SHARP News Volume 25, Number 1 2016

the registration costs as low as possible – acknowledgement of the increasing number The Prez Speaks their goal is to break even, not to generate of SHARP ‘agents’ (that is, non-officers who profit – but here too costs are increasing. have Society roles), and the formal creation As many of you will know, Elizabeth As an organisation, we do not subsidise our of committees to oversee specific aspects Eisenstein – book historian, international conferences but we do ensure that every of SHARP’s activities. In addition, we are tennis champion, and long-time member delegate pays a small surcharge on top of following the practice of many other scholarly of SHARP – died in January, after a short their registration fee, to fund grants for organisations by creating a ‘policy manual’ illness, at the age of 92. The Printing Revolution individuals without which they could not that will sit alongside the constitution and in Early Modern Europe (1983), the abridged attend the conference. In this way, SHARP will detail our day-to-day working procedures. and illustrated version of The Printing Press 2015 in Montreal generated $7000 to support As I write this, a draft of the revised as an Agent of Change (1979), was one of delegates this year, and by attending Paris constitution has been submitted to our the very first books I bought as a masters’ you too will be helping to support delegates Board for comment and approval; if they student and I remember vividly the intellectual at SHARP 2017. In addition, we are very are happy with it, we will then make the excitement it stirred in me: here, I realised, grateful to the Delmas Foundation for draft text available to all members for further was the field to which I wanted to devote my supporting the attendance of a select group input before presenting a finalised version scholarly career. I met Professor Eisenstein of international early career scholars, who for formal ratification by the membership. first at a SHARP conference in Edinburgh in will also be participating in a pre-conference I look forward to hearing your responses 1995, directing her to the correct lecture hall: workshop at Paris entitled ‘Broadening the once we share the proposed revisions. although I was almost a third of her age and reach of book history around the globe’. Over the past year we have also been somewhat taller, I struggled to keep up as she In my previous column, I mentioned experimenting with the new role of an dashed across the Edinburgh traffic – and that I had asked Past President Leslie Executive Council ‘Assistant’ partly to help then watched as she delivered her keynote Howsam to review SHARP’s constitution. me and my colleagues with some of the more lecture with characteristic brio. Her mental The constitution had been last revised in time-consuming administrative tasks but also and physical energy was extraordinary and 2009 and since then, SHARP has become to support us in more complex projects. I think her lectures captured her at her best: more financially robust, more internationally We appointed Dr Vincent Trott, a London- lively, engaging, informed, ambitious, and diverse – and much more industrious. based book historian working on the First provocative. Although many of us will have Alongside the foundational work of our World War, and he has already helped us get her two-volume magnum opus on our shelves, conferences and publications, we now support a better understanding of our membership’s she was a brilliant essayist, in the full sense of dozens of small book historical events across demographics and has been researching that term, always keen to explore hypotheses the world, provide scholarships at various ways that we could make membership more and to move the debate forwards. She was international institutions, run a translations affordable to scholars working in developing also a model SHARP member: collegial, committee, maintain our own archive, and economies. I will say more about these open, involved, and internationally minded. so on. Our Board of Directors is more active aspects in Paris, but in the meantime I wanted Professor Eisenstein was a scholar of than ever, and I must pay particular thanks to thank Vincent for all his help to date. French history, and so it is fitting that we return to my colleagues on the Executive Council Last year, we announced a competition to France for this year’s SHARP conference. who collectively volunteer hundreds of inviting rare book schools and similar SHARP 2016 in Paris promises to be one hours to support SHARP. The constitution, organisations that offered short courses of the most successful conferences we’ve then, needs to reflect the growing range of relevance to book history to apply for ever had, with more speakers and sessions and complexity of our activities and the three years’ worth of scholarship funds. We than ever before. It promises too to be one increasing number of members holding some kind of official responsibility, and to of the most internationally diverse, and I Contents particularly look forward to welcoming many ensure that we remain accountable to our scholars from across the world for whom membership at the same time as helping this will be their first SHARP conference. SHARP to become a more efficient and The Prez Speaks 1 Attending a SHARP conference, though, flexible organisation. The proposed changes Book Reviews 2 is often an expensive proposition, given the include revisions to the number and terms Bibliography 39 rising cost of travel and accommodation. of the Board of Directors, a slight increase Conference organisers endeavour to keep to the size of the Executive Council, formal SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 2

received applications from the Rare Book y dirigida por ella, fue redactada casi por SHARP News School at the University of Virginia, the Book completo por Soledad Acosta de Samper History Workshop at Texas A&M, the Digital – el número de sus colaboradoras fue Humanities Summer Institute at the University disminuyendo a medida que avanzaba la editor of Victoria in Canada, California Rare Book publicación –. La publicación obedeció a Padmini Ray Murray School, the London Rare Book School, the una intención de crear un proyecto político Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology Institut d’Histoire du Livre in Lyon, and the y pedagógico para las mujeres de su época. Australasian Rare Book School. The quality Las editoras distinguen tres discursos que Editorial Assistant – 25.1 of the applications was such that we decided atraviesan la revista: el literario, el histórico Shalmi Barman to award every organisation a ‘SHARP New y el moral. Los números de La Mujer, a Jadavpur University Scholar Bursary’ for 2016, 2017, and 2018, to lo largo de los cinco tomos que Soledad cover course fees along with some contribution Acosta publicó, están compuestos por Review Editors to living expenses. These scholarships will be diecisiete secciones diferentes, en las que Books, Australasia/Pacific open only to SHARP members who are estos tres tipos de discurso se entretejen Susann Liebich, University of Heidelberg, graduate students, post-docs, junior faculty, y, en ocasiones, se legitiman a través de Germany adjunct professors, and those within 5 years traducciones que la autora comenta e Books, Europe of their last awarded degree in any discipline; incluso reescribe en algunas ocasiones. Los Christina Ionescu, Mount Allison University, preference will be given to applicants from tres estudios introductorios de las editoras Canada countries outside that of the host institution. serán el punto central de esta reseña. Books, Latin America I will be announcing the recipients of the El primero, “La educación femenina Clayton McCarl, University of North Florida, 2016 scholarships in the coming months. como proyecto político. Los artículos morales FL, USA en La Mujer”, de Azuvia Licón, señala que los Books, North America Ian Gadd artículos morales de Soledad Acosta pretenden Jeffrey Makala, Furman University, SC, USA [email protected] demostrar que la nación puede construirse Erin A. Smith, University of Texas at Dallas, solo a través de una buena educación TX, USA femenina. En los artículos se reconoce un Books, South Asia Book Reviews intento por demostrar que los roles de la Abhijit Gupta, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, mujer (madre, esposa e hija) necesitan de una India instrucción de calidad. Para Soledad Acosta Exhibitions Carmen Elisa Acosta, Carolina Alzate y la instrucción femenina será el primer paso Melanie Ramdarshan Bold, University College, Azuvia Licón, eds. La Mujer (1878 -1881) de en la reivindicación de la igualdad femenina. London Soledad Acosta de Samper (Periodismo, historia, El segundo artículo, “De la novela Digital Resources literatura). Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo, psicológica a la novela de costumbres. Molly Hardy, American Antiquarian Society, 2014. 845p. ISBN 9789586113151. El proyecto narrativo de Soledad Acosta MA, USA de Samper en La Mujer”, de Carolina El libro La Mujer (1878 – 1881) de Soledad Alzate, hace un recorrido por la producción Acosta de Samper, una antología, constituye un Bibliographer narrativa de la autora e identifica tres etapas importante aporte a los estudios de género que caracterizaremos de manera resumida. Cecile M. Jagodzinski y a los estudios literarios y periodísticos Independent scholar La primera sería la que ocurre en torno a colombianos del siglo XIX. Las editoras no Novelas y cuadros de la vida suramericana (1869): c centran la atención del volumen en solo uno las heroínas mueren en la enfermedad que de los géneros que hacen parte de la revista SHARP News [ISSN 1073-1725] is the quarterly ocasiona el amor no correspondido. En 1876, La Mujer sino que, cuidadosamente, incluyen con Una holandesa en América, la autora cerraría newsletter of the Society for the History of Author- artículos morales, relatos de viaje, novelas de ship, Reading and Publishing, Inc.. The Society takes un período narrativo: las heroínas sobreviven costumbres, curiosidades, noticias de Europa, al desamor y diseñan nuevos proyectos no responsibility for the views asserted in these estudios históricos sobre la mujer en la pages. Copyright of content rests with contribu- vitales en torno a ejes diferentes al amor. civilización – la primera incursión de Acosta Finalmente, en la novela Doña Jerónima (1878), tors; design copyright rests with the Society. Set en la historiografía –, traducciones, novelas in Adobe Garamond with Wingdings. de su revista La Mujer, las heroínas aprenden históricas y cuadros de costumbres, mezclados a amar de una manera distinta después de de la misma manera en que Soledad Acosta los superar el desamor y parecen situarse bajo SUBSCRIPTIONS: presentó en su revista. Las editoras entienden [email protected] una nueva tutela masculina. Alzate señala que la revista como un objeto narrativo en sí precisamente en Doña Jerónima Soledad Acosta COPY DEADLINES: mismo que debe verse en conjunto y por ello propone un modelo de comportamiento 1 March, 1 June, 1 September, 1 December deciden presentar un volumen que sea como más conservador acorde con el proyecto “un número extendido de la revista” (19). pedagógico que define en la revista. Contact La Mujer. Revista quincenal redactada El artículo de Carmen Elisa Acosta, Please see: exclusivamente por señoras y señoritas, primera titulado “La trilogía de las novelas históricas http://www.sharpweb.org/sharpnews/about/ publicación periódica de la autora fundada y el pasado frente al progreso”, es un estudio SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 3 de la trilogía de novelas históricas sobre la narratives, Costumbrismo novels, curiosities, Acosta de Samper’s narrative project in La independencia de Colombia que se incluyen news from Europe, studies on women in the Mujer). Alzate here reviews the narrative en este volumen (aparecidas en libro por history of civilization – Acosta de Samper’s production of the author and identifies primera vez) y que representan un intento de first delving into historiographical writing –, three periods. The first is that which centers la autora por instruir a su público femenino translations, historical novels, and vignettes of on the Novelas y cuadros de la vida suramericana a través del recuento de acontecimientos everyday life, mixed in the same way as Acosta (Novels and scenes of South American históricos determinantes y señalar además de Samper presented them in her magazine. life, 1869), in which the heroines die of el papel que jugaron las mujeres en dichas The editors understand La Mujer as a coherent illness occasioned by unrequited love. In gestas. En estas novelas encontramos, narrative object that should be examined in 1876, with Una holandesa en América (A nuevamente, un ejercicio pedagógico que its entirety, and for this reason have decided Dutch woman in America), the author busca facilitar, a través del carácter novelesco, to present the present volume as if it were initiated a new narrative period, as beginning una instrucción histórica. Soledad Acosta “a special issue” of the magazine itself (19). with this text, Acosta de Samper’s female parece esperar que las mujeres encuentren La Mujer. Revista quincenal redactada protagonists survive such disappointments, más amables las relaciones histórico- exclusivamente por señoras y señoritas was the first to design new life projects that do not revolve novelescas, favoreciendo así su lectura. periodical publication that Acosta de Samper around romantic concerns. Finally, with the Estos estudios introductorios permiten founded and directed, and she herself wrote novel Doña Jerónima (Lady Jerónima, 1878), observar que los discursos presentes en La almost all its content, as the number of her published in La Mujer, Acosta de Samper’s Mujer – el literario, el histórico y el moral collaborators declined as the publication heroines learn to love in a different way after – están diseñados siguiendo un proyecto advanced (The title translates as “The Woman: overcoming romantic disappointments, and pedagógico específico. Cada uno de ellos A biweekly magazine written entirely by ladies seem to situate themselves beneath a new es una parte fundamental en la instrucción and young women” – or more exactly, “by masculine tutelage. Alzate observes that de la mujer. Su revista, como ella misma married ladies and unwed young women”). in this way, Acosta de Samper proposes afirma, pretende recordarle a la mujer “que The publication responded to a desire to with Doña Jerónima a new model of more no ha nacido solamente para ser feliz sobre create a political and pedagogical project conservative behavior that aligns with the la tierra, sino para realizar muy altos fines directed at the women of the period. The pedagogical project that defines the magazine. de la Providencia” (Acosta, Prospecto 100). editors of the present volume identify three Carmen Elisa Acosta’s essay “La trilogía Entre las muchas virtudes de este libro discourses that run throughout the magazine: de las novelas históricas y el pasado frente al considero necesario destacar la cuidadosa those which are literary, historical and moral. progreso” (The trilogy of historical novels y argumentada selección de textos hecha The issues of La Mujer, throughout the five and the past confronted with progress) is por las editoras, sumada al riguroso trabajo volumes that Acosta de Samper published, a study of the trilogy of historical novels editorial que un volumen de tal envergadura comprise seventeen different sections, dealing with the Independence of Colombia, representa. Este libro logra hacer visible in which these three types of discourse which are published in book form for the el primer proyecto educativo para mujeres intertwine, and on occasion, legitimize each first time in the present volume. These novels en Colombia que, en forma de revista y other, through translations upon which represent an effort by the author to instruct valiéndose de diferentes discursos, nació de la Acosta de Samper commented, and which a feminine public through the retelling of segunda mitad del siglo XIX bajo la dirección she at times rewrote. The three introductory important historical events and to show the de la Señora Soledad Acosta de Samper. studies by the three editors of the volume role that women played in those events. In will be the central focus of this review. these novels we find, once again, a didactic Catalina Rodríguez The first is “La educación femenina como exercise which seeks to teach by novelistic Universidad de los Andes proyecto político. Los artículos morales means. Acosta de Samper seems to hope that en La Mujer” (Feminine education as a women will be attracted to these historical- Carmen Elisa Acosta, Carolina Alzate and political Project. The moral articles of La novelistic texts, thus promoting their reading. Azuvia Licón, eds. La Mujer (1878 -1881) de Mujer). In this essay, Licón points out that These introductory studies show that the Soledad Acosta de Samper (Periodismo, historia, the moral articles of Acosta de Samper literary, historical and moral discourses found literatura). Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo, attempt to demonstrate that the nation can in La Mujer are designed to follow a specific 2014. 845p. ISBN 9789586113151. be constructed only through the effective pedagogical plan, with each comprising a education of women. In the articles by fundamental part in the education of women. The anthology La Mujer (1878 – 1881) Acosta de Samper, Licón identifies an The magazine, as Acosta de Samper herself de Soledad Acosta de Samper represents an effort to show that the roles occupied affirms, attempts to remind the female important contribution to Gender Studies, by women (mother, wife and daughter) reader that “she has not been born only to as well as to the study of the literary and require quality instruction. For Acosta de be happy on this Earth, but rather to carry journalistic production in Colombia in the Samper, the education of women represented out the very high objectives of Providence” nineteenth century. The three editors of this the first step toward claiming equality. (Acosta de Samper, Prospecto 100). volume – Carmen Elisa Acosta, Carolina The second article is titled “De la nóvela Among the many virtues of this volume, Alzate and Azuvia Licón – do not focus psicológica a la novela de costumbres. El I consider it necessary to point out the the volume on only one of the genres proyecto narrativo de Soledad Acosta de editors’ careful and well justified selection that make up the periodical La Mujer, but Samper en La Mujer” (From the pyschological of texts, combined with the rigorous rather carefully include moral essays, travel novel to the novel of everyday life. Soledad editorial undertaking that such a vast volume SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 4 represents. This book gives visibility to the to his readers at various moments in history. Greg Barnhisel. Cold War Modernists: Art, first pedagogical project directed at women One of the important patterns emerging Literature, and American Cultural Diplomacy. in Colombia, an undertaking which arose in this book is the way in which Boccaccio’s New York: Columbia University Press, under the direction of Acosta de Samper in translators alternately follow paths of 2015. xii, 322p., ill. ISBN 9780231162302. the second half of the nineteenth century, abridgement and amplification. Armstrong US $40.00. drawing upon the magazine form and begins with the history of De casibus virorum employing a variety of discursive strategies. illustrium in its late-medieval context, and in the Cold War Modernists argues that modernist French translation by Laurent de Premierfait the affirmations of aesthetic freedom and Catalina Rodríguez amplifications are particularly interesting, being autonomy were appropriated by a variety Universidad de los Andes almost in the nature of glosses on geography of state agencies in the service of cultural English translation by Clayton McCarl and culture. Here and in John Lydgate’s well- diplomacy during the Cold War. With c known Fall of Princes (an English version of chapters focusing on painting, literature, Premierfait’s translation), Armstrong identifies journalism, and radio, Greg Barnhisel Guyda Armstrong. The English Boccaccio: A a tendency for the translation (the “target text”) comprehensively chronicles this process, History in Books. Toronto, ON: University of to become the focal point, and for the source showing how the more subversive and radical Toronto Press, 2013. xvi, 496p., with 16p. text to fade into the background, producing components of the interwar avant-garde were b&w plates. ISBN 9781442628779. CAD “translations that above all conform to the deliberately suppressed, making modernism $42.95 (paperback). expectations of the receiving culture” (93). safe for the ideological purpose it would This emphasis on readerly expectations informs serve as a potent weapon in the cultural Guyda Armstrong’s The English Boccaccio another of Armstrong’s fascinating examples: Cold War. As Barnhisel succinctly states is a splendid example of what can be done Henry Parker, Lord Morley’s 1543 partial in his introduction, “Cold War modernism with the biography of a text or, in this case, translation of the De claris mulieribus as “Of the redefined modernism as an affirmation of a corpus of texts. Tracing the history Ryghte Renoumyde Ladyes,” presented to Henry of Western bourgeois liberal values that of Boccaccio’s major and minor works as VIII – a “public event” and surprisingly a much were considered particularly integral in they have appeared in English, this book nearer translation than that of the medieval the American self-construction” (10-11). focuses on the material presentation of translators (but one which relies on its inclusions This introduction and the first chapter, editions of those works and, in a series of and paratexts to get its admonitions about “Freedom, Individualism, Modernism,” case studies ranging from the fifteenth to the moral female behaviour across to that king). present the major players – both individuals twentieth centuries, uses them to illuminate In the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth and state agencies – that deployed modernism the wonderful diversity of ways in which centuries, the expectations of the receiving in the service of cultural diplomacy, as well Boccaccio was received in English (and culture begin to take on other recognisable as the central ideologies they relied on to occasionally in and via other languages as well) patterns. In these centuries, Boccaccio is framed convince their audiences that modernism over a period of some five hundred years. variously in the paratexts and translational represented American values. Barnhisel The result is a rich and valuable book choices of these books as an object of introduces us to an impressive array that will be of interest not only to specialists antiquarian interest, as a titillating writer of of diplomats, bureaucrats, and cultural in Italian and English literature, but to romance (the various textual strategies adopted entrepreneurs, including Nelson Rockefeller, anyone interested in theories of translation, by editors with regard to bawdy stories like the Archibald MacLeish, Thornton Wilder, and authorship studies, and the reception last tales of the third and ninth days of the James Laughlin, who forged an alliance of medieval literature in later periods. Decameron are revealing), as a late-Victorian-era between modernist experimentation and It strikes an exemplary balance among sentimental courtly lover, and as an author American liberalism that became crucial three approaches: detailed bibliographical playing second fiddle to Dante and Chaucer to the ideological battle with the Soviet description of the particular copies examined in a developing field of English medieval Union for the hearts and minds of the by Armstrong (always conscientiously laid literary study that sought to organise its heroes European left. These figures worked across out, even when not all the details will be in hierarchies. Boccaccio even finds his niche a variety of powerful institutions, from relevant to her argument); meticulous analysis as an early nineteenth-century serial writer, the United States Information Agency of the processes by which each text was issued in parts by James Griffin in 1820-21. to the Museum of Modern Art to the translated and altered as it found its verbal Armstrong ends her study with the year 1930, Rockefeller Foundation, which integrated and material form in the English version; after the recovery of Boccaccio’s “minor works” modernism into their ideological agendas. and literary analysis of the ways in which in English, and notes that there is still plenty of At the core of these agendas were the these material and textual remediations of work to be done on the history of Boccaccio classically American values of freedom the subject matter might have impacted editions. This book, however, stands already as a and individuality, which were figured as how successive generations of historical very thorough account and as a model for future constitutive of modern art in the postwar era. readers understood Boccaccio the author scholarship on the reception, remediation, Barnhisel illustrates this thesis across a and his narrative. Armstrong always includes and translation of medieval authors and texts. series of media, starting with painting in helpful English literal translations of the chapter 2. As Serge Guilbaut established relevant Italian, Latin, French, and German Yuri Cowan with his groundbreaking How New York Stole passages that serve to make clear how Norwegian University of Science and Technology the Idea of Modern Art (1983), painting, and in diversely Boccaccio’s voice has sounded particular Abstract Expressionism, was central SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 5 to America’s emergent cultural diplomatic ways her book historicizes reading, writing, James L. Baughman, Jennifer Ratner- efforts in the immediate wake of World War and information overload, making reference Rosenhagen and James P. Danky, eds. Protest II. Barnhisel adds depth and perspective here, to Robert Darnton, Leah Price, Geoffrey on the Page: Essays on Print and the Culture of documenting the powerful public-private Nunberg, Ann Blair, and others. Adept at Dissent Since 1865. Madison, WI: University partnerships that were forged in the service gesturing toward the many complexities of her of Wisconsin Press, 2015. 278p., ill. ISBN of accommodating modernist painterly subject, Baron nonetheless accedes to popular 9780299302849. US $39.95. technique to American mainstream taste. discourse, which today distinguishes “print” Chapter 3 focuses on books, documenting the from “digital” reading materials primarily in Like the conference from which these degree to which literary modernism was more reference to the mass market codex and the papers were collected, Protest on the Page resistant to easy ideological appropriation handheld screen. Her book is a readable and brings together voices and perspectives that than painting. Chapters 4 and 5 examine two by all appearances teachable account of “the rarely converge. Indeed, the book features magazines, Encounter and Perspectives USA, debate” (xv), which seeks to “understand essays by more traditional book historians that were supported by the CIA through the the potential consequences of ” reading (scholars whose work focuses on questions Congress for Cultural Freedom and which more and more on screens everyday (153). of publishing, circulation, and/or the depoliticized modernism, transforming a Baron synthesizes the social science literature materiality of the book) alongside essays by series of radical movements into a series on reading and does a good job encapsulating scholars whose work is first and foremost of representative techniques. Finally, in statistics drawn from the NEA, the book concerned with the investigation of past chapter 6, Barnhisel turns to radio and and eBook trades, and elsewhere. She also and present social movements. The result the Voice of America which, he claims, conducted survey research of her own in 2010 is a compelling collection, which speaks to “closed the deal on Cold War modernism” and 2013, focusing on university students in book history’s expanding purview – its place by – somewhat ironically – reducing it to the United States, Germany, and Japan. These in disciplines with which it has long been an essentially middlebrow phenomenon. admittedly non-random samples (“largely drawn aligned (e.g., information studies, library Meticulously researched and elegantly from classes that my colleagues or I happened science, and literary studies), as well as other written, Cold War Modernists is an important to be teaching,” 81) help her to refine questions fields including political science, gender contribution to the discussion of cultural of preference in relation to the diverse functions studies, critical race studies, and sociology. diplomacy that was inaugurated by Frances of reading, noting the appeal of screen-based The 11 essays in this volume, which Stonor Saunders’ The Cultural Cold War reading when reading for pleasure, one-off only represent a small fraction of those (2000). Barnhisel convincingly establishes reading, reading in snatches, or reading in transit. presented during the three-day Protest on that a wide variety of individuals and agencies Like a good number of her subjects, Baron the Page conference (hosted by the University placed modern art in the service of cultural affirms the advantages of paper-based reading of Wisconsin’s Center for the History of diplomacy during this period. My principle when reading long, complex material that one Print and Digital Culture in September reservation concerns terminology: the needs to analyze, annotate, and remember, such 2012), are diverse, well-researched, and various aesthetic movements we now call as when reading for school. She worries that methodologically eclectic. While some “modernist” did not identify themselvesas the seductions of search and of multi-tasking essays focus on material concerns, such as such. Rather, the term “modernism” will lead to less productive reading habits as printing techniques and illustration methods, emerged afterward as a way of retrospectively more and more reading happens on screen. others focus on the content of specific understanding what they shared. Thus, Especially valuable is Baron’s comparative publications and - most notably – on how one can legitimately ask whether Cold War work on the print/screen alternatives, presented the circulation of texts (be they posters, modernism isn’t – simply – modernism. in chapter 9. Here she is concerned with reading pamphlets, or books) has historically helped as a culturally specific practice that is shaped by to support social movements of all kinds. Loren Glass – even as it helps to shape – relevant political and In “Spanish Language Anarchist University of Iowa economic conditions. The popular acceptance Periodicals,” Hispanic literature scholar c or rejection of eBooks in Europe, Africa, East Nicholas Kanellos explores the hitherto Asia, or North America cannot be understood unknown network of anarchist newspapers Naomi S. Baron. Words on Screen: The Fate of merely in reference to cultural differences, then. produced by Spanish-speaking immigrants Reading in a Digital World. Oxford: Oxford Market structures need to be accounted for, to the United States from the late University Press, 2015. vi, 304p. ISBN including things like price controls, taxation, nineteenth century to the 1930s. Trevor 9780199351765. US $24.95. intellectual property, and other regulations. It Joy Sangrey’s contribution, “Pamphlets of is a good reminder that questions about media Self-Determination: Dissident Literature, Book lovers have been worrying about are always also questions about socioeconomic Productive Fiction,” examines the overlap the fate of reading in an age of computers and sociotechnical conditions. In the end, between the Black Power movement and the since at least 1955, when the University of Baron sees a future for printed books, but she Communist Party USA while simultaneously Chicago Library School convened a future- is also willing to admit that “where you stand offering a powerful example of how the mere of-the-book conference under the shadow on the question of who wants eBooks really possession of so-called dangerous literature of cybernetics. In Words on Screen, Naomi does heavily depend upon where you sit” (188). has at times been constructed as grounds S. Baron’s worries reside in the present (ca. for the indictment of readers. Sangrey’s 2014), and she addresses a general audience. Lisa Gitelman essay also emphasizes the powerful ways in SHARP members will be gratified to see the New York University which protest literature has been used to put ... /6 SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 6

“productive fictions” into circulation as a – should slip so unobtrusively away. As readers ludicrously complicated late seventeenth- means to enable new ways of understanding of EMS will expect, each of the twelve essays century comedy adapted (perhaps by George the world and to “offer inspiration for social in this valedictory volume is characterised Digby, second earl of Bristol) from Lope change” (103). Other essays in the volume by precise and searching scholarship: is have de Vega, and the source for Shadwell’s focus on more recent histories of print. In been dotted and ts crossed – jottings on The Amorous Bigotte (1690). The volume “On/Off Our Backs,” for example, Joyce M. flyleaves transcribed, provenances tracked. is topped and tailed by manuscript lists. Latham traces the pivotal role two feminist Four articles cast fresh light on Rochester, Concluding with the regular saleroom report publications played in the so-called “sex wars” whose Works Love edited for Oxford in 1999. by A.S.G. Edwards, the issue begins with of the 1980s. Latham’s essay reveals the extent In a fascinating blend of speculation and two indispensable catalogues: a supplement to which these newspapers and magazines scholarship, Paul Davis uncovers the political to Peter Beal’s 1998 list of “Feathery were adopted as vehicles through which affiliations and transmissional and postal Scribe” manuscripts and Colin Tite’s richly- opposing sides of the “sex wars” were able to histories of hitherto unknown Rochester contextualised list of the manuscripts that voice their divergent perspectives and further separates in the University of Nottingham migrated in the early eighteenth century reminds readers of the extent to which Library. Paul Hammond considers previously from the Cotton manuscript collection second-wave feminism was supported by an uncollated witnesses from an early eighteenth- to Humfrey Wanley’s Harley library. active women-owned publishing movement. century miscellany in the Brotherton Collection Although this review has mentioned at Leeds, including an intriguing piece on Jonathan Gibson only three essays, these examples reveal “Man” which shuffles together extracts from The Open University the varied approaches to book history “Satyre against Reason and Mankind” with c and print culture studies presented in the verse by Oldsworth, Philips and Blackmore. collection. As the editors emphasize in their Nicholas Fisher introduces us to a recently Russ Castronovo. Propaganda 1776: Secrets, preface, however, The Center for the History discovered manuscript copy of Rochester Leaks, and Revolutionary Communications in of Print and Digital Culture’s “founding letters made for Edward Harley, second Early America. Oxford: Oxford University impulse was to break with traditional book earl of Oxford, which includes a previously Press, 2014, 247 p. ISBN 978-0-19-935490- history with its focus on aesthetics.” Protest unknown letter from the poet’s wife. New 0. $36.95 U.S. on the Page reflects the Center’s mandate allusions to Rochester, one involving violent to promote an approach to book history death, are unearthed by Hilton Kelliher. Propaganda 1776 adds considerably that addresses aesthetic questions and A nod is made to Love’s Attributing to scholarship on print culture and the the broader social and political issues Authorship (2002) by the inclusion of John American Revolution. What made printed underpinning the production, circulation, Burrows’s and Peter Anstey’s forensic texts revolutionary, Castronovo contends, and reception of printed and digital materials. investigation of the authorship of two was not their content, but their movement. medical manuscripts, texts in John Locke’s Texts moved through time, being adapted Kate Eichhorn hand that are sometimes attributed to to different genres and formats. They also The New School Thomas Sydenham. This is a challenging but moved across geographical spaces. As c rewarding read – rewarding not simply for the propaganda, they moved people to change authors’ nuanced conclusion about the texts’ their minds, sometimes even pushing them Peter Beal, ed. Discovering, Identifying and Editing authorship but also for their lucid account from thought to action. In five case studies, Early Modern Manuscripts. (English Manuscript of their methodology and its safeguards. Castronovo examines how key printed works Studies 1100-1700, vol. 18). London: The Equally brilliant is the highly concentrated were transmitted, circulated, received, and British Library, 2013. vi, 269p., ill. ISBN essay by Heather F. Windram, Christopher J. appropriated during the American Revolution. 9780712358934. £50.00 (hardback). Howe and Ruth Connolly on variant analysis, Building on recent works by Eve another of Love’s topics. In a case study Tavor Bannet, Konstantin Dierks, and The great Restoration scholar Harold Love on Herrick’s sack poems, Windram et al. Lindsay O’Neil, which have explored how (1937-2007) looks out quizzically at us from establish the value of phylogenetic computer epistolary networks helped to create the the frontispiece of this issue of Peter Beal’s programs as a complement to traditional First British Empire, Castronovo highlights invaluable English Manuscript Studies 1100-1700 stemmatics. A second article on attribution, how correspondence also unmade the (EMS). In front of him is a large folio volume by Alan H. Nelson, plausibly argues that the British Empire in North America. His first (print? manuscript?) whose pages are only notorious Elizabethan pamphlet Leicester’s chapter analyzes how the letters of several apparently blank – the unintended effect, Commonwealth was written by Robert Persons colonial governors were intercepted in presumably of the camera’s exposure settings. and its “Addition,” by Charles Arundell. London and leaked to the colonial press An image of absent presence is apt, for this Grace Ioppolo reports the discovery of (with some assistance from Benjamin number of EMS in Love’s memory is, we an early seventeenth-century manuscript play, Franklin). By making their transit from learn in passing towards the end, the journal’s The Destruction of Hierusalem (just possibly by private manuscripts to the public world “final volume” (253). It seems extraordinary Thomas Heywood), among the Clitherow of print and from the colonies to London that such an important publication – as central family papers at the London Metropolitan and back again, the stolen letters helped to the flourishing of manuscript studies in Archive. The discovery of another play, in a to shift power to colonial subjects. the past few decades as Love’s own Scribal University of Chicago Library manuscript, In her closet drama The Adulateur, Publication in Seventeenth-Century England (1993) is described by Robert D. Hume: Feniza, a Mercy Otis Warren represented Thomas ... /7 SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 7

... / 6 Hutchinson, one of the governors whose disseminate an anti-aristocratic and anti- at the White House. The rest of the book correspondence was exposed, as Rapatio, a hierarchical vision of the new republic. presents close readings of popular and “high” corrupt government functionary. Chapter Ultimately, Castronovo demonstrates literary texts: Alice Duer Miller’s regular two illustrates how that character originated that late eighteenth-century print culture column in the New York Tribune; Marianne in conversations and correspondence was a world in motion. His emphasis on Moore’s avant-garde modernist poetry; among the author, her husband, and John movement will help readers understand the fictional The Sturdy Oak; Edith Eaton’s and Abigail Adams. After Warren’s play how words on a page became instruments fiction, autobiography, and journalism; and was published, the press seized on the of revolution, transforming some colonial Gertrude Stein’s 1946 opera The Mother figure of “Rapatio,” repeating it often in subjects into revolutionary citizens. of Us All. This diverse grouping coheres varied formats like newspapers, pamphlets, because Chapman demonstrates how all and literary works. The stock character Michelle Orihel allowed women to challenge norms about became a popular “meme” of revolutionary Southern Utah University the speaking subject in political and literary literature and ruined the reputation of arenas. Quotation is one of the dominant a powerful colonial administrator. c tropes. Writers employed quotation to Secret correspondence retained its political Mary Chapman. Making Noise, Making News: expose the flawed logic of anti-suffragist usefulness into the new republic. Benjamin Suffrage Print Culture and U.S. Modernism. discourses and the gendered exclusions of Franklin Bache, Franklin’s grandson, turned Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. xi, the public sphere at the same time that they to the genre to oppose the Washington 288p., ill. ISBN 9780199988297. $65.00 / created new speaking positions for women. administration. As chapter four details, £42.00. Chapman frequently reminds us that the during the Revolutionary War, Loyalist public sphere – even in expanded form – propagandists fabricated letters purportedly In the late nineteenth and early twentieth treats different speakers differently. Chapter 6, from George Washington. These fake letters centuries, U.S. suffragists took advantage which explores Eaton’s writing as a “Chinese cast doubts on the general’s leadership of new technology and changing norms North American writer” (176), serves an and character. Nearly twenty years later, about the public sphere to make “noise” especially important purpose for this reason. Republican printer Bache re-published them to advocate for their cause. Making Noise, Yet, while it foregrounds the presence of in an attempt to discredit the Washington Making News is ambitious in scope, bringing women of color in U.S. suffragism, it places administration’s foreign and domestic policies. together an expansive and heterogeneous Eaton as an outlier. It is the only chapter While these three chapters illuminate range of primary sources – the bags that located on the west coast, and Chapman’s the theme of communication, secrecy, and suffragist newsies used when hawking analysis could have done more to place leaks, the two other case studies, though American Suffragette, the modernist poetry Eaton’s writing in conversation with the still valuable, do not quite fit into this of Marianne Moore, the silent speeches previously discussed texts and authors. For framework. Chapter three explores the women presented in storefront windows, the example, whereas Chapman describes Miller’s geography of empire embedded within collectively authored novel, The Sturdy Oak, citation practices as anticipating modernist printed texts. It focuses on the previously published serially in Collier’s Weekly in 1917. techniques, she does not similarly frame the overlooked references to the East India Taking readers through various texts quotations and dialogue in Eaton’s work. Company’s commercial monopoly and its suffragists created and drew upon to win Nonetheless, Chapman makes an depredations in India that appeared in the ratification of the nineteenth amendment, important contribution to the fields of press. By connecting two parts of Britain’s Chapman’s book tells two stories: one about literature, U.S. history, and print culture, expanding empire, revolutionary propaganda print culture and one about literature. Chapman and points to the need for more work offered a systematic critique of British astutely demonstrates that suffragists’ use of like Making Noise, Making News. Her deft colonialism, Castronovo argues persuasively. print culture challenged the “aristocratic, reading of suffragist texts highlights This global and imperial perspective individual, earnest male oratorical tradition” by the interdependence of aesthetics and counters the strong tendency of American articulating “a voice that was mass, collective, politics and suggests that we attend to this exceptionalism to focus only on the thirteen quotational, and sometimes ironic” (72). This relationship in other social movements. colonies that became the United States. voice reconfigured the political arena, effecting In chapter five, Castronovo examines the and reflecting an expanded public sphere and Agatha Beins relationship between poetry and “continuing new subjectivities for women. It also rewrote Texas Woman’s University revolution” in the works of Philip Freneau. literary history. Chapman argues that suffragist By the late 1790s, Freneau believed that poets poetry, fiction, and journalism anticipated the c were exalting a rising commercial class and aesthetics and rhetoric of literary modernism, the Federalist-dominated government. This challenging scholarship that posits modernism was evident, for instance, in the celebratory as a clean break from previous literature. verses for Washington’s birthday. Disturbed Each chapter is focused on a different by the emergence of “court” poetry, set of texts. Chapman begins with “noisy” Freneau appropriated the poetic form to interruptions in public spaces and then turns treat political subjects like Jay’s Treaty. At a to suffragists’ strategic use of silence – also time when prose was increasingly associated in public – analyzing different performances with politics, Freneau turned to poetry to such as tableaux and banners held by picketers SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 8

Matt Cohen and Jeffrey Glover, eds. Colonial of knowledge transfer” (64), Warkentin creole “Khipu semiosis” by studying how Mediascapes: Sensory Worlds of the Early Americas. decenters the codex as both the material and the Inca ruler Titu Cusi Yupanqui re- Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, analogical crux of textual studies. Drawing imagined the “graphic” elements of the 2014. 464p. ISBN 9780803232396. $70.00 on new theories about human cognition in historiographic text he co-authored with a (hardback). evolutionary biology, Warkentin argues that Spanish missionary, Instrucción del Inca (1571). communicative objects serve to transmit Colonial Mediascapes is rounded out with Conceptualizing the role of indigenous complex social knowledge (the stuff of two essays on colonial North American textualities in early American society has large scale human endeavors) rather than communication practices. Jeffrey Glover’s long troubled scholars. Are Mayan glyphs and “facts.” Seen from this vantage point, a wide comparative reading of French Jesuit and Haudenosaunee wampum belts “writing?” If swath of non-alphabetic things – wampum, New England Protestant missionary activities not, what do they have to do with colonial khipu, wolf calls, tattoos – become available demonstrates that there was much more to communication and cultural formation? to researchers, without the baggage of Native communication than the abstract The editors of Colonial Mediascapes believe alphabetic bias and rationalist preconceptions. “oral traditions” described in the received that this line of inquiry is simply a dead end. Each of the collection’s twelve essays histories. Native peoples employed writing, Based in unfounded “stadial notion[s] of touch on the array of issues that Warkentin’s print, and other settler technologies alongside media development,” such questions have challenge unleashes, pursuing the medial their own diplomatic and military traditions, merely diverted researchers from actual social nature of everything from frontier humor thus forming potent networks of power practices into abstract debates about orality (Gordon Sayre’s “Take My Scalp, Please”) to and influence beyond the paper record of and literacy, the nature of writing, and the human-wolf pack interactions (Jon Coleman’s alphabetic archives. Sarah Rivett’s essay meaning of non-alphabetic inscriptions. “Howls, Snarls, and Musket Shots”). Andrew examines early modern word-lists of Native Colonial Mediascapes seeks to explode the terms Newman, for example, takes on the false languages, tracing their foundational role in of the debate. By shunning definitions of analogies that have sidetracked colonial media the emergence of a U.S. language ideology “writing, textuality, or literacy” altogether, scholarship, asking why the “supralinguistic” that reached well into the nineteenth century. it gives voice instead “to some recent . must be “represented as writing.” Richard It is an effective coda to the collection as a . . evolutions of the conversation about Cullen Rath similarly discusses “the limits of whole, suggesting that there are important communications in colonial America” (2). analogy,” showing how treatments of wampum linkages between the settler colonialism of Chief among these evolutions has been have been overly obsessed with the visual, a earlier centuries and the nationalist projects the rise of comparative Ibero-American codex-derived analogy that erases the object’s of the later era. Even the most dyed-in- and Anglo-American colonial studies. A full “sonic” power—one of the most important wool traditionalist will find this collection quarter of the essays in this volume deal with elements in wampum exchange ceremonies. fascinating, and many others will no doubt Ibero-America and the book’s Introduction Other chapters work to expand the canon change their attitudes about what is or is relies a great deal on Latin American of colonial media. Heidi Bohaker makes the not “writing” – and, most importantly, theories about what Luz Vidal has called case for the inclusion of pictographs, clan- about whether such definitions really matter. “grafismo indigena,” those fertile non-book based notational practices, and mnemonic communicative objects and practices that objects, as long as they are situated in their Phillip H. Round have animated the work of Barbara Mundy, nation-specific local contexts, and indigenous University of Iowa Jose Cañizare-Esguega, Martin Leinhardt “ontological categories.” Several later essays c and others. Piggybacking on Walter Mignolo extend Bohaker’s ideas into explorations and Elizabeth Boone’s landmark Writing of Inca khipu (colored string and knot A. E. B. Coldiron. Printers Without Borders: without Words (1994), Cohen and Glover offer assemblages). Birgit Brander Rassmussen Translation and Textuality in the Renaissance. histories of writing without books. Seeking considers Guyman Poma de Ayala’s El Primer Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, to revivify Anglo-American colonial studies Nueva Cronica (1615) less as a codex than “a 2015. xvi, 350p., ill. ISBN 9781107073173. through the paralinguistic, the “other-than- methodological entry point” that exploits £65 / US $99 (hardback). text,” they group the volume’s essays into its own inherent intercultural tensions and three non-text-centered thematic sections: intertextual dialog in order to reproduce The first English printed book, the “beyond textual media,” “sensory worlds,” the “complimentary duality” that governed Recuyell of the Hystoryes of Troye, was translated and the “transatlantic.” Arguing that North the pre-contact Inca worldview. Galen by William Caxton and printed by him in American scholars have lagged behind their Brokaw similarly exposes the epistemological Bruges in 1473. A French romance about the Latin Americanist counterparts, Cohen and complexity of khipu by demonstrating that mythic origins of Rome and its civilisation, Glover put the two camps into conversation the Quechua word for writing (quilca) was written by Raoul Lefèvre, Chaplain to Philip in an effort jump-start the broader use both a semiotic and aesthetic concept. Moving III, Duke of Burgundy, and dedicated to of more innovative methodologies. from writing on paper to Inca ceramic and Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy, printed by Mediascapes opens with Germain textile decoration, Brokaw’s remarkable a bilingual Englishman using “continental Warkentin’s robust manifesto, “Dead study establishes the interpenetration of technology, typefaces, paper, and book Metaphor or Working Model?,” which signification and social practice in the quilca design” (1), Caxton’s Recuyell demonstrates aims “to defamiliarize the Eurocentric concept, dismantling false analogies that the porosity and flexibility of all types of concept of the book with a vengeance” equate quilca and the European codex. borders in the early modern period. A. (67). By redefining her subject as “objects Finally, Ralph Bauer exposes an emergent E. B. Coldiron’s distinguished book helps ... /9 SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 9 us understand the complex relationships Bèze, and macaronic or plurilingual verse. the inclination both to value translating and between multilingual texts and the medium In these works, the “multilingual mis-en-page” adapting classical learning for present use, and of print, especially in the sixteenth century, (175) encourages readers to see each linguistic to be aware of the slippery task of transferring when vernacular languages were consolidated version as equal yet distinct. In the Armada a textual logos from one language to another. as means by which both national identities broadside, each poem follows generic and Collette next turns to contemporaneous and eternal truths could be expressed. Her prosodic rules for a ‘national’ form; what (and near contemporaneous) retellings of focus in particular is on “Englished” works binds the poems together is Protestantism the nine extant narratives in Chaucer’s Legend in the context of polyglot European literary, and its resistance to Catholicism (234). featuring Cleopatra, Thisbe, Dido, Hypsipyle, linguistic and bibliographic practices, but For those of us interested in the material Medea, Ariadne, Philomela, Phyllis and her capacity to work in several European histories of language and linguistic structures Hypermnestra: Boccaccio’s Amorosa visione vernaculars and Latin makes the book what in the early modern period, Coldiron’s (1342–43), De mulieribus claris (1361–62), it is: an extraordinary example of historical book is invaluable, as it shows how deeply Machaut’s Jugement du roi de Navarre (c. 1349), comparative literature that foregrounds the entwined translation and technology were. Gower’s Confessio Amantis (c. 1380s–90s) and material histories of the texts in question. In addition, it is rich in insights about the Christine de Pizan’s Cité des dames (c. 1405). Printers Without Borders is organised ways in which linguistic diversity defined From them we learn how late medieval around three types of translation, and uses the cultures of early modern Europe. authors compiled and shaped exemplary evidence from ten case studies of texts stories for new and specific purposes. produced between 1473 (Caxton’s Recuyell) Katherine Acheson In retelling these stories, Chaucer drew and 1588 (an eight-language, Armada-themed University of Waterloo on the social and moral concerns articulated poetical broadside) to prick out its argument. c in Aristotle’s widely circulated Ethics. Two Coldiron’s first category is defined by concerns in particular – locating a mean texts that follow a pattern of what she Carolyn P. Collette. Rethinking Chaucer’s between extremes and creating an equitable calls “catenary transmission,” a series of Legend of Good Women. Rochester, NY & exchange within unequal social relationships translations in which individual items redact, Cambridge, UK: York Medieval Press, 2014. – infuse Chaucer’s narratives. With recourse expand or restore previous versions (20–2). xii, 172p. ISBN 9781903153499. £50 / US to a lexicon developed by Nicole Oresme’s Coldiron’s examples of this pattern include the $90 (hardback). French translation of the Ethics, Chaucer Recuyell, which engages simultaneously “with focuses on how and why relationships the Roman-classical and the Burgundian- Prompted by postmodernism’s concern collapse when those balances are missing. medieval past” (43) linguistically and with fragments and collocations, scholars Building on previous scholars’ arguments materially. The combination of black letter have lately reconsidered many medieval about the coherence of Chaucer’s literary and Roman type and the reuse of older visual manuscripts and texts once dismissed as corpus, Collette demonstrates that these ethical elements and illustrations in new versions fragmentary or disjointed assemblages. concerns in the Legend also shape thematic create geographical and temporal hybridity. Carolyn P. Collette’s reassessment of tropes in Troilus and Criseyde. Both poems The second category is “radiant Chaucer’s Legend of Good Women (c. 1386) developed from a fascination with the narrative transmission,” which is used to describe examines a text that is both fragmentary (only consequences of desire, exchange and loss – a translations that appear in several linguistic nine of the apparently envisioned twenty-five trio cogently located in the story of Troy, which communities at the same time. While tales remain) and a disjointed assemblage is the backdrop for Troilus and variously colours catenary translation can bolster or sustain (multiple perspectives seem to undermine each of the Legend’s tales. Both are saturated with national identity, radiant productions are any unity projected by the epithet “good Trojan tropes: animal predation; lovesickness aimed at multiple linguistic markets at the women”). Rather than celebrating the Legend and its destabilizing force; protective walls same time. The central example in this as a fragmented collection, however, Collette easily breached; and water’s destructive force. section is the Quadrins historiques de la Bible, resituates the tales in multiple contexts. In Unlike Troilus, though, the Legend seems to be a “book of selected Old Testament scenes doing so, she implicitly argues for the Legend’s “moving toward a humanist interest in the with accompanying short poems” (107), overarching unity and explicitly argues for ultimate worldly benefit of virtues” (136). translated into French, Italian, Spanish, its significance in Chaucer’s canon of works. And it is this humanist interest that ties Dutch, German and English in 1553, and into The first context in which she installs the the Legend to The Canterbury Tales, presaging Latin in 1558 (all printed in Lyon). While the Legend’s tales is England’s nascent humanist Chaucer’s turn away from the tragic and toward simultaneous printing of multiple translations bibliophilia associated with the royal household. the comic with its focus on the individual. enabled readers across Europe access to A feature of early humanist learning in Three of Chaucer’s female Canterbury the same general content, each translation Italy and subsequently transported to the characters – the Wife of Bath, Griselda and performed specific functions for its audience. French courts of Charles V, the love of Dorigen – achieve the ethical balance in Coldiron uses the term “compressed books appears most acutely in the Philobiblon desires and in exchange advocated by Aristotle. translation” to refer to instances in which by Richard de Bury, a member of Edward Seen from this perspective, the Legend is less several translations are brought together in III’s household and an active figure within a isolated and more central to understanding one printed object. Examples of these include group of scholars and theologians including Chaucer’s developing poetic imagination. John Wolfe’s trilingual (Italian, French, Walter Burley, Richard FitzRalph, Thomas English) Courtier (1588), an octolingual Bradwardine and Robert Holcot. From men Candace Barrington Armada broadside (1588) by Théodore de such as these, Chaucer would have inherited Central Connecticut State University SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 10

Colette Colligan. A Publisher’s Paradise: histories of three texts: firstly, the “hard- studies. The collection also has the potential Expatriate Literary Culture in Paris, 1890- to-classify” (187) Suburban Souls (1901); to extend collaboration between scholars 1960. Amherst: University of Massachusetts then Teleny (1893), a homoerotic work working from the French school of genetic Press, 2014. 376p., ill. ISBN 9781625340375 sometimes attributed to Oscar Wilde; and criticism and textual critics working from an (hardback); 9781625340382 (paperback). US finally Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (1955). All Anglo-American framework. Briefly, genetic $80.00 (hardback); 28.95 (paperback). three circulated through the same networks, criticism focuses on tracing the creative and this allows Colligan to illuminate the origins of texts, while Anglo-American Colette Colligan’s A Publisher’s Paradise meaning of the Paris Editions brand and textual scholarship is concerned with traces the history of Paris as a “secret to show the substantial changes in book texts themselves. Cottenet acknowledges publishing haven” (5), and the Continental censorship and distribution during this period. that these scholarly perspectives differ in attitudes toward literary culture that allowed Colligan’s book uses a range of archival their approaches to analyzing texts, but in publication of texts that censors in Britain sources to connect the underground and her translation of Jacques Neefs’s 1995 and the United States found indecent. While elite markets for books in the twentieth article, she cogently notes that “[genetic she touches on some of the most famous century, showing the debt that modernism criticism and print culture] both strive for examples (The Picture of Dorian Gray and owes to seemingly marginal figures like a ‘general interpretation of the conditions Ulysses among others), she situates those Carrington. Her decision to separate the of possibility of existence and circulation works within a larger network of more sections on enforcement, business, and the of the works’” (10). Although, as Cottenet mundane “sex” books created by and books themselves may reflect the difficulty explains, Leon Jackson’s observation distributed through these Parisian networks. of tracing these networks and/or the about the absence of common processes This focus on the much more ordinary, day- discontinuous nature of these networks in grounded in the theoretical frameworks of to-day elements of the expatriate publishing practice. However, it also frustrates a desire book history and ethnic studies remains business makes this text a fascinating read. to understand more completely how a text like significant (13), the essays in this volume It suggests that the publishers behind “Paris Suburban Souls fit into Carrington’s business offer fruitful possibilities for putting these Editions” or texts labeled “Published in plans or how Teleny’s authorship related more approaches into conversation with each other. Paris” created a brand for sexually explicit, directly to the British censorship regimes. The first part, focusing on historiography, extra-national texts with various different Nonetheless, this book begins to explore features essays by Claire Parfait and Cheryl purposes that appealed to a wide range of many of these relationships and suggests that Knott. In “Early African American literary and cultural tastes. Collligan’s careful – at least in some cases – Robert Darnton’s Historians,” Parfait engages in archival research into the business behind these “sex celebrated “communications circuit” was research to recover the contributions of books” complicates any simple understanding quite incomplete and disjointed in practice. William Cooper Nell, whose work as a of taste or of the ways national borders historian had fallen into obscurity. Cheryl defined the business of literature in the late Catherine Turner Knott, in “The Publication and Reception nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. University of Pennsylvania of The Southern Negro and The Public Library,” The book is divided into three sections considers the impact of Eliza Atkins Gleason’s to resist “a neat, grand historical narrative” c study of southern libraries during the Jim in favor of a structure that reflects the Crow era. Parfait and Knott demonstrate “broken and discontinuous nature” of the Cécile Cottenet, ed. Race, Ethnicity and Publishing the ways archival and library science research pornographic book trade (11). In the first in America. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, offer greater understanding of publication section, Colligan examines the legal apparatus 2014. xiv, 264p., ill. ISBN 9781137390516. networks during the nineteenth and twentieth that the British government developed to US $85.00. centuries. In the second part, “Bilingualism control the circulation of sexually explicit and Ethnic Identity,” Manuel Brito and Peggy works. She explores how that censorship In Race, Ethnicity and Publishing in America, Pacini analyze how writers’ linguistic choices shaped the businesses themselves and the a collection of essays organized thematically affect how they are perceived, labeled, and resulting cultural anxieties about what the and chronologically, Cécile Cottenet brings marketed. Specifically, in “Widening the state could read, control, and censor. In together an eclectic array of scholarly research Paradigm of American Literature,” Brito the second section, she focuses both on an analyzing the political and social implications examines the ways in which universities and individual publisher (Charles Carrington) and of print culture on ethnic and racial groups. other institutions have strengthened ethnic on several different networks of publishers As Cottenet suggests in the introduction, publishing and increased the circulation of (including those around Sylvia Beach and much work remains in understanding the works by Hispanic writers. Peggy Pacini’s Jack Kahane) who created this extra-national “cross-pollination” of ethnic studies and the essay, “Franco-American Writers,” suggests cultural marketplace. She speculates on the history of the book. However, as these essays that labels such as “Francophone” and motivations of expatriate publishers and point out, the interdisciplinary focus of book “Franco-American” may marginalize writers booksellers and blurs the lines between history has a critical role to play in recovering who are confronted with publishers’ and those interested in modernism and those and furthering ethnic studies. Following in the readers’ preconceived notions. In the simply publishing sexually explicit works footsteps of Print Culture in a Diverse America third section, “Challenging Stereotypes: A for profit, showing that there were no (1998), edited by Wayne Wiegand and John P. Gendered Perspective,” Claudine Raynaud clear divisions between them. In the third Danky, these essays further the conversation and Matilde Martín González analyze the section, Colligan describes the publication between experts in textual studies and ethnic ways writers have addressed stereotypical ... / 11 SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 11 views of white publishers. In particular, terms. Some readers might wonder whether Maura D’Amore. Suburban Plots: Men at Home Raynaud’s essay, “Reacting to the White such a determinedly externalist account of in Nineteenth-Century American Print Culture. Publishing World,” explicates Zora Neale the magazine can provide sufficient analysis; Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, Hurston’s groundbreaking piece, “What however, for me what the book does is 2014. 208p., ill. ISBN 9781625340955. US White Publishers Won’t Publish.” Martín make clear how satisfied we have been with $22.95 González, in “Beyond Mainstream Presses,” studies that relegate printers, publishers, shows that ethnic presses changed their and distributors to the background, care D’Amore reads an intriguing group of texts approaches to publishing based on the little about finance, and see what goes on in in a variety of genres by male authors (both shifting political climate at the national boardrooms as separate from what happens well-known and obscure) that promulgated and local levels. As the title of the final on the page. While this study offers a full and responded to the development of section suggests, “Re-visiting the Canon” analysis of the industry, its real contribution suburbs in the nineteenth-century United offers another look at topics discussed is that, after reading it, one can no longer States. In nineteenth-century literary, cultural, in previous sections: John K. Young’s be satisfied with accounts that ignore the and book history, domesticity is a key “The Roots of Cane,” Laurence Cossu- business case for particular magazines, or that term associated almost exclusively with Beaumont’s “Popular Book Clubs,” and Max pay insufficient attention to the way revenues women, but D’Amore convincingly argues Cavitch’s “The Poetry of Phyllis Wheatley.” stack up against the costs of production. for a multivalent masculine engagement Revolutions from Grub Street will be required with suburban domesticity, engagement Cecilia Bonnor reading for those interested in any aspect of enabled by the fact that the suburbs were a University of Houston magazine publishing in Britain. As a book, liminal space between city and country. For c though, it can be a little frustrating. The D’Amore, Henry David Thoreau’s Walden is organization is broadly chronological, but a “domestic meditation” on “the art of living Howard Cox and Simon Mowatt. Revolutions chapter titles have been chosen thematically well” on the edge of Concord, an accessible from Grub Street: A History of Magazine Publishing rather than as labels for periods of time. suburb of Boston. She reads Henry Ward in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, While this adds an analytical dimension to the Beecher’s advice books collecting periodical 2014. xii, 276p. ISBN 9780199601639. £37.50 account, as the authors pick out key themes essays as pushing against the strict domestic / US $58.00 (hardback). from the period under discussion, the chapters order advocated in advice manuals by women themselves are not written in a way that makes (including his sisters Catherine Beecher Covering magazine publishing from Grub the argument. So, chapter 4 is entitled “The and Harriet Beecher Stowe) and offering Street until the recent past, Howard Cox and Dominant Female,” but women, whether instead a vision of suburban pleasure (he Simon Mowatt have produced a magisterial journalists or readers, do not appear for the held a pulpit in Brooklyn, a developing account of the industry. Throughout this first 10 pages. The book is also curiously suburb of Manhattan). D’Amore traces the study, the focus is on consumer magazines repetitive, with key pieces of information transformation of Donald Grant Mitchell and the publishing companies that bring presented repeatedly as if for the first time. (“Ik Marvell”) from a bachelor dreaming them to market. The result is a book that Finally, the afterword should really be the about family in his autobiographical Reveries manages to weave together the various introduction. This book is pioneering stuff, of a Bachelor to the married man inhabiting technical innovations, magazine launches, but leaving the explanation of its methods and “Edgewood,” a suburban residence that labour disputes, and corporate takeovers scope until the end plays down its significance. inspired him to invent the genre of “country into an enthralling narrative that takes That said, Revolutions from Grub Street remains an books.” Using Nathaniel Hawthorne’s readers from the small print shops and important – perhaps even paradigm-shifting – experiences at Brook Farm and his jobbing journalists of the hand-press era contribution to the field. It makes clear both novelization of these experiences in The right up to the emergence of the iPad. Well- how much more there is to learn about the Blithedale Romance as an interpretive lens, researched and packed with insight, the book press and what there is to gain from a fuller, D’Amore draws out intriguing connections casts new light on the magazine by shifting interdisciplinary examination of its products. between the development of Fourierist attention from its pages and considering, utopian communities (strategically placed instead, the broader business of publishing. James Mussell outside cities but within reach of them This important book lays bare the current University of Leeds as markets for their agricultural goods) methodological biases that dominate in and suburban communities whose ideas studies of magazines (and periodicals more c and styles of organization they inspired. broadly). By approaching magazine publishing Like Mitchell, N.P. Willis wrote suburban as a business, Cox and Mowatt are able to do sketches collected into country books, but justice to those aspects of publishing that he also edited a periodical, The Home Journal, are, at best, mentioned as an aside before which Willis “encouraged readers to think scholars get down to analysing the text. While of as a suburban community in print” the authors do consider matters such as (120). D’Amore also analyzes the ways that format and layout, and situate rival magazines Frederic Cozzens and Robert Barry Coffin alongside one another in the market, there are used humor to cultivate eccentricity in their few mentions of individual journalists here fictionalized memoirs of relocation to the and content is only discussed in the broadest suburbs. Her epilogue links the TV series SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 12

Mad Men and William Dean Howells’ Suburban Catherine Delafield. Serialization and the Novel shape reception? Direct evidence may Sketches as evocations of suburban nostalgia. in Mid-Victorian Magazines. Farnham, UK & be lacking with respect to this last point; Suburban Plots is part of the series “Studies Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2015. x, 214p., ill. however, it should be raised to counter the in Print Culture and the History of the ISBN 9781472450906. £60 (hardback). notion that meaning is inherent in texts. Book.” I suspect members of SHARP might Despite these objections, Serialization and find Suburban Plots an exemplary work of In Serialization and the Novel in Mid- the Novel is a stimulating book that will interest literary and cultural history, but be puzzled Victorian Magazines, Catherine Delafield scholars of the Victorian novel and periodical by its inclusion in this series. D’Amore reads Victorian novels in their original studies in nineteenth-century Britain. It repeatedly invokes the phrase “print culture” context as serialized novels. The novels is clearly written and well organized with (including in her title) and argues for a striking and periodicals addressed are: Elizabeth subheadings making it easy to locate sections synergy between the growth of print and Gaskell’s Cranford (Household Words, 1851–53); on particular subjects. Moreover, the many the development of suburbs. However, she Anthony Trollope’s Framley Parsonage (Cornhill illustrations add considerably to the reading does not frame her analysis through broader Magazine, 1860–61); Dinah Craik’s Mistress experience, and the appendices will prove theoretical debates about how print culture and Maid (Good Words, 1862); and Wilkie useful to researchers. Most importantly, the functions. She makes claims about readers, but Collins’s The Moonstone (All the Year Round, rigorous scholarship sustained throughout deduces their desires and responses primarily 1868) and Poor Miss Finch (Cassell’s Magazine, all six chapters generates new knowledge through an author’s (printed) words. The book 1871–72). Delafield argues throughout of the history of the Victorian novel. features many illustrations from nineteenth- that a novel in volume form has been The greatest impact of the book may well century texts, including architectural plans separated from the pattern of consumption be with respect to teaching of the British and engravings of suburban cottages, but and reception presented by the serial. novel. Alongside recent monographs that D’Amore does not analyze the technological The book is composed of case studies investigate the complexities of the mixed- constraints and innovations behind the that address “the influence of the material format periodical, Delafield’s combination of production of such images. She refers to conditions of production and reception, intertextual analysis and print history makes it the growth of print networks, but does not illustrating the collective and collaborative possible to teach the novel differently – that is, document the circulation of texts through creation of the novel and of the periodical” with a greater focus on material cultures and particular networks. She refers to sales (2–3). In Chapter 1, Delafield provides reading practices. As a scholarly monograph, numbers of books and quotes in passing background to the serialization of the novel it may not be suitable as an assigned text from some authors’ letters to publishers, but within the nineteenth-century periodical, in all courses, but the descriptions of early does not reconstruct or analyze publishing followed by an overview of the novels and serialization and afterlives open the door to histories. D’Amore’s recovery of a particular magazines addressed in the book and a broader discussions of what Alec McHoul mode of authorship practiced by men discussion of the periodical context for the calls “meaning-as-use” (Semiotic Investigations, who depicted themselves (or fictionalized serial. Chapters 2–4 take up specific aspects of 1996). Similarly, the case study approach versions of themselves) in texts depicting authorship, editing, and the periodical. Chapter points to the usefulness of incorporating male domesticity in emerging suburban 5 examines collaboration and intertextuality as comparative studies of print history into spaces will be of interest to book historians. well as layout and illustrations in an analysis course syllabi. This, in turn, would help Nevertheless, this recovery is also largely of the progression of the serialized novel. teachers to move further from textual analysis textual, the recovery of a figure of authorship Finally, Delafield’s discussion of the afterlives to a book history approach that values reading circulating in particular kinds of texts. of the serialized novel in chapter 6 develops practices as much as production processes. a comparison of the volume editions of Melissa J. Homestead both the core novels and the periodicals David Buchanan University of Nebraska-Lincoln with their original serialized versions. University of Alberta Delafield’s primary focus on production c c raises questions about historicity, selection, and reception. Her close reading of the Laura Estill. Dramatic Extracts in Seventeenth- intertextuality of serial production is Century English Manuscripts: Watching, Reading, exemplary, but it brackets out historical context Changing Plays. Newark, DE: University of in some respects. Besides collaboration, for Delaware Press, 2015. xxviii, 260p., ill. ISBN example, what other historical factors might 9781611495140. US $80 (hardback). have contributed to the development of the “timed and temporal existence” (182) of a Tracing the course of dramatic extracting serialized novel? The selection of middle- from 1590 to the turn of the eighteenth class novels serialized in family periodicals century, Laura Estill’s Dramatic Extracts in addresses a literary circle particular to Seventeenth-Century English Manuscripts presents Victorian scholarship. But what about other numerous new and original arguments relevant types of novels and periodicals? The focus to historical manuscript and play scholarship. on authorship, publishing, and editing seems It is an essential read for all scholars of to locate the creation of meaning in acts of Shakespearian and Restoration drama, and production. But how did the act of reading of early scribal and print cultures of England. SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 13

In her introduction, Estill positions the a language of the past. Estill seems to be rights and quite determined in their intention study of theatrical extracts and excerpts saying that if plays were conceived as a sum to take control of the publishing process of in relation to abridgements, adaptations, of parts (cum Stern), their passages really their own work, from the creation of the text and fragments, thus securing concrete ought to be studied through their organic to its printing and commercialisation. When terminology for the study of dramatic growth towards or away from a particular the crown recognised the right of authors ‘extracts’ and ‘excerpts’ as a corollary to print or manuscript state. If this is so, the over their work with the decrees of 1777 and the study of dramatic ‘patches’ and ‘parts’ severed ‘passage’ rather than the holistic 1778, these authors seized the opportunity conceptualised by Tiffany Stern. Then, ‘play’ becomes the new object of study afforded by the new laws to exploit the drawing on a background of research and Estill’s examination of these selective full possibilities of the privilège d’auteur, that is almost unfathomable to conceive bodies of extracts – how they were “altered, seeking to acquire a level of professional – the book has some 716 notes – Estill appropriated, and most importantly, used” and financial autonomy hitherto unknown. proceeds to outline the origins of dramatic (xvii) – lays the groundwork for a new method Directed primarily against the power extracting in classical texts, relating this to of studying and editing early modern texts. of publishers and booksellers, the claims the emergence of the middle ages florilegia and practices of self-publishing point to a of the church fathers; the typographic Joshua J. McEvilla unique conception of authorship that, as conventions for signalling sententiae; and Independent scholar Felton argues, emphasises the superiority of systems of knowledge organisation, c the author over the publisher while at the classification, and learning (chapter 1). same time placing him/her at the centre of Some of the book’s more tantalising Marie-Claude Felton, with a preface by Roger the editorial and publishing process. With arguments include a refocusing of attention Chartier. Maîtres de leurs ouvrages: l’édition à this conception of authorship a radical on excerpting from Elizabethan and Stuart compte d’auteur à Paris au XVIIIe siècle. Oxford: understanding of literary property also masques and entertainments (chapter 2); the Voltaire Foundation, 2014. xxii, 306p., ill. develops, which views literary property as implied nostalgia for performance among ISBN 9780729410816. £65 / €85 / US $115 inalienable and, therefore, as essentially dramatic extracts surfacing in print during (paperback). different from other forms of property. the Interregnum and Commonwealth, The richly documented chapters of Felton’s when Parliamentary ordinances put on hold In the last decade, significant advances have book describe in great detail the significantly lawful performance of plays (chapter 3); the been made in the history of the emergence of diverse socio-economic profile of self- evident decision of Restoration readers to the modern author by measuring the discourse published authors and the various aspects quote from pre-regicide plays, despite the of authorial emancipation against the actual of their deeply personal and financial rich new literary culture beginning to form transformations of the material culture of involvement with the material process around the court of Charles II (chapter writing and publishing in the eighteenth of editing and publishing, as well as the 4); the circulation of dramatic excerpts century. Studies of the rhetoric of autonomy material traits of autonomously published separated from their theatrical provenance, deployed by eighteenth-century authors have editions. From these analyses emerges a as captured in the prolific transcription shown that these claims did not mirror a new vivid picture of the self-published author efforts of the famed nonjuring Archbishop professional reality as much as they were about that substantiates Felton’s main point in this of Canterbury, William Sancroft (chapter projecting a new kind of intellectual identity study: namely, that eighteenth-century self- 5); and the curious overlapping of literary defined by values of sincerity and dedication publishing signals the development of a new commonplace, theatrical commonplace, opposed to those of polite society. In the authorial practice that unites harmoniously and proverbial expression through modern, complex literary field ofAncien Regime France, authorial and mercantile identities. Shakespeare-centric approaches towards the writers’ claim for social independence This is the first in-depth study of drama (chapter 6). Within these sections, and professional autonomy was indeed eighteenth-century self-publishing. With its Estill remains true to the body of research often strikingly at odds with their actual elegant prose and its stimulating analyses documents at hand, never letting barriers desire and practice of seeking integration of previously ignored sources, Maîtres de of access to physical material evidence at a into the networks of elite patronage. leurs ouvrages makes a convincing case for distance impede the progress of her research: In her cogent study of self-publishing in the centrality of autonomous publishing it is hard to imagine all the planning and eighteenth-century Paris, Marie-Claude Felton in the construction of authorial modernity, detail-checking that Estill must have done revisits this discrepancy between the discourse and represents a significant contribution to to bring together seamlessly analysis of and the practice of authorship by focusing on our understanding of its complex history. so many handwritten excerpt-miscellanies. the case of some 300 authors who, between Most interesting, though, is the book’s 1750 and 1791 in Paris, turned to autonomous Lorraine Piroux timely discussion of John Cotgrave’s The publishing in order to make a living from Rutgers University English Treasury of Wit and Language, the first the commercialisation of their work. She c printed commonplace volume devoted solely demonstrates that these were writers for to extracts of early modern plays. In her whom arguing in favour of authors’ rights treatment of English Treasury in chapter 2, was not, in fact, mere rhetoric. Like Luneau Estill effectively demonstrates the polyvocal de Boisjermain who stands as an exemplary qualities and abilities of isolated extracts to figure in Felton’s study, self-published authors speak to different generations of interpreters were quite sincere in their claim for authors’ SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 14

Arthur Freeman. Bibliotheca Fictiva: A Collection sometime dupe and patron Horace Walpole and longer contribution by Marvin J. Heller, of Books & Manuscripts Relating to Literary and a 1796 playbill for the single, ill-fated who has done much to inform readers of the Forgery 400 BC–AD 2000. London: Bernard performance of Ireland’s faux-Shakespeare Jahrbuch on Hebrew bibliography, considers Quaritch Ltd, 2014. xvi, 424p., ill. ISBN play Vortigern. But perhaps Bibliotheca Fictiva’s Leon Modena’s Sur-me-Ra, a dialogue between 9780956301284. £60 (hardback). greatest strength is its application of coherent two friends for and against gambling. First categorical method to disparate forms of printed anonymously in Venice in 1595, An immense and fascinating compendium fakery, for it organises many types of textual the work was reprinted several times in the of literary frauds and spuriosities covering fraud. We find, for example, historical following centuries, sometimes in translation. more than two millennia, Bibliotheca Fictiva can inventions, classical “discoveries,” religious Despite rabbinic opposition to gambling best be described as a Borgesian encyclopaedia frauds, antiquarian recoveries, travel fantasies it seems to have been not only widespread of fakes. It speaks not only to a love of and scholarly spuriosities, in addition to texts but socially acceptable among Italian Jews. bookish hoaxes and mysteries, but also to that are simply not the work of their putative It is interesting that Modena later became a the wide-ranging narratives of deceit and authors. Most inspiringly, this catalogue compulsive gambler. Among the later editions exposure that surround them. The collection, represents a living “collection in progress” mentioned by Heller are a reprint at Prague which is now housed at the Johns Hopkins (xv), one that can only expand with a growing (1615), an edition in Hebrew and Latin at University, includes some 1,600+ items field of scholarly inquiry. That said, one has Wittenberg (1665), another bilingual edition, representing decades of collecting enthusiasm to wonder if every entry in a bibliography of in Hebrew and German, at Leipzig (1683), on the part of Arthur and Janet Ing Freeman. forgeries is precisely what it purports to be. and yet another bilingual edition, this time in As the informative Preface tells us, The collection is limited to Western Hebrew and Yiddish, at Amsterdam (1698). this collection began with an interest in cultures (the rich lode of Asian textual The value of re-examining work the nineteenth-century scholar-forger forgery has not been mined here), but previously published by older scholars is John Payne Collier, whom Freeman, with within those parameters its completeness demonstrated in Christoph Reske’s richly characteristic verve, dubs “one of the great astonishes, promising nothing less than illustrated comparison by microscope rebel angels of our Pandaemonium” (50). the West’s most comprehensive collection of types used in early imprints. Allied to Collier, who notoriously inscribed textual of book and manuscript forgeries. An the microscope was an image processing variants of Shakespeare into a copy of the ambitious achievement in bibliographical software, GIMP, which helped Reske to 1632 Second Folio, is this collection’s guiding compilation, Bibliotheca Fictiva affords textual examine types produced using a hand- spirit, as its central concerns also reside, scholars and book historians an invaluable mould alongside those used in both the Bulla like Collier’s mischievous interventions resource for future research into “this turchorum (State Library, Berlin) and Sibyllen- into literary history, at the intersection of complicated, venerable, and culturally weissagung (Gutenberg Museum, Mainz), set forgery and scholarly bibliophilia. Far from significant field of literary activity” (xi). with Gutenberg’s so-called DK type. Reske denouncing literary forgery as criminal, concludes that the later incunabula are no Bibliotheca Fictiva endeavours to understand Gregory Mackie more alike than those of the very early literary forgery as a genre unto itself, University of British Columbia period, whose observed features comply delighting in the forgers’ roguish ingenuity. with the punch-matrix hand-mould system. The handlist, which comprises the bulk c The only contribution in Spanish, by of the volume, is arranged on a roughly M. F. Oliver and M. S. Taberner, is on historical and linguistic basis, beginning Stephan Füssel, ed. Gutenberg-Jahrbuch 90 the Catalan figure Ramon Lull, the seven with classical forgeries. The volume also (2015): Im Auftrag der Gutenberg-Gesellschaft. hundredth anniversary – not the seventh, helpfully devotes a section to reference Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. 296p., as claimed – of whose death occurred in works on the topic of forgery, including, ill. ISBN 9783447103411. €85 (hardback). 2015. The authors use their examination but certainly not limited to, the centuries- of eighteen woodcuts of Lull published by old enterprise of “biblio-detection.” Much The present volume is a particular F. G. Vicens in 1915 as a base to consider fascinating information about the forgers pleasure to a reviewer who combines the Lull’s life and the Franciscan order. The and forgeries included in the volume comes traditional skills of a librarian with those of summary, if written by the authors, would from an extensive Overview that surveys the a bibliographer. Sadly the second set of skills have benefited from a more careful check collection’s high points. The names of the are not necessarily combined with the first, by someone with a better grasp of English. forgers and the forged are indicated in bold, especially in an increasingly electronic age. Dietrich Hakelberg discusses the donation providing a reader looking into a particular This issue of the Gutenberg-Jahrbuch of fifty-five volumes on history made in 1575 case easy access to the relevant information. contains two contributions in English. by the Augsburg patrician, Carl Wolfgang The more familiar forgeries of the The first, shorter one is by the English Rehlinger, to the Protestant preachers of his eighteenth century – Thomas Chatterton’s bibliographer, now based in Italy, Neil Harris, home town. Whereas an intended sale was pseudo-medieval “Rowley” poems and on a fallen sort in the 1540 Estienne Bible. usually the driving force in the issuing of the William Henry Ireland’s audacious additions In this he discusses the instance of a sort on printed catalogue of a private library, in this r to the Shakespeare canon, for instance – f.D3 which has fallen back on the spot it case the impulse was, Hakelberg suggests, are amply represented. The collection also came from. It is important that each instance the furtherance of the Protestant cause in includes some remarkable treasures, such of fallen type is studied closely, as it illustrates the bi-confessional town. The piece ends as the final letter from Chatterton to his the daily practice of printing. The second with a list of the volumes, which Hakelberg SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 15 identifies as closely as the details permit. In Part 1, Garone Gravier puts forth the movable type in Europe and from Europe Attempts to reconstruct dispersed libraries suggestion that to study typography, scholars to the Americas to illustrate the introduction are now a stock, fascinating aspect of have to part from the study of memory and diffusion of Christophe Plantin’s bibliographical research. To Detlef Mauss’s and national identity in order to connect typographic innovations in New Spain. attempts (published in the Gutenberg-Jahrbuch typography to specific social practices. In The last section (Part 4) continues the in 1988 and 1994) to reconstruct the libraries other words, typography is a communicative discussion of the specificity of Mexican of the Franciscans and Poor Clares in phenomenon that should be analyzed through typography into the nineteenth century. Brixen (south Tyrol), Carsten Scholz adds a historical perspective. Throughout the book, As in previous sections, Garone Gravier new information, raising the number of she puts into practice such an approach. explains the historical context, the formation incunables from 67 to 80 and increasing In this first section, she explains the social, of the Mexican Republic in the midst of the number of known donors from three technological, and economic conditions that military conflict, and the impact of these to nine. An interesting feature of Scholz’s shaped typographers’ choices. At the same processes in the development of typography. research highlights the incongruity of the time, she applies this strategy to analyze the She illustrates this discussion with the lavish decoration and humanistic content of typography of indigenous languages in New typographic catalog of one of the most some of these additional volumes with what Spain. She indicates that a semiotic approach original Mexican printers of the nineteenth we tend to associate with the Franciscans. would illustrate the processes involved in century: Ignacio Cumplido. She then explains A contribution which caught my eye as a the transfer of indigenous oral languages the technological achievements of a Catalan supporter of the Warburg Institute in London to writing, such as the subordination of printer in Mexico, Rafael de Rafael y Balart, (I signed the recent petition to maintain one linguistic system to another, but also who began chromatic printing in Mexico. its original contract with the University of the perspective of indigenous writers when Balart faced controversy when Cumplido London) is that by Dieter Wuttke on the plan they adopted the alphabet to write their claimed to have authored such achievement. of German medievalist Julius Schwietering stories. As a case study, she analyzes Mexican Garone Gravier believes that the evidence to use Warburg’s library as a model for a colonial codices from the seventeenth- favors Rafael’s authorship, but the Catalan research library for medieval studies. That century Techialoyan tradition, a group had to leave the country because nineteenth- Schwietering’s plan came to nothing is a great of texts whose authors purport to be century nationalism favored Cumplido. pity, but at least his intellectual regard for prohispanic in order to defend land rights, In the last part of this section, Garone Warburg is a rebuttal of the Nazis’ thuggish as well as Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala’s Gravier analyzed the typography that José intention of closing it down – a move negated Peruvian text of the late sixteenth century. Guadalupe Posada used in his engravings by its transfer to London, where it remains, Garone Gravier begins Part 2 with the to illustrate a new development in Mexican despite the University’s abovementioned definition of the theoretical approach of typography: the influence of U.S. typography. attempt at separation, one of the jewels in gender studies and the proposal to apply The major weakness of Garone the crown of the University of London. such an approach to the study of the printing Gravier’s text is its lack of organization, Wuttke reproduces the text of Schwietering’s activity of women. She denounces the absence a flaw stemming from the nature of the proposal and adds a commentary. of women in the study of typography as volume, an anthology of essays previously I make no apology for closing my review well as the stereotypes according to which published. For example, basic concepts like yet again with a reference to the visual the role of women was very limited. She the definition of typography, its categories, appearance of the volume being a testimony of then describes the men and women that and its significance for the study of book Harrassowitz’s skill in typography and design. constituted printing dynasties in Spain, history and of cultural history in general Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru. In this section, are not explained in the introduction or in W.A. Kelly she highlights the processes through which Part 1, but in Part 3. Likewise, the history Edinburgh Napier University women played a leadership role in the printing of printing dynasties in Mexico is repeated c industry even within a patriarchal society; continuously. These drawbacks, however, do for instance, she describes the activity of the not diminish the major achievement of this Marina Garone Gravier. La tipografía en México. widows of renowned printers such as Paula book: to identify the specificity of Mexican Ensayos históricos (siglos XVI al XIX). Mexico Benavides, widow of Bernardo Calderón. typography from the sixteenth to the City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de In the next section (Part 3), Garone nineteenth centuries and to highlight hidden México, 2012. 231p, ill. ISBN 9786070233593. Gravier illustrates the arrival and influence voices in Mexican printing, such as that of of European printing culture in New Spain women printers and indigenous peoples. Marina Garone Gravier’s text is a with three case studies. The first is a study of multifocal anthology of essays on typography the incunabilia found in Mexico’s National Margarita Vargas-Betancourt in Mexico, as its title indicates. The book Library. This culminates with the description University of Florida consists of four parts in which Garone of the specificity of an incipient Mexican Gravier discusses the pedagogical, linguistic, typography. The second is an analysis of c and historical aspects of typography (Part the history of the Imprenta Real Española (the 1), women printers (Part 2), the typographic Spanish Royal Press) in New Spain and the relationship between Europe and Mexico development of the casting of type in this (Part 3), and the specificity of Mexican region. Finally, Garone Gravier describes typography in the nineteenth century (Part 4). the most important commerce routes for SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 16

Loren Glass. Counterculture Colophon: Grove paratexts of Grove volumes, particularly Roy songbook to King Juan II and, on the other, Press, Evergreen Review, and the Incorporation Kuhlman’s book covers, are illuminating, and the pure profit interests discussed in the of the Avant-Garde. Stanford: Stanford its account of the globalization of the literary contract signed by Hernando del Castillo in University Press, 2013. xv, 255p., ill. ISBN marketplace during the postwar era will interest 1509 in regard to publishing the Cancionero 9780804784160. US $27.95. both literary scholars and book historians. general. Gómez-Bravo’s monograph reviewed The cultural moment for Grove’s brand here is intended precisely to fill that gap, while Between 1954 and 1970, Grove Press of “vulgar modernism” (Glass’s term) was shedding light on the role played by all kinds published Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot, brief. Feminists criticized Grove’s forays into of agents in the cultural process of producing Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth, pornography (which accounted for much of texts in medieval Spain and the networks The Autobiography of Malcolm X, and Donald its commercial success), and what had seemed assembled to perform those activities. Allen’s The New American Poetry anthology; like avant-garde daring quickly came to look Throughout this book, readers are it provoked obscenity cases and published like rear-guard exploitation. In addition, a acquiring relevant information on how the D.H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover, failed but still damaging unionization effort members of the bureaucracy in medieval Henry Miller’s Tropic of Cancer, and William among Grove employees culminated in a Spain were producing literary spaces, creative S. Burroughs’ Naked Lunch; it introduced high-profile attempt to take over Grove’s environments, and writing tools in order to Jean Genet to American readers; and it offices in 1970. But does this explain Rosset’s transform texts into a crucible of cultural and internationalized the American literary scene downfall? On this point, Counterculture Colophon political forces. Gómez-Bravo also guides us by publishing translations of important is vague: “The company never recovered in a journey from medieval poetry to narrative works from around the world. Through from the…takeover. Already overextended accounts, showing the process of textual both its books (those noted above and by overinvestment in film and the purchase agencies conveniently imbricated in the many others) and its periodical, Evergreen and renovation of the Mercer Street building, cultural and political networks of the Spanish Review, it inspired the counterculture, and Grove went into a financial tailspin” (206). Middle Ages and beyond – for the continuities – for a time – it even turned a profit. This Glass does not distinguish Grove’s declining of these patterns during the Golden Age improbable story – the rise and fall of cultural stature from its declining economic were stronger than any sort of boundaries. Barney Rosset’s Grove Press – is the subject fortunes. Although book historians might Through an in-depth analysis and by offering of Loren Glass’s Counterculture Colophon. want a more concrete accounting of Grove’s remarkable insights, the author amply In Glass’s telling, this is a story of how decline, Counterculture Colophon – synthesizing succeeds in identifying “the inner dynamics the history of the book trade connects to cultural and book history – is an essential of specific groups strongly vested in writing both literary history and a broader historical study of a key postwar literary institution. activities and the situations that sustain them context. To develop its argument about how and constitute their particular culture” (215). Grove Press “took the avant-garde into the Evan Brier It is remarkable to discover the effort mainstream, helping to usher in a cultural University of Minnesota Duluth made by the author in order to explain the revolution whose consequences are with us c social and cultural changes caused by the still” (4), Counterculture Colophon combines interexchange of ideas that occurred in archival research, interviews with key figures Ana M. Gómez-Bravo. Textual Agency: Writing the Castilian Middle Ages and was sparked including Rosset himself, literary history, Culture and Social Networks in Fifteenth-Century by what is defined as “socio-professional and outstanding paratextual analysis. Glass Spain. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, contiguity” (33). Developed by Gómez-Bravo, makes large claims for Grove Press and its 2013. ISBN: 9781442647206. vi, 338p. CAN this concept inspires a theoretical approach publications (terms like “landmark” and $65 (hardback). never used so far to explain accurately any “revolutionary” and “groundbreaking” are sort of cultural relationships that existed in used liberally), but he also views Grove as Medieval Spanish culture has often the Spanish Middle Ages. It is for this reason an “endeavor enabled by specific historical been labelled as the offspring of Spanish that the material texts – from scribal letters conditions” (2). These conditions – the growth aristocracy. Authors who belonged to the to wandering poems – and, above all, their of the academic market, the emergence of high nobility – for example, Enrique de authors (surveyed in chapters 3 and 4), can the “quality” paperback, and the rise of Villena, Jorge Manrique, and the Marquis of be clearly perceived now as a semblance of youth culture among them – make Rosset’s Santillana – were instrumental in exerting an those Gramscian “organic intellectuals.” This achievement possible, but they do not explain aristocratic influence on medieval literature. approach constitutes, indeed, one of the most it. Other publishers responded to the same First pronounced by the influential Ramón successful characteristics of the monograph. developments, but Rosset’s vision was distinct. Menéndez Pidal, this assertion has been In addition, Gómez-Bravo aims to trace a Glass represents Rosset as some conveniently refined, with the use of a new path for the study of medieval Spanish combination of shrewd and reckless. He wide variety of cultural nuances, by Jeremy literature that resembles the successful essay was a man whose aesthetic and political Lawrance and his spread of lay literacy, and by Norbert Elias on the court society, to which interests dovetailed with a historical moment, in Roger Boase’s analysis dealing with the she refers on occasion. This is quite evident in who hired outstanding people, and who had revival of the troubadours. Nevertheless, the last three chapters, in which the conceptual the charisma to get those people to commit speaking in terms of cultural patterns, there image of any given book is conveniently to his vision. As a scholarly look at Grove’s is a considerable distance between, on the one guided towards the total comprehension of cultural achievement, Counterculture Colophon hand, the converso scribe Juan Alfonso de Baena its materiality as an exercise of power, as a is enormously valuable. Its attention to the and the feudal delivery of his manuscript materialising effort of collective memory. SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 17

As a consequence, Inquisition records, authority of the people with the constituted Ezra Greenspan. William Wells Brown: An books of lineages, and even the typical authority of Parliament. The institution virtually African American Life. New York: W. W. Norton, and fashionable cancioneros, or songbook represented a power that was acknowledged but 2014. vi, 515p. ISBN 9780393240900. $35.00. poetry, are scrutinised here in a way barely not allowed any direct role. The Revolution in seen before, underscoring the necessity of France and, especially, Thomas Paine’s Rights of The life of William Wells Brown understanding the high level of manipulation Man (1791-92), helped recharge the idea that is one of the great stories of African occurring in paratextual elements such as the people had a right to intervene even to the American suffering, transformation, and rubrics and gloss to achieve an accurate point of renegotiating the foundational contract accomplishment. Born a slave in Kentucky in interpretation of the cultural phenomenon. between governed and governors. Green is about 1814 and moved to frontier St. Louis The final result of this study is the excellent on the various theories of the right at a young age, he witnessed a panoply of completion of a crucial part of Spanish of resistance, accepted by all sides, including life on the Mississippi from Galena, Illinois, medieval culture that had fallen into Blackstone, and the thorny question of when to New Orleans before escaping to freedom oblivion and was previously only partially that right could be acted upon (on which, as at Cincinnati, working for the Underground assessed. Reversing the aristocratic trend Bentham noted, there was no agreement). Railroad in the Great Lakes basin, entering the in the analysis of medieval literature, The trials for treason in 1794 largely revolved ranks of abolitionist lecturers in upstate New while opening the academic field to more around whether the London Corresponding York and New England, and living in exile in complex social and economic elements of Society planned to call a convention that would London after the publication of his Narrative exploration, is without a doubt the most presume to represent the will of the people. (1847). While in England, he published the significant achievement of this monograph. Amongst those brought to trial at the end first African American travelogue, Three of 1794 was the LCS-orator John Thelwall. Years in Europe (1852), and novel, Clotel Óscar Perea-Rodríguez Thelwall had a strong sense of the people as (1853). Yet while Brown wrote throughout Lancaster University being an entity that needed to be organized his life, he left no comprehensive archive. c into being and then animated into action. He In spite of this paucity of extant personal exploited a wealth of media to achieve this end, accounts, Ezra Greenspan has deftly situated Georgina Green. The Majesty of the People: from songs, toasts, and lectures, to poetry and Brown in the greater trends of the American Popular Sovereignty and the Role of the Writer in novels. There has been some excellent literary culture that enslaved him, the abolitionist the 1790s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, criticism lately on Thelwall’s relationship to movement for which he tirelessly worked, 2014. xi, 229p., ill. ISBN 9780199689064. Coleridge and Wordsworth. Green adds to the African American communities in which £60.00 / US $97.00 (hardback). and extends this work by fully explaining the he lived, and the transatlantic cultures of complexity of Thelwall’s thinking both about printing, reform, and exile through which he This book is an original and often brilliant the media available to him and its role in reinvented himself. As a result, Greenspan’s examination of the intertwined fates of ideas awakening the people into a sense of itself. His William Wells Brown; An African American of “the people” and of “the public” at the democratic commitment to the cultural authority Life reveals the confluent nature of an end of the late eighteenth century. During of popular assemblies, Green shows, was in a author in relation to readers, publishers, the French Revolution, the “majesty of the complex relationship to the idea of the people as and the greater culture in which he labored. people” became a fraught matter. Green something that had to be organized and animated. Throughout, Brown’s role as a prominent takes as a paradigmatic instance the Duke of How the constituting authority of the man of letters raises questions about generic Norfolk’s toast to our “Our Sovereign – the people was conceived is the key issue for convention, audience expectations, and majesty of the People!” at a public dinner Green. She tracks its fate in the 1790s across authorial development. His composite, in 1798. Such events were always carefully the writings of a series of authors, including appropriative, and revisionist styles of tracked in the newspapers, whose blanket Helen Maria Williams, Thomas Paine, William composition encourages a greater scrutiny condemnation of Norfolk speaks to the Godwin, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and William of the nature of authorship, while Brown’s sensitivity surrounding the phrase in the 1790s. Wordsworth. She shows herself a sedulous relationship to international printing and Gillray produced a cartoon satirizing the reader of their prose, especially in relation to the book sales illustrates the multifaceted incident, which is reproduced by Green. The tensions between “the People, philosophically circulation practices of printed material, King took it seriously enough to have Norfolk characterized,” to use Wordsworth’s phrase, pathways to authorship, and readerly stripped of his public offices. “The majesty and Thelwall’s refusal to let this idea resolve consumption. In reconstructing the of the people” was a generally accepted term, either into abstraction or any notion of the relationship between Brown’s life and but “the sovereignty of the people,” especially privatized reader. Part of the excellence of writings, Greenspan continually documents when it pointedly displaced the King in the The Majesty of the People is that it never lets both Brown’s blurring of the “genre gap toast list, was taken to be disloyally democratic. these tensions develop into crude oppositions, between fiction and nonfiction,” out of Green’s pathway into this ideological thicket instead maintaining a complex sense of the which “autobiography becomes history and is partly via ideas of “constituent authority” emergence of a Romantic idea of the reading history becomes autobiography,” along with as developed in the modern political theory public out of these fraught political debates. Brown’s many revisions and republications of of Antonio Negri and others. Eighteenth- his works for different markets and audiences century constitutional theory, primarily derived Jon Mee (298, 2). The result is a detailed history of from the authority of William Blackstone’s University of York printing and authorship that constitutes Commentary, tended to displace the constituent the core of one of the most prominent SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 18

African Americans of the nineteenth century. After a foreword by Piero Innocenti and signatories, coats of arms and initials, and the Along with detailing Brown’s own path an introduction by the author, Manuela position of chain-lines and watermarks in the to and practice of authorship, Greenspan Grillo, the volume is divided into three parts. sheets, is supplied for the first 136 records anecdotally references other lives and cultural The first part begins with a typological (ten per cent of the total) in an appendix. trends in order to supplement aspects of analysis of ordinances, broadsheets and The third part, also printed as a separate Brown’s life that he cannot reconstruct from single-sheet items defined as “ephemera” (23, book (Indicizzazione Semantica di Bandi, direct reports. The method is quite helpful 33), intended for practical purposes and thus Manifesti e Fogli Volanti [2015]), discusses in sketching the world in which Brown not meant to be preserved. The author stresses principles and guidelines for semantic lived and, at its best, functions as cultural a need for the careful study and painstaking indexing of ordinances, broadsheets and biography. The examples of James Essex, description of such items to prevent the single-sheet items. Grillo suggests the Italian an early St. Louis bookseller, and the editor- risk of neglect and disappearance. Grillo’s Nuovo Soggettario (NS), edited by the National publisher Elijah Lovejoy, situate Brown’s overview includes a general description of Central Library of Florence, as a suitable early life as a slave in a frontier cultural the model of the text in such documents and subject indexing tool for such items, and milieu. Additionally, by detailing how Brown a brief illustration of the Italian “avvisi” – a a series of tags appropriate to the features worked within the publishing apparatuses of sort of early modern news item usually printed of the collection at the centre of this book abolitionist societies in the United States and on a few sheets. The following chapter reports is applied to a sample of twenty records. Britain as well as comparing Brown with his on the few efforts at cataloguing ordinances The volume ends with a useful bibliography contemporary Fredrick Douglass, Greenspan and broadsheets carried out in Italy to date. of literature, references and resources. offers useful contexts that not only illuminate Printed catalogues and online records are Leggi e Bandi di Antico Regime marks a Brown’s biography but situate him within a presented, highlighting their traits and level praiseworthy effort to fill a considerable gap in larger framework of antebellum authorial and of compliance with the guidelines suggested the field of Italian bibliography. The volume print networks. However, other speculative in the handbook of the Central Institute for works on several levels: as a reference book anecdotes, such as the brief section in which the Union Catalogue of Italian Libraries and providing information on individual records; Greenspan inconclusively explores whether Bibliographic Information (ICCU), published as a case-study investigating ways in which to or not Brown had any love affairs while living in 1999. A final chapter deals with standards and enhance access to ordinances, broadsheets in England, come across as disorienting, procedures for the digitisation of such material. and single-sheet items; and as a history book leaving the reader more bemused than The second part focuses on the corpus of offering a detailed and informative synopsis informed. Nevertheless, given his project’s ordinances of the National Central Library of of Roman offices and a valuable survey of grand scope of offering the definitive Rome. A table (74–6) lists shelfmark, range of under-examined and heretofore underrated biography of his subject, it is reassuring to years covered and number of items for each sources, thus emphasising the overlap know that Greenspan has addressed every of the sixty-three volumes of the collection. between bibliography and historical research. possible line of inquiry regarding Brown’s Grillo’s survey reveals that the number of items, Its long-term aim, it seems, is to cross life. Ultimately, Greenspan’s devotion to his previously estimated at 10,000, needs to be national borders and ultimately to stimulate subject overcomes any minor reservations, decreased by about twenty per cent. Other the development of an international standard offering not only a major contribution tables (77–90) show the correlation between for the description of such material at the to African American history but also a these documents and those recorded in seven borders between archives, libraries and compelling story about an exemplary volumes published between 1920 and 1958 on museums. It is hoped, therefore, that Grillo’s individual and the world in which he wrote. ordinances and other provisions for Rome and work will inspire the publication of new, the Pontifical State. The next chapter provides similar catalogues, both digital and printed. Michael C. Weisenburg a useful compendium of offices and officials University of South Carolina in charge of the administration of Rome and Flavia Bruni c the Pontifical State, in particular between University of Rome La Sapienza the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries Manuela Grillo. Leggi e Bandi di Antico – the period on which Grillo’s dissertation c Regime [Laws & Ordinances of the Ancient is centred. A catalogue of the 1,362 items Emily Hamilton-Honey. Turning the Pages of Regime]. Cargeghe: Editoriale Documenta, relating to the years 1544–1656 constitutes the American Girlhood: The Evolution of Girls’ Series 2014. 744p. ISBN 9788864542751. ‎€35 core of the volume. The analytic descriptions, Fiction, 1865-1930. Jefferson, NC: McFarland (paperback). which adhere to international standards for bibliographic description, contain the & Co., 2013. 254p. ISBN 9780786463220. US $45.00. This dense Italian book, developed from following details: a record identifier and a Ph.D. thesis defended at the University of classmark; information on title, edition Series fiction for young readers attracts Udine in 2008, was winner of the publishing and imprint; physical description; LOC scrutiny from numerous academic disciplines, prize Bibliographica in 2013. It contains at fingerprint; and notes, including information making it a logical, perhaps inevitable, its heart a catalogue of ordinances, now held on contents and such details as blank leaves, focus for historians of the book, a field at the National Central Library of Rome, main signatories, length in centimetres and famously characterized by Robert Darnton printed as single sheets or as pamphlets by references. The catalogue concludes with an as “interdisciplinarity run riot.” This trait the official printing press of the Apostolic index of headings and names. An extended both enriches and complicates the study of Camera of Rome between 1544 and 1656. description, including further information on SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 19 the series fiction that attracted young readers documents tremendous consumption of readings of sex, Joyce with the detective despite the disparagement of adults who the volumes that could enhance her analysis. fiction that appeared the same year from the shaped their reading. These matters form a Turning the Pages of American Girlhood Modern Library. These pairings highlight critical context for Turning the Pages of American offers cultural and literary analyses of the the slipperiness of aesthetic categories. Girlhood, which considers series fiction for texts themselves, using these sources for Woolf’s debate with J.B. Priestley and Q.D. adolescent readers written between the end of what they suggest about how readers made Leavis over accessibility and expertise, the U.S. Civil War and the Great Depression. meaning from what they found there. While Faulkner’s problematic introduction to Hamilton-Honey identifies series marketed Hamilton-Honey cites an early book by Wayne Sanctuary, and Cather’s ongoing feud with to young female readers and the shifting Wiegand, his more recent research and that of reprint companies give this study a breadth cultural and social norms of the period. scholars like Christine Pawley and Elizabeth and specificity that make it an excellent Beginning with a focus on conservative late McHenry who study popular readers are not introduction to key debates in book history Victorian ideals for girls and women, the referenced here. In addition, Mikki Smith’s for interwar literary studies. The first chapter book proceeds to look at how series fiction research (primarily conference presentations also provides a succinct and helpful overview presents women’s changing roles. She raises and dissertation work) challenges the notion of current scholarship on middlebrow the interesting question of what we consider that we lack access to the experience of studies and bridges the gap between a series, noting scholarship that distinguishes reading series fiction in earlier centuries American and English iterations of this field. between series fiction and “books in a series” by analyzing nineteenth-century teens’ The book is carefully researched and full (10). The distinction, she claims, is largely self-publication with small, hand-operated of interesting facts. Sometimes, Jaillant seems irrelevant from the standpoint of sales and presses (loosely analogous to today’s desk- to let the facts speak for themselves, and stops reading, which both revolve around the top publishing). Hamilton-Honey does not her analysis just a step or two before the full appeal of characters who reappear across engage theorists like Wolfgang Iser and his complexities of her case studies have become volumes. This pivot allows her to scrutinize discussion of the implied reader, either. manifest. For example, she shows with works by Louisa May Alcott and the Elsie Nonetheless, researchers interested in the masterful concision how Woolf’s embrace of Dinsmore series alike. Her study also includes specific series Hamilton-Honey discusses “amateur reading” and “the common reader” some lesser-known series, such as the Vassar will find in these pages a kindred academic were class markers that enraged scholars Girls, Chautauqua Girls, and Grace Harlowe. who delves into the subject with passion from less posh backgrounds, like Priestly Hamilton-Honey contends that and commitment to the importance of and Leavis, who depended on the emerging girls’ series fiction of the 1920s “upsets both series fiction and adolescent reading. expertise of the professional-managerial class gender norms to an extent that has rarely to combat an oppressive class system. Yet happened since” (7), a claim that seems Jennifer Burek Pierce Jaillant then discusses Woolf’s “democratic” not to consider Hermione Granger, The University of Iowa modernism, which American reviewers Philip Pullman’s heroines, or the female celebrated. A bit more discussion of how protagonists in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson c Woolf ’s class bias was erased in her migration series. There is also discussion of Edward over the Atlantic – how in an American Stratemeyer’s debates with librarians about Lise Jaillant. Modernism, Middlebrow and the context, she may have been perceived as how fiction published under pseudonyms Literary Canon: The Modern Library Series, 1917- democratic, while still exhibiting breathtaking ought to be catalogued, which provides 1955. New York: Routledge, 2015. xii, 211p., disdain for lower-class English writers – historical insight into the development ill. ISBN 9781848934931. US $150. would have strengthened the chapter. The of contemporary library practices. material is all there; the analysis isn’t always. While providing criticism of series texts, This monograph uses the Modern Library Specifically, more critical consideration of Hamilton-Honey’s approach diverges from – Boni and Liveright’s and then Donald questions of aesthetics, gender, and sexuality that of most book historians. In developing Klopfer’s and Bennett Cerf ’s famous reprint would have made this a stronger book. this study of series fiction, she seems not series of modern classics – to investigate the The question of why Jaillant chose these to have consulted resources like the What complex and shifting categories of literary case studies is an interesting one, and probably Middletown Read (WMR) database, whose merit during the interwar period. Jaillant’s unfair, since one always has to limit the focus records indicate that the Muncie Public stated intention is “to recover a forgotten and make choices about what to include. Library held twenty-eight Elsie Dinsmore titles, moment in the history of modernism – the Choosing Wells and Anderson, who are hardly generating more than 3,500 transactions. moment when ‘high’ modernist texts were widely studied today, broadens the focus, as Instead, Hamilton-Honey asserts that sufficiently attractive to be reprinted in a cheap does her discussion of detective novels and “Because the books studied here are one series, but had not yet been dissociated from scientific literature. But she doesn’t, for hundred years old or more, finding actual ‘lesser’ works” (4). She makes her interest in example, highlight Modern Library selections reader responses to these texts would be transatlantic modernism clear in her selection of writers who were widely regarded as extraordinarily difficult, if not impossible.” of case studies, balanced between American “classics” but are almost entirely forgotten Her focus, instead, is “the interplay between and English examples: H.G. Wells, Sherwood today – Gertrude Atherton or George textual representations of girlhood in Anderson, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, Willa Cabell or Dorothy Canfield. This might have series books and the changing nature of Cather, and William Faulkner. These analyses highlighted how differently contemporary girlhood in the U.S.” (22, n3). While WMR are full of illuminating and sometimes critics understood modernism and how we does not offer reader-response per se, it unexpected pairings: Wells with scientific might remake our own literary canons in SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 20 light of this early foray into canon-making. draws out the contrast between Protestant and Marju Lauristin & Peeter Vihalemm, eds. However, no book can do everything, and Catholic accounts of their mission work in Reading in Changing Society. Tartu: University the case studies in Modernism, Middlebrow, and China by comparing two German periodicals, of Tartu Press, 2014. 212p., w/maps & tables. the Literary Canon provide an excellent addition one sponsored by the Berlin Missionary ISBN 9789949325757. €20 (paperback). to a course on book history and modernism. Society and the other by the Catholic Society of the Divine Word. Co-editor Felicity Jensz Reading in Changing Society is the second Jaime Harker holds denomination constant and varies book in the series “Studies in Reading and University of Mississippi nationality, comparing Moravian missionary Book Culture,” started by the University of publications in England and Germany in the Tartu Press in 2014. Articles published in this c first half of the nineteenth century. Jeremy collection are based on papers presented at Best examines change over time, looking at the Baltic–Nordic conference “Reading in a Felicity Jensz and Hanna Acke, eds. Missions the changing treatment of national identity in Changing Society,” held at the University of and Media: The Politics of Missionary Periodicals one German Protestant missionary periodical Tartu in 2013. The collection contextualises in the Long Nineteenth Century. Stuttgart: (AMZ). When there are too many variables, recent history of reading in the Baltic Franz Steiner Verlag, 2013. 263p., ill. ISBN however, the comparisons shed no light: countries, taking into consideration late Soviet 9783515103046. €46 (paperback). Hugh Morrison’s essay on juvenile missionary and post-Soviet history on the one hand and magazines in Canada and New Zealand argues Baltic–Nordic geographical, political and Arising from a 2010 workshop on “Politics intriguingly that these periodicals promoted cultural contexts on the other. Contributions within Nineteenth-Century Missionary the idea of a global Christian family that are divided into five sections, each of which Periodicals,” the 12 original scholarly essays disrupted national allegiances, but by working tackles a different aspect of reading culture included in this collection discuss a wide with materials from two different countries, in the region: “Books and Reading Culture” range of European missionary periodicals. multiple denominations, and a time span (13–38); “Books and Readers” (39–96); These periodicals, for all their diversity, punctuated by the First World War, he fails “Reading in the Digital Age” (97–132); share some common characteristics. Most to make his case convincing. “Reading Policies” (133–178); and “Library were published by a denominational or Other essayists focus instead on a particular Practices and Experiences” (179–210). interdenominational mission society for the publication or a specific issue. Helge Wendt The first chapter, by Ilkka Mӓkinen, purpose of creating a supportive community looks at multiple nineteenth-century editions provides a useful overview of current in the sponsoring country. They were of French Catholic missionary works; Amelia changes in European reading culture intended to enlist new supporters, update Bonea focuses on the coverage of missions by means of an illuminating conceptual current allies on the progress of their mission work in Fiji in the Australasian Methodist inquiry into medieval and early modern work, solicit additional funds and prayers, Missionary Review (1891-1977); Malin vocabularies used to describe the act of and – especially in the juvenile magazines Gregersen analyzes medical missions in reading. The next chapter, by Kurmo – recruit future missionaries. As co-editor Missionstiding, a Swedish missions periodical; Konsa and Edith Hermann, analyses the Hanna Acke points out in her concluding and Gabriele Richter mines fascinating book as a physical object, drawing on the essay, “Missionary Periodicals as a Genre,” primary material – a magazine initiated by semiological tradition of the Tartu school they often had similar kinds of content, Lutheran missionaries to New Guinea but to compare the informational structures including: summary updates; letters, reports, largely written by native people in their own of printed and digitally published books. and diaries recounting life in the mission language. Thoralf Klein, Armin Owzer, and The third chapter, contributed by one of field; essays and sermons supportive of Agnieszka Jagondzinska each discuss several the book’s editors Peeter Vihalemm, makes mission work; and informative articles about different periodicals but focus on a particular use of a unique body of data on reading and indigenous cultures. Some were also enlivened issue within those works: the Boxer War book consumption collected (with Marju with poems and illustrations. (Klein), Islam (Owzer), and the mission to Lauristin) since the 1980s. The author notes Despite these similarities, however, the Polish Jews (Jagondzinska). a marked decline in book acquisition and reader of this volume will come away with As the description of its contents suggests, reading in the 1990s, as the country shifted a much greater sense of the abundance and the volume as a collection lacks focus: few from the Soviet pattern of extensive, highly diversity of these periodicals. Essays discuss readers will want to read it cover to cover. prestigious cultural consumption to more periodicals written in German, Swedish, Scholars interested in particular topics or familiar capitalist and class-specific patterns. French, English, and Kâte (an indigenous regions, however, will find individual essays Vihalemm proposes that in Soviet Baltic language of Papua New Guinea), representing original and interesting, and the volume countries, media in national languages was denominations from Roman Catholic to introduces motivated readers to a great deal practically the only “carrier of cultural Moravian, across a generously defined “long of new primary material that warrants further opposition” (42) and thus reading substituted nineteenth century.” Nevertheless, this analysis. for many other forms of political activity that sometimes-bewildering diversity can hinder were repressed by the state (which explains the reader from making comparisons between Julie Melnyk the immediate post-Soviet decline in reading essays or drawing any clear conclusions. University of Missouri and book-buying rates). In the next chapter, Like scientists isolating a single variable, Vihalemm’s co-editor Lauristin draws on some of the essayists compare periodicals that c more recent parts of the same body of differ in one significant dimension. Alfred Wu data to analyse new patterns of reading that SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 21 have emerged in Estonia since the return to reader as a stakeholder (the latter model is Michelle Levy and Tom Mole, eds. The independence (1991). He concludes that there favoured by the author, though the others Broadview Reader in Book History. Peterborough, are clearly visible patterns of reading that are shown to have their advantages). Another ON: Broadview Press, 2014. xxviii, 632p., ill. reflect social hierarchies and that, “despite chapter in this section, by Mats Dolakthah ISBN 9781554810888. CAN / US $49.95 the overall post-1990s decline in the average and Anna Hampson Lundh, offers insight (paperback). amount of reading in the Estonian society, into the recent history of literacy education the structure of […] reading-related lifestyles in Sweden. “Experience reading,” promoted Since the publication of David Finkelstein has not radically changed, but has become by schools in the 1960s–70s, combined and Alistair McCleery’s The Book History more diverse and gender-balanced” (74). The democratic and disciplining principles in Reader ten years ago (Routledge, 2006), final chapter in this section, by Mara Grudule education and allowed students free reign the field has continued to expand and and Ojars Lams, reports on a study of local imaginatively and interpretively, extending mature. This new collection is a thoughtful reading patterns in the Latgalian region the practices and habits of study from the and useful addition to the literature. (East Latvia). While the study broaches a school into the home. The authors sum up The Broadview Reader provides a one- new geographical and cultural area, it starts public debate around this method, which stop update of scholarship, with pointers with very problematic assumptions that reveals much about the political climate and to further reading, a chronology, glossary seem to be tinged with sexist and classist dynamics in Sweden at the time. The next and index. Its thirty-three selected texts are attitudes and take for granted the cultural short piece in the section, by Asko Tamme, grouped thematically – under the organising hierarchy of literary “talent,” despite paying briefly overviews Estonian library policy in the principles of “Materiality,” “Textuality,” lip service to Pierre Bourdieu at its opening. period of nation building (1905–25) and the “Printing and Reading,” “Intermediality” and The next two chapters, both part of the role played in this policy by state institutions, “Remediating” – with each text accompanied section on “Reading in the Digital Age,” deal particularly through acquisition lists. by bibliographical information about the with emerging patterns of reading amongst Generally, the principle of chapter source text, headnotes and footnotes. The members of the younger generation, born selection for the last two sections is unclear, editors write in the introduction about the in the late 1980s and 1990s – extensive as the following chapter, on the reading excitement of selecting essays to showcase users of the internet and of social networks. preferences of Estonian adolescents by the field’s depth and variety, and express The study of young Finnish students by Helin Puksand, logically belongs in the their hope that the Reader “will incite Juha Herkman and Eliisa Vainikka offers a previous section on “Reading Policies,” while students to want to learn more about the subtle qualitative analysis of interviews, in the aforementioned library studies belong book and its history at the very moment addition to questionnaire-based statistical in the final section, dedicated to “Library that this history is being rewritten” (viii). analyses, and counters the widespread Practices and Experiences.” (Here I should A comparison with the 2006 Reader belief that the “digital revolution” will also note the relatively poor quality of provides a useful snapshot. The staying signal the end of book reading as we know copyediting and the absence of information power of several essays confirms their it: students still attach great value to the on the affiliation and professional status canonical status: Robert Darnton’s 1990 traditional activity of solitary, immersed of contributors throughout the volume.) “What is the history of books?” (231–50); silent reading of a printed book, although The final section comprises four diverse Pierre Bourdieu’s 1993 “The field of cultural they report being unable to devote as much contributions: Olga Einasto characterises production” (335–52); and Adrian Johns’s time to it as they would like. Herkman a postmodern as opposed to a modern 1998 introduction to “The book of nature and Vainikka also provide a thorough concept of library; Triinu Seppam and and the nature of the book” (267–88). bibliography that includes previous studies Krista Kiisa separately provide first-hand Essays and chapters by W. W. Greg, G. on the Scandinavian history of reading and accounts by Estonian librarians of how digital Thomas Tanselle and Lucien Febvre and media consumption. The following chapter, technologies alter the librarian’s and reader’s Henri-Jean Martin cover the ground further, by Skans Kersti Nilsson on Swedish youth’s experience; and Ilona Smushkina and Elena as do new selections from key scholars also reading patterns, is less well shaped in terms Sipria-Mironov give a fascinating account of included in the 2006 selection. Much of of its theoretical basis and qualitative analysis. the ways in which Tartu University Library the book, however, consists of material The conclusions, however, are similar to those faced the challenge of social and media change published since then. Apart from Jerome J. of the previous chapter: “reading fiction is an throughout the 2000s and reshaped its events McGann’s 2001 “The rationale of hypertext” idea, a concept or a metaphor for something schedule accordingly, leading to the emergence (459–74), for example, the entire contents positive, something good and helpful to the of a major annual cultural event in the city of chapter 5 on “remediating” are new, individual as well as to society,” and it is not of Tartu: the Prima Vista Literary Festival. taking in debates and discoveries about likely that the practice of reading literature Overall, and in spite of some technical and digital scholarship, readers and publishers. will be abandoned by young adults (131). organisational shortcomings, the collection The editors acknowledge that their The next chapter, Krista Lepik’s “Reading provides an important, unprecedented choices will inevitably lead to gaps that policy and public libraries in Estonia,” theorises glimpse into the rich and diverse cultural and readers might consider vital, and so they on library policy and good governance. Lepik intellectual scene of the region in transition. recommend that the Reader is used alongside distinguishes three alternative models of other works. I gave this advice a road test, relations between the library and the reader: Olga Kuminova drawing on my own research interests, and library as educator; library as service provider; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev identified two main gaps. The first is in the and library as public enterprise, with the treatment of “editing” as a specific practice in SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 22 book history. The introduction, distinguishing Ian S. MacNiven. “Literchoor is My Beat”: A Life to heart and became one of the great ones. between “pre-publication” (practical editing) of James Laughlin, Publisher of New Directions. Indeed the careers of Pound and Laughlin and “post-publication” (scholarly), allows New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014. are intimately entwined: Laughlin successfully that its focus is on the latter – I would add, viii, 584p., ill. ISBN 9780374299392. $37.50. marketed Pound’s often difficult work, entirely so. The work included on that basis negotiating Pound’s anti-Semitism and his provides important generic insights, including For those of us who came to literary revanchist economic and political notions. the understanding that there is not a single awareness in the 1950s and 1960s, New Space does not permit more detail, except “correct” handling of a text. But it is not safe Directions (ND) was in the vanguard of to note that the first issue of New Directions to assume that scholarly editing can stand avant-garde publishing. ND books had in Poetry and Prose – a more-or-less annual in for all editing, and a shift in focus can a clean, modernist look, and the list was anthology – came out in 1936 financed by bring new questions into view. For example, strong in contemporary, unconventional Laughlin family money. The ND publishing the positioning of post-publication editing writers – reflecting the taste and intelligence house took its name from the anthology and in the “Textuality” section suggests that of James Laughlin (1914-1997), ND’s was supported by infusions of Laughlin’s editing has only a linguistic meaning, and founder, editor, and publisher. money and hard work until it began to not a bibliographical one; but in practical Now almost twenty years after his turn a profit in 1946. Readers who enjoyed editing, at least, many decisions cannot be death comes a comprehensive biography Boris Kachka’s Hothouse: The Art of Survival separated from the making of a physical book. of this major figure in twentieth-century and the Survival of Art at America’s Most Another gap concerns the role of American publishing and perforce a history Celebrated Publishing House, Farrar, Straus & periodicals in book history. There are no of his exceptional publishing company. Giroux (2013) will want to read this book. selections in the new Reader that make Its author, Ian MacNiven, is close to ND They will also want to look into Jonathan periodicals their main subject and the glossary management (his wife was vice-president Galassi’s new roman à clef about New York is entirely book-related. Like the swerve of the firm) and apparently had privileged trade publishing, Muse: A Novel (2015), in given to practical editing, this appears to be a access to the company’s restricted papers which Laughlin is the presumed model consequence of the Reader’s focus on literary in New York, as well as Laughlin’s papers for Sterling Wainwright, the patrician head texts. Periodicals get a mention when they are at Harvard’s Houghton Library. He has of a distinctly “literary” publishing house. involved in the circulation of such texts, or produced a detailed life that is both critical when they provide social context, as in Beth of Laughlin’s shortcomings (he was tightfisted Paul M. Wright McCoy’s 2006 “Race and the (para) textual when it came to paying authors and staff University of Massachusetts Press (retired) condition” (199–211). But such an approach members and a notorious womanizer) and c leaves periodicals as mere containers of appreciative of his genuine achievements texts, rather than as forms that require as a perceptive editor and book promoter. Molly Guptill Manning. When Books Went to analysis in their own right. The section on Laughlin was a child of privilege, born War: The Stories that Helped Us Win World War “intermediality” includes Bourdieu’s argument into a wealthy Pittsburgh family that derived II. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, that no one form of cultural production can its fortune from the Jones and Laughlin Steel 2014. xv, 267p., ill. ISBN 9780544535022. be understood apart from the others but the Company. He went to Choate and Harvard, US $25.00 intermediality highlighted there is between where he happily fell into the literary life of the technological platforms, not genres – even campus. In the summer of 1934, he journeyed Molly Guptill Manning’s When Books Went though genres are also interwoven, and can to Europe with letters of introduction to to War is a love letter to the Armed Services also be understood as a form of technology. Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound. The latter Editions – editions of popular American Since choices are inevitable, these absences would become his major mentor in matters books produced in special (smaller) formats are defendable. In future, the value of aesthetic and cultural. The next year he and given to American servicemen serving the Reader may be enhanced if they are took a leave of absence from Harvard throughout the world during World War II. highlighted more explicitly. Meanwhile, I shall and returned to Italy to sit as an acolyte at It is a very readable narrative, and for those enjoy learning new things from the collection. Pound’s feet. Pound introduced Laughlin to who are interested in this story, it provides an the cutting edge of modern literature and engaging introduction to the Council on Books Susan L. Greenberg encouraged him when he became a publisher in Wartime, the Armed Services Editions, and University of Roehampton to bring out the work of such writers as the book industry’s response to the war. What Manning does well is to convey c William Carlos Williams and Pound himself. The story, possibly apocryphal or the impact of the Armed Services Editions embroidered over time, is that Pound told on their soldier-readers. Reading for self- Laughlin, who aspired to be a poet, that education, reading for morale, reading he did not have the makings of a poet and for enjoyment: the ASEs delivered all of should do something useful like publishing this and more. Quoting liberally from the the works of real poets, instead. Laughlin many letters written by servicemen to the – who turned out to be a pretty good poet Council on Books in Wartime and to ASE after all (he was inducted into the American authors, Manning brings the voices of Academy of Arts and Letters late in his life) those who served to life. We also hear in – took the advice about becoming a publisher some detail about the books themselves, SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 23 their authors, and how authors felt about and his writings. Martín–Rodríguez’s first of how the Nahuatl–trained Villagrá their books being included in the ASEs work is the rigorous biography Gaspar ekphrastically engages New Spanish and New and being taken across the world for the de Villagrá: Legista, soldado y poeta (León: Mexican indigenous visual culture (paintings, enjoyment of soldiers stationed in the Pacific University of León, 2009), ripe with novel, drawings, codices), complicating previous or Europe. She mentions the controversial transatlantic archival findings and previously discussions of the epic framed exclusively elements of the ASE program, including undiscovered documentation of the legista’s within peninsular discursive traditions. the controversy over the inclusion of certain social, professional, and political movements In a philological turn reminiscent of books during the presidential election throughout the Spanish empire. The second Martín–Rodríguez’s edition of the Historia, campaign of 1944 when an attempt to ban work in the trifecta is his critical edition chapter 4 analyzes the abundant marginal books considered too political was made. of the Historia de la nveva Mexico (Alcalá de annotations present throughout the pages The book is a celebration rather than Henares: Instituto Franklin/Universidad of the original 1610 Historia held by Yale a critical history of the ASE program. de Alcalá de Henares, 2010), an annotated, University’s Beinecke Library. The analysis of Throughout the book, Manning contrasts paleographic transcription of the text faithful this text “de carácter privado” (154) blends the ASEs and their democratic purpose to the original edition (Alcalá de Henares: Luis book history, recent scholarship on Villagrá, with the Nazi suppression of authors they Martínez Grande, 1610) whose philological and early modern sources into a close reading disapproved of and the Nazi book-burning. rigor established the text as a timely de of the book object’s marginalia, to suggest I found the constant reiteration of this facto quadricentenary edition of the epic how the text was read and understood theme problematic, because it so closely poem. Emerging from these biographic by its reader–owner, perhaps the New echoes the rhetoric deployed by the Council and philological contributions, the present Mexican cleric Diego López de la Serna. on Books in Wartime without reflecting on installation in the trilogy merges political and The final chapter features a clear a nod to the ideological dimensions of this rhetoric. social history, literary analysis, book historical the reception and reader–response theories Manning’s book is aimed at a general methodology, and philology to provide a rich, central to Martín–Rodríguez’s earlier Chicano audience unfamiliar with book history. For interdisciplinary contribution to the corpus Studies scholarship, further evincing the book historians, especially those already of scholarship on Villagrá and the Historia. interdisciplinary methodologies at play in familiar with the field, the book offers little Like the third offering of any good trilogy, this tome. Contending that the Historia that is new. A number of histories of the the first chapter revisits its antecedents, reached a much broader historic reading ASEs and American books during World War contextualizing the biography of Villagrá public than generally admitted by scholars, II are available. John B. Hench has written the in terms of movement between New Spain, Chapter 5 compiles an expansive list of story of the American publishing industry’s the Spanish metropolis, and the northern nearly three hundred textual references to response to the war in his Books as Weapons: frontier of New Mexico. Here, Martín– the poem over five centuries. This longue Propaganda, Publishing, and the Battle for Global Rodríguez’s training as a Chicano Studies durée plotting of Villagrá’s prominence in Markets in the Era of World War II (2010), and scholar is apparent as he focuses on the social the scholarly record proves fascinating Patti Clayton Becker has told the story of limitations and possibilities afforded Villagrá for understanding how generations of the American Library Association in Books in the viceroyal capital, the metropolis, and reading publics have appropriated and and Libraries in American Society During World the Spanish American borderlands. Deeming disseminated the Historia and Villagrá’s legacy War II: Weapons in the War of Ideas (2012). This the poet “un sujeto moderno entre tres for diverse political and scholarly purposes. scholarship provides much more nuanced mundos” (32), the author highlights how It cannot be overlooked that Cantas a accounts of the subject, emphasizing some the New Spanish émigré to the northern Marte originates in previously published of the various and complex motivations and frontiers of Spanish America – ethnically a material. Yet each of the chapters greatly currents that shaped the making of the ASEs – criollo and geographically a Mexican at precisely expands upon and updates the earlier works including commercial interests. Nevertheless, the moment when both of these identifiers where they originate, weaving new material Manning’s book is a breezy read and will became charged with new meaning and into a comprehensive study that marks have broad appeal for a general audience. symbolic importance – initiates conversations the vanguard of scholarship on Gaspar de on identity, place, and space fundamental Villagrá and novomexican studies more broadly. Amanda Laugesen to subsequent discussions of alterity. Valuable for specialists in the American Australian National University The second chapter contextualizes Southwest, colonial studies, and early c Villagrá’s writings within the humanistic modern poetry, the text retains legibility for traditions of the sixteenth and seventeenth student audiences or general readers and its Manuel M. Martín–Rodríguez. Cantas a centuries. Retracing his studies at the diverse topicality provides ample social and Marte y das batalla a Apolo: Cinco estudios sobre University of Salamanca, this chapter cultural context useful for supplementing Gaspar de Villagrá. New York: Academia compiles the works – cited and uncited – a close reading of the Historia. Although it Norteamericana de la Lengua Española, 2014. that the legista deploys within his verses and follows a distinct critical methodology, this 308p. ISBN 9780615854441 (paperback). their paratexts. Chapter 3 follows a similar third tome of Martín–Rodríguez’s Villagrá trajectory, framing the Historia as a textual trilogy is a valuable and worthy companion Cantas a Marte y das batalla a Apolo: Cinco palimpsest plotted atop classical literatures to recent studies such as José Rabasa’s estudios sobre Gaspar de Villagrá arrives in and rhetorical practices contemporary to Writing Violence on the Northern Frontier the wake of two previous monographs by Golden Age letters. Of tremendous interest (Durham: Duke University Press, 2000) and Martín–Rodríguez on the conquistador here is Martín–Rodríguez’s exploration Genaro Padilla’s The Daring Flight of my Pen: SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 24

Cultural Politics and Gaspar Pérez de Villagrá’s de Hamel, which focus on detailed descrip- the subjects of that surveillance. Maxwell’s Historia de la Nueva Mexico (Albuquerque: tions of early manuscript fragments. The title, in fact, comes from an obscure poem University of New Mexico Press, 2010). volume ends with Ruth Morse’s discussion by Richard Wright, who seems to have been of the connections between Beowulf and intensely aware of the G-men on his trail, Dexter Zavalza Hough–Snee J.R.R. Tolkien, and a bibliography of Toshi- even after relocating to Paris in the 1940s. University of California, Berkeley yuki Takamiya’s numerous scholarly works. But the profound extent to which that Highlights of the volume include Derek shadowy presence shaped Afro-modernist c Pearsall’s explanation of the ways in which (Maxwell’s preferred term) literature, both Takami Matsuda, Richard A. Linenthal, and Confessio Amantis caused difficulties for scribes in its conceptions of state power and in John Scahill, eds. The Medieval Book and a and took considerable work to execute cor- the physical movements of its protagonists, Modern Collector: Essays in Honour of Toshi- rectly (particularly in terms of the layout and is truly remarkable. Grounded in years of yuki Takamiya. Rochester, NY & Tokyo: D. design of the text’s Latin apparatus). Lotte Freedom of Information Act requests and S. Brewer & Yushodo Press Ltd, 2015. xx, Hellinga looks at compositors’ practice in thousands upon thousands of redacted 532p., ill. ISBN 9781843844051. US $60 Caxton’s printing house and offers insights pages, Maxwell’s research takes a question (paperback). into the editing process and into how changes that had long seemed both obvious and all in textual presentation can point to a change but impossible to answer with any depth of First published in hardback in 2004, The in compositor. Richard A. Linenthal recreates historical detail – how did decades of FBI Medieval Book and a Modern Collector is an how a fragment came to be in Takamiya’s col- investigations affect the development of black unaltered reissue of the essays in paperback lection, while Derek Brewer’s two-page essay writers born in or traveling through the U.S.? form. Designed to honour Toshiyuki Takam- gives insight into Takamiya as a scholar and – and traces the complex answer through the iya on his sixtieth birthday, the essays deal philanthropist. Brewer discusses, for instance, long course of Hoover’s life and directorship. largely with medieval manuscripts and early the ways in which Takamiya supported the Maxwell’s five interlocking theses – (1) printed books, with many of the authors scholarly community at Cambridge not only the particularities of the bureau’s and of writing about manuscripts from Takamiya’s by donating money, but also in the creation Hoover’s origins “ensured the FBI’s attention own collection. The physical book, even in and organisation of intellectual and social to African American literature” (29); (2) paperback form, pays tribute to the collector. events. Though the essays range in topic, the “aggressive filing and long study” (63) The heavy, glossy pages are adorned with two things are made clear: that Toshiyuki of such literature was deeply entwined wide margins and illustrations throughout, Takamiya is a great collector and scholar; and with the bureau’s larger expansions; (3) the and all the plates are reproduced from Pro- that he is admired and respected throughout FBI remains “perhaps the most dedicated fessor Takamiya’s collection and from Keio the wider scholarly community. Countless and forgotten critic of African American University Library where he works, thus footnotes and mentions within the text point literature” (131); (4) the FBI had a deep but furthering the festschrift’s ability to show- to Takamiya’s intelligence and generosity. largely hidden impact on the development case and praise Takamiya and his impact Since the festschrift, written by major of the Black Atlantic, “both blocking and on the scholarship of the medieval book. scholars, often has the feel of insiders speak- forcing its flows” (179); and (5) black writers’ Paul Needham begins his contribution ing to one another, I would recommend awareness of their surveillance “fills a deep with the words: “Dear Toshi, I hope you The Medieval Book and a Modern Collector in and characteristic vein” (223) of their art – will receive the following essay with a certain particular to those already familiar with build a sustained and thoughtful literary and degree of indulgence” (313). Indeed, the manuscript and early print studies. The spirit political history. While the depth of that whole collection is best read with a degree of of the volume, however, with its evident ad- history, especially in such forays as Hoover’s indulgence. As a festschrift, the essays often miration for and delight in the life and work childhood or the CIA’s alternate model of come across as snippets of research, some of Toshiyuki Takamiya, will appeal to all. literary analysis, may sometimes lie beyond without introductions or conclusions that the interests of non-specialists in this subfield, help to familiarise the reader with methodol- Cassie Brand they remain fascinating in their own right. ogy or concepts. Some chapters feel as though Drew University Library Maxwell’s careful tracing of the development you have stumbled into the middle of a con- c of a modernist canon in American English versation between the greatest of medieval departments after World War II, for William J. Maxwell. F.B. Eyes: How J. scholars. However, despite the short length instance, illustrates how both agencies’ Edgar Hoover’s Ghostreaders Framed African of the essays – some as brief as two pages modes of reading exceed oversimplified American Literature. Princeton: Princeton – excellent scholarship can be found within. models linking the CIA to abstract University Press, 2015. xiv, 367p., ill. ISBN With almost forty essays to choose from, expressionism and the FBI to social realism. 9780691130200. US $29.95. a short review cannot begin to do the volume Of greatest consequence for book justice. Nor does it allow for detailed anal- history will be Maxwell’s incisive account That Hoover’s FBI maintained extensive ysis of individual contributions. Together, of the FBI’s role in the Afro-modernist files on many prominent (and less than the authors discuss a broad range of topics expatriate scene, as he demonstrates with prominent) African American writers, from within the fields of manuscript and early print his customary precision the extent to which the early days of the Harlem Renaissance culture. The chapters are arranged roughly in agents both surveilled American writers in through the rise of the Black Arts Movement, chronological order, beginning with essays Paris and other European cultural hot spots, would hardly come as a surprise, least of all to by Rosamond McKitterick and Christopher and, more surprisingly, effectively blocked SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 25 their exits from and/or returns to the U.S. as evidence of his attempts to see the world Castle McLaughlin. A Lakota War Book through passport controls and “stop notices,” from the Irish point of view. This association from the Little Big Horn: The Pictographic standing orders to customs officials to notify with Ireland does not, however, mean that ‘Autobiography of Half Moon.’ Cambridge, MA: the bureau if named individuals attempted to Trollope succeeded in fully understanding Peabody Museum Press, 2013. 368p. ISBN- re-enter their homeland. As he concludes, the the Irish perspective. Trollope became 10: 0981885861; ISBN-13: 9780981885865. FBI “aspired to stage-manage the practice of a significant figure in Ireland, one who $41.28 (paperback). black diaspora when it failed to prevent it” worked for the improvement of the country. (206). The implications of Maxwell’s final However, as McCourt clearly underlines, For too long, pictorial narratives by Native thesis will be of equal interest for SHARP there were numerous ways in which Trollope peoples of the Plains have been labeled readers, as the closing chapters lay out a misunderstood the realities of the Irish “ledger art” – with an emphasis on art – series of examples – W.E.B. Du Bois, Claude struggle. His intentions were to promote thereby obscuring the fundamental role of McKay, Langston Hughes, Richard Wright, Ireland and push for its unification with the codex in their preparation, circulation, Ralph Ellison, Chester Himes, Amiri Baraka, England. These aims are made clear throughout and consumption. Fortunately, Castle Nikki Giovanni, and Sonia Sanchez, among his Irish novels, as McCourt adeptly explores McLaughlin’s Lakota War Book has gone a others – showing not only how fascinated the in his study, but the intended outcomes were long way toward rectifying that lapse, treating FBI was with African American literature, but not met in the ways in which Trollope hoped. an 1870s American Indian autobiographical how deeply shaped that literature was by its McCourt puts forth an honest and, at ledger housed at Harvard’s Peabody Museum producers’ knowledge of that governmental times, critical presentation of Trollope’s as a material object that partakes of both obsession, even if they could only guess at its work and his lack of true understanding indigenous iconography and narrative style specifics. With the myriad avenues for future regarding the social and political realities of as well as Euro-American literacy and print study it invites, F.B. Eyes is sure to shape nineteenth-century Ireland. Writing the Frontier capitalist practices. In producing this cogent American literary history for years to come. presents Trollope through two perspectives: interpretation and stunning 190 page full- that of his novels and that of his personal color photographic facsimile of the ledger, John K. Young behavior. By supplying both the literary McLaughlin (who is Curator of North Marshall University figure and the living man, McCourt is able American Ethnography at the Peabody) has c to successfully portray Trollope between his given scholars of bibliography and the history English upbringing and his Irish affiliations. of the book an unprecedented glimpse into John McCourt. Writing the Frontier: Anthony There are portions of the book that rely a bit the book worlds of Native Americans Trollope between Britain and Ireland. Oxford: too heavily on straightforward summaries of on the Great Plains after the Civil War. Oxford University Press, 2015. xii, 313p. the novels and short stories without detailed Like most examples of its genre, this ISBN 9780198729600. £55.00 / US $82.00 or direct critical assessment of the texts. Lakota war book is inscribed within a (hardback). Perhaps these synopses have been included memorandum book of linen and cotton rag for those readers unfamiliar with Trollope’s pages allegedly taken from the body of one With this work, John McCourt, Associate Irish works, but they do sometimes distract J.S. Moore, who was killed by a Lakota warrior Professor of English at Università Roma from McCourt’s otherwise solid arguments. in 1868. It is filled with ink and colored Tre, aims to provide a corrective of the This issue does not, however, diminish pencil sketches of important events in the traditional handling of Anthony Trollope and the considerable research that Writing the lives of several warriors who fought at the his work. Trollope’s association with English Frontier presents. McCourt has produced a Little Big Horn in 1876. Through painstaking Victorian life has led scholars to overlook his captivating and valuable tool for the study collaborative research with the late Byron Irish novels in favor of his reputation as the of a part of Trollope’s life and work that has Wilson, tribal archaeologist of the Standing “most English of English novelists” (285). hitherto been overlooked. In addition, he Rock Sioux Tribe, she has determined the McCourt explores this largely unnoticed offers a particular and personalized look at identities of many of the text’s collaborative aspect of Trollope’s work in Writing the Irish-English relations during the Victorian authors, including Thunder Hawk and Frontier, providing a valuable and insightful period through the eyes of a writer who Buffalo Tongue (whose name glyphs appear look into the Irish aspects of this significant lived on both sides of the sea. McCourt with their drawings), and several others for novelist. The scholarly work offers a clear and nicely balances literary criticism and historical whom McLaughlin has plausibly described unbiased view of the successes and failures context to present a clear picture of Trollope, tribal and band affiliation through careful of Trollope’s Irish adventures, highlighting Ireland, and the connection between the two. reading of stylistic and material culture his attempts to capture and reflect the details provided by the artists in their images. complexities and realities of Victorian Brian Shetler Although McLaughlin’s greatest Ireland. These attempts are, McCourt Drew University contribution to her own field of ethnology explains, often flawed and tend to miss more rests in her contention that this ledger than they hit. Though this may be the case, c should be considered a war book, a genre the importance of Trollope’s Irish works distinct from other ledger art collections, it on his own career should not be ignored. is her work with the ledger’s many layers of The critic positions Trollope as something bibliographic coding that makes it so useful of an Irish insider, pointing to the author’s to scholars of books and reading. Her careful, many novels and short stories set in Ireland well-researched retelling of the book’s SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 26

“biography” will be immediately recognizable Elizabeth Carolyn Miller. Slow Print: Literary social/sexual revolution, simultaneously to those who study the role of the codex in other Radicalism and Late Victorian Print Culture. reflecting “the changing nature of self and cultural contexts. Using evidence drawn from Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, voice in a new media sphere” (238) in an the book’s circuit of ownership, its paratextual 2013. xii, 380p., ill. ISBN: 9780804784085. era which had seen the invention of the materials, and its Plains culture significances, US $60.00 (hardcover). phonograph. Orage’s contribution manifests McLaughlin traces the physical movements in an intriguing regionality, through which and shifts in semiotic meanings of the material This fascinating book investigates the Miller exposes a specifically Northern object that is a book and the social practices ways in which literary radicals between English response to industrial capitalism. The that its use in different communities entails. 1880 and 1910 adopted and adapted the final chapter explores Besant’s legacy in the A key component of this analysis is the material properties of print to counter move from a broad-based social radicalism book’s provenance, for it lingered overlooked the frenetic world of nineteenth-century to a specifically sexual focus which appeared in the Peabody’s collections partly because its capitalism in the belief that “large-scale both in the radical press, and (in a move Euro-American owner had it rebound and mass-oriented print was no way to bring away from Shaw’s drama-based radicalism) prefaced it with a handwritten fictional auto- about revolutionary social change” (2). in controversial novels; this, for Miller, is “a biography of an imaginary author, a warrior Miller begins with a careful contextualisation moment when radical discourse is losing its named Half Moon. McLaughlin explores how of this turn to what she calls “slow print”: rhetorical coherence around issues of class” Phocian Howard, the Chicago Tribune report- in the early part of the nineteenth century, and fastening to “the biopolitical domain er who found it in a funerary tipi at Little Big she explains, radicals tended to embrace the of sexuality” (297) for which, perhaps, the Horn, shaped the war book into a nostalgic democratising potential of industrialisation. novel form was intrinsically well suited. throwback to popular culture representations of It was only later, in the 1880s, that radical This book makes an essential contribution America Indian peoples that circulated before writers and artists began to introduce readers to our understanding of the ways in which the Plains Wars of the 1870s. She shows how to the idea that form was intimately collected form and politics intersect in this period. Howard reorganized the original images into a to politics and that mechanical progress It is a deserving 2014 prize winner of sequence he thought made more narrative sense, was not always politically progressive. the North American Victorian Studies and he hired an artist to pen a prefatory framing Chapter 1 focusses on William Morris, Association in the depth and breadth section in a calligraphic style reminiscent of the “perhaps the most influential radical writer of its scholarship no less than in the pre-Civil war antiquarian documents, peppered of the era” (25). Among this chapter’s most masterly way in which Miller interweaves the with fanciful sketches of Indian life drawn from illuminating moments is the claim – amply various stories, movements and personalities sources like Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Weekly, and justified in the evidence – that while the across 30 years of radical history. not the work of the war book artists themselves. Kelmscott Press unarguably produced Most significantly, McLaughlin contextu- expensive goods which were out of the reach Mary Hammond alizes the Native portions of the book within of most workers, radical working-class papers University of Southampton current book history understandings of how nonetheless recognised it as “anti-capitalist in c codices are adapted and utilized by non-western spirit” (57). Chapter 2 focusses on the radical peoples. She firmly establishes the collaborative turn against realism in the 1890s through an Linda M. Morra. Unarrested Archives: Case nature of the book, identifying at least five exploration of Shaw’s jettisoning of the realist Studies in Twentieth-Century Canadian Women’s separate artists who worked on the project. She novel in favour of the theatre as a potentially Authorship. Toronto: University of Toronto also explains the presence of the book in a burial more radical public forum, a “synecdoche for Press, 2014, xi, 244 p. ISBN 978144262642- tipi, pointing out that this suggests the work was the public sphere” (84). Chapter 3 extends 3. $29.95. both associated with the traditional burial rites this work, examining new theatrical spaces of a Lakota warrior society and (having been such as The Gaiety (opened in Manchester This study considers five Canadian discovered with a bag of intercepted U.S. mail) in 1908) and key dramas for 1880s and writers: Pauline Johnson, Emily Carr, Sheila with the Native community’s growing awareness 1890s socialists by Shaw, Ibsen, and Shelley Watson, Jane Rule, and M. NourbeSe Philip, of the importance of literacy in their battles with which, although they set out to attract a more in relation to their archival presence and the the colonizers. Finally, she discusses the way that heterogeneous audience than Kelmscott had interpretive constraints that the particular narrative worked against the conventions of been able to do, ended up catering to an circumstances of their archival housing might the rectilinear ledger format, with Native artists exclusive élite just the same. Chapter 4 turns impose. The archive, Morra avers, is not often telling stories from right to left, employing its attention to poetry. Here, Miller claims, neutral. It selects, defines, and restructures. the book’s gutter as a “groundline” (a traditional “the politics of form appear … as accrued Which authors, and what material, what artistic practice in Plains pictorial art), and freely and malleable rather than innate” (169), as forms of arrangement and management mingling different people’s stories of significant radical poets sought an answer to the question are considered appropriate for institutional personal and “national” events into a material of “how to overcome political traditions endorsement? How do the structures of object that had been captured in battle and embedded in linguistic forms” (173). Chapter the particular archive shape, re-present – overwritten with their exploits in order to dram- 5 examines two of the leading lights of the or indeed, exclude – work? What archival atize their power over their American enemies. Theosophical Society as embodied in the alternatives are there to the establishment, work of Annie Besant and Alfred Orage. male, and canonical institutions? Phillip H. Round Besant’s campaigns in both printed and live The term “unarrested archives” used in University of Iowa forums combine the politics of form and Morra’s title is taken from Michel Foucault’s SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 27

The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse Andrew Nash. William Clark Russell and the work; contemporaries also appreciated his on Language; Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever Victorian Nautical Novel: Gender, Genre and the poetic descriptions. George Bernard Shaw also underlies the argument and orientation Marketplace. London: Pickering & Chatto, likened Russell to “a literary Turner … of this book’s enquiry. Derrida suggests that 2014. xii, 244p., ill. ISBN 9781848933767. capturing effects of light and atmosphere,” the word ‘archive’ derives from the word for £60 / US $99 (hardback). and able to show ships “from every available an official dwelling, a secure space, an official vantage point” (cited 99). Another notable enclosure, with connotations of detainment. Andrew Nash’s wonderful new study feature of Russell’s novels was the presence Archives can mean the actual, material body recovers a “missing link” in the history of of women, from delicate yet capable and of papers, artefacts, documents and records of the maritime novel (12). From the time of wealthy heroines to brawny, working-class the life (and in particular the writing life), their Defoe, fiction writers dramatized the sea in “female empire workers” (123). Nash relation to the institutional, semi-institutional, extreme and heroic adventures: a castaway intriguingly relates this presence to Russell’s or at least formal and deliberate lodgement marooned on a desert island; pirate and sensitivity to a female readership (honed of the archive. Or it can be taken more navy encounters steeped in sulphur and while writing sensation fiction), as well as to figuratively to mean the way in which the literary blood; and the unprecedented vistas of the concept of the New Woman emerging production has been and is now discovered, whalers spanning the globe. William Clark across the last decades of the century. read, interpreted, and contextualised. These Russell, in contrast, was the first British Tracing the course of Russell’s career to two interpretive positions are not, of course, writer to portray the dramas of ordinary life make his case, Nash develops an effective mutually exclusive. Thus the term is one at sea. Inspired by the American sea writer approach to the formidable task of open to a variety of creative interpretations. Richard Henry Dana, Jr., and drawing on recovering a forgotten writer. At the same Foucault’s avowed interest is with those his own eight years of shipboard service, time, the biographical framework risks aspects of the archive which reflect or enact Russell shared with land-based audiences the hiding insights throughout the book about a power relationships within society rather overlooked adventures of remote workers who wide-ranging set of themes, each of which than with their straightforward contents. manned the highways of global capitalism. merits further exploration. These include, Morra’s focus is specifically on issues of Moreover, Russell directly influenced Joseph for example, the historical conditions of gender, visibility, and woman’s voice. She Conrad, whom we now credit with sea maritime labour in Russell’s era and literary reads Johnson’s public stage performances of fiction’s democratizing turn – a proximity issues such as the relationship between “A Cry from an Indian Wife” as an embodied Russell’s contemporaries were first to note. gender and genre, and the impact of archive, their historical and political context After an introduction establishing Russell’s newspaper publication on narrative form. given resonance by the physical presence of the prestige as a sea writer in the Victorian era, To convince scholars that we should read author-speaker. She discusses Emily Carr’s use Nash describes Russell’s time at sea in the and teach a forgotten author, a critic must be of a male mediator and conduit, Ira Dilworth, book’s first chapter, “Sailor and Writer.” particularly stringent in delimiting the inquiry, to act as supervisor, buffer, or posthumous Joining the British merchant marine at the which requires so much context and summary interpreter. She examines Sheila Watson’s age of thirteen, Russell worked his way to make its case. William Clark Russell and the complex and at times frustrating relations with from midshipman to third mate, leaving the Victorian Nautical Novel opens up new paths the Canadian publishing industry (in contrast service in 1866 with his health destroyed. of exploration for scholars interested in the with the literary career of her husband) and He then embarked on a literary career, maritime world, as well as for those interested the later recuperation of her journals. The distinguished by his willingness to follow in adventure and sensation fiction, and treatment of the Gay Liberation archival project the waves of the market. In the study’s more generally in the field of nineteenth- with which author Jane Rule is associated second chapter, “Writing as a Woman,” century literature. Nash successfully places considers questions of censorship and free Nash details how Russell was particularly Russell as an important figure in the history speech with regard to the archive. Finally, drawn to sensation fiction, using female or and development of the Victorian novel. Rule trusted the university rather than a public gender-ambiguous pennames: a fluidity all the archive (111). The chapter on NourbeSe Philip’s more provocative given Russell’s first career Margaret Cohen withheld African Canadian archive sets out the in the masculine environment of the ship. Stanford University parameters of the counter-, or minor archive. Nash thus sets the stage to explore Morra’s field is an intensely and Russell’s success as a sea novelist, almost c exclusively Canadian one, and her individual a decade after the commencement of his Lucy Pearson. The Making of Modern Children’s examples contain a range of detail the non- literary career, from his breakthrough work Literature in Britain: Publishing and Criticism The Wreck of the Grosvenor Canadian reader may struggle with. Yet the to late novels such in the 1960s and 1970s. “Ashgate Studies in The Convict Ship relationships and dynamics she outlines in as . Across his writings, Russell Childhood, 1700 to the Present.” Farnham: her treatment of her various authors and mined the lives of seamen on “smacks,” Ashgate, 2013. ISBN 9781409443414. x, the application of her sustained theorised “brigs,” “little schooners,” “big ships,” and 222p. £55.00 (hardcover). perspective will have relevance for scholars’ “homely tugboats,” finding “stories of fire, consideration of other national literatures of shipwreck … of lonely men face to The Making of Modern Children’s Literature and their existing or potential archives. face with hideous death … of mutiny, of in Britain: Publishing and Criticism in the 1960s murder,” and of “the real romance of the and 1970s by Lucy Pearson is a deeply Jane Stafford sea” (Russell’s comments, cited 87). Russell researched and valuable contribution to Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand was not only admired for his portrayal of SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 28 the field of children’s literature adding to within this context, the rise in quality of children’s books a more prominent and the understanding of fiction written for writing for children in the 1950s was a result of influential place in the cultural and economic children. This monograph does far more than editors “shaping contemporary debates about market. However, continuing the work of the title would suggest, although in itself it what children’s literature could, or should do” previous Puffin editors Eleanor Graham is an accurate representation of the work. (2). In conjunction, authors such as J.R.R. and Margaret Clark, Webb sustained “an Pearson has produced an historical critique Tolkien and C.S. Lewis stimulated a “golden ethos in which high standards were defined of the influences of the publishing industry age of children’s publishing in the 1960s” (4). by more than commercial success” (75). and the key roles series editors played in The depth and encompassing approach The Puffin series set a standard for what shaping and constructing the development adopted by Pearson to the subject is a good children’s book should be. This was of literature as gatekeepers between author impressive, for her contextualisation takes in terms of literary quality and the ethical and reader. This is not the case universally. account, as said, of political and economic and moral ethos which was looking to a As the doctoral research of Shereen Kreidieh influences, combined with an appreciation society undergoing radical changes, such demonstrates (“The Publishing and Marketing of the literary outputs and history as well as an increasingly multicultural orientation, of Lebanese Children’s Books in the Arab as the effect that such movements and the efforts of the Feminist movement, and World,” unpublished PhD thesis, Oxford developments were having more widely in the the effects on class perceptions following Brookes University, 2016), in some Middle fields of academic criticism and appreciation. the innovations of the Welfare State Eastern countries, the publishing industry The interest and efforts made by librarians with widening educational opportunities. does not employ editors as a designated and academics to become more formally Aidan Chambers’ contribution as editor role. Editorial approaches and tasks are organised in the dissemination and critical of Topliners was more age specific, targeting absorbed into the activities of the individual assessment of writing for children is clearly the reluctant teenage reader (126). He shared publisher in a less influential manner, the documented in the historical account of the Webb’s thinking on the need for high quality emphasis being on publication per se. This establishment of formal organisations and texts which were morally and ideologically was not the case of Kaye Webb and Aidan the institution of book awards, elements of informed, however, his interpretation of Chambers, the two key editors in the English the book world which can be overlooked “quality” was wider, developing “a list which publishing scene of the 1960s and 1970s, as being associated with cultural shifts. was founded upon the tastes and preferences upon whom Pearson has focussed amongst Furthermore, as Pearson points out, this of its adolescent readers” (130). His target other children’s editors of the period who, as overall movement had an influence on the readership and market were for the adolescent she notes, also made valuable contributions. ideological conceptualisation of childhood. reader or rather non-reader as identified in Pearson’s monograph analyses the The readership for Pearson’s work is thus educational reports such as that of the considerable influence Webb had, as editor wider than that of the literary historian, for Newsom Report (1963). Pearson remarks: of Puffin Books, and Chambers, as editor it effectively fills a potential gap in childhood “Aidan Chambers’ assertion that adolescent of Topliner Macmillan, in shaping English and educational studies in the construction readers needed a specialist literature reflects literature for children and teenage/young of childhood. For example, children’s editors a more socially focused view of quality which adult readers. Pearson’s work contextualises “were actively engaged in shaping” (11) considered the experiences of readers as well the contribution and influence of Webb and discourses on subjects such as racism, class as the literary aspects of the books.” (127) Chambers. Pearson begins with situating and gender which were “concerned with With around ten thousand new books the “second golden age” of English fiction children’s publishing as an agent of social for children and adolescents published in for children, a gilded age which Kaye change” (11). Literary historians in the field the U.K. each year, contemporary adolescent and Chambers amongst others would of children’s literature have more readily and young adult fiction holds a strong fundamentally create. The approach of the considered the nineteenth century as a period place in this buoyant market. The work of work throughout employs the perspective of when children’s literature embodied and Aidan Chambers broke boundaries with cultural materialism, that is, linking political, looked to shape moral and social attitudes, the writers he published and in his own economic, and educational contexts with therefore Pearson’s work both fills a gap and novels. Identity, gender, sexuality, social, their influence on the literary. This is an opens up wider considerations of the moral and health concerns such as obesity and exemplary approach that demonstrates the and social influence of children’s literature anorexia, the crises of adolescence and often overshadowed importance which wider in the mid-decades of the twentieth century. metal health are now common subjects for contexts have on literary output. Authors do Against and into this detailed adolescent and young adult readers who not work in isolation, for their work is subject contextualisation, Pearson has situated the have a far more honest perspective on life to the market place as well as to political and work of Webb and Chambers, which makes than the closeted and overly boundaried economic influences. Following the shifts in a great deal of sense and clearly demonstrates reader before the innovations of Chambers. thinking in Britain after the Second World how and why their influence was so extensive In conclusion, Pearson has done an War, a new context emerged: “High levels of and radical. Founded in 1939 the Puffin excellent job upon which this review has social funding helped to provide a buoyant paperback books for children held a small necessarily only briefly touched. The Making market for children’s books in schools and place in the market with only twelve titles of Modern Children’s Literature in Britain is libraries; at the same time, changing ideas (73). Webb joined Puffin in 1961 and took for academics, students, and the interested about childhood and education brought the over the Puffin series, which expanded reader: a text which is also refreshingly very concept of a good book for children under considerably including the innovative Puffin readable. The material is clearly organised into increasing scrutiny.” (2) As Pearson elucidates children’s book club and magazine (74), giving sections so that one can focus on particular SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 29 aspects of this complex study in addition to in smoke and flames. It was as if I witnessed development, such as Mark Aronson’s elegant the overall argument. This is an important a life come to an end.” (52) Throughout the 1999 prediction for how the young adult contribution to the understanding of the field volume, one gains a clear sense of Graham’s genre is likely to develop: “Whatever new of English children’s literature and a must read. international viewpoint. Contributions forms YA takes, I think it will hearken back include an exploration of censorship within to its two initial forms: the direct expression Jean Webb a market known to very few (Iran) but of teenage experience and the invention University of Worcester through principles familiar to many, and one of new worlds as wild, dangerous and c by Eva Kniessel, on establishing a market for profound as this one feels to the teenagers translated fiction, in this case Chinese. While who are first learning to master it.” (75) On Angus Phillips, ed. The Cottage by the Highway the United Kingdom and the United States the same subject, Michael Kruger reflects: and Other Essays on Publishing: 25 Years of Logos. may regard themselves as the axes of the “To publish literary books one has to be Leiden: Brill, 2015. ISBN 9789004283527. international publishing industry, clearly much utterly convinced that they tell something xviii, 354p., ill. €59 / US $76 (paperback). can be learned from its operation elsewhere. that cannot be told in any other way” (83), Who are the publishers involved? Perhaps which could surely work for any type of Gordon Graham used his retirement the most interesting facet of the collection is publishing, at any level. Similarly Betty from Butterworths to launch a long- the light it sheds on the nature of the publisher Ballantine’s summary of her U.S. role (“Spot considered publication. His intention was – the individual who, to quote Jerome S. Rubin the demand and import as many, or as few, to capture thoughtful content around the from the first issue, “must, therefore, be always copies of each title as it seemed to warrant,” publishing process, to expand and explore on the move – updating substance, improving 41) is capable of much wider application. how decisions had been made. While the process, and creating new possibilities for The book is packed with such little gems, nature of publishing can be explained in format” (9). Short obituaries of publishers witnessing the wealth of experience tapped. a series of “how to” functions, would-be do sometimes appear in the national press, The value of innovation emerges publishers learn early that many processes but here is a really rich source of material. We throughout. Robert Maxwell champions must be handled concurrently rather than learn that Robert Maxwell “relied on intuition, the sharing of scientific research and in consecutively. It follows that there is much to charm and an abundance of chutzpah,” and the process explores how new publishing be learned from how others have managed. would regularly throw “mail out the window technologies could increase the options Graham’s rationale reflected his international of his speeding Rolls Royce, piece by piece available for dissemination. Rubin speculates perspective and desires to overcome both as he read it” (163-180). Deconstructing the that: “While the ‘age of the book’ may national and disciplinary boundaries. The success of Eva Neurath, Tom Rosenthal be coming to an end, the book itself new journal would “focus on meanings, not remarks: “Her prodigious charm was allied will not die; it will increasingly become a news; on experiences interpreted as well as to an entirely original mind, well stocked creature of the new electronic technologies reported; on history more as illumination with everything from Jungian analysis to the instead of the once new technologies than reminiscence. It will give equal respect to contents of the world museums” (161) – and of paper, ink and moveable type.” (10) passionate beliefs and detached analysis. It will she had a habit of examining the handwriting The fact that this celebration of Logos encourage humour and anecdote. Its interest of every potential employee. Paul Hamlyn’s is now offered in book format, a tempter in personalities will be limited to the extent “universally recognised asset was a near for the full range of material available on that their thoughts and activities dramatize perfect sense of timing … something he subscription, shows both the journal’s and the issues.” (xvii-xviii) He was proud when cultivated by being secret about his future Graham’s continued influence. And it augurs contemporaries compared his approach plans” (126). And Diana Athill identifies well for the future. Long may the journal, to the editorial policy of The Economist. Andre Deutch’s “rare and useful gift: in him as the current editor intends, continue This collection, brought together by his there was hardly any gap between thinking to offer “international and intercultural, successor as editor, Angus Phillips, is a worthy and doing” (141), this gift being supported by bridging gaps between academia and summation of the journal’s history. Important a “genuine inability to see any point of view business, the developed and the developing speeches are captured and commissioned but his own” (143). Intuition lay behind Tim worlds, and books and digital media” (xi). pieces secure the reflections of the key book Waterstone’s decision to spend the last of his business figures. Thus we gain the succinct W H Smith redundancy pay-out on his first Alison Baverstock observations of Ian Norrie, best-known bookshop, but he further reflects that most Kingston University bookseller of his day, and of Tim Rix on successful entrepreneurs “are driven by an c the education sector, as well as comparative inability to forgive themselves” – in his case, (and early) demographic analysis of the a long-term struggle with the “contempt Elena Pierazzo. Digital Scholarly Editing: market for romantic fiction in the United shown to me by my late father” (225-26). Theories, Models and Methods. Farnham, Kingdom and Sweden. We also gain first-hand On publishing principles, the collection Surrey: Ashgate, 2015. x, 242p., ill. ISBN observations of experiences we hope not to is equally enlightening. One consistently 9781472412119. £65.00 (hardcover). share. Tatjana Prastalo, for instance, observes senses the journal’s role as gentle educator. the destruction of the National Library of The collection offers a few good essay titles, Before there was digital humanities, there Bosnia and Herzgovina in Sarajevo: “Amid such as Maarten Asscher’s: “This industrious, was electronic editing. Although it might explosions, the magnificent old building, but far from industrial, industry” (Discuss, not always seem that way, the application together with its volumes, was disappearing 56). There are summaries ripe for further SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 30 of digital technology in the production and as a distinct interdiscipline; in fact, it was book is the first of its kind, but it will dissemination of scholarly editions has come instrumental in its development in that influence debates for a long time to come. of age. The first editions to be released in electronic editing played a considerable digital format date back to the mid 1990s. part in what was in the early days called Wim Van Mierlo The use of computers to make a scholarly humanities computing. For that reason digital Loughborough University edition that appeared in print is even older; scholarly editing does not – and cannot – c the first to be produced in this way is Hans exist outside the more general debates in Walter Gabler’s Critical and Synoptic Edition digital humanities if it wants to continue to Henry Power. Epic into Novel: Henry Fielding, of Ulysses (1984), which used a modular thrive. Pierazzo repeatedly stresses that what Scriblerian Satire, and the Consumption of Classical programme called TUSTEP, developed at makes an edition digital is not just the way Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, the University of Tübingen, for its collation in which it is disseminated – e.g. by offering 2015. xiv, 242p., ill. ISBN 9780198723875. £ and bespoke encoding of the “synoptic” editions in pdf-format online, which is what 55.00 / US $95.00 (hardback). text. Yet despite the proliferation of digital Oxford University Press does with their scholarly editions, and the widespread belief Oxford Scholarly Editions Online – but the Henry Power in his Epic into Novel argues that the future of textual scholarship lies way in which it operates as a resource. The that Henry Fielding’s works “grew out of (if not entirely, at least to a great extent) in presence of specifically digital hermeneutic a debate over the place of classical epic in the digital medium, what a digital scholarly and heuristic operations that the digital edition an age of consumerism” (2). Against the edition is – or should be – is far from is built to perform sets it apart from editions background of Scriblerian tradition, Power settled. This is one of the lessons to be that may be delivered digitally but that in analyses the author’s endeavours to reconcile learnt from Elena Pierrazo’s excellent Digital essence imitate the structures and operations the conventions of the epic, a literary form Scholarly Editing: Theories, Models and Methods. of the printed edition. In her book, Pierazzo created to last, and the novel forms designed Pierazzo’s new book is in part a remedy, skilfully embeds the debates about digital as consumable and disposable products. in part a proliferation of the uncertainty scholarly within the wider concerns of digital His intent is to show that Fielding puts about the form and function of a digital humanities. The chapters on modelling the the conventional tropes of the epic to a scholarly edition; she does not hesitate to digital scholarly edition as a formalized activity different use. Whereas Jonathan Swift, John point out the drawbacks of digital editions, to conceptualize editions and plan editorial Gay, and Alexander Pope created images both generally as a medium for presenting projects introduce an entirely new element of food and consumption while parodying edited texts and specifically where the in the discussion about scholarly editing. the practices of textual criticism to augur current state of the technology or the Digital Scholarly Editing is thus not a how-to cultural apocalypse, Fielding employed lack of vision and adequate skills limit book. Pierazzo is very clear about this: her them to create “a consumable epic” (189), their potential. This is not a shortcoming, purpose is to delve into the theoretical and a new literary form that could “reconcile however, but intended to advance the debate. methodological underpinnings of the digital epic spirit with consumable form” (3). Pierazzo is clear in her advocacy: what is edition and to reflect critically on the rationales Power begins his study with an interesting needed are not just online editions, but and conceptions that inform digital editorial analysis of the representation of food in “more daring digital editions” that “work as practice. In that respect, Digital Scholarly Editing classical literature to stress the incongruity laboratories of textual scholarship” (204). is different from – and complements – a of “eating and epic” which “were not Throughout her study Pierazzo offers book like Peter Shillingsburg’s From Gutenberg supposed to mix” (2) and to demonstrate strong statements and opinions like this, to Google: Electronic Representations of Literary that Fielding’s representation of the “epic but despite her frequent disagreement with Texts (2004), which very much presents a in culinary terms was a savage violation other scholars in the field, she carefully vision rather than a theory of digital scholarly of literary decorum” (146). The argument represents and negotiates conflicting views. editing. The sort of questions that Pierazzo is supported by a selection of excerpts She is adept at picking out the blind spots probes, therefore, are quite fundamental. The from classical texts (quoted in original and or generalizations in the opinions of others most important of these is whether digital provided with translations), the aim of without ever becoming totally prescriptive scholarly editing is “something truly new which is to make a forceful point that epics herself. The value of her book in the very or just the same activity in a new medium” are invariably associated with universality, least lies in that she guides the reader through (208). The answer is neither quite one or the timelessness, asceticism, and austerity; even the arguments of the last 20 years and brings other. Pierazzo does not see digital editing the scenes of eating that they include had these up to date, particularly about the use and and editing for print as different activities nothing to do with the sensual delight of users of digital editions, their preservation in absolute terms. Instead she explores the consumption, which was “fundamental to and sustainability, and the role of markup far-reaching implications that using digital the eighteenth-century imagination” (19). and TEI, but also about forms of publication technology has on the preparation and The preoccupation of modern literature with (the web has replaced the CD-Rom as the delivery of digital editions, which demands consumption is illustrated with numerous most common form of dissemination, but not only new modes of working, but also a poetic, biographical, and scholarly works what other options are viable: e-Books, radical rethinking of our notions of text and that shed light on the cultural climate of the apps, hybrid forms?) and the type of document, and of what a scholarly edition period and provide a rich context for the edition digital scholarly editing produces. actually is and what (or who) it is for. Wide- analyses of texts authored by Scriblerians (e.g. Digital scholarly editing may very well ranging, comprehensive, soundly, and at the Swift’s A Tale of a Tub, Gay’s Art of Walking predate the emergence of digital humanities same time provocatively argued, Pierazzo’s the Streets, Pope’s Dunciad) and by Fielding SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 31

(Joseph Andrews, Tom Jones, and Amelia). Paula Rabinowitz. American Pulp: How of “pulp,” a term used varyingly as verb, Power’s study focuses on the analysis Paperbacks Brought Modernism to Main Street. noun, and adjective, and which functions of the conventions which emerged as a Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, as her conceptual and critical engine. Her result of the tension between classical and 2014. xvii. 390p., ill. ISBN 9780691150604. concept of pulp at times furthers reductive modern literary values and on the way US $29.95. concepts of popular forms. For example, Fielding “adapts and transforms Scriblerian her consideration of sensational crime tropes” (165) to alleviate it. The analysis of Paula Rabinowitz’s American Pulp explores stories as quintessential “pulp” overlooks Fielding’s use of textual criticism in the self- the effects that the mid-century paperback had the fact that the modern romance genre conscious layer of his novels to reconcile on “constructions of American racial, class, was a pulp category that outsold crime their incongruous claims of consanguinity sexual, and gender relations” (30). Her premise fiction. As a result, the book sometimes with both classical and modern literature is that “pulps,” the loose term she applies to uncritically repeats a patriarchal pattern is particularly insightful. The argument, on popular paperback reprints, made literary of canonization wherein feminine genres, the whole, is convincing, but some points modernism available for a mass audience. such as romance, melodrama, and the seem formulated in too forceful a manner, Rabinowitz offers examples where popular confessional, are eclipsed in favor of attention which may give them clarity at the expense forms blur the line between high and low to genres closer to male-defined modernism, of complexity. The author of Epic into Novel, culture, inspire modernist works, and create such as true crime and hard-boiled. for example, considers the epic as a carrier of touchstones for communities of working- Rabinowitz’s methodology relies upon universal values and grand themes overstating class readers. Case studies, such as how 1930s one dialectic concept: that these popular the abstract and idealised view on the genre, true crime photo-magazines inspired Richard forms “pulp” (i.e. break down) cultural which was crumbling away as a result of the Wright and James Agee or Borges’ 1940s distinctions. She never actually defines analyses provided by modern philologists. appearances in Ellery Queen’s Mystery Magazine, “pulp” beyond general instances of demotic The description of Scriblerian writings make up the bulk of the book. Rabinowitz or “promiscuous” reading across cultural understates their equivocal representation also gives a short (and personal) overview of borders, and she seems to apply it to almost of modern literary culture, the simultaneous “pulp” and identifies her critical apparatus any instance of popular republication. As a repugnance and fascination with its practices, – how “pulp” offers a cultural “interface” result, the book, in its reductive expansiveness to which critics have repeatedly drawn between “overlapping fields or systems” (42). (to coin an oxymoron), fails to do justice attention (Emrys Jones’s “Pope and Dullness” Although each of the case studies features to the complexity of the ecosystems of is an early example of this trend in criticism). original readings, the book as a whole publishing, popular reading, and modernism. It seems too radical a claim to make that suffers from a lack of contextualization American Pulp is thought-provoking as an Fielding managed to release the tension that should embed the paperback within exercise in cultural studies—full of insightful between classical and modern literature the larger field of popular publishing. For readings and seldom-scrutinized texts. and to “create the overall effect … of example, she overlooks almost entirely the For the print or material culture historian, harmony” between them only to revel in all-fiction wood-pulp paper magazine, the however, its lack of significant engagement “creative possibilities of this new literary pre-cursor of the paperback and the form with material culture and the longer history milieu” (4). While the general argument from which stems the paperbacks’ marketing of popular print culture is a disappointment. that Fielding’s novels reflect a greater techniques. These magazines did much disposition to accept the commercialization of the work that Rabinowitz attributes to David Earle of literature is convincing, the description the paperback, and did so decades earlier. University of West Florida of Scriblerians’ and Fielding’s literature as Rabinowitz calls the book a “history of radically different in their assessment of paper, or rather, paperback books” (23), c the impact of consumer culture on literary which might lead one to believe that her L.D. Reynolds and N.G. Wilson. Scribes and creation seems to be overstated. These methodology would consider materiality of Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek reservations do not, however, change the the printed object. However, the paperback, and Latin Literature. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford fact that Henry Power’s Epic into Novel is a the nominal subject of study, often gets lost University Press, 2013. ix, 325p., 16p. valuable contribution to understanding the due to her attention to other non-printed b/w plates. ISBN 9780199686322. £75.00 adaptation of eighteenth-century literature material: paintings, sculpture, photography, (hardcover). to the demands of the literary marketplace. for example. Whereas this often contextualizes paperback cover design into the larger cultural Scribes and Scholars has been for half a Joanna Maciulewicz aesthetics, it does so at the cost of the century the definitive introduction to the Adam Mickiewicz University materiality of print. For example, her chapter transmission of classical Greek and Latin on the lesbian paperbacks of the 1950s and 60s c texts from the ancient world through to the depends entirely on reading into mid-century High Renaissance. First issued in 1968, and lingerie, effectively reducing the complexity then revised in 1974, its major expansion of lesbian culture as profiled in these came with the third edition of 1991. This paperbacks to a singular and monolithic trope. new, fourth edition is fundamentally the More importantly, this lack of attention same book as the third, modified with minor to the materiality and history of print tweaks that take in the last quarter-century, also undermines her loose interpretation especially: (i) new discoveries of ancient SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 32 texts, (ii) developments in digital tools, Rome, Oxford, 2011). On chapter 2.IV (257): Richard H. Rouse and Mary A. Rouse. Bound and (iii) the updating of bibliographical recent cases are cited where Syriac texts have Fast with Letters: Medieval Writers, Readers, and references. Since Leighton Reynolds died informed our knowledge and understanding Texts. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre in 1999, these revisions have been made of Greek texts. On chapter 3.VII (266-7): Dame Press, 2013. xvi, 570p., ill. ISBN by Nigel Wilson, with the assistance of the major and unparalleled contributions of 9780268040338. US $89.00 (paperback). Michael Reeve: the result is a companion Birger Munk Olsen in recent decades to the that will be of value for several decades. study of Carolingian manuscripts are helpfully Bound Fast with Letters chronicles In the main text (1-242) changes are outlined. On chapter 5.VI: further details are four decades of one of America’s great rare, small, and specific. The great majority given about the Archimedes Palimpsest (289), bibliographic research collaborations, that of the book therefore covers the same with which Wilson had close involvement, of Richard Rouse and Mary Rouse. We scope as previous editions with similarly and the controversial Artemidorus Papyrus ought to shelve this volume of eighteen admirable lucidity, concision, and wit. No (290), without bias as to its origin; the “new essays, originally published between 1973 substantial change is made in the main text Sappho” (P. Köln 21351, 21376), however, is not and 2010, next to Authentic Witnesses, the of the first four chapters (1: “Antiquity,” mentioned. Updated information is provided Rouses’ earlier edition of collected essays 1-43; 2: “The Greek East,” 44-79; 3: “The about research at Herculaneum and on the published in 1991. Together the two volumes Latin West,” 80-122; 4: “The Renaissance,” inscription of Diogenes of Oenoanda (291). tell the story of an intellectual partnership 123-64); the one illustration, a map of The final section of notes on Chapter 6, which grounded in the knowledge that medieval the monastic centres of Western Europe concerns the use of computers in editing, has books themselves were sites of lively (83), has been redrawn to good effect. been rewritten. Whereas the third edition advised collaborative labor and social politesse. The fifth chapter (“Some aspects of that “students can keep abreast of developments The essays in this collection are densely scholarship since the Renaissance,” 165-207), in the field by referring to the journals now being informative, thoroughly researched, carefully by contrast, has profited from new and more published to meet this particular need” (292), argued, meticulous in their attention to relevant material in its sixth subdivision, “VI: the fourth edition instead records “the practical method, and generous in their engagement Discoveries of texts since the Renaissance,” and theoretical difficulties which arise” (297), with other scholars. Richard and Mary which is both natural and reassuring. The referencing the measured analyses of Wilson Rouse’s disciplined, precise, and imaginative brief account of the important Archimedes and Reeve. The final sentence, which cites bibliography builds worlds out of and around Papyrus has gained the further remark: David Parker’s work on the New Testament manuscript books. In their hands, books of “Thanks to multi-spectral imaging it is now for discussion of “the potential of electronic poetry, homilies, biblical exegesis, military possible not only to decipher rather more editions,” is disappointingly brief. Much more strategy, romance, or classical literature seem of the Archimedes text but to recover could be said about the advances in online to conjure the medieval hands that created from previously illegible folios parts of two editing, where physical space is no longer limited, them and to replay the conversations that speeches by the Athenian orator Hyperides and elements from different sources can be took place over them. From their examination and of a commentary on Aristotle’s Categories.” juxtaposed before the reader in a way that is of five manuscripts scattered across three (196) Reference is also made (200) to the impossible in a three-dimensional edition. countries the Rouses fashion the scene of a significant developments in our knowledge The index of manuscripts (299-307) and collaborative venture among poet Watriquet about ancient libraries that have come general index (308-21) remain copious and de Couvin, Parisian libraire Thomas de from Galen’s treatise Περὶ ἀλυπίας [On the useful. Given that this is the fourth issuing of Maubeuge, and his dream team of scribes and avoidance of grief], a work that was discovered the work, typographical errors are rare, and are illuminators to create a set of manuscripts of by a research student in Thessaloniki but limited to new additions, and a few minor points French dits for King Philip VI and his circle. ten years ago. The sixth and final chapter of formatting (especially in the critical apparatus Some essays take up isolated topics, such (“Textual criticism,” 208-42) is largely for Chapter 6). as the nomenclature associated with medieval unchanged, although it records at its close the The sixteen plates that close the volume, wax tablets or the ninth-century Burgundian revolutionary impact that the online presence summarised in a brief set of codicological origins of a parchment binding fragment of the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae and Latinae notes (322-5), are of a higher quality and that emerged in a 1926 Leipzig booksale, database had had upon text-critical studies. resolution than in previous editions but one but more often than not, the Rouses take More significant changes occur in the which, paradoxically, occasionally produces less us to fourteenth-century Paris, into the extensive endnotes to the book’s six chapters welcome results, since ink bleed-through is more commercial book trade workshops along (245-98), of which the following are the visible than in earlier versions. Comparison of the rue Neuve-Notre-Dame and the Left most apparent. On chapter 1.VIII (253): the the third and fourth editions will substantiate this Bank, or to the nearby south slope of Mont- remarkable Kellis Isocrates codex appears complaint in the case of plates VI (Edinburgh Sainte-Geneviève where we find the dowager (late s.IV, consisting of nine wooden boards), NLS MS Advocates’ 18.7.15: 13th cent. Aratus’ countess of Saint-Pol, Marie de Bretagne which contains three previously lost essays Phaenomena) and IX (Florence MS Laur. 39.1: and two of her daughters commissioning on kingship by the Attic orator Isocrates. 5th cent. Mediceus of Vergil with Asterius’ collections of devotional, didactic, and On chapter 1.IX (254): the text has been subscription). Students can still attempt to read liturgical texts. Their commissions, which rewritten to highlight that the dominant these texts – but their task is now harder. reflect the height of Parisian biblio-fashion, contribution of Arnaldo Momigliano has add to a family library that had previously been challenged by the work of Alan David Butterfield been shaped by the literary tastes of their Cameron in particular (The Last Pagans of University of Cambridge provincial ancestors who had preferred a SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 33 chanson de geste or an exotic prose romance. escrito de la implantada burocracia moderna, diversos actores en la “sociedad política” For the Rouses each manuscript book y de las posibles representaciones de poder colonial, objetivo final de la Corona española. begins an adventure. They follow the que originaba la “ley escrita”, que debía La documentación oficial emanada thirteenth-century English scribe Raulinus custodiarse en el “arca triclave” de los por órganos como los cabildos representa of Fremington from his birthplace in Devon municipios (Rubio toma como ejemplo para Rubio, al menos en el cabildo de to Paris where he collaborates with other paradigmático la Recopilación de Leyes de Indias la villa de Medellín, un alto nivel de British expat scribes and illuminators, and de 1680 y su mantenimiento en el Cabildo sometimiento a la Ley. Es una Ley en then to Bologna where he and two Parisian de la Villa de Medellín dieciochesca). En “forma escrita” de la que, en su detallado illuminators create a magnificent bible. The cada uno de los múltiples acápites del tercer capítulo, Rubio estudia sus “orígenes Rouses discover within the text of that bible libro, el autor efectúa vaivenes narrativos escriturarios” para demostrar su fuerza scribal notes in Latin in which Raulinus entre los siglos XVI y XVIII, sin guiarse simbólica como representación de poder confesses to a weakness for Bolognese por un hilo conductor estrictamente lineal, monárquico, además de su valor práctico. women, a circumstance which has literally tomando dicho arco cronológico como No cabe duda que la historiografía cost him the coat on his back. How does un periodo donde se generalizó un común colonial colombiana en particular está urgida one ferret out such insertions tucked amidst sistema administrativo del que hacía parte el al menos de dos cosas características de este a book as large as a bible? The same way Archivo, una institución escasamente tratada libro. La primera es el acercamiento más one differentiates a Parisian bible from a por la Historia y protagonista en esta obra. detallado a la historia de la cultura escrita Bolognese bible crafted by itinerant Parisian Se pretende demostrar cómo la imposición en general y concretamente a la cultura artisans – superhuman powers of examination. de códigos culturales uniformes, atravesados jurídico–legal, así como al estudio de las The rich notes and appendices that por la lengua castellana, hegemónica y instituciones administrativas y judiciales accompany these essays are a gift to future glotofágica, permitía comunicar e intercambiar que le daban sustento, caso de los cabildos. researchers: codicological descriptions, información documental que, por fuerza La segunda es el trabajo meticuloso y editions, translations, and in one remarkable de ley, debía depositarse en los archivos sistemático en los archivos locales, como los case, a complete catalog of Richard de institucionales para legitimar su propia consultados por Rubio en las ciudades de Cali, Fournival’s now dispersed thirteenth- existencia y significado. El documento Cartago, Popayán, y sobre todo, Medellín. century library of classical literature. burocrático representaba así, en sus Todo lo anterior se nos antoja insoslayable Richard Rouse’s and Mary Rouse’s skillful procedimientos archivísticos, el producto para lograr imbricar de modo paulatino and generous research has made them de una práctica jurídico–administrativa que todos estos relatos historiográficos que veritable institutions in manuscript studies, potenciaba la formación de una cultura enfatizan en lo institucional, con otros que les qualities this collection clearly evidences. de la memoria: “La escritura y su archivo sirvan de complemento para lograr síntesis se fue afianzando como instrumento que globales sobre los significados y asunciones Vickie Larsen permitía responder a las exigencias de de la Ley por parte de los miembros de University of Michigan-Flint precisión, orden y gobierno”, una eficaz los múltiples sectores de la población del herramienta gubernativa que protegía los vasto Nuevo Reino de Granada. Es un c derechos contraídos y permitía a la vez interesante desafío todavía pendiente para los administrar el orden político, fiscal, y judicial investigadores de la época comprendida entre Alfonso Rubio Hernández. La escritura del de una población cada vez más grande. los siglos XVI y XVIII en América Latina. archivo. Recurso simbólico y poder práctico en el Nuevo A Rubio Hernández le interesan Reino de Granada. Cali: Universidad del Valle, particularmente los documentos jurídico– Andrés David Muñoz C. 2014. 157p. ISBN 9789587650969. legales, pues estima que – por su “fuerte valor Universidad del Valle simbólico y autoritario” – son los que mejor Alfonso Rubio Hernández es profesor del vienen a ejemplificar el carácter normalizador Alfonso Rubio Hernández. La escritura del Departamento de Historia de la Universidad del documento escrito, el poder letrado de la archivo. Recurso simbólico y poder práctico en el del Valle (Cali, Colombia) y su ingente burocracia colonial, y los lazos indisolubles Nuevo Reino de Granada. Cali: Universidad producción bibliográfica abarca diversos entre escritura y ley. Desde mediados del del Valle, 2014. 157p. ISBN 9789587650969. géneros escriturarios como la poesía, la siglo XVIII, los Borbones ya no disimularon crónica, la crítica literaria, la archivística, y la más la política agresiva de extinción de las Alfonso Rubio Hernández is a professor diplomática. La escritura del archivo, su obra más lenguas nativas americanas; el estudio de los of History at the Universidad del Valle (Cali, reciente, es fruto parcial de su investigación dispositivos contenidos en diversidad de reales Colombia) and his extensive bibliographic doctoral y ha sido editada por la Colección cédulas – tipo documental muy reseñado en production corresponds to diverse scriptural Historia y Espacio del Departamento la obra – así lo patentiza. Y no resulta factible genres including literary studies, archival de Historia de la Universidad del Valle. abordar el problema de la colonización science, and diplomatics. His most recent La escritura del archivo se puede adscribir sin lingüística sin tener en cuenta que el castellano work is La escritura del archivo. Recurso simbólico ambages al campo de la “historia de la cultura era la lengua de los documentos, la lengua del y poder práctico en el Nuevo Reino de Granada (The escrita”. Rubio habla en ella del desarrollo de Derecho, de obligatorio conocimiento para writing of the archive. Symbolic resource la paulatina imposición de la lengua castellana todo súbdito de la Corona, más aún para and practical power in the New Kingdom en los territorios americanos, de la relevancia elevar representaciones ante las autoridades of Granada). A partial result of his doctoral que se concedió en ellos al documento regias, todo lo cual iba introduciendo a los research, this study relates to the history of SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 34 written culture, and has been published by the one’s case before the authorities, all of which a special edition of Revista de filología inglesa Colección Historia y Espacio of the History contributed to the integration of diverse (2012); John Gower: Manuscripts, Readers, Department at the Universidad del Valle. actors into “la sociedad política” (urbane Contexts (Brepols, 2009); and England and In La escritura del archivo, Rubio Hernández society), the ultimate objective of the Crown. Iberia in the Middle Ages, 12th–15th Century discusses the imposition of the Spanish The official documentation issued by (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007). The essays language in American territories and the institutions such as the cabildos represents for comprise the work of nineteen contributors, authority conferred upon the written Rubio (at least in the case of the cabildo of the majority of which are seasoned scholars document by the modern bureaucracy Medellín) a high level of submission to the law. including María Bullón-Fernández, R. implanted in those domains. He studies as This is a law in “forma escrita” (written form) F. Yeager, Alastair J. Minnis, Winthrop well the possible representations of power whose “orígenes escriturarios” (scholarly Wetherbee and María Luisa López-Vidriero implied by the safekeeping of the “ley escrita” origins) Rubio Hernández studies in his detailed Abelló, director of the Royal Library, (written law) within the “arca triclave” (chest third chapter, demonstrating their symbolic Madrid. The general focus is on the Confessio with three locks) in municipal buildings, taking force as a representation of monarchical Amantis, though other works are also treated, as a paradigmatic example the Recopilación de power, in addition to their practical value. and all chapters are presented in English. Leyes de Indias of 1680 and its storage at Undoubtedly this book presents at least The chapters are divided evenly over five the cabildo of Medellín in the eighteenth two characteristics that are sorely in need sections entitled, in chronological order, century. In each of the multiple sections within the field of Colombian colonial “Manuscripts,” “Iberia,” “The Classical of the book, the author moves back and historiography. The first is the detailed study Tradition,” “Economy” and “Reception.” forth between the sixteenth and eighteenth of the history of the written culture in general, As well as covering the historical and literary centuries, avoiding a strictly linear narrative and specifically of the juridical–legal culture contexts pertaining to Gower’s oeuvre up to as he examines how the archive comprised an and the administrative and judicial institutions the present day, new lines of inquiry on the understudied component of the administrative that sustained it, as was the case of the cabildos. manuscripts are also revealed. Provenance is system during this chronological period. The second is the careful and systematic work a key area for research. Ongoing work at the Rubio Hernández seeks to show how the in the local archives of several cities, such Royal Library has yielded, in her own words, imposition of uniform cultural codes, built as those the author has consulted in Cali, “serendipitous” results for López-Vidriero upon the hegemonic and glotofagic Spanish Cartago, Popayán and, in particular, Medellín. and her team: definitive evidence of the early language, allowed the communication and This critical work allows us to weave owners of the Portuguese language Confessio exchange of information which, by force of together historiographical narratives that Amantis. López-Vidriero plots the link of RB law, was deposited in institutional archives to emphasize institutional factors with others MS II-3088 to Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, legitimize their own existence and meaning. accounts that might prove complementary, the first count of Gondomar (d. 1626); The bureaucratic document thus represented to the end of achieving a global synthesis of meanwhile, Barbara A. Shailor discusses the the product of legal and administrative the meanings of the law, and the assumptions provenance of the Yale Gower manuscript, practices that enhanced the formation surrounding it, for various residents of the along with the challenges presented by its use. of a culture of memory. As the author vast New Kingdom of Granada. This remains The strong focus on material culture explains, “Writing and the archive established an interesting challenge for the researchers profitably links section I with sections IV and themselves as instruments that afforded a of the period spanning the sixteenth to V of the book: “Economy” and “Reception.” response to the demands of precision, order, eighteenth centuries in Latin America. A. S. G. Edwards discusses the role of and government,” protecting contractual commercial history in tracing the trajectory of rights and permitting the administration Andrés David Muñoz C. a manuscript as an investment for the modern of an ever increasing population. Universidad del Valle collector, while T. Matthew N. McCabe Rubio Hernández is particularly interested English translation by Andrés David Muñoz C. and probes Gower the public poet. Bullón- in legal documents because, for their “strong Clayton McCarl. Fernández focuses on the words properte and symbolic and authoritarian value,” they c astat as well as good and condicion in Gower to best exemplify the normalizing character consider notions of property and the self. of the written word, as well as the power Ana Sáez-Hidalgo and R. F. Yeager, eds. John The Iberian copies of the Confessio Amantis of writing of the colonial bureaucracy, Gower in England and Iberia: Manuscripts, Influences, were likely the result of transportation of and the indissoluble link between writing Reception. Rochester, NY & Cambridge, Gower’s work to the Peninsula by Philippa and law. Since the mid–eighteenth century, UK: D. S. Brewer, 2014. x, 344p., ill. ISBN and Catherine of Lancaster, future queens the Bourbons no longer concealed their 9781843843207. £60 / US $99 (hardback). of Portugal and Castile, and section II, aggressive policy of destruction of Native “Iberia,” is focused on Anglo-Iberian American languages, as the reales cédulas The work of John Gower (1330?–1408) “encounters.” Given the current interest in demonstrate. Indeed, it is not possible to is now recognised to play an important medieval studies in plotting itineraries across address the problem of linguistic colonization role in Anglo-Iberian literary relations. This modern national frontiers, the contributions without taking into account that Spanish collection, which is the product of the Second by David R. Carlson, Fernando Galván and was the language of the documents, the International Congress of the Gower Society Tiago Viúla de Faria on Nájera as a cultural language of the law. Knowledge of Spanish as held in Spain in 2011, seeks to further nexus and the letters of Philippa – “From was compulsory of every subject of the establish research on the subject. As such it Norwich to Lisbon” – are particularly Crown, especially if one desired to represent builds on three previously edited volumes: welcome. Along with Viúla de Faria, Clara SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 35

Pascual-Argente is a fresh voice in Gower royal Tudor library for contemporary writers for example, reiterated by Scattergood in studies, highlighting the appeal of Gower’s (51–3). Scattergood has it that Skelton was 1983 and now again here (286–7), is three classicism to English and Iberian nobility frequently a reviser of his own writings, or four (or more) separate poems. In this alike in section III, “The Classical Tradition.” recirculating in new versions matter he had salient instance, as in lesser ones, Skelton The cover of the book is handsome and already published: Skelton seems to have built generally exploited the possibilities that the volume generally well organised and his “major” works by accretion, adding more became available to him in this transitional amply illustrated. The introduction, however, to already published items, rewriting some and period, but with results that the editorial is disappointing and gives the impression of reordering others. Moreover, Skelton probably tradition has done poorly to represent since having been put together in a rush. Offering collaborated with other writers, at a time the post-Stationers’ Company sixteenth very little overview of the book’s subject, it when the notion of a proprietary authorship century. It is to be hoped that the more comprises summaries of the contents of each was still absent or underdeveloped (99–102). recent change in communications technology chapter. There are also some mistakes: on Throughout the transitory period from will make possible a better appreciation of page 2, for example, it is stated that the volume manuscript to print, Skelton’s experimental Skelton’s publication procedures and, with contains twenty essays rather than the actual attitudes towards authorship and publication it, an improved representation of the text. nineteen, and page 9 mentions five essays have left an extraordinary range of material in section IV rather than the four present. traces: not only in manuscript form (from David R. Carlson John Gower in England and Iberia is a book for deluxe presentations on vellum to scruffy, University of Ottawa specialists who are already more than familiar scrappy papers; see esp. 131–6, 323, 337), with the debates in question; nevertheless, it but also novel printed editions, ranging from c is an important one. The contributions within broadside-like news-sheets (188–9, 202–4) and are proof that the field is slowly enlarging and ephemeral lyric collections (80–3) to one of Erin A. Smith. What Would Jesus Read?: Popular being consolidated for a fuller understanding the earliest “complete works” of an English Religious Books and Everyday Life in Twentieth- of the truly medieval, multilingual Gower. writer (413). Additionally, as Scattergood Century America. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press, shows, Skelton’s poetry was publicly posted 2015. 394p., ill. ISBN 9781469621326. US Florence Curtis (269–72, 281–3) and inscribed in stone $39.95. University of Oxford (189–94); it was also performed aloud, both as drama (258–9) and in musical settings (99). In her What Would Jesus Read?, Erin Smith c As long ago as 1983, Scattergood published gives us “a historical examination of selected an edition of Skelton’s English poetry, the twentieth-century popular religious books John Scattergood. John Skelton: The Career of an first since that of Alexander Dyce in 1843 and the communities of readers and writers Early Tudor Poet. Dublin: Four Courts Press, – and it would appear that he has spent for whom they were important” (1-2). It is a 2014. 432p., ill. ISBN 9781846823374. €55 much of the intervening thirty years still book that makes a convincing case “for the (hardback). editing Skelton nevertheless, word by word, enduring importance of religious reading and phrase by phrase, text by text. Consequently, writing in twentieth-century America” (2). The early Tudor laureate John Skelton (c. Scattergood’s familiarity with the verbal She divides her book chronologically into 1460–1529) worked during the last great shift fabric of these writings must be unparalleled: five distinct sections: The Social Gospel and in Western communications technology: the this book is the best thing we are likely ever the Literary Marketplace; The 1920s Religious invention of printing with movable type in the to have on Skelton’s poetry. Nevertheless, Renaissance; America’s God and Cold War mid-fifteenth century. Not that manuscripts given the quality and extent of Scattergood’s Religious Reading; Reading the Apocalypse: or oral–aural circulation suddenly ceased knowledge, there are a handful of missed Christian Bookselling in the 1970s and to matter, nor that manuscript production opportunities. There are typos (rare and 1980s; and The Decade of the Soul: The had no influence on printing. But then, as minor: “viperoe,” on page 271, for example) 1990s and Beyond. Each of these sections now, the introduction of a new medium and errors (again rare and minor: the bear- revolves around case studies of particularly changed writers’ routines for circulating licking imagery on page 270 derives from the important and popular religious books, their work, eventually changing too even elder Pliny’s Natural History 8.126, I think). focusing on “the communities of readers for the substance of what writers produced. But more regrettable is Scattergood’s self- whom they were important, and the literary and John Scattergood has long contributed to restraint in the related matters of text and religious institutions that made them available clarifying the ways in which the poet managed canon. As A. S. G. Edwards has shown, for to audiences” (5). One should be aware that the in this circumstance, continuing now with example (see Leeds Studies in English 36 [2005], reader communities that most interest Smith are John Skelton: The Career of an Early Tudor 335–53), close attention to the text itself – the “white, Protestant, and nondenominational” (5). Poet. “Magisterial” is not a term to be used early printed editions and the manuscripts What is perhaps the greatest scholarly carelessly, but it is easily applied in this case, especially, the former well treated in Robert contribution of Smith’s book is the emphasis both a duty and a pleasure, for the present S. Kinsman and Theodore Yonge’s John it places on how readers found meaning book is the culmination of many long, careful Skelton: Canon and Census (1967), the latter but in – and felt of the persuasive power of labours. It has noteworthy sections on the incidentally – indicates that the canon is not – these popular religious texts. She locates relations of manuscript and print (39–46 and as Dyce represented it, in part because the her scholarly approach “at the intersection 80–3), of course; but also, less predictably, on text has still not adequately been established. of three fields of scholarship – the history the overlooked importance of the nascent Dyce’s 1843 “Speke, Parott” construction, of the book, lived religion, and consumer SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 36 culture” (3). She uses the combination of tendencies of colonial ethnographers to culturales de la cultura europea como filtros these three fields to mount an argument that employ sameness and otherness in their para la interpretación de la realidad caribeña” involves the notion of a non-literary reading literary discourses in an effort to classify the (“is characterized by a tension between of religious texts, a kind of reading interested indigenous peoples of the New World. This colonial desire, Lascasiana intervention, not so much in literary aesthetics but in the recuperated Western approach functioned counter–colonial indigenous resistance ways in which books serve as a form of as a forum where “la alteridad del mundo and reaccommodations of the cultural ministry, enabling their readers to build for indígena americano fue cosificada, apropiada archives of European culture as filters for themselves better lives and a better world. y representada de acuerdo con parámetros the reinterpretation of Caribbean reality,” Smith’s choice of texts for her case studies epistemológicos europeos” (“the otherness 115). The objective of the third chapter is are always intriguing, and often quite refreshing. of the indigenous American world was to expose the legal and political mechanisms She pulls books from a number of different objectified, appropriated and represented in found and applied in ethnographic discourses genres including self-help, novels, history, non- accordance with European epistemological and to demonstrate how they justified and fiction, and biography. She begins her study with parameters,” 17). The primary aim of this continued to direct material and religious Mrs. Humphry Ward’s Robert Elsmere (1888), text is to determine the ways by which colonial expansion. These types of legal a British Social Gospel tale much admired by ethnographic discourses were implemented discourses were persistently being modified, Henry James, and ends with books from a new and reformulated in America during the canceled, revisited, and contradicted. era of spiritual interest and awakening near the sixteenth century in order to find a possible Chapter 4 explores some of the earliest turn of the twenty-first century with Kathleen pattern of regularity. ethnographic treaties and chronicles in an Norris’s The Cloister Walk (1996) and Jack Miles’s Stress is placed on the mechanisms of attempt to highlight the ways by which God: A Biography (1996). Her examination of the knowledge and the relations of symbolic demonological discourses were employed religious publishing industry in the 1970s and and material domination that were utilized in to categorize and understand the perceived 1980s is particularly rewarding with an insightful ethnographic discourses. Moreover, Solodkow idolatrous behavior of indigenous peoples. and historically rich analysis of Hal Lindsey’s focuses on how colonial ethnographers, In the subsequent chapter, Solodkow takes The Late Great Planet Earth. One of the most through their various forms of writings that a look at how Bernardino de Sahagún’s pronounced weaknesses of Smith’s study comes repeatedly justified Spanish conquest, created ethnographic narrations took advantage of in the area of methodology. Her argumentation cultural differences, otherness, and new mechanisms of knowledge and control and at times depends on a small sample size social and ethnic identities. More often than used symbolic and material relationships of readers, a common problem faced by not, their historical dialogs did much more of power over the Native populations in almost every scholar engaged reader-reception than simply explain otherness, since they Nueva España. Finally, Chapter 6 focuses studies. Small sample sizes always leave the frequently attempted to abolish, dominate, on the notorious works of José de Acosta, interpretations which they birth in some doubt. and translate it. Through an interdisciplinary De procuranda indorum salute and Historia Smith’s book has been a long time coming, approach, Solodkow carefully analyzes a wide natural y moral de las Indias, and emphasizes and when it arrived it came as a massive, nearly array of colonial sources to demonstrate the complementary nature of the recurrent 400 page book. The wait for it is certainly worth how ethnographic discourses are responsible concepts of idolatry and brutality in order it. Smith’s scholarship is capacious, thoughtful for “la conformación de los imaginarios to show how the perceptions of empiricism and in many ways groundbreaking. It shows coloniales” (“the configuration of colonial and protorationalism have been greatly the seasoning of many years of engagement stereotypes”) and for the “formación de los misunderstood by colonial scholars. with this particular topic of study, and it will be relatos de identidad” (“formation of stories The book history approach applied a must-read for anyone interested in popular of identity,” 20–21) during the development here to ethnographic discourses during the culture studies centered on the history of the of the first Colonial Modernity. sixteenth century in Etnógrafos coloniales is an religious book in America and lived religion. Chapter 1 starts with the widely inconsistent invaluable literary tool for Colonial Latin anthropological origins and theories that American scholars and students. Solodkow Paul Gutjahr were documented by European historians, eloquently takes hold of the scattered pieces Indiana University, Bloomington chroniclers, and missionaries, which regularly of indigenous colonial interpretations and focused on how the indigenous past correlated representations and compiles them into a c with Euro–Christian history. Solodkow logical and refined study. touches on sixteenth–century theories that David Mauricio Adriano Solodkow. Etnógrafos frequently ignored Native narratives, such Nathan J. Gordon coloniales: Alteridad y escritura en la Conquista de as Hebrew ancestry, teratology, Motolinía’s University of Colorado – Boulder América (siglo XVI). Frankfurt and Madrid: speculations, and Christian creationism. Chapter c Vervuert and Iberoamericana, 2014. 506p. 2 concentrates on Christopher Columbus’s ISBN 9788484897941. US $45 / €36 initial interpretations, representations, and the (paperback). invention of the buen salvaje during his first voyage. Our attention is drawn to how this first In Etnógrafos coloniales: Alteridad y escritura ethnographic discourse “está atravesado por una en la Conquista de América (siglo XVI), David tensión entre el deseo colonial, la intervención Mauricio Adriano Solodkow recognizes the lascasiana, la resistencia contracolonial inherited and enduring authorial and historical indígena y las reacomodaciones de los archivos SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 37

Randall Stevenson. Literature and the Great The book’s strongest chapter, on the or Pershing, or the Ludendorff of the 1918 War: 1914-1918. Oxford: Oxford University war’s poetry, discusses how poets schooled in March offensive. Press, 2013. “Oxford Textual Perspectives.” pastoral conventions faced the challenge of Stevenson responds most deeply to the xviii, 262p., ill. ISBN 9780199596447. £45 mechanised war’s unnaturalness; his description writers who express their shock at war’s (hardback). of Owen’s “pushing pastoral beyond its usual inhumanity; he has little to say about those conventions” (155) is convincing. This chapter who are interested in the Army as a social For several decades, there has been tension also deals usefully with the varying approaches organisation, or in the sometimes-complex between some military historians of the First of recent anthologists. relations between soldiers and civilians. He World War and the critics evaluating its poetry The book’s close reading of soldier-poets is not very interested in how war writing and prose. To the historians it seems that, can be impressive; its use of history is less portrays the Empire, or in the remarkable especially since Paul Fussell’s The Great War certain. The chapter “Unaccountable War” difference between British war writing and and Modern Memory (1975), literary scholars suggests that Britain was hoodwinked by that of France or Germany. Sections of this have been interested in only one story of official propaganda, but surely the growing book deal interestingly with parts of the large the war (based on the personal myths of popular support for war during August topic of the Great War’s literature, but there certain poets), in which recruits full of naïve and September 1914 was due not to any is more to the subject than Stevenson allows idealism are disillusioned by the trenches, until literature supplied by Wellington House, but his readers to know. words like “honour” and “glory” become to the brutalities of the German invasion of unusable. Meanwhile, government and press Belgium. When so many were expressing their George Simmers lie relentlessly to hide the truth from civilians. disapproval of Germany unbidden, the effect Sheffield Hallam University It is a good story, but is it the whole story? of official propaganda was probably marginal. Randall Stevenson knows that this Stevenson rarely praises writers who c approach has been challenged, but stands by supported the war effort and is sometimes Thomas Weissinger. The Book Collecting it, concluding that “there is little reason to unjust. Surprised when Thomas Hardy Practices of Black Magazine Editors. Sacramento, think that revisionist history in the twenty- celebrates the “faith and fire” of soldiers in CA: Litwin Books, 2014. 114p. ISBN first century will – or should – do more than “Men Who March Away,” Stevenson suggests 9781936117635. $16.00. qualify the ‘collective narrative’ that had that he “may already have been influenced emerged by the end of the twentieth” (201). by C.F.G. Masterman’s Propaganda Bureau” Thomas Weissinger’s The Book Collecting He is able to reach this judgement because the (157), as though a man of Hardy’s integrity Practices of Black Magazine Editors looks at texts on which he bases it rarely go beyond would have been more influenced by the the collecting practices of magazine editors Paul Fussell’s limited selection. Despite his suggestions of the urbane Masterman than Ben Burns, Era Bell Thompson, and Tom title’s promising a general survey, Stevenson by actual events in Belgium. He suggests Dent. Between 1942 and 1954, Burns and references few authors not writing in English that Arnold Bennett was appointed director Thompson both served as writers and and few accounts of theatres beyond the of propaganda “perhaps as a reward for editors for the Johnson Publishing Company Western Front. When he considers texts not the four hundred articles on the war he had magazines The Negro Digest, Ebony, and Jet. used by Fussell, these are generally ones that published since its outbreak” (30). Yet if Dent was a journalist and co-founder of the support the disillusionment narrative, and you read that wartime journalism, you find journal Callaloo and the literary magazine not the memoirs that challenge it – Stephen Bennett consistently critical of government Umbra. These positions placed each editor at Graham’s A Private in the Guards, for example, initiatives, campaigning against conscription, the forefront of black cultural movements or John Glubb’s Into Battle. He accepts Fussell’s and demanding decent treatment of and gave them access to a significant range of contention that little of interest was written conscientious objectors. While at the Ministry books and other texts. Because Weissinger’s between 1918 and 1928; this means ignoring of Information, he sturdily maintained his approach is quite focused on technical notable war novels by Wilfrid Ewart, Godfrey journalism’s independence. solutions to bibliographic and curatorial Elton, and others. In the book’s last chapter, Stevenson challenges of collections like these, the larger Like Fussell, Stevenson values most considers historians’ objections to the cultural significance of these editors and highly the literature of “direct witnessing and literary orthodoxy. He does not engage with their book collections gets less attention. personal response” (132). He is at his strongest historical detail, or answer the historians Weissinger, a professor of African when considering texts that illuminate the who have itemised Fussell’s inaccuracies. American Studies and a librarian, pays experience and effects of battle. He discusses The one “revisionist” text dealt with at any particular attention to the varying types of soldier-writers who report the war’s distortion length is Gary Sheffield’s Forgotten Victory collectors’ libraries. Chapter One’s breakdown of their sense of time, and their frustration at (2002). He accepts that Sheffield and others of the personal libraries assembled by notable finding existing styles and genres inadequate to “persuasively dismiss the idea of the Great black bibliophiles serves as both a quick review their experience. He also examines the mutism War generals as donkeys” (200), but he cannot of major African American book collections sometimes associated with shell-shock, linking forgive them for the casualty figures that and smaller, more community-oriented this with many soldiers’ reluctance to discuss were the consequence of trench warfare. As “working libraries” created specifically to wartime experiences, but does not consider with the literature, one feels here the lack of empower and educate. Using Angela Ards’ the different understanding of the subject in, international comparisons; Haig is criticised as 1996 modeling schema, Weissinger identifies for example, Allan Monkhouse’s 1916 play, wasting the men under his command; he looks four examples of personal libraries that Night Watches. less appalling when compared with Nivelle, reflect collecting for posterity, knowledge, SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 38 empowerment, or joy. This chapter also Allan F. Westphall. Books and Religious Devotion: nineteenth-century application of the term includes a discussion of the challenges of The Redemptive Reading of an Irishman in “insane” to the nostalgic and the religiously digitizing African American book collections, Nineteenth-Century New England. University obsessive. A list of the probable contents primarily the inability of the digital systems Park, Penn.: Penn State University Press, 2014. of Connary’s mostly nonfiction, religious, like Google Books or the HathiTrust Digital xiv, [1], 248p., ill. ISBN 9780271064048. US and didactic library is in an appendix. Library to differentiate between racist $79.95. The book provides insightful contextual material and more objective, factual works and material details, including Connary’s (10-11). A brief review of the scholarship of In his examination of a nineteenth-century personal life, financial affairs, and family Abdul Alkalimat and Ron Bailey details the Irish Catholic immigrant’s use of religious situation. However, information about failures of traditional search methodology books, Allan F. Westphall complicates previous Connary’s insanity diagnosis might have been within digital collections and advocates the views of reader interaction with and annotation useful earlier in establishing the full context. use of subject descriptors or metadata tags of texts. He examines more than thirty books Further situating Connary’s life within the to streamline search functionalities within from the library of Thomas Connary, a New history of the American Catholic church and digital collections that contain books from Hampshire farmer. Connary not only heavily the position of laymen would be interesting African American special collections as a annotated his books, but also used them as well. Printing books, writing letters, and means of working around these search issues. as diaries, as a place to collect newspaper creating a library may have been the only The monograph’s primary weakness is articles and poetry, as means of instruction religious opportunities available to Connary. its failure to dedicate more time and effort for his family, and as a devotional practice. Westphall does contribute to church history to establishing each editor’s individual Westphall places the book within the scholarship by expanding the understanding collecting practices. Any one of these editors field of microhistory, which uses a small of the American Catholic publishing industry. is fascinating and their individual collecting body of evidence to make a larger claim Westphall shows how Connary used texts practices deserve to be treated with depth about a historical movement (in this case, the in sometimes surprising ways and how his and clarity. In Chapter Two, Weissinger history of the book and reading practices). use reflected his values – religious, financial, asserts that identity and views on racial He defines Connary’s version of marginalia and political. The books act for Connary as equality served as prominent factors in each as “book enhancement,” expanding the a location for spiritual “pilgrimage,” material editor’s collection, but fails to create a clear book’s contents by making additions. and textual sources of religious inspiration, correlation between the books amassed and The first chapter overviews Connary’s affirmation, and guidance. These books the motivations and methodology used in library and the texts that Westphall sees were also scrapbook-style diaries, material the selection process. Instead, Chapter Three as central to his study: The Sinner’s Guide records of how one Irish-American reader focuses on the literal means by which each by F. Lewis, Thomas H. Kinane’s The Dove interacted with texts. This in-depth analysis title was acquired; very little is mentioned of the Tabernacle, and various newspapers of a single, non-elite reader and his books regarding the motivation or rationale and periodicals. In the second chapter, invites us to rethink our theories about how behind adding the title to the collection. Westphall details how Connary labored readers interact with texts more generally. Chapter Four is where the text really shines. over his enhancements. Westphall sees Weissinger provides an excellent assessment Connary as “collaborating” with the texts Sarah E. Moore of the three collections as a network using rather than “poaching” on them in Michel University of Texas at Dallas specific descriptors which allows him to locate de Certeau’s term (83). Rather than merely connections and determine subject areas that appropriating texts to serve his own interests, c most clearly overlap, as well as establish smaller Connary engages these books with respect Gerhild Scholz Williams. Mediating Culture in interrelated nodes between the collections. and deference, including as material objects. the Seventeenth-Century German Novel: Eberhard For the librarian or curator of a digital book In the third chapter, Westphall argues that Werner Happel, 1647-1690. Ann Arbor, MI: collection, these descriptors could provide Connary enhanced the books for his family University of Michigan Press, 2014. xvi, the metadata tags or subject descriptors to provide instruction for living, including 248p., ill. ISBN 9780472119240. US $70 that Weissinger suggests would simplify seeking salvation. He also sought to guide how (hardback). the search process for digital collections. they read the texts themselves. In the fourth The Book Collecting Practices of Black Magazine chapter, Westphall closely examines Connary’s In recent years, the non-fiction news Editors does provide some insight into the extensive notations and correlative beliefs in compendia of the Hamburg polymath collecting efforts of Burns, Thompson, two of his most enhanced texts, which are in Eberhard Werner Happel have been the focus and Dent, but the analysis offers a broad, Westphall’s area of specialty as a medievalist: of several monographs and articles. This latest categorical overview rather than examining the Revelations of Julian of Norwich and study offers a bridge into Happel’s extensive closely their individual book collecting Spiritual Conferences by St. Francis of Sales. novel output, showing how he incorporated practices. This monograph will be most This section will likely be of most interest the contemporary interests of the burgeoning useful to librarians working with special to those with background knowledge of news media into his fictional worlds. collections rather than the general reader these thinkers. In the final chapter, Westphall Happel was a writer and journalist interested in African American literature. reveals that Connary was declared insane. with wide-ranging interests. The scope of Westphall argues for reserving this context the topics he integrated into his novels is Rosalyn Mack until the end in order to resist the use of echoed here by Williams, whose detailed University of Texas at Dallas insanity as an interpretive lens, given the although occasionally repetitive study takes SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 39 into account developments in early modern of early modern German literature a little- Angus Phillips. The Cottage by the Highway print culture and journalism, the historical known author and at the same time address and Other Essays on Publishing. 25 Years of complexities of piracy and privateering, issues of canonicity. It will also appeal Logos. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2015. ISBN seventeenth-century trading routes and to readers interested in print culture, the 9789004283527. interests, and early media “celebs.” One development of the newspaper industry Fabrice Pirolli. Le Livre numérique au chapter is dedicated to Happel’s treatments of in Europe, and the interplay of fact and présent: Pratiques de lecture, de prescription Imre Thököly, an anti-Habsburg Hungarian, fiction in the popular novel of the day. et de médiation. Dijon, France: Éditions and Friedrich Hermann Schomberg, a universitaires de Dijon, 2015. ISBN German Protestant commander who served Anna Linton 9782364411265. in various armies, held high office in France King’s College London Nathalie Prince. La littérature de jeunesse: under Louis XIV, and was killed fighting with Pour une théorie littéraire. Paris: Armand Colin, William of Orange’s troops at the Battle of 2015. ISBN 9782200602314. the Boyne. From Williams’s study Happel Bibliography Maya Rodale. Dangerous Books for Girls: emerges as a man with interests that stretched The Bad Reputation of Romance Novels far beyond his own geographical location and Explained. United States: Maya Rodale, yet which were clearly informed by it. Williams General 2015. ISBN 9780990635628. demonstrates, for example, that Happel’s Matthew Chambers. Modernism, Periodicals, Marie-Laure Ryan. Narrative as Virtual plotlines involving piracy and slavery drew and Cultural Poetics. New York: Palgrave Reality 2: Revisiting Immersion and Interactivity primarily on news about the Mediterranean Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137541352. in Literature and Electronic Media. Baltimore, and the activities of the Barbary states, Roger Chartier. La main de l’auteur et MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015. wherein Hamburg’s main mercantile interests l’esprit de l’imprimeur: Xvie-Xviiie siecle. [Paris]: ISBN 9781421417974. lay, instead of the Atlantic and Caribbean. Gallimard, 2015. ISBN 9782070462827. Joan Swann. The Discourse of Reading A key phrase in the study is “textual Daniel Cohen. Lire: Chimères dans la Groups: Integrating Cognitive and Sociocultural hybridity.” Williams argues that Happel bibliothèque. Paris: Orizons, 2015. ISBN Perspectives. New York; London: Routledge, often played the part of the “Historico,” 9791030900279. 2015. ISBN 9780415729697. presenting various sources and leaving the Catherine Croizy-Naquet, Michelle Shafquat Towheed. Reading and the reader to draw conclusions from them. And Szkilnik, and Laurence Harf-Lancner. Les First World War: Readers, Texts, Archives. non-fictional print media not only provide manuscrits médiévaux témoins de lectures. Paris: Basingstoke, UK; New York: Palgrave (often unacknowledged) sources for the Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle, 2015. ISBN Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137302700. fictional worlds he created, but also play a 9782878546392. Antonio Vaccaro. Del Libro Le role at plot level. For example, newspaper Michael Dirda. Browsings: A Year of Reading, Parole Perdute: Dizionario Della Stampa E articles sometimes spur characters on to Collecting, and Living with Books. New York: Dell’editoria: Dai Caratteri Mobili Al Linotype. travel, and Williams cites a number of Pegasus Books, 2015. ISBN 9781605988443. Venosa (PZ): Osanna edizioni, 2015. ISBN instances where the plot is driven forward by a Feral Post-Print: A Study of Resilience in Book 9788881674657. character asking for or receiving news reports. Transmission. Coralville, IA: Iowa Book Works, Simon Worthington. Book to the Future: Although a bestselling author in his 2015. A Manifesto for Book Liberation. Leuphana: own lifetime, who knew how to write very Julia Kischkel and Franziska Junghans. Das Hybrid Publishing Consortium, 2015. ISBN successfully for his market, incorporating E-Book in Der Buchkultur: Eindrücke aus dem 9781906496364. such sensationalist elements as cross-dressing Aktuellen Lese-und Nutzungsverhalten. Berlin: Damon Young. The Art of Reading. heroes and heroines, and whose unfinished Schibri-Verlag, 2015. ISBN 9783868631524. Carlton: Vic.: Melbourne University novels were even continued under his name Emilio Lledo Inigo. Los Libros Y La Publishing, 2015. ISBN 9780522867602. after his death in 1690, Happel has not been Libertad. Barcelona: RBA Libros, 2015. ISBN awarded a prominent place in the traditional 9788490065686. Africa canon of German literature. Williams points Laura Mandell. Breaking the Book: Print Eddie Tambwe Kitenge Bin Kitoko. out that one of the most extensive treatments Humanities in the Digital Age. Chichester, West Deconstruction du processus bibliologique colonial: of his novels sought to place them firmly Sussex, UK: Wiley Blackwell, 2015. ISBN Installation d’un modele endogene Africain. Paris: within the category of the “Gallantroman.” 9781118274552. L’Harmattan, 2015. ISBN 9782343056630. She argues in turn that the elements that Alan McCluskey. Materiality and the Modern support such a reading form only a small Cosmopolitan Novel. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Australia part of Happel’s oeuvre, and that in fact he Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN John Holroyd. The Australian Book Trade: expanded the scope of the “Gallantroman” 9781137503374. A Bookseller’s Contribution to its History. both geographically and emotionally, Sébastien Morlet. Lire en extraits: Lecture Fairfield: Victoria Braidwood Press, 2015. demonstrating what William B. Warner has et production des textes de l’antiquité à la fin du ISBN 9780959342833. described, in Licensing Entertainment: The Moyen Âge. Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris- Elevation of Novel Reading in Britain, 1684-1750, Sorbonne, 2015. ISBN 9782840509813. Austria as “the elevation of the novel [as] a conscious Stephen Orgel. The Reader in the Book: A Matthias Marschik. Leo Schidrowitz: Autor cultural project” (cited by Williams, p. 23). Study of Spaces and Traces. Oxford, UK: Oxford Und Verleger, Sexualforscher und Sportfunktionär. This study will open up for scholars University Press, 2015. ISBN 9780198737568. Berlin: Hentrich & Hentrich, 2015. ISBN SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 40

9783955650933. Wieland. Literatur, Verlag, Archiv. Gottingen: Goslar: Ein Uberblick Über Die Entwicklung Im Wallstein, 2015. ISBN 9783835316447. Mittelalter Bis Zur Zerstörung 1527. Wiesbaden: Chile Harrassowitz, 2015. ISBN 9783447102896. Carolina Cherniavsky Bozzolo. La Religión Finland En Letra De Molde: Iglesia Y Prácticas De Lectura Kai Häggman.Pieni Kansa, Pitkä Muisti: India En La Arquidiócesis De Santiago, 1843-1899. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura Talvisodasta Sibaji Bandyopadhyay, Rani Ray, and Santiago, Chile: Pontificia Universidad 2000-Luvulle. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Nivedita Sen. The Gopal-Rakhal Dialectic: Católica de Chile, Ediciones UC, 2015. ISBN Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2015. ISBN Colonialism and Children’s Literature in Bengal. 9789561414860. 9789522224798. New Delhi, India: Tulika Books, 2015. ISBN 9789382381556. China France Akshaya Mukul. Gita Press and the Making Michela Bussotti and Jean Pierre Drège. Denis Bjaï and François Rouget. Les poètes of Hindu India. New Delhi: India: Harper Imprimer sans profit?: Le livre non commercial dans français de la renaissance et leurs “libraires”: Actes Collins, 2015. ISBN 9789351772309 la Chine impériale = Non Commercial Books in du colloque international de l’université d’Orléans, Imperial China. Genève, Switzerland: Librairie 5-7 juin 2013. Genève: Librairie Droz, 2015. Italy Droz, 2015. ISBN 9782600013765. ISBN 9782600019293. Francesco Bausi. Il Principe dallo Scrittoio Zhijie Wang. Le livre en Chine: De Mao Michael Call. The Would-Be Author: Molière alla Stampa. Pisa: Edizioni della Normale, Zedong à Deng Xiaoping. Paris: Harmattan, and the Comedy of Print. West Lafayette, 2015. ISBN 9788876425455. 2015. ISBN 9782343056920. IN: Purdue University Press, 2015. ISBN Maria Cocchetti. Pubblicare Un Libro. Ellen Widmer. Fiction’s Family: Zhan 9781557537089. Milan, Italy: Editrice Bibliografica, 2015. Xi, Zhan Kai, and the Business of Women in Pascal Fioretto and Vincent Haudiquet. ISBN 9788870758139. Late-Qing China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Concentré De Best-Sellers: Pastiches. Paris: Chiflet University Asia Center: Distributed by 2015. ISBN 9782351642214. Korea Harvard University Press, 2015. ISBN Greta Kaucher. Les Jombert: Une famille U. song Pae. Tokso Wa Chisik Ui P’unggyong: 9780674088375. de libraires Parisiens dans l’Europe des lumieres: Choson Hugi Chisigindul Ui Ilki Wa Ssugi. 1680-1824. Geneve: Droz, 2015. ISBN Kyonggi-do P’aju-si: Tolbegae, 2015. ISBN Colombia 9782600018425. 9788971996539. José Luis Guevara Salamanca. La Fábrica Jean-Yves Mollier. Une autre histoire de del Hombre: Historias de Viajes y Usos de los l’édition française. Paris: Fabrique, 2015. ISBN Peru Libros del Nuevo Reino de Granada en el Siglo 9782358720748. Ingrid Yrrivarren. Paraisos del saber: 50 Xvii. Bogota: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Anka Muhlstein. Monsieur Proust’s Library. bibliotecas emblematicas del Perú. Lima: Fundación 2015. ISBN 9789587167863. New York: Other Press, 2015. ISBN Telefónica, 2015. ISBN 9786124647338. 1590517458. Czech Republic Laure Murat. Relire: Enquête sur une passion Poland Jiří Trávníček and Melvyn Clarke. Reading littéraire. Paris: Flammarion, 2015. ISBN Wanda A. Ciszewska. Skażone łW adzą: Ruch Bohemia: Readership in the Czech Republic at the 9782081347281. Wydawniczo-księgarski na Kujawach i Pomorzu Beginning of the 21th Century. Prague: Akropolis: Hervé Serry. Aux origines des Éditions du w Latach 1945-1956. Toruń: Wydawnictwo The Institute of Czech Literature; The Seuil. Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 2015. ISBN Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 9782021285871. 2015. ISBN 9788323133612. 2015. ISBN 9788074700910. Aude Volpilhac. “Le secret de bien lire:” Olga Dawidowicz-Chymkowska and Lecture et herméneutique de soi en France au xviie Dominika Michalak. Stan Czytelnictwa W Europe siècle. Paris: Honoré Champion Éditeur, 2015. Polsce W 2012 Roku: Transmisja Kultury Pisma. Caroline Archer and Lisa Peters. Religion ISBN 9782745329394. Warszawa: Biblioteka Narodowa, 2015. ISBN and the Book Trade. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: 9788370097806. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015. ISBN Germany Jan Okopień and Joanna Czarkowska. 9781443877244. B. Albers. Wir Aussenseiter: 33 Jahre Rimbaud- Książka Wyzwolona 1918-1950. Warszawa: Virginia Blanton, Patricia Stoop, and V. M. Verlag 1981-2014. Aachen: Rimbaud, 2015. InicjaÅ‚ Andrzej Palacz, 2015. ISBN O’Mara. Nuns’ Literacies in Medieval Europe: The ISBN 9783890864167. 9788364066030. Kansas City Dialogue. Turnhout: Brepols, 2015. Jürgen Holstein. The Book Cover in the Jacek Soszynski and Agnieszka Chamera- ISBN 9782503549224. Weimar Republic = BuchumschlaìˆGe in Der Nowak. Book Versus Power: Studies in Relations Aidan Conti, Orietta Da Rold, and Philip Weimarer Republik. Köln, Germany: Taschen, between Politics and Culture in Polish History. A. Shaw. Writing Europe, 500-1450: Texts and 2015. ISBN 9783836549806. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Peter Lang, Contexts. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2015. Daniel Kampa, Thomas Ganske and 2015. ISBN 9783631657010. ISBN 9781843844150. Siegfried Lenz. Siegfried Lenz: Der Autor und Sein W. A. Kelly and G. Trentacosti. The Book Verlag. Hamburg, Germany: Hoffmann und Portugal in the Low Countries. Edinburgh: Merchiston Campe, 2015. ISBN 9783455405354. Fernanda Maria Guedes de Campos. Para Publishing, 2015. ISBN 9780956613622. Jochen Schevel. Bibliothek Und Buchbestände Se Achar Facilmente O Que Se Busca: Bibliotecas, Irmgard Wirtz, Ulrich Weber, and Magnus Des Augustiner-Chorherrenstifts Georgenberg Bei Catálogos E Leitores No Ambiente Religioso: Séc. SHARP News Vol. 25, no. 1 2016 d 41

Xviii. Casal de Cambra: Caleidoscópio, 2015. Buchhandel. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 2015. ISBN 9789896582883. ISBN 9783110311204. Edward Jones. A Concise Companion to the Romania Study of Manuscripts, Printed Books, and the Mariana Borcoman. Scraps of Thought: Production of Early Modern Texts: A Festschrift Margin Notes in Old Romanian Books. Frankfurt for Gordon Campbell. Chichester, West Sussex: am Main, Germany: PL Academic Research, Wiley Blackwell, 2015. ISBN 9781118635292. 2015. ISBN 9783631660461. Stuart Kells. Penguin and the Lane Brothers: The Untold Story of a Publishing Revolution. Russia Collingwood, Victoria, Australia: Black Inc., Tatiana Bedson. Sowjetische Ubersetzungskultur an imprint of Schwartz Publishing, 2015. in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren: Die Verlage ISBN 9781863957571. Vsemirnaja Literatura und Academia. Berlin: Edith Snook. Women, Beauty and Power Frank & Timme, Verlag für wissenschaftliche in Early Modern England: A Feminist Literary Literatur, 2015. ISBN 9783732901425. History. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137503688. E. A. Dinershteĭn. Sini︠ ︡aia︡ Ptit︠ sa Zinovii︠ ︡a Grzhebina. Moskva: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2015. ISBN 9785444802342. United States Andrew Hoyem and Simran Thadani. Spain Grabhorn Press: 1920-1965 and Beyond. San Daniel Heredia. ¡a Los Libros!: 25 Francisco, CA: Arion Press, 2015. Entrevistas a Profesionales del Sector del Libro: Cheryl Knott. Not Free, Not for All: Public Escritores, Editores, Agentes Literarios, Libreros Y Libraries in the Age of Jim Crow. Amherst: Encuadernadores. Sevilla, Spain: Ediciones de la University of Massachusetts Press, 2015. Isla de Siltola, 2015. ISBN 9788416210787. ISBN 9781625341778. Víctor Infantes. La Librería Don Quijote y Maureen Stack Sappey and C. Barry los Libros de Cervantes (I, Vi). Madrid, Spain: Buckley. Kindred Spirits: Thomas Jefferson & Turpin Editores, 2015. ISBN: 9788494268281. Aeschylus. Chestertown, MD: Chester River Jesús A. Martínez. Historia de la Edición en Press, 2015. ISBN 9780578166407. España (1939-1975). Madrid: Marcial Pons Wayne A. Wiegand. Part of Our Lives: A Historia, 2015. ISBN 9788415963554. People’s History of the American Public Library. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, United Kingdom 2015. ISBN 9780190248000. Elisa Bolchi. L’indimenticabile Artista: Lettere c E Appunti Sulla Storia Editoriale Di Virgina Woolf in Mondadori. Milano: Vita e Pensiero, 2015. ISBN 9788834329269. Michael Edson. Publishing, Editing, and Reception: Essays in Honor of Donald H. Reiman. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2015. ISBN 9781611495782. Ina Ferris. Book-Men, Book Clubs, and the Romantic Literary Sphere. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK; New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137367594. Mary Henes and Brian H. Murray. Travel Writing, Visual Culture, and Form, 1760-1900. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK; New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137543387. H. J. Jackson. Writing for Immortality: Romantic Reputations and the Dream of Everlasting Fame. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015. ISBN 9780300174793. Graham Jefcoate. Deutsche Drucker Und Buchhändler in London, 1680-1811: Strukturen und Bedeutung des Deutschen Anteils am Englischen