1. Benthic Oozes Usually Consist of a Biogenous Sediment Content of at Least What Percentage?

Multiple-Choice Questions Chapter 5: Marine Sediments

1. Benthic oozes usually consist of a biogenous sediment content of at least what percentage? w. 5% x. 15% y. 30% z. 85% 2. Which of the following covers the greatest amount of the ocean’s surface area? w. siliceous ooze x. fecal pellets y. abyssal clay z. calcareous ooze 3. Which of the following groups of organisms contributes to calcareous ooze? w. Coccolithophores and radiolarians x. Foraminiferans and radiolarians y. Diatoms and radiolarians z. Coccolithophores and foraminiferans 4. What property does not result in increased solubility of calcium carbonate? w. High pressure x. Water with a pH above 7 y. High temperature z. Water with a pH below 7 5. The depth of the carbonate compensation depth does not directly rely on which of the following? w. Temperature x. pH y. radiolarian productivity z. pressure 6. What is the zone in which calcium carbonate dissolution increases rapidly with increased depth? w. Carbonate compensation depth x. Lysocline y. Halocline z. Calcium optimum zone 7. Which of following accumulates the slowest on the sea floor? w. Abyssal clay x. Calcareous ooze y. Fecal matter z. Siliceous ooze

8. What scale is used to measure the grain size of sediments? w. Richter scale x. Wentworth scale y. Brahe scale z. Moore scale 9. Which of these size classes doesn’t below under gravel? w. Granite x. Cobble y. Pebble z. Boulder 10. Which is the smallest rock type? w. Conglomerate x. Sandstone y. Siltstone z. Claystone 11. Between what two grain sizes is the Phi equal to 0? w. Coarse sand and Medium sand x. Very coarse sand and granule y. Cobble and pebble z. Very coarse sand and coarse sand

12. What is formed when turbidites are deposited at the edge of the continental margin? w. Continental Slope x. Continental Rise y. Continental Run z. Continental Acclivity 13. What kind of bedding is produced from the turbidites settling? w. Slated Bedding x. Cross-Bedding y. Graded Bedding z. Depositional Bedding 14. In which epoch were most glacier deposits formed? w. Neogene x. Paleocene y. Pleistocene z. Piocene 15. What is it called when sediments are carried from shore by icebergs and deposited when they melt? w. Moraine x. Rafting y. Plucking z. Abrasion 16. Name these dome-shaped calcareous sedimentary structures that were secreted in layers by ancient cyanobacteria. w. Coral Domes x. Stromatolites y. Domealites z. Protozoa 17. Short-Answer What is mined in order to produce phosphates used in fertilizers? Phoshphorite

18. Which of the types of sediment comes from space? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 19. Which of the types of sediment comes from the remains of living organisms? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 20. Which of the types of sediment comes from precipitation of ions dissolved in water? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 21. Which of the types of sediment comes from rocks, volcanoes, and continents? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 22. What type of sediment are ferromagnesian minerals? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 23. What type of sediment are tektites? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 24. What type of sediment are manganese nodules? w. lithogenous x. cosmogenous y. biogenous z. hydrogenous 25. Calcium carbonate cannot be classified by which of the following? w. biogenous x. lithogenous y. hydrogenous z. cosmogenous

26. At what depth would you normally expect to see the lysocline? w. 100m x. 300m y. 1000m z. 3000m 27. What type of sediments include tektites? w. cosmogenous sediment x. biogenous sediment y. lithogenous sediment z. hydrogenous sediment 28. Stromatolites are fossilized w. coral x. plants y. foraminiferans z. cyanobacteria 29. What hydrogenous sediment is often mined to be used for fertilizer? w. manganese nodules x. Stromatolites y. Phosphorites z. Foraminiferan shells 30. What type of sediment is most likely to have basalt as a component? w. cosmogenous sediment x. biogenous sediment y. lithogenous sediment z. hydrogenous sediment 31. What determines placement on the Wentworth scale? w. size of sediment particles x. age of sediment particles y. composition of sediment particles z. depth of sediment particles 32. On the Wentworth scale, which of the following is the largest? w. Silt x. Cobble y. Clay z. Pebble 33. Which Is true of oozes? w. Silaceous ooze is more common than calcareous ooze x. Siliceous ooze can exist at deeper levels than calcareous ooze y. Siliceous ooze is primarily diatoms and foraminiferans z. Calcareous ooze is primarily from mollusk shells