Ü a Verb Usually Names the Action in a Sentence

Español 1 Me llamo ______Cap. 2A Fecha ______

-AR VERBS

Verbs:  A verb usually names the action in a sentence.  In Spanish we call a verb that ends in –ar, -er, or –ir an INFINITIVE.

The Infinitive:  is the form you would find in a Spanish dictionary.  in English it means “to + verb”

Here are some infinitives that you already know:

enseñar ______esquiar ______estudiar ______escuchar______hablar ______montar ______bailar ______nadar ______cantar ______pasar tiempo ______dibujar ______patinar ______

Conjugation = changing the verb to agree with the subject.

In Spanish, when we conjugate a verb, it is the last letter or letters that tell you who does the action.

 To change an INFINITIVE verb to a form that tells who is doing the action, remove the –ar, -er, -ir ending and add the appropriate ending.

For this chapter, we will focus on –ar verb conjugation Notice how the To study (English) he, she, it form of I study We study the verb You study You study “to study” changes. He studies They study The verb She studies changes It studies to agree with the subject.

For every INFINITIVE in Spanish there is a STEM and an ENDING.

For example: estudiar estudi = the stem “ar” is the ending

Estudiar (Spanish) yo estudio nosotros estudiamos Spanish changes endings nosotras estudiamos to agree with the subject tú estudias vosotros estudáis too! In Spanish, there vosotras estudáis are 6 different endings. usted estudia ustedes estudian These ending ella estudia ellos estudian correspond to the él estudia ellas estudian subject.

In Spanish, we use the stem of the infinitive and add on the appropriate ending in order to form a conjugated verb. The endings for –ar verbs are: yo -o nosotros/nosotras -amos tú -as vosotros/vosotras -áis usted -a ustedes -an él -a ellos -an ella -a ellas -an

Verb forms ending in –áis are used mainly in Spain. Remember, we said that we will not be focusing on the vosotros/as form, but it is still important to k now. Let’s conjugate! 1. First, drop the –ar ending from the infinitive verb. 2. Second, add the appropriate ending to the stem. tocar - ______yo nosotros nosotras tú vosotros vosotras él ellos ella ellas usted ustedes enseñar - ______yo nosotros nosotras tú vosotros vosotras él ellos ella ellas usted ustedes NEGATING A SENTENCE:

When you want to say that you do not do something, use NO before the verb form. Example: Yo no dibujo en la clase de educación física.

______

Make the positive sentences negative.

1. Yo monto en monopatín en el parque. ______2. María estudia mucho. ______3. Nosotras tocamos la guitarra. ______

ASKING A QUESTION: VERB SUBJECT When we ask a question in Spanish, we usually put the subject after the verb or sometimes at the end of the sentence. Underline the verb and circle the subject.

 ¿Enseña Juan en la clase de ciencias sociales? ______ ¿Estudia mucho Paulina? ______Práctica:

Conjugate the following verbs. Then translate them into English.

1.Enseñar/yo ______2. Estudiar/ellas ______3. Hablar/tú ______4. Bailar/ustedes ______5. Cantar/él ______6. Dibujar/yo ______7. Escuchar/usted______8. Esquiar/ella ______9. Montar/nosotros______10. Nadar/ellos ______11. Pasar tiempo/tú ______12. Patinar/nosotros______13. Enseñar/él ______14. Estudiar/tú ______15. Cantar/nosotros______16. Patinar/tú ______17. Montar/usted______18. Hablar/nosotros______