DOCSLIB.ORG

Polemoniaceae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Polemoniaceae Varied-leaf COLLOMIA annual • 2–12" Polemoniaceae ~ Phlox Family open woods, meadows, roadsides Collòmia heterophýlla The phlox family is composed of annuals and perennials whose radially symmetric flowers have a middle: June 5-lobed calyx and corolla, 5 stamens attached to the corolla, and a 3-parted style that develops As the name indicates, varied-leaf collomia has leaves that vary from entire . While some of our species are quite showy, many are so-called “belly plants”—tiny into a capsule or nearly so at the tips of the stems, to deeply pinnately lobed toward the easy-to-miss annuals. The are attractive to many pollinators. There has been much tubular flowers base of the plant. Both leaves and stems are covered with soft white hairs confusion about the classification of species within this family and many of the species have been that can feel quite slimy. Clusters of sessile, narrow-tubed, pink-lobed flowers moved between various genera several times. are nestled among the upper leaves. This small annual is common at low to middle elevations west of the Cascade LARge-flOWERED COLLOMIA annual • 4–36" (10–90 cm) crest from Vancouver Island to California and also occurs in Idaho. Tire and dry meadows Collòmia grandiflòra Heckletooth mountains, Illahee Rock, Mt. June and Abbott Butte are a few plac- middle: July es where it can be seen. Peach is an uncommon color for a flower and makes this pretty annual distinctive, although it can be paler, almost to white. The long tubu- lar flowers are sessile and sit in tight clusters subtended by leafy bracts. The inflores- cence is sticky with glandular hairs and there are hairs on the stem as well. Blue pollen is revealed when the white anthers mature. The entire leaves are linear to lance-shaped and have no petioles. Collomia is the greek word for glue, referring to the way the seeds become mucilaginous when wet, a common trait in many members of the phlox family. Large-flowered collomia is found at low to middle elevations across Oregon and from British Columbia south to California and east to the Rockies. It is more common in the southern part of our area and may be seen at Hershberger Mountain, Abbott Butte, Hemlock Lake, Moon Point, and Youngs Rock. YELLOW-STAINING COLLOMIA annual • 2–6" open ground, rocky meadows Collòmia tinctòria middle: late June to July NARROW-leaf COLLOMIA annual • 4–24" (10–60 cm) meadows Collòmia lineàris Like its larger relatives, linear leafy middle: July bracts subtend the small flower clus- ters of yellow-staining collomia. The Another annual, narrow-leaf collomia resem- pink flowers have very narrow, dark bles a pink version of large-flowered collomia. red tubes and a short calyx. The sta- It is smaller however, and its little tubular flow- mens have blue pollen and are inserted ers give rise to another common name, tiny near the top of the throat, but only a trumpet. If there is enough moisture plants may couple are exserted. Glandular hairs become tall and branched but generally are cover the stems, leaves, and calyx. short and single-stemmed. Like most collomias, This tiny dry climate annual is found the stamens are inserted at varying depths at low to moderate elevations from and several remain entirely within the corol- Washington to California and east la tube. The pollen is white. into Montana and Utah. More often While narrow-leaf collomia’s wide distribu- seen in southern and eastern Oregon, tion reaches from British Columbia to California it is found in the southern part of our and east to Ontario and New Mexico, it is more area including Abbott Butte, Fairview common in the drier climates south and east of Peak, Twin Lakes, Reynolds Ridge, and our area. Look for it at Buck Canyon, Bachelor Hershberger, Groundhog, Lookout, and Mountain, Echo Basin, and Iron Mountain. Rattlesnake mountains. 186 • Polemoniaceae Phlox Family • 187 SPREADING PHLOX ANNUAL PHLOX Phlóx diffùsa Micrósteris (Phlox) grácilis perennial • 2–6" (5–15 cm) annual • 2–12" (5–30 cm) dry and rocky meadows, outcrops open ground, rocky meadows early: mid-June to early July early: May to July In a good year, spreading phlox’s dense cush- The notched lobes of its tiny flowers set annual phlox ions of shiny, needle-like leaves can disappear apart from similar species. While usually pink in most of under a blanket of pinwheel-shaped blossoms. its range (and often called pink microsteris), it is more The fragrant flowers are usually pale pink, but commonly white in our area. Its linear to lance-shaped on different plants vary from white to lavender leaves are covered with fine glandular hairs. Large to deep pink. On a warm day where they grow plants can be well branched. profusely, their sweet scent fills the air. While Annual phlox is found throughout Oregon and there are similar species of phlox to the east, much of the West. It is very common and likely to be this is the only cushion-forming one in our area. seen on most any trail in the Western Cascades. Plants can spread up to 2' (60 cm) wide. Spreading phlox is found at mid to high ele- vations in Oregon and throughout the western TRUE BABY STARS US. It is fairly common in the Western Cascades. Leptosìphon (Linanthus) bìcolor Horsepasture, Crescent and Hershberger moun- tains are all fabulous places to enjoy this beauty. annual • 1–6" (5–15 cm) Castle Rock, Table Rock and Tidbits, Patterson, dry meadows, open ground Heckletooth, and Tire mountains also have siz- middle: May to June able populations. Also known as bicolored flaxflower, this species' tiny flowers have bright pink to white, rounded lobes with a yellow throat and a circle of white at the mouth WooDLAND PHLOX perennial • 2–6" (5–15 cm) open woods, shady roadside of the exceptionally long, narrow tube. They sit stalk- Phlóx adsúrgens less in a cluster of leaf-like bracts, usually blooming only early: mid-June to early July 1 or 2 at a time. The unusual stem leaves are palmately Woodland phlox is a beautiful peren- dissected into 3-7 sharply pointed, narrow segments nial with shiny green, opposite, ovate and occur in opposite sessile pairs. leaves on long trailing stems. The True baby stars occurs from California to Washington flowers are tubular with 5 (usually) at low to middle elevations. Look for it at Tire and Big widely spreading rounded lobes that, Squaw mountains, Abbott Butte, and Youngs Rock. as with other phloxes, are twisted in bud. The flowers are quite variable, and it is fun to look for all the unusual flower HARKNESS’ FLAXFLOWER shapes and shades of pink. A horticul- Leptosìphon (Linanthus) harknéssii tural variety ‘Wagon Wheel’ has very narrow lobes, while others are almost annual • 2–10" (5–25 cm) round. Its stems can root where they open ground, rocky meadows touch the ground, making it very easy to middle: late June to July grow from cuttings. If the slugs don’t get The paired sessile leaves of this airy annual are deeply it, it makes a wonderful garden plant. palmately dissected into 3–7 very narrow segments, Woodland phlox grows at low to giving the impression of a whorl of needle-like leaves. Tiny, middle elevations over a limited range solitary, funnel-shaped, white flowers reach out past the from Marion County south into north- leaves on red, thread-like pedicels. western California. Much of the trail to Harkness’ flaxflower occurs from Washington to Tidbits is lined with its pink flowers in California, east to Idaho and Utah. Mainly found in eastern July. Other terrific places to see it are at Oregon, it spills into the Western Cascades occasionally. Lowder Mountain, Twin Lakes, Hemlock You may find it at Twin Lakes, Lowder Mountain, Cone Lake, Castle Rock, and along the road to Peak, and throughout the Rogue-Umpqua Divide. Patterson Mountain. 188 • Polemoniaceae Phlox Family • 189 MOUNTAIN NAVARRETIA BLUEFIELD GILIA Navarrètia divaricàta Gília capitàta annual • 1–4" annual • 6–36" (15–75 cm) dry open ground, rocky meadows open slopes, outcrops middle: late June to July mid to late: June to July A true “belly plant”, it is very difficult to see the Also known as blue-headed gilia, It tiny pink buds and white to pale pink flowers would be hard to mistake its almost spheri- without getting most of the way down onto cal blue heads for any other wildflower in our the open dirt that mountain navarretia typi- area. The exserted stamens add to the fuzzy cally inhabits. The calices and the tufts of appearance of the inflorescence. Its numerous, spiky, palmately lobed bracts that hold the clustered tubular flowers make it a favorite flowers are conspicuously hairy and glandu- nectar plant of butterflies. As an annual, it is lar; the actual leaves are linear or pinnate and dependent on moisture; after a wet spring its barely noticeable. cheery blue pompoms can cover large swaths Mountain navarretia ranges from British of sloping meadows. Its height also varies greatly Columbia to California, and with soil conditions. The once or twice pinnate- east to Montana and Nevada. ly divided leaves are arranged alternately on the It can be seen occasionally in stem as well as clustered in a basal rosette. the Western Cascades, espe- Bluefield gilia grows at low to mid eleva- cially in the bare ground of a tions from Baja California to British Columbia trail, and grows at Abbott Butte, and Idaho and New Mexico. It is common in the Lowder Mountain, Fish Creek, Western Cascades, putting on a marvelous show Grasshopper Meadows, Youngs at Lookout, Tire, and Big Squaw mountains, Mt.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evolutionary Ecology of Pollination and Reproduction of Tropical Plants
    TROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT - Vol. V - Evolutionary Ecology af Pollination and Reproduction of Tropical Plants - M. Quesada, F. Rosas, Y. Herrerias-Diego, R. Aguliar, J.A. Lobo and G. Sanchez-Montoya EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF POLLINATION AND REPRODUCTION OF TROPICAL PLANTS M. Quesada and F. Rosas Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México. Y. Herrerias-Diego Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Michoacán, México. R. Aguilar IMBIV - UNC - CONICET, C.C. 495,(5000) Córdoba, Argentina J.A. Lobo Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica G. Sanchez-Montoya Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México. Keywords: Pollination, tropical plants, diversity, mating systems, gender, conservation. Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. The Life Cycle of Angiosperms 1.2. Overview of Angiosperm Diversity 2. Degree of specificity of pollination system 3. Diversity of pollination systems 3.1. Beetle Pollination (Cantharophily) 3.2. Lepidoptera 3.2.1. Butterfly Pollination (Psychophily) 3.2.2. Moth Pollination (Phalaenophily) 3.3. Hymenoptera 3.3.1. Bee PollinationUNESCO (Melittophily) – EOLSS 3.3.2. Wasps 3.4. Fly Pollination (Myophily and Sapromyophily) 3.5. Bird Pollination (Ornitophily) 3.6. Bat PollinationSAMPLE (Chiropterophily) CHAPTERS 3.7. Pollination by No-Flying Mammals 3.8. Wind Pollination (Anemophily) 3.9. Water Pollination (Hydrophily) 4. Reproductive systems of angiosperms 4.1. Strategies that Reduce Selfing and/or Promote Cross-Pollination. 4.2. Self Incompatibility Systems 4.2.1. Incidence of Self Incompatibility in Tropical Forest 4.3. The Evolution of Separated Sexes from Hermaphroditism 4.3.1. From Distyly to Dioecy ©Encyclopedia Of. Life Support Systems (EOLSS) TROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT - Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • State of New York City's Plants 2018
    STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species.
    [Show full text]
  • Jacob's-Ladder
    Jacob’s-ladder (Polemonium vanbruntiae) Phlox Family (Polemoniaceae) Pennsylvania Endangered Plant Species State Rank: S1 (critically imperiled) Global Rank: G3 (vulnerable) SIGNIFICANCE The Jacob’s-ladder has been given a status of Endangered on the Plants of Special Concern in Pennsylvania list by the Pennsylvania Biological Survey and the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, based on the relatively few populations that have been documented in the state. It is considered a globally rare species by the Natural Heritage Program. DESCRIPTION The Jacob’s-ladder is a perennial herb to three feet in height. The leaves are alternately arranged and divided into numerous leaflets with entire margins. The individual flowers, appearing in late June and early July, have blue petals and protruding stamens and style. The fruit is a many-seeded capsule. A more common and widespread species, Polemonium reptans, is similar but is smaller in size, has the stamens and style not protruding from the flower, has more of a woodland habitat, and blooms in spring. North American State/Province Conservation Status Map by NatureServe (August 2007) State/Province Status Ranks SX – presumed extirpated SH – possibly extirpated S1 – critically imperiled S2 – imperiled S3 – vulnerable S4 – apparently secure S5 – secure Not ranked/under review HABITAT The species grows in wet soil in woods, thickets and openings. RANGE The Jacob’s-ladder is found in northeastern North America from southern Canada to West Virginia. It is known historically from several widely scattered occurrences in Pennsylvania, although all of the currently known populations are in the northeastern part of the state. REFERENCES .
    [Show full text]
  • Leptosiphon Bolanderi (A
    Leptosiphon bolanderi (A. Gray) J.M. Porter & L.A. Johnson synonym: Linanthus bakeri H. Mason, Linanthus bolanderi (A. Gray) Greene Baker's linanthus Polemoniaceae - phlox family status: State Sensitive, BLM sensitive, USFS sensitive rank: G4G5 / S2 General Description: Slender annual up to 25 cm tall. Inconspicuously hairy; glandular on the pedicels and sometimes beneath the nodes. Leaves opposite, sessile, less than 1 cm long, palmately cleft, with 3-7 linear segments. Floral Characteristics: Flower pedicels slender, elongate, with stalked glands. C alyx 3.5-5 mm long, sepals fused into a tube, the tube longer than the teeth; herbaceous ribs somewhat 3-nerved, wider than the connecting membranous portions. C orolla white to pink or violet, sometimes bicolored; petals fused into a slender tube distinctly protruding from the calyx, with an internal ring of hairs near or below the middle. C orolla lobes 5, usually about half as long as the tube. Stamens Illustration by Jeanne R. Janish, 5; filaments only 1-2 times as long as the anthers, attached to the ©1959 University of Washington Press corolla at or just below the recess between the lobes. Flowers A pril to M ay. Fruits: Multichambered capsules with several seeds per compartment. Identif ication Tips: Leptos iphon s eptentrionalis * and L. liniflorus * are distinguished by their corolla lobes, which are about equal to or more often distinctly longer than the corolla tube, and their filaments, which are several times as long as the anthers. Leptos iphon harknes s ii* is distinguished by its shorter corolla (1.5-2.5 mm long, less than 1.5 times as long as the calyx).
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers in the Polemoniaceae Representatives Of
    1937 171 Chromosome Numbers in the Polemoniaceae By Walter S. Flory Division of Horticulture, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station This family is divided by systematists into two subfamilies. Cobaeoideae is composed of the genera Cantua, Huthia, and Cobaea which are tall shrubs, trees, or vines. The approximately fourteen other (herbaceous or low shrubby) genera comprise the subfamily Polemonioideae. From the standpoint of number of included species the most important of these latter genera are Gilia, Phlox, Polemo nium, and Collomia. The genera Phlox and Polemonium are each quite distinct and their species are seldom confused with those of other genera, but the remaining twelve genera of this subfamily apparently do not have taxonomic boundaries of equivalent distinctness. Certain species have been placed in one genus by one author, and in one or more different genera by others. The genus Gilia has been ex tended by some writers to include practically all species of the Polemonioideae outside of the genera Phlox and Polemonium. This was first pointed out to me by Professor Edgar T. Wherry who is making a taxonomic and geographic study of the Polemoniaceae, and was increasingly emphasized as literature sources and herbarium specimens were consulted and examined. It has been the purpose of the work herein presented to secure data on all obtainable polemoniaceous species with respect to chro mosome numbers, size, and general morphology. Especial attention has been given to securing information of significance from a taxono mic standpoint. Since several factors combine to make the immedi ate completion of the original program impossible it seems desirable, meanwhile, to present the accumulated data, together with suggested conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Navarretia Tagetina Greene Marigold Navarretia Polemoniaceae - Phlox Family Status: State Threatened, BLM Sensitive, USFS Sensitive Rank: G5 / S1
    Navarretia tagetina Greene marigold navarretia Polemoniaceae - phlox family status: State Threatened, BLM sensitive, USFS sensitive rank: G5 / S1 General Description: Prickly annual herb, up to 2.5 dm tall; stems unbranched or branched, minutely hairy below, with soft, longer hairs among the flower clusters. Leaves mostly alternate, up to 3 cm long, firm, pinnately to bipinnately dissected into narrow, spine-tipped segments, with the terminal segments generally elongate. Floral Characteristics: Flowers in dense clusters terminating the main stem and branches; subtended by prickly, pinnately dissected bracts. C alyx 7-8 mm, fused into a tube, membranous between the ribs, hairy; lobes very strongly unequal, the larger ones toothed and spiny. C orolla light blue to pale lavender or white, tubular, 8-11 mm long, with 5 spreading lobes 2-2.5 mm long. Petal vein splits into 3 well down inside the corolla tube, so that 3 veins enter each corolla lobe. Stigmas 3. Stamens 5, attached to upper throat of corolla; filaments much longer than the anthers, 1.5-2 mm. Blooms May to June. Illustration by John H. Rumely, Fruits: Translucent capsules, adhering to seeds until wet. Seeds ©1955 University of Washington Press mucilaginous when wet. Identif ication Tips: Distinguished from other species of Navarretia by the following characters: petal veins 3 below the middle of the corolla tube, corolla color and size, stigmas 3, filaments much longer than the anthers, terminal segments of the leaves elongate, and bracts below inflorescences distinctly pinnately lobed rather than palmately lobed. Range: WA south to CA. Habitat/Ecology: O pen rocky places, scablands, vernal pools, grasslands and stony washes; with standing water or saturated soil in early spring, becoming completely dry in summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Polemoniaceae) James Henrickson California State University, Los Angeles
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 11 | Issue 4 Article 14 1987 New Species, Combinations, and Notes in Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae) James Henrickson California State University, Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Henrickson, James (1987) "New Species, Combinations, and Notes in Ipomopsis (Polemoniaceae)," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 11: Iss. 4, Article 14. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol11/iss4/14 ALISO 11(4), 1987, pp. 589-598 NEW SPECIES, COMBINA nONS, AND NOTES IN IPOMOPSIS (POLEMONIACEAE) JAMES HENRICKSON Department of Biology California State University Los Angeles, California 90032 ABSTRACT Ipomopsis wendtii and Ipomopsis aggregata subsp. carmenensis are described as new from the Sierra del Jardin and Sierra del Carmen in northern Coahuila, Mexico, Ipomopsis pringlei is recognized as specifically distinct from Ipomopsis macombii. Gilia calothrysa is considered synonymous with 1. macombii. and Ipomopsis effusa is reported as new to the floras of California and the United States. Key words: Polemoniaceae, Ipomopsis. Gilia. plant systematics. INTRODUCTION Studies of Polemoniaceae for the Chihuahuan Desert Region Flora have re­ vealed two new taxa of Ipomopsis from northern Coahuila that are described herein. In addition, Ipomopsis pringlei from the Sierra Madre Occidental of north­ em Mexico, is distinguished from the more northern l. macombii, and an anom­ alous new record for the genus is reported for California. TAXONOMY Ipomopsis wendtii Henrickson sp. nov. Fig. la-e Herbae erectae 2-4 dm altae; pilis erectis crispatis saepe glandularibus 0.2-1.2 mm longis.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora of South Australia 5Th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann
    Flora of South Australia 5th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann KEY TO FAMILIES1 J.P. Jessop2 The sequence of families used in this Flora follows closely the one adopted by the Australian Plant Census (www.anbg.gov. au/chah/apc), which in turn is based on that of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III 2009) and Mabberley’s Plant Book (Mabberley 2008). It differs from previous editions of the Flora, which were mainly based on the classification system of Engler & Gilg (1919). A list of all families recognised in this Flora is printed in the inside cover pages with families already published highlighted in bold. The up-take of this new system by the State Herbarium of South Australia is still in progress and the S.A. Census database (www.flora.sa.gov.au/census.shtml) still uses the old classification of families. The Australian Plant Census web-site presents comparison tables of the old and new systems on family and genus level. A good overview of all families can be found in Heywood et al. (2007) and Stevens (2001–), although these authors accept a slightly different family classification. A number of names with which people using this key may be familiar but are not employed in the system used in this work have been included for convenience and are enclosed on quotation marks. 1. Plants reproducing by spores and not producing flowers (“Ferns and lycopods”) 2. Aerial shoots either dichotomously branched, with scale leaves and 3-lobed sporophores or plants with fronds consisting of a simple or divided sterile blade and a simple or branched spikelike sporophore ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Typifications of Linanthus Parviflorus Var. Croceus Milliken and Linanthus Croceus Eastw
    Strother, J.L. and K.R. Kersh. 2016. Typifications of Linanthus parviflorus var. croceus Milliken and Linanthus croceus Eastw. Phytoneuron 2016-21: 1–2. Published 3 March 2016. ISSN 2153 733X TYPIFICATIONS OF LINANTHUS PARVIFLORUS VAR. CROCEUS MILLIKEN AND LINANTHUS CROCEUS EASTW. (POLEMONIACEAE) JOHN L. STROTHER and KIM R. KERSH University and Jepson Herbaria 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building - 2465 Berkeley, California 94720-2465 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Type collections of Linanthus parviflorus var. croceus Milliken and Linanthus croceus Eastw. have been interpreted as coming from a single gathering by Alice Eastwood. We postulate two Eastwood gatherings are involved: the first dated 9 May 1901, and the second dated 19 May 1901. So far as we know, a single specimen from the 9 May gathering exists; it is in CAS; we consider it to be the holotype of Linanthus croceus Eastw. So far as we know, no specimen of the 19 May gathering that was originally in CAS is in CAS now; duplicates of the 19 May gathering constitute a pool of specimens from which we designate a lectotype of Linanthus parviflorus var. croceus Milliken. Leptosiphon croceus (Eastw.) Strother & Kersh, comb. nov. , fills a void that resulted from “Leptosiphon croceus (Eastw.) J.M. Porter & L.A. Johnson” having not been validly published. In protologue for Linanthus parviflorus (Benth.) Greene var. croceus Milliken, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 2:59. 10 May 1904, Milliken wrote, “Local, limited to about ten acres near the stage road from Colma to Blenheim, San Mateo Co., Alice Eastwood, May 19, 1901. It is labeled by Miss Eastwood in the California Academy of Sciences as a var.
    [Show full text]
  • Lianas and Climbing Plants of the Neotropics: Polemoniaceae
    GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS POLEMONIACEAE By Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez (Jun 2020) Largely an extra-tropical family of herbs, shrubs or lianas, with 27 genera and about 350 species. Although the two largest genera are distributed across North America and temperate Asia, most genera are endemic to the New World, with highest diversity in North America-Mexico, with few genera extending to South America. Cobaea Cavanilles with 17 species is the only genus of climbers in the family and is distributed from Mexico to Bolivia through the mid- to high-elevation habitats of Central and South America. Diagnostics: Lianas and vines with compound, alternate leaves with distal leaflets modified into bifid tendrils; corollas funnel- Cobaea scandens, photo by P. Acevedo shaped or campanulate, greenish, purplish or yellow; stem cross sections simple, with large vessels and inconspicuous rays. Sometimes confused with Bignoniaceae due to the gamopetalous corolla, but easily distinguished by the alternate leaves and trilocular ovaries. General Characters 1. STEMS. Herbaceous to woody with moderate secondary growth, cylindrical (fig. 1a), up to 25 m in length and 1-2(3) cm in diam.; cross sections simple, with regular vascular anatomy, rather indistinctive, with numerous large vessels more or less radially disposed, inconspicuous medulla and inconspicuous rays (fig. 1a); bark smooth, greenish to beige. 2. EXUDATES. Watery or no visible exudates. 3. CLIMBING MECHANISMS. Distal leaflets modified into bifurcate tendrils. 4. LEAVES. Alternate, pari-pinnately compound, with 3-5 pairs of leaflets and distal portion (rachis and often more than one leaflet) modified into bifid tendrils (fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Cramvernal Pool Endemics-Final.Pdf
    Vernal Pool Systems and Individual Vernal Pools Version 6.1 APPENDIX 1 Vernal Pool Endemic Plant List Use this list to determine if a species is a vernal pool endemic Bsed on Appendix C from: T. Keeler-Wolf, D.R. Elam, K. Lewis, S.A. Flint. 1998. California Vernal Pool Assessment Preliminary Report. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game. 161 pp. www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/wetlands/pdfs/VernalPoolAssessmentPreliminaryReport.pdf May 2013 ! CRAM%Vernal%Pool%Endemic%Plants%List May%2013 Scientific%Name Family Genus Species infraspecific_rank %infraspecific_epithet Agrostis(elliottiana POACEAE Agrostis elliottiana Agrostis(hendersonii POACEAE Agrostis hendersonii Agrostis(microphylla POACEAE Agrostis microphylla Alopecurus(carolinianus POACEAE Alopecurus carolinianus Alopecurus(saccatus POACEAE Alopecurus saccatus Anagallis(minima MYRSINACEAE Anagallis minima Astragalus(tener(var.(ferrisiae FABACEAE Astragalus tener var. ferrisiae Astragalus(tener(var.(tener FABACEAE Astragalus tener var. tener Atriplex(cordulata CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex cordulata Atriplex(cordulata(var.(cordulata CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex cordulata var. cordulata Atriplex(cordulata(var.(erecticaulis CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex cordulata var. erecticaulis Atriplex(depressa CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex depressa Atriplex(minuscula CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex minuscula Atriplex(parishii CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex parishii Atriplex(persistens CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex persistens Atriplex(subtilis CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex subtilis Blennosperma(bakeri ASTERACEAE Blennosperma
    [Show full text]
  • Leptosiphon and Flower Color: Investigating Color Acquisition in Polemoniaceae Using Phylogenetics Margarita Hernandez A,B, Jacob B
    Leptosiphon and flower color: investigating color acquisition in Polemoniaceae using phylogenetics Margarita Hernandez a,b, Jacob B. Landis a,c, Douglas E. Soltis a,c, Pamela S. Soltis a a Florida Museum of Natural History, b College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, c Department of Biology, University of Florida Transitions in flower color are asymmetric over evolutionary time, with some transitions more favorable than others. Several selective pressures and mechanisms involving pollinators often drive these color changes, while other forces such as genetic drift and pleiotropic effects may drive others. In this project, we investigated transitions in flower color in Leptosiphon (Polemoniaceae). Leptosiphon comprises 38 species and has a center of distribution in California. Based on our initial analyses, it appears that flower color (blue/purple, pink, and yellow) has been gained in many independent transitions from a white-flowered ancestor. A well-supported species-level phylogeny will allow for better mapping of floral characteristics. To refine phylogenetic relationships, plant material was obtained from field, herbaria, and greenhouse collections for 197 accessions, representing all 38 species, plus Phlox as an outgroup. We selected 96 samples, including all species and each color morph for a targeted gene capture protocol using MYbaits, a procedure that allows custom design of baits. Probe sequences were created through a reciprocal blast using four transcriptomes (two species of Phlox, Fouqueria macdouglaii, and Ternstroemia gymanthera) and the Arabidopsis genome. One hundred probes were created, with markers with large introns discarded. After gene capture, samples were multiplexed and sequenced with Illumina. Reads were assembled, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted on concatenated and individual gene data sets.
    [Show full text]