Employment and Consultancy Experience

RICHARD H. ADAMS, JR DECPG MSN MC2-202 World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433

Tel: (202) 473-9037 (work) (703) 435-0896 (home)

Email: [email protected]

EMPLOYMENT AND CONSULTANCY EXPERIENCE

June 2004 – Present World Bank, Development Prospects Group (DECPG)

Consultant, International Migration, Remittances and Poverty – Wrote papers analyzing: determinants of international remittances in the developing world, and impact of international migration and remittances on poverty, inequality and investment in Africa, Guatemala and Ghana. Devised and directed nationally- representative household surveys on international migration and remittances in Morocco and Ghana, and analyzed results of these surveys. Also supervised group of consultants working on this topic in Mexico and the Philippines. Published six World Bank Policy Research Working Papers, two chapters in edited books and three articles in academic journals on international migration, remittances, poverty and development.

July 2006 – November 2007 Asian Development Bank

Consultant, Poverty and International Migration - Served as poverty expert reviewing results of Asian Development Bank (ADB) Project on International Migration, Poverty and Development in Central Asia and South Caucasus. Reviewed methodology for household surveys on poverty and migration in 5 Central Asian countries, and advised on write-up of project results and findings.

May 1998 – May 2004 World Bank, Poverty Division – Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit (PRMPR)

Poverty Consultant – Wrote 30-page papers on: international migration, remittances and poverty in developing world, effect of economic growth on -2- poverty and inequality in developing countries, international migration and brain drain, impact of Bank adjustment work on public social spending for the poor, -3-

EMPLOYMENT AND CONSULTANCY EXPERIENCE (contd)

pro-poor growth, poverty and inequality in the Middle East, impact of food subsidies in Egypt, effect of Bank work on IDA government expenditures on education and health, income distribution in Abu Dhabi, employment and the labor market in Oman, sources of rural income inequality in Jordan and Egypt, and the labor market in Egypt. Served as poverty reviewer for ex post review of Country Assistance Strategies (CASs) (2001, 2000 and 1999), and as poverty reviewer for QAG Quality-at-Entry Review of World Bank Projects in Fall 1999. Published nine World Bank Policy Research Working Papers, two chapters in edited books and five articles in academic journals. Lectured on international migration and poverty at PREM Week 2003 and rural poverty issues at PREM Week 1999.

August 2003 – June 2004 World Bank, Research Committee Washington, DC

Grantee - Received research grant from Small Grants Research Committee to do research on project “Measuring the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty in Developing Countries.” Developed data set and new econometric techniques for measuring the impact of remittances on poverty in 71 developing countries. Published results of work in journal World Development.

September 2002 – December 2002 Department of Economics Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Adjunct Professor: In Fall of 2002 taught a graduate/upper division course for 35 students entitled “Economic Development of the Middle East.” This lecture course examined the process of economic development in the Middle East since 1945, covering such topics as structural adjustment, labor markets, international migration and poverty.

December 2001 – May 2002 Nathan Associates Washington, DC

Poverty Consultant – Wrote 30-page technical report for USAID analyzing the effect of economic growth on poverty and income distribution in developing countries. Also wrote two country-specific papers (on Uganda and Vietnam), describing how these countries used general development strategies to reduce poverty and income inequality in the 1990s. -4-

February 2001 – June 2001 World Bank and USAID Amman, Jordan

Consultant – Worked on two poverty projects in Amman, Jordan. In the first project, funded by World Bank, worked with Jordan Department of Statistics to devise a household survey questionnaire to measure changes in poverty in Jordan. In the second project, funded by USAID, interviewed the heads of all government, non-government and international organizations working to alleviate poverty in Jordan; wrote a 90-page report for Jordan Ministry of Social Development detailing future policy recommendations to reduce poverty in Jordan.

1982-1998 International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C.

Research Fellow – For 16 years, conducted policy-oriented research on the economic and institutional dynamics of agricultural and rural development in Egypt, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and the Middle East. Wrote three books and fifteen journal articles analyzing economic development, rural poverty and income distribution, remittances and migration, political economy, and development administration in Egypt, Pakistan, Bangladesh and the Middle East.

1995-97 World Bank, Agriculture Operations, Middle East and North Africa Region

Consultant - Head consultant for World Bank research project on the status of female income, employment and education in rural Egypt. Devised two sets of questionnaires (in Arabic); these questionnaires were administered to 2,000 households in four rural Egyptian governorates in 1996. Analyzed data, and authored final 50-page report.

1994-95 Ford Foundation, Cairo, Egypt

Grantee - Received post-doctoral fellowship to study the political economy of food subsidies in Egypt. Hired a team of Egyptian researchers (economists and political scientists) and analyzed how the Egyptian government makes decisions about food subsidies and the effect of these subsidies on the poor. Presented results of study at seminars sponsored by Egyptian Ministries of Supply and Agriculture. Published results of study in journal World Development (1996). -5-

1992 Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ

Visiting Lecturer – In Spring of 1992 taught a graduate seminar course for 15 students entitled “Alternative Strategies for Rural Development." This seminar examined the political economy of agricultural and rural development in Asian, Africa and Latin America.

1991 Policy Economics Group, KPMG Peat Marwick, Washington, DC

Consultant - As a consultant to USAID, traveled to Egypt in order to prepare a 30-page paper entitled "Agricultural Taxation in Egypt." Interviewed Egyptian officials in Ministries of Finance and Agriculture.

1990-91 World Bank, Population and Human Resources Division, EMENA Region

Consultant - Prepared 50-page project proposal entitled "The Economic Impact of International Remittances on Poverty, Income Distribution and Consumption/Investment in Egypt." Submitted this proposal to Research Grants Committee at World Bank.

1986-87 American Research Center in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt

Researcher - Spent seven months living in an Egyptian village in Upper Egypt while collecting primary household data on the effects of international worker remittances on poverty and economic development in Egypt. Hired and directed a team of enumerators, analyzed results and published survey findings in IFPRI research report (1991) and various journal articles.

1981 Department of Political Science, University of California, Berkeley

Lecturer – In Spring of 1981 organized and taught undergraduate lecture course of forty students on the economic and political dynamics of development in the Third World. Covered such topics as structural adjustment, labor markets, poverty, and urban and rural development. -6-

1978-80 American Research Center in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt

Dissertation Research Fellow - Spent 20 months living in two different Egyptian villages while collecting field data for Ph.D. thesis. Used Arabic language skills to interview villagers regarding the impact of Egyptian rural development since 1952. Published results of study in Syracuse University Press book (1986).

EDUCATION

Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley, CA, 1981 (Political Science, with emphasis on Middle Eastern Politics, Economics and Arabic)

M.A. Claremont Graduate School, Claremont, CA, 1974 (Government)

B.A. University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, 1972 (International Relations, Economics)

Ph.D. Thesis

"Growth Without Development in Rural Egypt: A Local-Level Study in Institutional and Social Change"

Ph. D. thesis awarded "Best Dissertation Award" for 1982 by Western Political Science Association.

LANGUAGE ABILITY

Arabic Good speaking, good reading, fair writing

PUBLICATIONS

A. Books and Monographs

Sources of Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural Pakistan (with Jane He). Research Report 102. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC. 1995.

The Impact of International Remittances on Poverty, Inequality and Development in Rural Egypt. Research Report 86. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC. l99l. A. Books and Monographs (contd) -7-

Development and Social Change in Rural Egypt. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1986.

Syracuse University Press book has been translated into Arabic.

B. Articles

“The Determinants of International Remittances in the Developing World,” World Development, Vol. 37, No. 1, January 2009.

“The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Ghana,” (with Alfredo Cuecuecha and John Page), World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4732, Development Prospects Group, September 2008.

“The Demographic, Economic and Financial Determinants of International Remittances in the Developing World,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4583, Development Prospects Group, March 2008.

“Remittances, Consumption and Investment in Ghana,” (with Alfredo Cuecuecha and John Page), World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4515, Development Research Group, February 2008.

“International Remittances and the Household: Analysis and Review of Global Evidence,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4116, Development Research Group, February 2007.

“International Remittances and the Household: Analysis and Review of Global Evidence,” Journal of African Economies, Vol. 15, Supplement 2, December 2006.

“Remittances and Poverty in Ghana,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3838, Development Research Group, February 2006.

“Remittances, Poverty and Investment in Guatemala,” in Caglar Ozden and Maurice Schiff (eds), International Migration, Remittances and the Brain Drain, Washington, DC: World Bank, 2005.

“Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?” (with John Page), World Development, Vol. 33, No. 10, October 2005.

B. Articles (contd) -8-

“The Impact of International Migration and Remittances on Poverty” (with John Page), in Samuel Maimbo and Dilip Ratha (eds), Remittances: Development Impact and Future Prospects, Washington, DC: World Bank, 2005.

“Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala,” World Bank Research Working Paper 3532, Development Research Group, March 2005.

“Economic Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Estimating the Growth Elasticity of Poverty,” World Development, Vol. 32, No. 12, December 2004.

“Remittances and Poverty in Guatemala,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3418, Development Research Group, September 2004.

“International Migration, Remittances and Poverty in Developing Countries” (with John Page), World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3179, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, December 2003.

“Poverty, Inequality and Growth in Selected Middle East and North Africa Countries, 1980-2000” (with John Page), World Development, Vol. 31, No. 12, December 2003

“Evaluating Egypt’s Development, 1980-1997,” in M. Riad el-Ghonemy (ed), Egypt in the Twenty-First Century: Challenges for Development, London: Routledge Curzon, 2003.

“International Migration, Remittances and the Brain Drain: A Study of 24 Labor-Exporting Countries,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3069, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, June 2003.

“Economic Growth, Inequality and Poverty: Findings from a New Data Set,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2972, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, February 2003.

“The Political Economy and Distributional Impact of the Egyptian Food Subsidy System,” in Hans Lofgren (ed), Food, Agriculture and Economic Policy in the Middle East and North Africa, Research in Middle East Economics, Vol. 5, New York: Elsevier Science, 2003.

"Nonfarm Income, Inequality and Land in Rural Egypt," Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 50, No. 2, January 2002. B. Articles (contd)

"Precautionary Saving from Different Sources of Income: Evidence from -9-

Rural Pakistan,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2761, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management, January 2002.

"Nonfarm Income, Inequality and Poverty in Rural Egypt and Jordan," World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2572, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, World Bank, March 2001.

“Self-Targeted Subsidies: The Political and Distributional Impact of the Egyptian Food Subsidy System,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 49, No. 1, October 2000.

"The Politics of Economic Policy Reform in Developing Countries,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2443, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, World Bank, September 2000.

“Evaluating the Process of Development in Egypt, 1980 to 1997,” International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 32, No. 2, May 2000.

"Self-Targeted Subsidies: The Distributional Impact of the Egyptian Food Subsidy System," World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2322, Poverty Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, World Bank, April 2000.

“Nonfarm Income, Inequality and Land in Rural Egypt,” World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2178, Middle East and North Africa Region, World Bank, September 1999.

"The Political Economy of the Food Subsidy System in Bangladesh," Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 35, No. 1, October 1998.

"Remittances, Investment and Rural Asset Accumulation in Pakistan,” Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 47, No. 1, October 1998.

"The Egyptian Food Subsidy System: Operation and Effects on Income Distribution," World Development, Vol. 24, No. 1, November 1996.

"Remittances, Inequality and Asset Accumulation: The Case of Rural Pakistan," in David O'Connor and Leila Farkah (eds), Development Strategy, Employment and Migration: Country Experiences, Paris: Development Centre, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1996.

B. Articles (contd)

"Agricultural Income, Cash Crops and Inequality in Rural Pakistan," Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 43, No. 3, April 1995. -10-

"Non-Farm Income and Inequality in Rural Pakistan: A Decomposition Analysis," Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 31, No. 1, October 1994.

"The Economic and Demographic Determinants of International Migration in Rural Egypt," Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1, October 1993.

"Non-Farm Income and Inequality in Rural Pakistan," Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 32, No. 4, Winter 1993.

"Bureaucrats and Peasants: The Dynamics of Local-level Agricultural Bureaucracy in Rural Egypt," in Per Pinstrup-Andersen (ed.), The Political Economy of Food and Nutrition Policies, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993.

"The Effects of Migration and Remittances on Inequality in Rural Pakistan," Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 31, No. 4, Winter 1992.

"Sources of Income Inequality in Rural Pakistan: A Decomposition Analysis" (with Harold Alderman), Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 54, No. 4, November 1992.

"Sources of Income Inequality in Rural Pakistan: A Decomposition Analysis" (with Harold Alderman). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper WPS 836, Agriculture and Rural Development Department, World Bank, January 1992.

“The Economic Uses and Impact of International Remittances in Rural Egypt." Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 39, No. 4, July 1991.

"Worker Remittances and Inequality in Rural Egypt," Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 38, No. 1, October 1989.

"The Effect of Remittances on Household Behavior and Rural Development in Upper Egypt," American Research Center in Egypt Newsletter, No. 139, Fall 1987.

"Taxation, Control and Agrarian Transition in Rural Egypt: A Local-Level View," in Alan Richards (ed.), Food, States and Peasants: Analyses of the Agrarian Question in the Middle East. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1986. B. Articles (contd)

“The New Political Economy of Food and Agricultural Development"(with John W. Mellor), Food Policy, Vol. 11, No. 4, November 1986. -11-

"Bureaucrats, Peasants and the Dominant Coalition: An Egyptian Case Study," Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 22, No. 2, January 1986.

"Development and Structural Change in Rural Egypt, 1952 to 1982," World Development, Vol. 13, No. 6, June 1985.

"Feeding the Underdeveloped World" (with John W.Mellor), Chemical and Engineering News, April 23, 1984.

"The Role of Research in Policy Development: The Creation of the IMF Cereal Import Facility," World Development, Vol. 11, No. 7, July 1983.

"Local Institutions and Agricultural Development in Egypt: A Concluding Field Report," American Research Center in Egypt Newsletter, No. 119, Fall 1982.

COMMISSIONED REPORTS

“The Effect of Economic Growth on Poverty and Income Distribution in Developing Countries: Literature Review and Data Analysis,” report prepared for US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, May 2002.

“Combating Poverty in Jordan: The Present Situation, Current Programs and Future Policy Recommendations,” report prepared for US Agency for International Development, Amman, Jordan, June 2001. -12-

PAPERS DELIVERED AT CONFERENCES

“Poverty, Remittances and Migration: Addressing Interconnecting Challenges” at 29th Forum of Parliamentarians for Global Action, Abuja, Nigeria, November 2007.

“Migration, Remittances and Development: The Critical Nexus in the Middle East” at United Nations Expert Meeting on International Migration and Development in the Arab Region, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), Beirut, Lebanon, May 2006.

“Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala” at conference sponsored by Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) and Universidad Iberoamericana on “The Effects of Migration on Sending Countries,” Mexico City, Mexico, February 2006.

“International Remittances and the Household: Analysis and Review of Global Evidence” at Plenary Session of African Economic Research Consortium (AERC), Nairobi, Kenya, May 2005.

“Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?” at conference sponsored by OECD and Central Popular Bank of Morocco on “Migration, Remittances and the Economic Development of Sending Countries,” Marrakech, Morocco, February 2005.

“International Migration and Remittances: Fleeing from Poverty,” World Bank PREM Week Conference on “Economic Growth Strategies,” Washington, DC, April 2004.

“The Impact of International Migration and Remittances on Poverty” (with John Page) at conference sponsored by DFID and World Bank on “Migrant Remittances: Development Impact, Opportunities for the Financial Sector and Future Prospects,” London, England, October 2003.

“The Rural Non-farm Sector: Characteristics and Options” at workshop sponsored by UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Africa (ESCWA) and World Bank Institute on “Rural Development in the Middle East,” Beirut, Lebanon, June 2002.

"Oil, Migration, Remittances and Development in the Middle East," Invited Lecture given at Middle East Centre, St. Antony's College, Oxford University, Oxford, England, March 2001. -13-

PAPERS DELIVERED AT CONFERENCES (contd)

"The Egyptian Food Subsidy System: Operation and Effects on Income Distribution" (with Sonia Ali) at seminar sponsored by Egyptian Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade, Cairo, Egypt, October 1995.

"Remittances, Inequality and Asset Accumulation: The Case of Rural Pakistan" at workshop sponsored by Development Center of Organization for Economic and Cultural Development (OECD) on "Development Strategy, Employment and Migration," Paris, France, July 1994.

"Non-Farm Income, Poverty and Inequality in Rural Pakistan" at 1993 Annual Meeting of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 1993.

"The Effects of Migration and Remittances on Inequality in Rural Pakistan" at 1992 Annual Meeting of the Pakistan Society of Development Economists, Islamabad, Pakistan, January 1992.

"The Economic and Demographic Determinants of International Migration in Rural Egypt" at 1991 Annual Meeting of Middle East Studies Association (MESA), Washington, DC, November 1991.

"Sources of Income Inequality in Rural Pakistan" at conference sponsored by Pakistan Association of Agricultural Social Scientists, Islamabad, Pakistan, May 1991.

"The Economic Uses and Impact of International Remittances in Rural Egypt" at seminar sponsored by Research Program in Development Studies, Princeton University, April 1991.

"Worker Remittances and Inequality in Rural Egypt" at 1988 Annual Meeting of Middle East Studies Association (MESA), Los Angeles, CA, November 1988. sponsored by Research Program in Development Studies, Princeton University, October 1988.

"Bureaucrats and Peasants: The Dynamics of Local-Level Bureaucracy in Rural Egypt" at International Food Policy Research Institute Conference on "The Political Economy of Nutrition Improvements," Coolfont, West Virginia, June 1985.

“Taxation, Control and Agrarian Transition in Rural Egypt: A Local-Level View" at Social Science Research Council conference on "The Food Problem and State Policy in the Middle East," Rome, Italy, September 1984. -14-

HONORS

Recipient of World Bank Research Grant (2003-04); Ford Foundation Research Grant (1994-95); American Research Center in Egypt Post-Doctoral Fellowship (1986-87); Henry Braden Memorial Fellowship (1981); American Research Center in Egypt Dissertation Fellowship (1978-80); Institute for the Study of World Politics Dissertation Fellowship (1978-80); Foreign Language and Arab Studies (FLAS) Fellowship in Arabic (1977-78); Center for Arabic Studies Abroad (CASA) Fellowship in Arabic (1976); Rodger Davies Memorial Fellowship (1975); UC Berkeley Department of Political Science Fellowship (1974-75)

Ph.D. thesis nominated for Leonard D. White Award given annually to the outstanding doctoral thesis in public administration by the American Political Science Association

Passed Ph.D. qualifying examination in Middle Eastern politics "with distinction" (1976)

PERSONAL

Born: January 26, 1951 (Lancaster, PA, USA)

Citizenship: USA

REFERENCES

Available upon request.