The Complex Sentence- Has Exactly One Independent Clause and at Least One Subordinate Clause
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The Complex Sentence- has exactly one independent clause and at least one subordinate clause
Simple My friend invited me to a party. I do not want to go. Both sentences contain one independent clause each of equal value. Compound My friend invited me to a party, but I do not want to go. Now joined in a compound sentence each independent clause is still of equal value. Complex Although my friend invited me to a party, I do not want to go. The dependent clause "Although my friend invited me to a party" cannot stand on it own because of subordinating conjunction “Although.” Without it “My friend invited me to a party” would be able to stand on its own. The dependent clause depends upon the independent clause “I do not want to go” to complete it. This indicates which idea is most important. Complex sentences emphasize the independent clause because it can stand on its own.
Common Subordinating Conjunctions
after if though although if only till as in order that unless as if now that until as long as once when as though rather than whenever because since where before so that whereas even if than wherever even though that while
Circle the subordinating conjunction and underline the subordinate clause in each sentence. Then label each clause as subordinate or independent.
Example- Jim listened to music while he was studying for his chemistry test.
1. After you add the eggs to the mixture, you must stir immediately.
2. You can answer the questions accurately if you take your time to review them.
3. Barbara studied the map because she was not familiar with the city’s layout.
4. When we finish sentence types, we will continue with phrases.
5. He cannot go to the concert unless her parents miraculously change their minds. Choosing Subordinating Conjunctions
Choose the subordinating conjunction that best indicates the relationship between the ideas presented in each sentence. Fill in the blank, then circle the subordinating conjunction and underline the subordinate clause.
1. ______it was raining, I didn't get wet. a. Although b. Because c. After d. Since
2. Jun couldn't buy any Christmas presents ______he didn't have any money. a. even if b. unless c. because d. even though
3. ______my wife likes to travel abroad, I prefer to stay at home for my vacations. a. Whereas b. Since c. Once d. Wherever
4. Jerry passed the exam the first time ______I had to retake it three times. a. as b. if c. when d. while
5. I will be late today ______my car has broken down. a. even if b. as though c. though d. because
6. ______Mei Li doesn't speak English, she can't go to university in Canada. a. Since b. Whereas c. Rather than d. As long as
7. I don't drink coffee ______it makes me nervous. a. now that b. even though c. before d. as 8. Paula got the job ______she had no experience. a. after b. whenever c. even though d. rather than
Choose an appropriate subordinating conjunction from the list contained in your notes. Then, circle the subordinating conjunction and underline the subordinate clause.
9. We keep our bread in the fridge ______it doesn't go bad.
10. The five-cent coin looks very modern ______it has a Jefferson’s whole face instead of his profile.
11. ______Volkswagen cars are cheap, they last a long time.
12. You should give the iron time to heat up ______you iron your clothes.
13. You need proper shoes to go hiking in the mountains ______the ground is rough and hard.
14. Hockey players wear lots of protective clothing ______they don't get hurt.
15. You will have to pay higher insurance ______you buy a sports car.
16. You shouldn't drive ______you are drinking alcohol.
17. ______the dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish -- it's a mammal.
18. You may get malaria ______you are bitten by a mosquito.
Using a subordinating conjunction, combine the following simple sentences to make a complex sentence. Then, circle the subordinating conjunction and underline the subordinate clause.
19. The game had to be postponed. There was a major storm predicted.
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20. You cannot go on the trip. You have a signed permission slip.
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______Punctuating Sentences Box any coordinating conjunction or semi-colons, circle subordinating conjunctions, underline subordinate clauses; then, punctuate each sentence according to its structure. If a sentence requires no changes in punctuation, write “C” in the space provided.
1. The sun was bright so I wore sunglasses.
2. Because the sun was bright I wore sunglasses.
3. There are a number of successful writers who did not complete formal schooling, however, they all
continued their education in some form.
4. Amy joined us on the trip, but went home early.
5. Janine will be the new office manager; or she will become the sales supervisor.
6. The Mona Lisa has no eyebrows, since it was the fashion in Renaissance Florence to shave them off.
7. During our meeting Fred said that he has been with the company for forty years but he has not slowed
down one bit.
8. They do not put clocks in casinos because they want people to lose track of time.
9. The exits are not clearly marked so that people will wander around until they end up gambling again.
10. I haven’t seen them in years, I wish them well though.
11. When you think something is easy you should double check it before you move on.
12. Eight glasses are the recommended number to maintain a person’s hydration.
13. If you are interested in finance or politics you should read The Wall Street Journal.
14. You should check your answers so you can catch anything you missed.
15. Although the great white shark is the most feared predator in the ocean the starfish is actually the most
dangerous.
16. You can tell a storm is coming if you watch the barometer.
17. When the barometer rises a high system is moving in.
18. Unless my mother postpones her visit from Calgary I will not have time to study for my exam.
19. This summer was relatively mild in comparison to the one that came before it.
20. This winter however is supposed to be brutally cold, it’s going to be freezing! Sentence Combining I Change the following sentence according to the directions below. Box all coordinating conjunctions and semi-colons. Circle subordinating conjunctions and underline subordinate clauses.
The weather was unusually pleasant until the cold front moved in.
1. Two simple sentences
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2. A compound sentence with a conjunction
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3. A compound sentence without a conjunction
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Denzel Washington is a talented actor. His movies are often successful.
4. A compound sentence with a conjunction
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5. A complex sentence with the subordinate clause first
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6. A complex sentence with the subordinate clause second
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______The chef put the final touches on the meal. He cooked it to perfection.
7. A complex sentence with the subordinate clause first
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8. A complex sentence with the subordinate clause second
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9. A complex sentence with two subordinate clauses
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Our team won the game. (add the necessary clauses and punctuation).
10. Make a compound sentence
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11. Make a complex sentence with one subordinate clause
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12. Make a complex sentence with two subordinate clauses
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