Chapter 14 Section 3 Life on the Home Front

Chapter 14 Section 3 – Life on the Home Front (p. 500-507) MAIN IDEAS NOTES

Women & Minorities on 1.) ______worked in factories the Home Front  “Rosie the Riveter”  2.5 million women worked in shipyards, aircraft factories, and manufacturing factories

a.) Many women ______at the end of WWII  However, the attitude towards women working outside the home changed

2.) June 25, 1941 = ______

a.) did ______

______ Fair Employment Practices Commission = set up to enforce Order 8802

3.) ______ Bracero = worker

a.) recruited ______

A Nation on the Move 1.) ______= new industrial region from southern California to the Deep South

2.) Lanham Act (1940) = provided ______ Prefabricated public housing = tiny rooms, thin walls, poor heating, little privacy  National Housing Agency (NHA) (1942) = coordinated all government housing programs

Racism Leads to 1.) ______faced ______in cities Violence  June 20, 1943 = white and black teenage girls fought in Detroit, which triggered other riots in the city  25 African Americans and 9 whites were killed

2.) ______ Zoot suit = baggy pleated pants with an overstuffed, knee-length jacket with wide lapels and a wide-brimmed hat  Worn by Mexican American teenagers in California  Victory suit = a suit with no vest, no cuffs, a short jacket and narrow lapels  Helped to save fabric during the war

a.) Rumors that ______

b.) 2,500 military men ______neighborhoods in LA  Police didn’t intervene and violence continued for several days

3.) ______Hispanic Americans served in WW II

 Dec. 7, 1941 = After Pearl Harbor, mobs attacked business and homes of Japanese immigrants and Japanese Relocation Americans &  Dec. 8, 1941 = all naturalized residents of German and Italian descent, 14 years of age or over, were Internment Camps designated as enemy aliens and were subject to government regulations such as travel restrictions, being forced to carry ID cards, and the seizure of personal property

1.) Feb. 19, 1942 = War Dept. could declare any part of the ______

______

a.) Set up ______for Japanese, German and Italian Americans

2.) ______(Dec. 1944)

a.) Supreme Court ruled that the ______ Said that the decision was based on military urgency and not on race

Page #1 2010-2011 Chapter 14 Section 3 – Life on the Home Front (p. 500-507)

3.) ______

a.) Supreme Court ruled that US ______

______

b.) 1945 = government ______from the camps

4.) Japanese Americans served in______

a.) ______

b.) ______ 442nd Regimental Combat Team = most highly decorated unit in WW II

 Japanese American Citizens League (JACL) = tried to help Japanese Americans recover lost property after WW II  1988 = President Ronald Reagan apologized and gave $20,000 to each surviving Japanese American who had been interned

Wartime Shortages  FDR created government agencies to stabilize wages and prices to prevent inflation on the Home Front

1.) ______ Demand for raw materials created shortages (meat, sugar, gas)  Rationing = limiting the purchase of supplies to make more available for military use  People had to pay for purchases and give enough coupon points to cover purchases

a.) ______

b.) ______ Other = coffee, shoes, sugar  Driving distances were restricted and speed limit was set at 35 mph to save gas and rubber

2.) ______

3.) ______

______ Organized to collect spare rubber, tin, aluminum, steel  People donated pots, tires, tin cans, old bicycles, etc.  Exchanged bacon and meat grease for extra ration coupons  Oils and fats were used to produce explosives

4.) ______ WW II cost $300 billion  E bonds sold for $18.75 and could be redeemed for $25 after 10 years  Americans bought $50 billion in war bonds and banks and businesses bought $100 billion in bonds

 Americans were united behind one goal = winning the war

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