All Disciplines of Science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Geology, Etc .) Are Based Upon

Unit 1 Physical Science

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 1 of 9 NOTE Packet

Name ______period _____

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 2 of 9 SCIENCE 9 – Unit 1 I) Outcome 2 --- Scientific Method All disciplines of Science (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Geology, etc ….) are based upon: “______” O______& E______

Because solid science relies upon “O & E”, science must have a consistent process to make ______and collect ______.

This process is called the ______

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 3 of 9 SCIENTIFIC METHOD … steps of the Scientific Method A) Determine the ______(or ______) to be tested. The purpose is written with BOTH the ______and ______variables in it.

Example: How does ______(independent variable) affect ______(dependent variable)? Become educated about your topic (do research or perform experiments) Example: Research the data that already has been collected about the affects of sunlight on plant growth.

B) Form a ______that answers the question stated in the Purpose. Hypothesis =______. Example: I think the plant that is exposed to sunlight will grow faster than the one that doesn’t receive sunlight. My research suggests that sunlight is necessary for plant growth.

C) EXPERIMENT … Preparing and Performing the Experiment(s) <><>TEST GROUPS (two types of test groups) 1) ______TEST = Part of the experiment with the ______taken out or changed so the control-test’s results can be compared to the results from the experimental test(s). 2) ______TEST(S) = Part(s) of the experiment that has both the independent and dependent variables in it.

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 4 of 9 Outcome 2 NOTES continued . . . A) INDEPENDENT VARIABLE - The ______of the experiment. B) DEPENDENT VARIABLE = The ______of the experiment. Example: Control TEST: Plant B – Gets no sunlight for 12 days. Experimental TEST: Plant A is allowed sunlight everyday for 12 days. - Independent variable of this example (cause): ______. - Dependent variable of this example (effect): ______.

D) DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS. - Data = ______. - ANALYSIS: Analyzing data often includes creating data tables and graphs to help make sense of the data… looking for patterns. - WRITING THE ANALYSIS: When you write an analysis you explain the patterns your data shows … in ______… without ______.

Example Analysis: Plant A grew 6 cm in 12 days (from 6cm to 12 cm). Plant B grew 2 cm in 12 days (from 6 cm to 8cm).

E) Make a CONCLUDING STATEMENT that has TWO parts: PART 1 . . . - ______. PART 2 . . . ______OR specific references to the data.

Example: (PART 1) The data suggests that ______. Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 5 of 9 (PART 2) Plant A was given sunlight for ______in that time. Plant B was not allowed sunlight and grew only ______.

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 6 of 9 II) Outcome 3 - Metric Measurement Basic Unit Symbol Tools Used length ______mass ______

liquid volume ______solid ______volume ______1 cc = ______

Temperature ______

o Freezing of H2O = ______C o Boiling of H2O = ______C

Density ______

Density = ______/ ______

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 7 of 9 III) OUTCOME 4- Metric Converting

basic kilo hecto deka unit deci centi milli ______meter ______liter ______gram To be able to convert in the metric system you must know the order of the prefixes above.

PREFIX ORDER Use this silly saying to help remember the metric order:

“kick” “her” “duck” “under” “daddy’s” “cement” “mixer” (kilo) (hecto) (deka) (basic unit) (deci) (centi) (milli)

Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 8 of 9 Outcome 4 NOTES continued . . . STEPS TO CONVERTING:

>> Let’s use the example problem: 25.0 meters is how many centimeters? OR 25 m = ______cm

1) Find what number and unit you are given. This is the starting point. - In the example, we are given 25.0 (m) meters Starting point kilo hecto deka unit deci centi milli meter

2) Find what unit you need to convert to. This is the ending point. - In the example, we need to convert to cm (centimeter)

Ending point kilo hecto deka unit deci centi milli

3) Determine the direction you need to move AND count how many places you need to move. Starting point Ending point kilo hecto deka unit deci centi milli meter

- In the example, we move two places to the right, from meter to centi

4) Move the decimal point two places to the right.

25.__ __m = 2500. cm Unit 1 – Physical Science NOTES - Page 9 of 9