city for immigration. Ellis Island used to be the entry point for many immigrants at the turn of the century. There is an interesting immigration museum on Ellis Island.
8 New York, New York is located on the Atlantic Coast of the United States of America. It was first settled as "New Amsterdam" in 1625 by the Dutch. Today, New York City is an important commercial and banking center which includes Wall Street. Among its many important skyscrapers are the World Trade Center and The Empire State Building. One of the most interesting museums is on Ellis Island which served as the entry point for many immigrants who passed through New York City.
11. Work in groups. Do you know what is Ivan Cherezov? Arrange the list of ideas about Ivan Cheresov.
Write a paragraph about Ivan Cherezov using your list.
9 UNIT 2. WHAT IS WRESTLING?
PRE-READING & VOCABULARY
1. Match the words (1-11) to their definitions A-K.
1. accomplish A. Related to war or military operations. 2. martial B. The collection of legends believed by people that concern gods and heroes. 3. mythology C. To have the ceremony and festivity that mark a day or event. 4. originate D. A series of games or contests among many to choose a single winner. 5. popularity E. The quality of being believable or trustworthy. 6. credibility F. The papers and records that show or explain something. 7. celebrate G. The state of being liked by many people. 8. documentation H. To create or begin something. 9. establish I. To succeed at what one wanted to do. 10. tournament J. To determine if something is true or not. 11. find K. To locate something.
2. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
celebrates tournaments mythology established martial accomplished popularity find credibility documentation
1. The ______for this computer is not very good. 2. He ______his birthday with a cake and a party. 3. The police ______that he was at home at the time of the crime. 4. Golf ______are popular all over the world. 5. I can't ______my keys. 6. After he was arrested, his ______was ruined. 7. The band played ______music as the soldiers marched to war. 8. As soon as she ______one project she started another. 9. Zeus is the main god in Greek ______, and he has many wives. 10. His ______as a singer helped him become a movie star.
3. Find the synonyms.
1. dominant A. outstanding 2. dissolution B. probability 3. credibility C. rapidity, speed
10 4. spanning D. destruction 5. reverse E. struggle, fight 6. quickness F. stretching 7. slam G. opposite, back 8. occur H. slap down, dash, crash 9. contest I. happen , befall
READING
4. Read the text and decide if these statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
1. Wrestling is a young kind of sport. 2. Shuai Jiao was known more than three thousand years ago. 3. The pictures of wrestlers were found in China on tombs. 4. British wrestling is a marital art. 5. Wrestling winners were poor people in Europe. 6. Greco-Roman tournaments were widespread in Europe.
The history of wrestling Some of the earliest references to wrestling, can be found in wrestling mythology. The Mahabharata describes the encounter between the accomplished wrestlers Bhima and Jarasandha. The Epic of Gilgamesh: Gilgamesh established his credibility as a leader, after wrestling Enkidu. Greek mythology celebrates the rise of Zeus as ruler of the earth after a wrestling match with his father, Cronus. Shuai Jiao, a wrestling style originating in China, has a reported history of over 4,000 years. In Egypt, wrestling has been evidenced by documentation on tombs (circa 2300 BC) and Egyptian artwork (2000-1085 BC). Greek wrestling was a popular form of martial art, at least in Ancient Greece (about 1100 to 146 BC). On continental Europe, prize money was offered in large sums to the winners of Greco- Roman tournaments, and freestyle wrestling spread rapidly in the United Kingdom and in the United States after the American Civil War. Wrestling professionals soon increased the popularity of Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling, worldwide.
5. You will read the article about the best Russian wrestler - Aleksandr Karelin. What do you know about this person? Fill out the K and the W columns prior to reading and then use the L column to take notes while reading.
K W L
What do you What do you WANT to know What did you KNOW about about LEARN about
11 6. Read the article about the world's best wrestler. Choose from the sentences (A-G) the best ending to each section (1-6). There is one extra sentence.
A."I train every day of my life as they have never trained a day in theirs." B. Karelin was born an astonishing 6.8 kg (15 lb) baby. C. He won gold medals at the 1988, 1992, and 1996 Olympic Games. D. Gardner took the gold medal. E. He is universally considered to be the greatest Greco-Roman wrestler of all time. F. The match took place in the Maeda owned Professional Wrestling organisation, RINGS. G. He is also active in politics.
Karelin, the best wrestler
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Karelin, or simply Alexander Karelin was born September 19, 1967 in Novosibirsk, is a Hero of the Russian Federation and was a dominant Greco-Roman wrestler for the Soviet Union and later, after its dissolution, for Russia. 1………………………………………… Nicknamed the "Russian Bear" and "Alexander the Great", he went undefeated in international competition (spanning from 1987 until 2000), save for being upset in his last match by American Rulon Gardner in the gold-medal match at the Sydney Olympics. He was respected for his extraordinary strength and unprecedented success in international competition. 2 …………………………………………………… He competed at the heaviest weight class of his day, 130 kg (286 lb). His conditioning, quickness, and incredible physical stature for his weight, led to him being known as "The Experiment" by much of the rest of the world. When asked why he thought he was called that, Karelin noted that others don't understand because 3 ………………………………… Karelin was famous for his reverse body lift, the "Karelin Lift", where facing the opponent who was lying flat on the mat to keep from being thrown, Karelin raised his opponents into the air and slammed them violently to the mat. Karelin's ability to perform this throw against elite opponents weighing as much as 130 kg was amazing to audiences as well as other participants and observers of the sport. 4……………………………………… Karelin's first loss in 13 years of international competition, and first lost point in 6 years, occurred in the 2000 Summer Olympics wrestling finals against Rulon Gardner. Karelin had earlier beaten Gardner in 1997. 5…………………. On February 21, 1999 Aleksandr Karelin defeated Akira Maeda in a worked Professional Wrestling contest that drew an incredible gate of $2.5 million. The match gained widespread media coverage, including mentions in The New York Times and Sports Illustrated. 6……………………………. Karelin officially retired from competitive wrestling in 2000 and began his political career. He joined the United Russia party and was elected to the State Duma as a representative of the Novosibirsk Oblast in 1999 and 2003. Karelin holds a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) in Physical Education. 12 7. Answer the questions.
1. When was Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Karelin born? 2. When did he become a dominant Greco-Roman wrestler? 3. What is the nickname of Karelin? Why did he get it? 4. Why is he known as "The Experiment"? 5. When did he get his first loss? 6. When and what did he draw? 7. What does Aleksandr Karelin do besides the sport?
8. Make up a plan of the text about Aleksandr Karelin. Use your plan to retell the text.
PHRASAL VERBS with come.
9. Study the meaning of the phrasal verbs with the verb come.
Come across - to meet somebody occasionally. Come round - to visit casually, to change one’s point of view. Come out - to become known Come down to - to reach the essential point Come into - to inherit, to join a group or activity
10. Compete the sentences with the missing phrasal verbs above.
1. He came ______his rival for the first time, when he participate in the Olympic games. 2. It was some time before he came ______after being knocked out. 3. He came ______a fortune last year. 4. It’s no use trying to keep this secret; it’s sure to come ______in the end. 5. I came ______to the country cottage in the morning.
WRITING: Describing a famous person
When we describe a famous person, we talk about his/her short biography, character, hobbies/interests, achievements. We start a new paragraph for each topic.
11. Imagine you are a reporter. Look at the paragraph plan below, and then write an article describing your favourite sportsman or about sportsman you don’t like. Plan INTRODUCTION Para 1: name – what he/she is famous for MAIN BODY Para 2: short biography 13 Para 3: character Para 4: achievements Para 5: some interesting information about interests, free time activities. CONCLUSION Para 6: final comments (say whether you like him or not and what you think of him) You can use the article about Aleksandr Karelin as an example.
14 UNIT 3. FITNESS, DANCING & AEROBICS
PRE-READING
1. You are going to read a text. In the text, the author, Ismael Otero, writes about Salsa. What do you know about Salsa? Make up a list of four things.
2. Before you read the text match the words and phrases (1 - 7) from the text to their definitions and synonyms A-G.
1. put smb in a spell A. a person who dances salsa 2. conclusion B. definite 3. proper C. sources, basis 4. combine D. the last part of the text with some results 5. roots E. to be impressed by music 6. salsero F. peculiar, formal, fit 7. certain G. mix
3. Read the text and say if all the points A-G are mentioned in the text.
The history of salsa The technique of dancers
Rules of salsa Salsa and people’s
emotions
Styles of salsa Differences in salsa styles
How to start to dance salsa An influence of music
READING
15
SALSA
Modern Salsa is from New York, I could write all night but I want to make it short. If you grow up with the music, you understand it more. I used to listen to the song by Marc Anthony called "Preciosa" which starts like a danza and turns into a cha cha and since it was a song about Puerto Rico, it would put me in a spell. I'm sure that songs about Cuba brings tears to Cuban's eyes and the same to Columbians - and I would wonder: do non-Latin people really feel what we feel? My conclusion is YES they do, I have seen it with my own eyes and believe that this music touches the soul no matter what race. To me, the problem with some non-Latin dancers is that they are too technical, even some Latin dancers too, but I feel that you have to really listen to the music. Not just the count or technique, some dancers can't follow or even know the proper techniques but they can move. I try to combine the roots with technique and to me, that's what makes a great all-round dancer. If you're only concerned with turn patterns and footwork, you just a salsa dancer. To be a salsero you need to know the roots: a little African dance, a little pure Cuban dance, a little Puerto Rican dance and a little Columbian dance, then the natural rhythm will take over. In your question, you stated all the styles from different countries - what you have to understand is that people hear the music in different ways and it makes you move certain ways and that's why there are many ways to dance salsa. Africa, Cuba, Puerto Rico and Columbia are what I call differently the same and when you understand the music it doesn’t matter what race you are you are a true salsero. P.S. There are too many teachers not doing their jobs, remember some people can show you to dance and others can teach you to dance. To teach is to make you understand, and if you understand what you are doing, it's more natural. I can go on and on. Let me know if you have more questions Ismael Otero.
4. Complete the sentences (1 - 5) choosing the best variant.
1. Songs about Cuba brings tears to listeners because a) people there are very weak and poor. b) the music is very pleasant. c) it is not everything OK with your nerves.
2. Music touches the soul a) only of European people. b) only of Russian people. c) no matter what race.
16 3. According to the article to dance well you really need a) to listen to music. b) to take a lot of dancing classes. c) to be very technical.
4. Salsa can not be the same dance everywhere because a) every nations has its own music. b) there are many ways how to dance. c) salsa has international roots.
5. You are a true salsero if you a) are too technical. b) know a lot of dancing styles. c) understand what you are doing.
VOCABULARY
5. Complete the text with the missing words from the box. There is an example.
0 entertaining 3 zero 6 hard 1 national 4 trained 7 partner 2 ballroom 5 master 8 dances
In general, ballroom dances very (0) entertaining show material. In our dance show program we have such 1 ______dances as: Samba, Rumba, Cha-cha- cha. Dance costumes integrate with a subjects of dance. Sports dances, they are not only ballroom dances, it is also rock-and-roll. Alexander completed 2 ______dance school (folklore dances, classical dance), what learn at many Universities of culture, till now. And for him 3 years were necessary to be 3 ______in ballroom dances, and it was very 4 ______to be retrained from one dance school to another, but it is better than to start learning sports dances from 5 ______. Alyona, after receiving the 6 ______of sports in rhythmic gymnastics, has gone on sports ballroom dances, where she reached a class “B” and left ballroom 7 ______because of the widespread problem there - there was no suitable 8 ______.
6. Make up 15 word collocations using the words from the lists A and B. The first one is the example.
A B A - B non-latin costumes 1. ballroom dances ballroom school 2. suitable equipment 3. modern dances 4. sport muscles 5. 17 cycling composition 6. natural gymnastics 7. colourful gloves 8. lower-body techniques 9. body dancers 10. dance games 11. widespread rhythm 12. proper machine 13. leather partner 14. rhythmic problem 15.
7. Use word collocations above to write 8 sentences about fitness, aerobics and dances. There is one example.
0 Ballroom dances are very popular nowadays.
1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______
PHRASAL VERBS with take
8. Study the meaning of the phrasal verbs with the verb ‘turn’.
A. B. Take after - to have similarity to sb in qualities. Take off - to leave the ground in a plane. Take back - to return something. Take away - to substract. Take in - to understand an idea. Take to - to begin to like someone or something. Take up - to go in for, to occupy, to use. Take down - to write down. Take sth up with sb - to discuss a problem with someone.
18 9 Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs from the list A above. The first one is an example.
1. My elder brother is tolerant. I’d like to take after him, but I don’t. 2. He photography ______for 7 years. 3. ______you ______the books to the library yet? 4. You may ______the garbage. We’ve finished our work. 5. It wasn’t easy ______the matter. 6. This film was shown on TV in 1999 and everybody ______it at once. 7. You’ll forget my number. ______it ______. 8. You should ______this problem _____ with your parents.
WRITING: for and against
10. Write a composition about advantages or disadvantages of going in for fitness, aerobics and dancing. There must be three paragraphs: introduction, the main body and conclusion. Try to answer all these questions and add your ideas.
1. Why do people go in for fitness, aerobics and dancing? 2. What is more efficient to be fit and healthy? 3. Which (fitness, aerobics or dancing) is more suitable to have a good mood? 4. What is for children? What is for adults? 5. What are the advantages or disadvantages of these kinds of sports? 6. What do you prefer more? Why?
Linking words in spite of pros and cons another point is that one advantage is that all things considered for instance to sum up in my opinion one disadvantage is especially moreover finally
Write 140 - 170 words.
19 UNIT 4. TENNIS
PRE-READING
1. You will read the text about Dinara Safina. Study the words from the text. Match the words to their definitions. There is one example.
0 eventual A. The final outcome. 1. fluent B. Putting one in a position in a group like the army. 2. qualify C. To win a contest, game or battle. 3. reign D. Able to speak a foreign language correctly and easily. 4. represent E. One who fights for something or someone. The best at something. 5. champion F. To be good enough. To have what is needed. 6. rank G. A series of games or contests among many to choose a single winner. 7. tournament H. To hold and exercise sovereign power. 8. ranking I. A place on a comparison list. 9. defeat J. To speak or act for another person or group.
2. Complete the sentences with the words above.
1. Golf tournaments are popular all over the world.
2. The top person in the army is ______general. 3. She is the ______of her family. 4. The hotel does not have enough rooms so it does not ______for our meeting. 5. Mohammed Ali ______Joe Frazier in the Thrilla in Manila. 6. Her ______at school is great! Only three students did better. 7. The hotel is not enough to ______for our meeting. 8. Because she had lived in so many countries, she was ______in many languages. 9. The ______result of smoking is death. 10. Muhammad Ali was the world ______. 11. She ______her company at the conference. 20 READING
3. Fill out the K and the W columns prior to reading and then use the L column to take notes while reading.
K W L What do you What do you WANT to What did you KNOW about know about LEARN about
4. Read the text and say if the sentences are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
1. Dinara is Spanish. 2. She got the women's doubles title at the 2007 US Open with Nathalie Dechy. 3. Dinara has a world famous step brother. 4. She became the second in Beijing. 5. Dinara took the second place in the 2009 French Open. 6. Safina speaks fluent Spanish as well as Russian and Tartar. 7. Dinara’s coach is her mother. 8. She defeated her first four opponents before losing in the final to Slovak Dominika Cibulková.
Dinara Safina
Dinara Mikhailovna Safina (born April 27, 1986 in Moscow) is a Russian professional tennis player and the current World No. 1. She has been the runner-up in three Grand Slam singles tournaments and won the women's doubles title at the 2007 US Open with Nathalie Dechy. She also won the Olympic silver medal in women's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Her most recent achievement is runner-up in the 2009 French Open. Safina was born in Moscow, Russia to Tartar parents. Her mother, tennis coach Rauza Islanova, was her trainer when she was younger. Safina's father is 21 director of the Spartak tennis club in Moscow. At age 8 Safina and her family moved to Valencia, Spain and as a result Safina speaks fluent Spanish as well as Russian and English. Her current coach is Željko Krajan. She trains in Varazdin, Croatia. Safina made her debut in the main draw of a WTA Tour tournament in May 2002.She won her first title of her career in Sopot, Poland, defeating two seeds - including World No. 24 Patty Schnyder. She entered the top 100 on the world rankings as a result of this win. Later that year, Safina made her debut at a Grand Slam. In October, at the Kremlin Cup in Moscow, she defeated a top 20 player for the first time, World No. 14 Silvia Farina Elia. Representing Russia at the Beijing Olympics, Safina defeated World No. 1 Jankovic in the quarterfinals in three sets, making her the first player in the history of the WTA Tour to defeat three different reigning World No. 1 players in the same year. However, she lost in the semifinals to the eventual champion Serena Williams, 6-3, 6-2. After this tournament, her ranking rose to a career high of World No. 5. Safina began the 2009 year by representing Russia with her brother Marat Safin in the Hopman Cup in Perth. She defeated her first three opponents before losing in the final to Slovak Dominika Cibulková 6-7, 6-1, 6-4. On April 20, Safina became the 19th player, and second Russian after Maria Sharapova, to be ranked World No. 1 by the Sony Ericsson WTA Tour. Safina and her brother Marat Safin are the first ever brother-sister World No. 1 pair, with Safin having been ranked World No. 1 by the Association of Tennis Professionals earlier in his career. Safina has become the first player to qualify for the year-ending Sony Ericsson Championships, to be held in Doha, Qatar.
5. Answer the questions.
1. When was Dinara born? 2. Who are her parents? 3. How many languages does she speak? 4. When did her family arrive in Spain? 5. Has she got a trainer? 6. When did she make her debut at a Grand Slam? 7. Does she know Serena Williams? 8. What is her brother famous for? 9. What title did Dinara and Marat get?
VOCABULARY
22 6. TENNIS TERMS: match the words (A - J) to their definitions 1 - 9. There is one example.
0 Break A. to win a game as the receiving player or team, thereby breaking serve. 1. Court B.- a tennis game played by four players, two per side of the court 2. Crosscourt C.- a tennis game played by two players. 3. Davis Cup D.- hitting the ball diagonally into the opponent's court 4. Doubles E. K.- a soft, hollow, air-filled rubber ball coated in a synthetic fur, used in the game of tennis. 5. Love game F.- a bat with a long handle and a large looped frame with a string mesh tautly stretched across it, the frame made of wood, metal, graphite, composite, or some other synthetic material, used by a tennis player to hit the tennis ball during a game of tennis 6. Net G.- An international, annual Men's tennis competition in which teams from participating countries compete in a single elimination format with matches occurring at several intervals during the year 7. Singles H.- a shutout game, won without the opponent scoring 8. Tennis Ball I.- the piece of netting stretched across the middle of the court; it is held up by the posts 9. Racquet J.- the area designated for playing a game of tennis (Racket)
7. Complete the table as in the example. Decide where each sport takes place using the list below.
pitch ring rink course court stadium
SPORT PERSON PLACE
boxing boxer ring athletics athlete ……………….. tennis …………… ……………….. golf …………… ……………….. ice-skating …………… ……………….. cricket …………… ……………….. football …………… ………………..
PHRASAL VERBS with look
23 8. Study the meaning of the phrasal verbs with the verb ‘turn’.
A. B. Look over - to examine Look on - to watch Look into - to investigate Look out - to be careful Look through - to read quickly Look after - to take care Look up - to find in a book
9. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verbs from the list A above. The first one is an example.
1. Look out in the forest. You can lose your way in the dark. 2. Could you ______the information on their website? 3. I ______just these newspapers. There is nothing interesting. 4. The police should ___ this crime. 5. This car is rather old. ______it ______carefully before you decide it to buy. T: 1 look out 2 look up 3 have just looked through 4 look into 5 look it over
WRITING
10. Write the sentences as in the example. Model: Baseball is more interesting than a football.
1. hockey / lifting / dangerous 2. volleyball / windsurfing / stressful 3. tennis / badminton / fast 4. Roger Federrer / Pavluchenko / famous 5. Karelin Alesander / Pddubniy / strong 6. Popov / Cherevko / brave
24 UNIT 5. FOOTBALL
PRE-READING
1. Think about the following points:
1. How important is sport in your country? 2. What sports are traditionally played? 3. Are they the same for girls and boys? 4. Are they the same in summer and winter?
2. Football and rugby have both been popular sports in Britain since the last century, read the text below to answer these questions:
1. Which came first - football or rugby? 2. Where does the name 'rugby' come from? 3. What two main differences between football and rugby are mentioned? 4. What is the other name for football? 5. Do you know about any other differences between football and rugby?
READING
FOOTBALL’S PAST
In the early 19th century, football was very popular in the top private schools in England. Initially, each school had its own rules and while the pupils were still at school the fact that they played by these particular rules hardly mattered. When, however, they left for the universities or for business in the provinces, it became clear that if they were to continue playing football they were going to need a universal set of rules, acceptable to all teams. Up until the 1850s, two teams at, say, Oxford University, would only be playing a familiar game if every player had been to the same school. As things turned out, a major game was often preceded by a long correspondence with lengthy arguments about the rules. Was handling to be allowed? How many players on each side? How long should the pitch be? How wide the goals? Would carrying the ball be permitted? (Yes', would say all the ex-pupils of Rugby school; 'No', would say almost everyone else.) And even when the game got under way, confusion and protests would necessitate long midfield conferences between the two captains. In time it became usual for the ex-Rugby students and their small but growing company of followers from other schools to play 'rugby' football on their own and for the others to come to some agreement over the rules of the more popular version. Few of these early codes of rules have come down to us complete, but snatches from them give a clear idea of the patterns of the early game, and in particular how boring it must have been to stand in the cold and watch. The first serious attempts at laying down the rules of football were made at 25 Cambridge University in 1848 and these were adapted and tightened up twice in the 1850s. Then in November 1862 me Cambridge Rules were revised yet again and specified 11-a-side, an umpire from each side plus a neutral referee, goals 12 feet (3.7m) across and up to 20 feet (6.15m) high and an hour and a quarter's play only. These rules were said to have worked well; in the following year they formed a vital part of the rules of the newly formed Football Association. The formation of the Football Association was bitter and often ill-tempered. With neither side willing to give way, the split between rugby players and the rest became too wide ever to be mended. The real disagreement was not over running with the ball, but over 'hacking'. Rugby players felt it was manly and courageous to tackle an opponent by kicking him on the leg; the others did not, and voted against it. The rugby men called them cowards and walked out. Rugby did, however, leave behind one significant innovation - the more precise name for its competitor. The story may not be true, but the legend is that one Charles Wreford- Brown, who later became a notable official of the Football Association, was asked by some friends at Oxford whether he would join them for a game of rugby or 'rugger', as it was now often called. He refused, claiming that he was going to play 'soccer' - evidently a play on the word 'association'. It caught on.
3. For questions 1-7, choose the answer (А, В, С or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
1. In the middle of the 19th century, it became clear that A. university football was played by a special set of rules. В. not all football teams were prepared to accept standard rules. С. each school had different rules for football. D. provincial footballers played by old-fashioned rules.
2. Before the mid-19th century, the rules for important games were mainly settled by A. letters exchanged before the match. В. players from the same school. С. a special meeting between the two captains. D. all the players on the pitch.
3. We know from the text that football before 1848 was A. very similar to modern rugby. В. more strictly regulated than rugby. С. always played with the same width goal. D. not very interesting for spectators.
4. 'snatches' probably means A. detailed copies. В. players' descriptions. С. short extracts. D. careful diagrams.
26 5. The Cambridge Rules of 1862 laid down A. the minimum time for a game. В. the number of players and officials. С. the exact size of the goal. D. the maximum length of the pitch.
6. Rugby players could not agree with the Football Association over A. running with the ball. В. kicking other players. С. what to call the game. D. the shape of the goal.
4. What are the minority sports in your country? Are there any you would like to try?
PRE-READING
5. You are going to read a newspaper article about fitness training for footballers. Choose the most suitable heading A-H for each part (1-6) of the article. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A. A break with tradition B. A chance to make a good impression C. Gradual acceptance D. An established idea E. A fortunate coincidence F. A positive first response G. comparing approaches H. Under expert guidance
READING
FIRST STEP TO FITNESS 0____H______In a room beneath a football stadium in Sheffield, a city in the north of England, the teenagers who hope to be the football stars of tomorrow are dancing up and down, balancing on one leg and performing various steps and hops to the jazz music of Robbie Williams. Dressed in the traditional red and white stripes of the local professional football club, members of the club's youth team are being coached by Jane McClaren, a fully-trained jazz dancer. 1.______The dance and football programme in Sheffield came about as a result of a meeting between local football coaches and professional dancers. The aim was to share ideas on fitness and training and see how experts in different fields dealt with similar problems. The programme that followed has been so successful that other teams are now considering setting up similar schemes.
27 2.______The idea for the meeting came originally from Mileva Drljaca, a specialist in contemporary dance. As she recalls, it happened quite by chance: 'I joined a gym which, it turned out, was also being used by injured players from the local professional football team. As I watched, I realised that some of the training techniques used by ballet dancers might help them towards recovery, and so I mentioned it to their trainer.' 3.______It is mainly thanks to her suggestion that football clubs are now discovering the concept of the 'strong centre', one familiar to dancers for decades. 'Both traditional and modern dance styles rely on strong stomach muscles,' she explains. 'You can prevent injury to the back and make it loose by having a strong centre. Footballers need a loose back so that they can kick and twist, jump and head the ball, and then land without injury' 4.______17-year-old Lewis Killeen, one of the young players, was an instant convert. 'I'm not really into dancing and don't go to discos,' he said. 'But as soon as I started doing it, I could see how it would help. The movements are very similar to those we do in football, especially when you have to turn quickly with the ball.' 5.______According to the club's trainer, however, the initial reaction of most players to the new idea was more cautious. Some of them were obviously worried that they might be laughed at. But having tried it, most began to see the advantages of the programme. They realise there are benefits to be gained from other disciplines,' he said. 'And anything that improves balance, co-ordination and overall fitness must be a good thing.' Young players at the club are now also being taught rock climbing and swimming as an extension of the scheme. 6.______Meanwhile, back at the stadium, the youth team players are training hard. They are going to perform their dance routine at half-time when Sheffield play an important match next month. It will be the first opportunity they've had to run on to the pitch in front of all the club's fans, and they are keen not to put a foot wrong.
6 Answer these questions.
1. This paragraph talks about 'sharing ideas' about methods of training. Which heading expresses this? 2. How did the meeting happen? Was it planned? 3. What training technique does this paragraph describe? How long has this been known by dancers? 4. Is the player in this paragraph in favour of or against the idea? Which heading expresses this? 5. Look for a word in the headings which means the same as 'opportunity'. (From: Jane Alkemano, Fast track to FCE)
VOCABULARY
28 7 For questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer А, В, С or D in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).
THE EARLY DAYS OF FOOTBALL Football became the game we know today during the (0) __D____of Queen Victoria in nineteenth century. So many different (1)______of the game were being played in Britain at that time, that in 1863 the Football Association was (2)_____in order to draw up and agree the (3)______of the game. Throughout the country new football (4) _____were built and the development of the railways (5)_____that football teams and their (6)_____could travel to the matches. In 1888 the Football League was (7) _____up with twelve clubs, and football became a national sport, (8) ______to rugby by many people as the more popular game of the (9) ______. Sometimes people played the game in just a field. In one town, Burnley, in the north of England, the field had a river (10) ____along the side of it in which players (11)_____baths after matches. People stood on banks (12) _____from earth and it was not until the 1900s that (13) ______stands were built. The players would have had two wooden (14) _____for the goals with tapes across the top instead of a cross bar, and nets were not (15)____ until 1891.
1. A. methods В. condition С. forms D. ways s 2. A. formed В. made С. joined D. offered 3. A. techniques В. laws С. rules D. lines 4. A. grounds В. places С. lands D. courses 5. A. helped В. intended С. said D. meant 6. A. organizers В. fans С. partners D. helpers 7. A. A put В. got С. set D. made 8. A. wanted В. preferred С. liked D. favoured 9. A. two В. both С. other D. one 10. A. lying В. moving С. running D. causing 11. A. got В. took С. ran D. picked 12. A. produced В. made С. consisted D. worked 13. A. accurate В. right С. proper D. correct 14. A. pins В. nails С. points D. posts 15. A. invented В. composed С. completed D. presented (From: Diana L. Fried-Booth, First certificate, Practice Tests)
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8. Read the text below and decide which word А, В, С or D best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).
FOOTBALL IN BRAZIL
The (0) experience of going to a football (1)____ in Brazil is something which even people who are not (2)_____of the game will really enjoy. You (3)______the big event together with thousands of screaming football enthusiasts accompanied by the (4)_____of drums and waving of flags. It's not just that the football is great, there is a (5) _____and genuine love for the game which is (6)_____from the way that rival fans (7)_____peacefully together. In addition to this Brazil has the most beautiful stadiums in the world. There is (8)_____rivalry between teams throughout Brazil and even smaller provincial centres frequently have football (9)____which are well up to international standards. It won’t cost you a (10)_____ to get to see a game and the stadiums are not usually (11)_____, so it’s quite easy to get a ticket at the gate, instead of having to pay in (12)_____. Football is an almost year-round activity in much of Latin America and although many of the (13) _____teams in cities like Rio and Sao Paolo have some key (14)_____ imported from Europe there are plenty of (15)______stars and certainly enough to provide some very exciting football.
0 A. event В. happening C. experience D. evidence 1. A. play В. match C. contest D. event 2. A. friends В. leaders C. experts D. fans 3. A. watch В. notice C. regard D. observe 4. A. ringing В. blowing C. beating D. shouting 5. A. deep В. low C. extreme D. far 6. A. seen В. noted C. obvious D. open 7. A. mix В. join C. link D. connect 8. A. powerful В. severe C. intense D. near 9. A. grounds В. places C. courses D. parks 10. A. sum В. fee C. treasure D. fortune 11. A. entire В. complete C. full D. occupied 12. A. total В. advance C. cash D. future 13. A. larger В. higher C. upper D. major 14. A. players В. persons C. performers D. members 15. A. area В. close C. local D. district (From: Nick Kenny, First certificate Pass Key) 30
9. Read the text below and think of a word which best fits each space. Use only one word. There is an example at the beginning.
THE LEGEND OF MANCHESTER UNITED
Manchester United, one of the world's greatest football clubs, was founded over 100 years (0) ___ago_. The club was originally called Newton Heath, named after the area (1) ___it started in 1878. Unfortunately, the club had very (2) ___ success at first and in 1902, nine years (3) ___ it had moved to its present site, the owners decided (4) ___ change its name. Someone suggested Manchester Central, but the fans were not keen (5) ___this name, saying that it sounded more like a railway station (6) ___ a football club. A better suggestion - Manchester United - was proposed and readily accepted. Six years later the club won the national championship. But it was not until Matt Busby (7) ___ over as manager in 1945, (8) ___, that the club started to become special. Busby recruited a team of talented young players who helped turn Manchester United (9) ___ the greatest English team of the 1950s. Then, in 1958, just as they (10) ___ beginning to do well in the European Cup, a number (11)___ the players died in a tragic air accident. It was a major setback for the club. However, Busby's 1950s team was followed (12) ____ another great side, which finally succeeded (13) ____winning the European Cup in 1968. After Busby retired, the club had quite (14) ____ few problems, although more recently it has (15) ____ on to achieve even greater success. (From: Jan Bell, First certificate expert)
10. Match the phrasal verb on the left with its more formal equivalent on the right.
1. join in attempt to achieve 2. give in defeat 3. go for surrender 4. pull ahead participate 5. knock out overtake
WRITING
11. Write a composition connected with a sport event in your life. You have to write between 120-180 words in your story. Choose one of the following titles: 1. Write a story about one of the happiest days of your life. 2. Write a story about a day when everything went wrong.
31
UNIT 6 CHESS: sport or hobby?
PRE- READING
1. Match the words (A - I) from the text with their definitions 1 - 9.
A. emergence 1. Usually B. endurance 2. Related to the Middle Ages. C. exert 3. To block or prevent. D. generally 4. To make an effort. E. medieval 5. To decide or judge. F. bar 6. To keep something safe; protect. G. distinguish 7. The ability to suffer pain or stress without stopping H. determine 8. A coming into view I. defend 9. Tell the difference between two things.
2. Complete the sentences with the words above.
1. It can be hard to ______a real diamond from a man- made diamond. 2. He was ______from entering the burning building by the firefighters. 3. The dog barks to ______the house when people come to the door. 4. After thinking about it, he ______that he should turn left. 5. This ______castle was built one thousand years ago. 6. The runner had built up her ______after years of training and could run many miles without stopping. 7. I ______sleep late on weekends. 8. He was too tired to ______himself anymore, so he stopped playing basketball.
READING
32
3. Read the texts about the history of chess and the World Chess Championship. Complete the text with the missing words.
0 game 4. bishop 8. aristocracy 1. ancient 5. chessboard 9. juniors 2. troops 6. individuals 10. eligible
3. queen 7. powerful 11. addition
Chess
Chess is one of the world's oldest (0) game of war. It is generally said to have developed in India at some period before 500 AD. The original pieces, much less mobile than their modern counterparts, represented units of the Indian army, foot-soldiers, cavalry, armed chariots and, of course, elephants. The fighting (2) ……….. were led on the (3) …………. , as in real life, by the king and his senior minister, the vizier, which became the (4) …………in the modern game. From India, it is said, chess spread through China, Persia and Europe. Once the game had reached the West and then was spread in Europe. The king remained unchanged but the elephant was replaced by the (5) ……., reflecting the power of the Church in medieval Europe. The biggest change was the emergence of the queen as the most (6) ………….. piece on the chessboard. Until the twentieth century, chess was often regarded as a game for the (7) …………… of society, but today it exerts a much broader appeal. Among board games, chess has the idea blend of strategy, tactics and pure skill. The competition aspect of chess makes it a battle between two (8) ……… , a battle without bloodshed, but still a fierce struggle of mind, will and physical endurance. More than anything else though, chess has an ancient and distinguished history.
World Chess Championship The World Chess Championship is played to determine the World Champion in the board game chess. Both men and women are (9) ……….. to contest this title. The official world championship began in 1886, when the two leading players in Europe, William Steinitz and Johann Zukertort, played a match. The current world champion is Viswanathan Anand, who won the World Chess Championship 2007 and successfully defended his title against Vladimir Kramnik in the World Chess Championship 2008. In (10) ……… , there is a separate event for women only, for the title of Women's World Champion, and separate competitions and titles for (11) ……. , seniors and computers. Computers are barred from competing for the open title.
33
4. Fill in the table.
Identify 3 important supporting details that contribute to the main
idea of the passage about the history if chess.
Identify 2 details that are not very important to the main idea of the
passage about the history if chess.
Write 1 brief paragraph summarizing the main idea of the passage about the history if
chess.Use the important details to support your discussion of the main idea.
5. Write 15 questions about the texts. Retell one of the texts. VOCABULARY
6. Underline the most suitable word. a) Sue came first in the 5000 metre competition/game/race. b) Jack and Eddie arranged to meet outside the football ground/field/pitch. c) Brenda goes jogging every morning to keep exercised/fit/trained. d) Our team beat/defeated/won the match by two goals to nil. e) The local stadium isn't large enough for so many audience/viewers/spectators. f) I'm afraid I don't find basketball very interested/interesting. g) The final result was sJjxpAiraw/equal/score. h) Norman won first medal/prize/reward in the cookery competition. i) All competitors/rivals/supporters for the race should make their way to the track. j) Collecting matchboxes is Rebecca's favourite leisure/occupation/pastime.
34
7. Work in pairs. Complete this collocation list with either do, go or play. Add at least one more sport to each list. a)______cycling fishing swimming windsurfing b)______athletics judo c)______basketball golf rugby tennis volleyball
PHRASAL VERBS with turn
8. Study the meaning of the phrasal verbs with the verb turn.
A. B. Turn back - to return Turn down - to reject, to refuse Turn out - to arrive, to show up Turn up - to happen in particular way Turn over - to turn so that the bottom is at the top
9. Complete the sentences suing the correct form of the verbs from the list A above. The first one is an example.
1. If he turns up give him this sneakers. 2. He promise to come but ______yet. 3. It ______to be true. 4. If you don’t study properly it ______badly. 5. They were tired and ______their way ______. 6. He didn’t understand anything and ______to the first page. 7. How could you afford to ______their offer to help you?
WRITING
35 10. You are going to write a letter. Before writing, do the tasks. Put the letter 'F' next to those phrases or language types that are used in formal letters and 'T' next to those used in informal letters.
I am sorry to inform you that... Dear Tom, phrasal verbs Dear Ms Smithers, I am very grateful for... Best wishes, Why don't we... Yours faithfully, I will not be able to attend the... I'm really sorry I... idioms and slang Unfortunately, we will have to contracted verb forms like we've, I'm, postpone... etc. We had a little bit of luck... Give my regards to... Our computers are used for a I look forward to hearing from you... variety... Let me know as soon as... I use my pencil sharper for... short sentences polite phrases fewer passive verb forms
11. Look at the phrases (1-11) and match them with a purpose A-K
1. That reminds me,... a) to apologize 2. Why don't we... b) to thank the person for writing 3. I'd better get going... c) to begin the letter 4. Thanks for your letter... d) to change the subject 5. Please let me know... e) to ask a favor 6. I'm really sorry... f) before signing the letter 7. Love, g) to suggest or invite 8. Could you do something for me? h) to ask for a reply 9. Write soon... i) to ask for a response 10. Did you know that.. j) to share some information 11. I'm happy to hear that... k) to finish the letter
12. Choose one of the three subjects and write a letter to a friend or family member
1. Write a letter to a friend you haven't seen or spoken to for a long time. Tell him / her about what you have been doing and ask them how they are and what they have been up to recently. 2. Write a letter to a cousin and invite them to a football match. Give them some details about playing teams. 3. Write a letter to a friend you know has some problems. Ask him / her how she / he is doing and if you can help.
36 UNIT 7. OLYMPIC GAMES
PRE-READING
1. You will read an article about ten great sporting moments of the twentieth century. Before you read, discuss the following questions.
1. What is the social value of international sporting events? 2. Should sport be influenced by what happens in politics? 3. What is the importance of an international sporting achievement to
• the athlete? • the athlete's family? • the athlete's compatriots?
2. The following words and phrases appear in the passage. In what context do you think they will appear? Discuss with a partner, then scan the article to see if your prediction was correct. • roar of excitement • spirit of survival • chants • modesty • giant leap • magical performance
3. Now read the passage thoroughly. For questions 1-15, choose from the answers A - G. You will need to choose some of the feats more than once.
1. Which feats had special emotional value? 1____ 2____ 2. Which feat was accomplished by a well-educated person? 3____ 3. Which feat had political significance? 4____ 4. The performer(s) of which feat was/were underestimated by the opposition? 5 ____ 5. Which feat was seen as the most courageous? 6 ____ 6. The performer(s) of which feat was/were relatively unknown before it? 7 ____ 7. Which feat was achieved with relative ease? 8____ 8. The performer(s) of which feat was/were helped by the weather? 9____ 9. The performer(s) of which feat had to retire from competitive sport immediately after it? 10 ____ 10. Which feats were NOT performed as part of an official competitive event? 11 ____ 12 _____ 11. Which feats angered some people? 13 ____ 14 ____ 12. Which feat involved a retired sportsman? 15 ____ 13. Which feat surprised its performer himself? 16 ____
READING
37 MOMENTS OF GLORY
No matter how many years go by, some sporting feats can never be forgotten. Here are seven moments which define sport in the twentieth century.
MAY 6, 1954: IFFLEY ROAD, ENGLAND Roger Bannister runs the first sub four-minute mile ‘I didn't know it was so difficult’ Roger Bannister gasped. His time of 3 minutes 59.4 seconds had left him exhausted to the point of collapse. But Bannister had claimed athletics' impossible dream. 25-year-old medical student had declared that on 6 May 1954 at Iffley Road, he would, using Chris Chataway and Chris Brasher as pacemakers, be the first man to run the mile inside four minutes. With one lap left, the record seemed out of reach - he needed to run it in 59 seconds. Surging past Chataway with 300 metres to go, he kicked hard. As he crossed the line no one knew if he had done it; only the stop-watch held the answer. Then the announcement came: ‘Result of one mile time, 3 minutes’ - the rest was lost in a roar of excitement.
1936: BERLIN OLYMPIC GAMES Jesse Owens' four Olympic gold medals In five remarkable days Jesse Owens became an Olympic immortal, winning four gold medals at the Berlin Olympics in front of the disbelieving and disapproving gaze of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi hierarchy. He triumphed in the 100m, 200m, long jump and 4 x 100m, setting new world records in all but the 100m. The tragic paradox was that because of a bitter feud with Avery Brundage, the autocratic president of the American Athletic Union and US Olympic Committee (over money, naturally) Berlin not only marked the peak of Owens' athletic career, but also its finale. Banned by Brundage from amateur athletic competition, Owens, who was 24, spent the rest of his running career accepting novelty races against horses, cars and trains.
JULY 19, 1996: ATLANTA OLYMPIC GAMES Muhammad Ali lights the Olympic flame The appearance of the man who will be remembered as the greatest boxer of al j time, Muhammad Ali, 54 and riddled with Parkinson's to the point of mute, quivering helplessness, brought a flood of conflicting emotions. Most of the 83,100 people present were holding their breath as he gripped the Olympic flame like a child wrestling with a rattle. But his eyes raged with fire still. He could have dropped the torch; he even seemed close to letting the flame catch his clothing. His left leg shook uncontrollably. Some were appalled, looking away. Others hardly knew what to say. But, ultimately, there was awed respect for a man whose inner strength is so profound that he can parade his shambling physical form in front of half the world, mingling with the champions of today, knowing his is the spirit of survival. That is why sport matters.
38 29, 1968: WEMBLEY STADIUM, ENGLAND Matt Busby conquers Europe at last Manchester United's achievement in becoming the first English side to win the European Cup was a glorious moment for English football, yet one laced with sadness and irony. Sadness because it was impossible on that May night forget the tragedy of 10 years earlier, when eight United players were among the 23 who died in the Munich air disaster. Busby, the pioneer who insisted on competing in Europe despite the disapproval of the Football League, suffered pangs of guilt after the Munich tragedy but continued the pursuit of his grail. The irony was that the team with which he eventually won the trophy was far from his best: yes, it contained Best, Charlton and Stiles, but in truth it was getting old fast and finished eleventh the next season (by 1973/74 the team had been relegated). Wembley was their last hurrah, though, with Best, Charlton and Brian Kidd scoring the extra time goals to give Busby what he later described as 'the greatest and most memorable event' of his life.
JULY 27, 1952: HELSINKI OLYMPIC GAMES Emil Zatopek wins the Olympic Marathon 'The 68 marathon competitors set off from the Olympic stadium at 3.17 local time to see 26 miles of Finland on foot' reported the Guardian. 'Two hours 23 minutes 3.2 seconds later Zatopek ran cheerfully back into the stadium, all his companions faded and fallen behind.' Having already won the 5,000 and 10,000 metres races, the Czech entered the stadium to chants of 'Za-to-pek! Za- to-рек! and grinned, gesturing to the crowd in mock modesty. 'He didn't look tired, just exhilarated,' the report concluded, 'like a man who had just had a brisk country walk. Zatopek's domination was so total that at one point he managed to chat with photographers as they drove alongside him.
OCTOBER 23, 1968: MEXICO CITY OLYMPIC GAMES Bob Beamon's long jump world record The American's giant leap of 29 feet, two and a half inches (8.90m) thrashed the then world record by almost two feet. Beamon's mark, achieved in the thin air of Mexico City, and with a following wind, was so ahead of its time that no athlete would better it for another 23 years. Beamon said, 'My mind was blank during the jump. After so much jumping, jumping becomes automatic. I was as stunned as anybody by the sheer distance.' The British jumper Lynn Davies told him: ‘You have destroyed this event.’
NOVEMBER 25,1953: WEMBLEY STADIUM, ENGLAND England 3, Hungary 6 'Look at that little fat chap. We'll murder this lot,' said one England player before the kick-off. Ninety minutes later, humble Hungary had demolished England, the first foreign team to inflict defeat on them on their own ground at Wembley. The ‘fat chap’ was Ferenc Puskas, the Hungarian captain. No one in Britain had seen ball skills like his as he inspired a magical performance that 39 destroyed England’s reputation as a world football power. Up until then obscure and unfancied, the Hungarians would soon be acknowledged as one of the greatest football sides of all times.
4. To which of the highlighted words in the article is each of the following terms a synonym?
• deep • conclusion • panted • happy and excited • mixed • dispute
4. The words in bold are used in the article with a special meaning. What do they mean in the passage and what other meanings do they have? (Letters in parentheses indicate the section of the article each phrase comes from.)
1. using Chris Chataway and Chris Brasher as pacemakers (A) 2. Surging past Chataway with 300m to go, he kicked hard.(A) 3. because of a bitter feud with Avery Brundage ...(B) 4. Jesse Owens became an Olympic immortal ...(B) 5. the first English side to win the European Cup ... (D) 6. all his companions faded and fallen behind. (E) 7. We'll murder this lot ...(G) 8. Hungary had demolished England ... (G) (From: Virginia Evans, Upstream, Advanced)
PRE-READING
6. There is a vocabulary. Find the right definition (A - H) for every word (1- 8).
1. Multiple A. complex or different 2. Bid B. pretender, claimant 3. Applicant C. observer, onlooker, witness 4. Shortlisted D. offer 5. Vote E. take a decision about candidate 6. Spectators F. pretender, claimant 7. Shoreline G. side of the coast, sea shore 8. Decrease H. fall
7. Read some interesting facts about the XXII Olympic Winter Games in Sochi.
40 8. Choose from the list (A-D) the name which best summarizes each part 1-4 of the article.
A. Criticism of the Olympic Games B. Sensation! C. Unreal prices. D. 2014 Winter Olympics bids E. Sochi Olympic Park.
READING
OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES IN SOCHI 1______The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXII Olympic Winter Games, is an international winter multiple sports event that will be celebrated from February 7 to February 23, 2014. The host city, Sochi, Russia, was elected on July 4, 2007, in Guatemala. 2______The International Olympic Committee Executive Board shortlisted three cities - Sochi, Russia; Salzburg, Austria; and PyeongChang, South Korea. Sochi beat out Pyeong Chang by four votes. 3______It will be built along the Black Sea coast in the Imereti Lowland. There will be Big Ice Arena - ice hockey, 12000 spectators; Small Ice Arena - ice hockey, 7000 spectators; Speed skating Centre - speed skating, 8000 spectators; Ice Palace - skating, short track speed skating, 12000 spectators; Curling Arena - curling, 3000 spectators; Olympic Stadium - 40000 spectators; Main Olympic village International broadcasting center and main press-room. 4______Greenpeace of Russia said that the Russian Government take all responsibility for any damage to the West Caucasus natural UNESCO World Heritage Site. There will be a cascade of hydroelectric power stations on the Mzymta River, sewage treatment facilities and so on. 5______According to IRN.Ru analytical agency, prices for new Sochi houses, located next to the shoreline, reach $15,000 per square meter. This could lead to decrease in tourist interest to Sochi, which already has fallen below Anapa, Gelendzhik and Adler.
9. Skim the article again and then read the statements. Decide which statements are advantages/ disadvantages of the Olympics in Sochi.
1. Sochi is the host city of the XXII Olympic Winter Games. 2. Pyeong Chang lost the chance to host the XXII Olympic Winter Games. 3. Big Ice Arena will be built in Sochi. 4. A lot of facilities will appear along the Black Sea coast.
41 5. Sochi National Park will be a part of the Olympic facilities. 6. Hydroelectric power stations will be built in Sochi. 7. Prices on building property will rise annually by 15-20%.
10. There will be some new accommodations for different kinds of sport оn Krasnaya Polyana. Try to guess the sport for each area. Match the right column with the left one.
1.Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort a) Biathlon, Cross-country skiing and 2.Psekhako Ridge Nordic combined 3.Russian National Ski-jumping b) Alpine skiing and Snowboard Centre c) Freestyle skiing 4. Russian National Sliding Centre d) Ski jumping and Nordic combined 5. Alpica Service Mountain Resort e) Bobsleigh, Luge, and Skeleton 6. Mountain Olympic Village f) Olympic Village
VOCABULARY
11. Read the text. Use the word given in capitals below the text to form a word that fits in the space in the text. There is an example at the beginning (0).
AN OLYMPIC PIONEER
Participating in sport is an excellent way to stay (0) healthy. At the end of the (1) ___ century, a man called Coubertin, who was a keen sportsman, put forward a (2) ____ to revive the Olympic Games, which had last been held 1,500 years before. People weren't at all (3) ____ about his idea at first, but at a (4) ____ which was held in Paris in 1894 his proposal was reconsidered. This time it was received with great (5) ____. Just two years later, after a great deal of (6) _____ , the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens. It was Coubertin's (7) ____ to introduce the (8) ____ distinctive five-ring symbol. In 1896, more than 60,000 people bought tickets, on (9) ____ of the modest sum of two drachmas! Anyone could be a (10) ____; in fact, some of the spectators took part. (0) HEALTH (1) NINETEEN (2) PROPOSE (3) ENTHUSIASM (4) CONFER (5) EXCITE (6) PLAN (7) DECIDE (8) HIGH (9) PAY (10) COMPETE (From: Jane Alkemano, Fast track to FCE)
42 12. Match the adjectives in the box to the sentences.
agile ambitious determined enthusiastic intelligent powerful ruthless talented
1. He will not let anything stop him from doing what he has decided to do. 2. He's always really interested in and excited by his sport. 3. I've never known anyone who wants so much to be successful. 4. She can really move very quickly and very easily. 5. She has so much natural ability. 6. She is very, very strong. 7. She thinks clearly and quickly. 8. The only thing that is important to him is success. He doesn't mind if other people suffer in the process.
13. Read the article below about a child sports star. Choose the best summary 1-3 of the article.
1. An Olympic gymnast wants her parents to get divorce. 2. An Olympic gymnast wants her parents to give her in. 3. An Olympic gymnast wants to be able to control her.
OLYMPIC GYMNAST CALLS FOR A DIVORCE
A teenage gymnast who won an Olympic gold medal for the USA wants a 'divorce' from her parents. Dominique Moceanu, seventeen, wants to be legally declared an adult to stop her parents having any control over her or her money. 'I kill myself training and going to school,' said Moceanu. 'They haven't been working since 1996. Where does their income come from? Me.' She added that the problems were more than just about money. 'I never had a childhood,' she said. 'I always had to be in the gym. I used to think, 'Don't you guys know anything besides gymnastics? Can't you be my mom and dad instead of me being your business?' (From: Philip Kerr, Straightforward, Intermediate)
14. Choose the correct definition from the box for each of phrasal verbs.
was defeated by progressed told to live
1. If a footballer gets a red card, he is sent off the pitch. 2. England went out to Germany in the semi-finals. 3. Our team won the game and so they went forward to the next round.
WRITING
15. Write an article about a well-known young sports personality.
43 UNIT 8. EXTREME SPORT
PRE-READING
1. Read the text below about people who have cheated at sport, and find out in which countries these sportswomen were born. a. Stella Walsh b. Rosie Ruiz с. Tonya Harding
2.
Read the text again carefully, then for questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think best fits according to the text.
1. According to the writer, why do sportspeople cheat? A. They can't perfect their techniques. B. They don't want to train any more. C. It's the only way to gain an advantage over fellow competitors. D. Famous athletes like Ben Johnson have cheated.
44 2. Stella Walsh represented Poland because she A. felt more Polish than American. B. couldn't become an American citizen. C. was very young when she moved to the USA. D. didn't like America.
3. How did Stella Walsh die? A. She died in a fire. B. She was shot while trying to rob a bank. C. She was accidentally shot. D. She died in her sleep.
4. Why were the race organisers suspicious when Ruiz won the marathon? A. She didn't seem hot and tired. B. She was sweating too much. C. It was such a fast time. D. She didn't take the winner's medal.
5. Who saw Ruiz during the race? A. nobody B. other runners C. the race officials D. some spectators, towards the end of the race
6. How many times did Tonya Harding win the US figure skating championships? A. none B. once C. twice D. three times
7. Nancy Kerrigan couldn't compete in the 1994 championships because A. she fell and injured her leg B. someone attacked and injured her C. she hurt her leg while practising D. she hit her leg on something
8. What happened to Harding? A. She was convicted along with her ex-husband. B. She started a criminal investigation. C. She denied all knowledge of the crime. D. She was no longer able to take part in amateur skating competitions.
READING
45 Some sportspeople are prepared to go to extraordinary lengths to win. They spend years training their bodies and perfecting their technique, only to discover that another sportsperson can perform better. And there's often nothing they can do about it - unless, that is, they cheat. Read the sports pages nowadays and you are bound sooner or later to see the words 'performance-enhancing drugs'. From the East German athletes of the seventies, to the Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson in the Seoul Olympics, to cyclists in the Tour de France - it seems that the words 'top athlete' and 'drugs' can't stay apart. However, drugs are not the weapon of choice for all sportspeople who seek to gain an edge over their opponents. Here are the stories of three athletes who have resorted to more unusual methods of cheating.
The sprinter In 1930s and 40s, Stella Walsh was one of the fastest women in the world. She was born Stanislawa Walasiewiczowna in Poland on 3rd April 1911. When she was two years old, her family emigrated to the US and settled in Cleveland, Ohio. At school and university she excelled at sprinting, but as she was unable to get American citizenship she represented Poland rather than the US at the Olympic Games. At the 1932 Games she won the gold medal in the 100 metres and four years later she won silver. Walsh continued to compete as an amateur until 1954, setting 20 world records and winning 41 Amateur Athletic Union titles in sprints, the long jump and the discus. In recognition of her achievements, she was inducted into the US Track and Field Hall of Fame in 1975. Tragically, she died five years later when she was caught in crossfire during an armed robbery in Cleveland. The autopsy surprised everyone by revealing that Walsh had the body of a man.
The marathon runner In the Boston Marathon held on 21st April 1980, 23-year-old Rosie Ruiz, a Cuban- born runner from New York, crossed the finish line in the third fastest time ever recorded by a female competitor. The surprising thing was that when she went up to collect the winner's medal, the race officials noticed that was barely sweating. The organisers of the race immediately became suspicious and started an investigation. They examined videotapes of the race and noticed that she didn't appear on them until near the end of the race. What is more, the course officials could find no evidence of Ruiz passing checkpoints on the 26- mile route, and fellow competitors could not recall her taking part in the race. Ruiz insisted that she had run the entire race, but a few spectators eventually came forward and testified they had seen her join the race about a mile or half a mile from the finish line. It is assumed that she waited in the crowd and then sprinted to the finish line before proudly accepting the winner's medal.
The skater It was a story of one woman’s unhealthy thirst for stardom. Tonya Harding had a tough childhood in an unstable family in her home town of Portland, Oregon, 46 USA. However, despite these difficulties she was by the end of the 1980s one of America's top figure skaters, and in 1989 she came close to winning the US figure skating championships. She finally achieved that goal in 1991, but she couldn't hold on to the title in the following year, and 95 her career went into a decline. In 1994, Harding was in a heated battle with Nancy Kerrigan for the title she'd won three years before. But during practice for the championships, Kerrigan was hit in the leg and injured by a mysterious assailant. She had to pull out of the competition, and Harding was victorious again. However, Harding soon found herself in the middle of a criminal investigation into the attack on Kerrigan. Her ex-husband Jeff Gillooly was convicted of the crime but at his trial he claimed that Harding had been involved, which she later admitted was true, although she was never brought before a court. Harding was subsequently stripped of her national title and banned from amateur skating.
PRE-READING
3. In recent years "extreme" sports, such as bungee jumping and skiing off cliffs, have become increasingly popular. What is your view of these kinds of activities?
4. Read the article “Going to extremes?” While reading, think of possible answers to the following questions.
•Why do most people like sports, at least a little bit? • Why do people participate in extreme sports?
READING
GOING TO EXTREMES?
A pickup truck rolls to the center of a deserted bridge. Several get out. Two of them, a thirty-something young man and a twenty-something young woman, are both wearing a strange-looking harness on their backs. The others with them check their harnesses to make sure all is well. As soon as they complete these preparations, they attach a long cord to each harness and securely fasten the cords to the bridge. When that is finished, the young man and woman climb up onto the bridge rail, wave to the crowd below, and jump. No, this is not a suicide attempt. The elastic cords attached to their backs are so strong and flexible that the young people will be able to drop close to the canyon floor below without hitting it. This is bungee jumping, one of a new set of sports that are being described as "extreme." Why do people participate in extreme sports? Mark Musgrave, an "extreme" sportsman who windsurfs all year around, says people do it because it's a question of attitude, not the activity per se. "These sports are so hard," says Musgrave, "they don't attract the masses; I think that's one of the appealing things about it. You can excel in it if you put your mind to it. There are not a
47 thousand people out there crowding you or doing what you're doing." He adds, "There is no right. There is no wrong. There are no rules. You can do what you want and no one cares." So what are some of these new extreme sports? Musgrave's own sport of windsurfing is one, though windsurfing on a quiet summer day at a speed of 2 miles an hour hardly qualifies. If you want to become extreme, you'll have to travel much faster, above the water, with a much more powerful wind blowing while you're trying to do a forward flip. Then there's mountain biking, although riding your mountain bike down a gentle slope at a leisurely speed doesn't make you an extreme biker. What does is piloting that bike down a steep, rocky mountain path at a speed of at least 35 miles per hour. You can also call yourself extreme sports enthusiasts if you ski off cliffs, jump out of a plane and sky surf, or go in-line skating. By now, someone somewhere is probably mounting a campaign to make extreme sports safer to save extreme sports enthusiasts from themselves. Are these sports too dangerous? Perhaps. Even if they are, isn't a personal choice involved here? It occurs to this writer that the development of extreme sports is understandable, even quite predictable. We live in such a globalized, homogenized world today that a counterrevolution seems to have started. Wherever we go, we see sameness: a McDonald's in Moscow is only marginally different from one in Paris or in Pensacola, Florida. There seem to be far fewer singular, individualized experiences today than there were in the past. Maybe extreme-sport people are merely striking a blow for truly individualized and unique experiences.
VOCABULARY
5. Fill in the correct word.
• competitive • accurate • co-operative • daring • graceful • careful • determined • courageous
1. A footballer needs to be ______to play as part of a team. 2. A person needs to be ______to try sky surfing because it is quite a dangerous sport. 3. An archer needs to be ______to hit the centre of the target. 4. A long distance runner needs to be ______to finish the race because they get very tired. 5. A racing driver needs to be very ______because he has to drive very fast and take a lot of risks. 6. You need to be ______when you are rock climbing because you could fall and seriously injure yourself. 7. A successful sports person has to be ______and do their best to beat other athletes. 8. An ice-skater needs to be ______so that they can glide across the ice with style and ease.
48 6. Match the columns and then make up sentences.
Sports Place Equipment football table gloves, boots archery range ball badminton ring bow, arrows snooker course racquet, shuttlecock boxing court clubs golf pitch cue, balls
We do archery on a range, using a bow and arrows.
7. What do we call the people who take part in the sports in the table above?
archery - archer football - footballer
8. Complete the sentences with the words from exercise 6 and 7. Which sport does each of these sentences describe? Which words tell you this?
1. The cheers from the crowd were deafening a the ______ran onto the pitch. 2. I've always loved ______, so my parents gave me a cue for my fifteenth birthday. 3. He got a hole in one on the 17th hole оf the ______. 4. Janet took aim at the centre of the target, pulled back the string of her ______and fired. 5. At the end of each round, each ______has to return to his corner of the ring.
9. Read the text and decide which answer, A, В, С or D best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning.
The Paralympics
The Paralympics is the largest sporting event 0) for disabled athletes in the world. Athletes from six disability groups take 1) _____during the eleven days of competition. However, both the 2) _____ and the athletes stress that the sporting performance is what's important, 3) _____ than the participant's disabilities. The Paralympics have 4) _____ a long way since 1948, when a sports competition was first 5) _____ in England for World War II veterans with spinal 6) _____. Competitors from Holland joined a few years 7) _____, and in Rome in 1960 the 8) _____ official, Olympic-style Paralympics was first organised. The Paralympics include 9) _____ Summer and Winter Games and now take place 10) _____ the Olympics at the same venue in the same year. Events such as wheelchair rugby are very 11) _____ with spectators and require great skill. Another favourite is three-track skiing. Here disabled competitors ski on one leg while 12) _____ themselves on two crutches which also have small skis attached to them. In 13) _____ years the Paralympics have grown dramatically, both in popularity and
49 in the 14) _____ of athletes taking part. This growth will 15) _____ in the future as more and more countries send representatives to the Games.
0 A. of B. with C. for D. about 1. A. part B. place C. action D. play 2. A. organisers B. presenters C. directors D. coordinators 3. A. more B. other C. rather D. instead 4. A. been B. gone C. done D. come 5. A. done B. fixed C. arranged D. agreed 6. A. illnesses B. injuries C. problems D. wounds 7. A. after B. later C. then D. previously 8. A. most B. many C. more D. much 9. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 10. A. nearby B. between C. together D. alongside 11. A. precious B. popular C. worth D. famous 12. A. putting B. leaning C. holding D. supporting 13. A. last B. recent C. late D. modern 14. A. addition B. group C. number D. amount 15. A. keen B. continue C. stay D. expand
10. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If the line is correct, put a tick (√). If it has an extra word, write this word on the line, as in the examples.
You expect excitement at a football match, so 0 √ when I first arrived at the stadium everything seemed to 00 to normal and under control. The fans beside to me 1 were wearing in their team's colours and chanting 2 football anthems. The atmosphere was a bit tense, 3 but that was because of the two teams playing were 4 being great rivals. As the match went on, though, 5 the crowd became the more and more bad tempered. 6 The trouble really started when the referee made a 7 decision that many of us disagreed with it. Before 8 I knew what was happening, supporters from the 9 opposing teams had been run onto the pitch and 10 were 50 attacking each the other. All around me people 11 started panicking and pushing at frantically to escape. I felt 12 like I was going to get crushed UP and I could hear 13 some of people screaming and crying. It was a 14 such terrifying experience that I will never forget. 15
11. Match the idioms to the sports in the pictures. What do you think each idiom means?
1. to be thrown in at the deep end swimming 2. to be on the ropes ...... 3. to throw in the towel 4. to hit (somebody) below the belt 5. to move the goalposts ...... 6. to box somebody into a corner 7. to be out of one's depth 8. to be on the ball
12. Use the correct idiom from exercise 11 to complete each of these sentences.
1. We're never going to get this finished on time. We might just as well ______now. 2. Jack always manages to avoid answering any questions. I will have to ____. 3. It seems like every time we think we've finished, they ______and we have to make more changes. 4. She was really ______when she said those nasty things about him. 5. The company is _____. They will be closing down any day now. 6. We weren't given any training. We were just _____and expected to get on with it. 7. She doesn't like all the extra responsibility that comes with her new job. I think she feels a bit _____. 8. The company is really ______. They keep up with the latest market changes, so they stay ahead of their competitors.
WRITING
13. Explain the quotations below. Choose one quotation and write a composition.
1. A man sits as many risks as he runs. (Henry David Thoreau, US poet) 2. Always do what you are afraid to do. (Ralph Waldo Emerson, US philosopher) 3. Everything is sweetened by risk. (Alexander Smith, Scottish poet)
51 Word list A H Achieve - достигать, добиваться Head - голова Assign - назначать, определять на Hand - рука должность I Attract - привлекать Ice hockey - хоккей на льду Aerial - воздушный, парящий Improve - улучшать, исправлять Chin - подтягиваться на руках J Arm - рука Judo - дзюдо Alpineskiing - горные лыжи K Athletics - занятия спортом, Kick - удар ногой, пинок атлетика Karate - do карате-до Arrange - приводить в порядок, Knee - колено классифицировать L Awards - присуждение, стипендия, Lean - поджарый, тощий награда Lacrosse - лакросс B M Baseball cap - бейсбольная кепка Mountaineering - совершать восхождение Breathtaking - поразительный, на горы захватывающий N Bend - высотная болезнь Nod - кивнуть головой, задремать Boxing - бокс Neck - шея Basketball - баскетбол O Biathlon - биатлон Outdoors - на открытом воздухе C P Canoeing - гребля, гонки на каноэ Play - участвовать в игре Click - иметь успех Perform - играть, делать трюки Course - курс Performance - выступление, Court - площадка для игр, корт представление Coach - тренер, инструктор Parachuting - парашютный спорт Clap - хлопать, аплодировать Pitch - поле Chess - шахматы Prize-winner - лауреат премии Contest - состязание, соревнование R Championship - первенство, Ring - ринг чемпионат Rock-climbing - скалолазание Competition - соревнование, конкурс Rink - каток Circle - круг для метания Referee - рефери, судья D S Drive away - разгонять, уезжать Synchronised swimming - синхронное E плавание Elbow - локоть Shoulder - плечо Equip - снарядить, экипировать Skip - прыжок, скачок F Skim - легкое скольжение Feet - ноги Swimming - плавание Forehead - лоб Stadium - стадион Foot - нога Step - степ Fingers - пальцы Sport orienteering - спортивное Figure skating - фигурное катание ориентирование Flexible - подвижный, гибкий Sport dances - спортивные танцы Football - футбол Sambo - самбо G Score - счет, очко Go - идти 52 T V Tongue - язык Volleyball - волейбол Technique - методика, прием W Trajectory - траектория Wrist - запястье Trainer - инструктор, тренер Waist - талия Tournament - турнир Wind-surfing - виндсерфинг Waterskiing - катание на водных лыжах Waistcoat - жилет Water polo - водное поло Weightlifting - тяжелая атлетика
table tenni
53 References
1. Alan Stanton, Mary Stephens. Fast Track to FCE. - Longman, Pearson Education Limited. - 2001. 2. Diana L. Fried-Booth, First certificate. Practice Tests. - Longman. - 2002. 3. Danuta Gryca, Russel Whitehead. Exam Excellence. - Oxford University Press. - 2006. 4. Evans V., Dooley J. Enterprise 4. Intermediate. Workbook. - Express Publishing. - 1997. 5. Evans V., Dooley J. Enterprise 4. Intermediate. Teacher’s Book. - Express Publishing. - 1997 6. Evans V., Dooley J. FCE Mission 1. Course Book/Teacher’s book. - Express Publishing. - 2001. 7. Evans V., Dooley J. FCE Mission 2. Course Book/Teacher’s book. - Express Publishing. - 2001. 8. Evans Virginia, Edwards L. Upstream. Advanced. Course book. - Express Publishing. - 2003. 9. Fast track to FCE. - Longman. - 2001. 10. Fried-Booth D. Focus on PET: Preliminary English Test. - Longman. - 1996. 11. Fried-Booth D. Focus on PET: Preliminary English Test. Teacher’s Book. - Longman. - 1996. 12. Harris M., Mower D., Sikorzynska A. Opportunities. Intermediate. Student’s Book. - Longman. - 2000. 13. Harris M., Mower D., Sikorzynska A. Opportunities. Intermediate. Language Powerbook.- Longman.-2000. 14. Harris M., Mower D., Sikorzynska A. Opportunities. Intermediate. Student’s Book. - Longman. - 2000. 15. Kathy Gude, Mary Stephens. CAE Result. Advanced. - Oxford Academ. - 2007. 16. Kenny Nick. First Certificate in English. Passkey Student's Book. - Macmillan. - 1996. 17. Paul A. Davies, Tim Falla. FCE Result. Upper-Intermediate. - Oxford Academ. - 2007. 18. Philip Kerr. Straightforward. Intermediate. - Macmillian. - 2007. 19. Sally Burgess, Judith Wilson, Jacky Newbrook. FCE Gold Plus Maximiser (Gold). - Pearson Longman, ELT. - 2008. 20. Topics for English sports in our life / http://topics.nm.ru/new 21. Sport Stars / http://topics.nm.ru/new_page_1.htm 22. www. onestopenglish.com 23. http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/index.htm 24. www.britishcounsil.com 25. Lesson writer / http://lessonwriter.com/default.aspx
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Contents
Unit 1. THE FACULTY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ……... 6 Unit 2. WHAT IS WRESTLING? ……………………………... 11 Unit 3. FITNESS, DANCING & AEROBICS ………………… 16 Unit 4. TENNIS ………………………………………………… 21 Unit 5. FOOTBALL …………………………………………….. 26 Unit 6. CHESS: sport or hobby? ……………………………... 33 Unit 7. OLYMPIC GAMES ……………………………………. 38 Unit 8. EXTREME SPORTS ………………………………….. 45 Word list …………………………………………………………. 53 References ……………………………………………………… 55
55 Учебное издание
НЕТЕСОВА Мария Витальевна ЛЕКСИНА Евгения Анатольевна
СПОРТ ДЛЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛОВ
Учебное пособие
Научный редактор кандидат исторических наук, В.В. Верхотурова доцент
Верстка А.А. Дерюгина
Дизайн обложки: Т.А. Фатеева
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. 634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30.
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