Thoracic Pathology

Sample 1

THORACIC PATHOLOGY

A Actinomycosis B Acute pneumonia C Acute pneumothorax D Asthma E Chest wall sarcoma F Chronic bronchitis G Empyema H Extralobular sequestration I Ganglioneuroblastoma J Haemothorax K Inhaled foreign body L Interstitial lung disease M Pulmonary tuberculosis N Recurrent tracheooesophageal fistula O Thymoma

From the list of options above, choose which one is the most likely diagnosis in each of the clinical scenarios. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

1 A 4 year old child presents with sudden onset of coughing. 2 A 4 year old child with persistent fever and cough following antibiotic treatment of chest infection. 3 A 2 year old with a solid mass in the posterior mediastinum. Sample 2

HERNIAE

A Congenital diaphragmatic hernia B Epigastric hernia C Femoral hernia D Hiatus hernia E Incisional hernia F Inguinal hernia G Morgani hernia of the diaphragm H Obturator hernia I Spigelian hernia J Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia K Umbilical hernia

For each of the following scenarios, select the most likely diagnosis from the list of options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

1. A 5 month old girl presents with irreducible non-tender swelling in the midline above umbilicus. 2. A 10 year old boy is found on a routine chest X-ray to have an abnormal gas shadow overlying the cardiac outline. He is asymptomatic. 3. A 9 year old boy is found to have loops of intestine in his left thoracic cavity on routine chest X-ray. The only past medical history is that he was hospitalised following a fall from a tree two years previously. Sample 3

INTESTINAL STOMAS

A Bishop-Koop stoma B Caecostomy C Gastrostomy D Ileal resection and anastomosis with no stoma E Ileostomy F Ileostomy and Hartmans (blind rectal pouch) G Ileostomy and mucous fistula H Jejunostomy I Jejunostomy and second look procedure J Oesophagostomy K Sigmoidostomy and mucous fistula

Which of the options presented above is the most appropriate procedure for the following scenarios? Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

1. A 4 year old child has intestinal obstruction. At operation 20 cm segment of ileum is twisted around an omphalomesenteric band and is necrotic. 2. An 800 gm neonate has multiple areas of necrotising enterocolitis of doubtful viability. 3. A newborn, sibling of a child with cystic fibrosis, presents with signs of intestinal obstruction. His brother had required multiple procedures for meconium ileus. Sample 4

RADIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

A Contrast enhanced CT scan B DMSA scan C Echo cardiography D Lower GI contrast study E MAG3 scan F Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) G Magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP) H Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) I Plain X-ray of abdomen J Plain X-ray of chest K Upper GI contrast study L USS KUB M Venography

From the list above, choose which one will be the most informative radiological investigation for each of the following scenarios. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

1. A 1 day old term baby presenting with isolated bilious vomiting. 2. To assess renal scarring in vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). 3. An oncology patient requiring central venous access who has had several previous long lines. Sample 5

NERVE COMPLICATIONS OF SURGERY

A Accessory nerve B External laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal nerve C Facial nerve D Genitofemoral nerve E Glossopharyngeal nerve F Hypoglossal nerve G Ilio hypogastric nerve H Ilio inguinal nerve I Long thoracic nerve J Phrenic nerve K Recurrent laryngeal nerve L Vagus nerve

From the list of options above, choose which nerve is most at risk during the following surgical operations. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

1. Excision of jugulo-digastric node. 2. Excision submandibular gland. 3. Parotidectomy.