Significance of History
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Significance of History
Hello Decorah from above the Roller rink “Literacy Society”
The Bell
Toward the end of WWII temple bells stopped ringing Like in America things were given up to support the war effort unlike today. Americans after the war found a big Bell on a pile of debris they brought it home to Detroit for four years then in a motion of peace the bell owned and rang for over 200 years wá returned to the Japanese Temple ringing still.
(Information below from notes taken in class at Luther College in 2015.)
No Bell rang in Japan during WWII.
1The Peace Bell: Margi Preus, Hideko Takahashi: 9780805078008 ,2More than 150 Peace Bells & Gongs Around the World ,3Annotations4Shunryu Suzuki disciples 1998-03,5Twin bells toll for two nations
American Japaneses interned in their American country simply because they did not resemble the whites. My ancestors on my father's side in the 12th century were Japanese “Heike” . 6Japanese-American Internment [ushistory.org] 78Japanese-American Relocation - World War II - HISTORY.com9 Japanese Relocation During World War II
American Japanese that served in their country in WWII
1 "The Peace Bell: Margi Preus, Hideko Takahashi: 9780805078008 ..." 2008. 10 Jun. 2016
Medal of Honor reciprocants of Japanese descendants
14Military history of Asian Americans ,15Rescindment comments… ,16442nd Infantry Regiment (United States)17American Heroes | Exhibitions,18American Heroes: Japanese American World War II Nisei Soldiers and …,19Japanese American World War II Heroes,20American Heroes; Japanese American World War II Nisei Soldiers and ...21Ben Kuroki, Japanese-American WWII war hero who flew over Japan ...22American Heroes: Japanese American World War II Nisei Soldiers and ...23American Heroes: Japanese American World War II Nisei Soldiers and ...24American Japanese
I was the Lesbian Bellhop at Skyland Lodge in the Shenandoah National Park in 2000 and in 2001, in 2001 the Japanese Americans were finally getting recognized or at least those still alive to witness in D.C. a monument had been built to honor their contribution to America’s freedom. 10 "Japanese American service in World War II - Wikipedia, the free ..." 2011. 10 Jun. 2016
Have you ever heard f of the Navajo code talkers well they were in the Pacific our american Japaneses brothers were teaching the Germans that America was gonna give as well as they could that sounds funky to me as well.
25National Japanese American Memorial Foundation
American African American Tank Corps in WWII
26761st Tank Battalion (United States),27World War II: 761st Tank Battalion | HistoryNet,28The All Black 761st Tank Battalion General Patton's Black Panthers …,29761st Tank Battalion: Patton's Panthers Would Not Quit,30761st Tank Battalion,31Black Panthers came to fight,32African- Americans in WW II,33Patriotism Crosses the Color Line: African Americans in World War II
African American Heroes WWI and WWII
25 "National Japanese American Memorial Foundation: Home." 2003. 10 Jun. 2016
How long did African American’s have to wait until they were recognized for their participation in WWII with a monument?
41Commemorating African American Soldiers in France ,42Brief History of Black Women in the Military4315 Incredible Monuments That Honor American Soldiers,44American Battlefield Monument Commission,45About the Project,46Chicago's Top Military Attractions
American Native American code talkers WWI and or WWII
34 "6 American Heroes of WWI - History Lists." 2014. 10 Jun. 2016
Code Talkers Navajo and Japanese
54World War II: Navajo Code Talkers | HistoryNet55NAVAJO CODE TALKERS WW2 Native American Warriors History,56Code Talkers - Crystalinks,57Navajo Code Talkers and the Unbreakable Code,58Why were 'code talkers' of Native American languages used so …,59A Navajo Code Talker…Speaks So We Can Understand, at Last,60Did the Japanese have any idea as to what language the Navajo code …
Monument to Native Americans for WWII
47 "Native Americans and World War II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." 2011. 10 Jun. 2016
Dr. Edward Tebbenough at Luther College always hated that it appeared I had no idea how to narrow my thought process but It's important to share knowledge that might teach significant. Injustice seems to surround us all. And I love the history from World civilization to just after WWII. History is my porn.
Significant of History
Black Death On pre Black Death Europe bells rang with joyfulness on celebration for wedding,and births. When deaths started claiming complete towns bells stop ringing many people imagined the loud sound was bad on the I'll that was what doctors said. But one of the true reasons had to do with people were dying enough in some places one ring would stop just for another Bell to ring.
Bells during Black Death
68Black Plague in Europe,69The Black Death and Religious Impact,70Encyclopedia of the Black Death
61 "'Gives Me Chills' Veterans Memorial From Native Perspective - ICTMN ..." 2015. 10 Jun. 2016
Late 17th century the Black Death like everything throughout history returned every 11to 17 years.
Last outbreak in Europe : 1720 Marseilles France.
1898 - 1952: Erupt in China then spread to India.
In Colorado the Black squirrel dwells was known as carrier of Yersina Pestis the fleas were the culprit (bacillus Bubonic and Pneumonic).
At one time you were more likely to see rats thriving in homes than cats. At the beginning of the outbreak these people assumed the disease was linked with evil so the order went out to kill cats.
There is an expression that is apropos “Don’t cut off your nose to spite your face.” It means I think sometimes we don’t see advantages until they are absent.
Reasons humanity imagined God sent the plague? 1. Failure of morals 2. Class competition 3. Population Crisis (not all agricultural land was being farm this cut food down.) 4. Ecological disasters Herlihy’s explanation Why was it believed caused the plague?
The plague had to do the body represented by the four humors.
1.hot and dry 2.Cold and Wet 3.wet and dry 4.wet and hot Stars and planets
Galen Hippothy
Believed it all had to do with bad air.
Different harsh imagining come from hate. Islamic world
Funny sad same thoughts believed about the HIV.
God gave them the plague 1350- Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution
Women were brought into the church to minister to the sick ( because they were expendable. I know exactly what it feels like to be the scapegoat funny nothing ever really changes.)
Humanist self improvement of man - Thomas Moore 1517 “Utopian”
Free will No God moving Immoral proposition Ethics
Pleasure was association Seven deadly sins
Every musician,student went to Italy, Mer hany, banking families
Erasmus and his reforms (thought of as Herman the German)
Reform of the individual
Humanist,educator , educator Erasmus
It was thought that education should not just make you smarter but a better person.
Thomas Moore - Shepherd and sheep of England
Christian Humanism
Humanities - Sameness of societies
Bubonic plague took seven days to die less if pneumonia set in. One precaution they used was first close up all who lived in the house of the I'll person.
Inconsistencies
1. Mortality 2. Rural vs urban 3. Speed of spread 4. Presence or rats Not all tats traveled Boccaccio's 14th century explanation
2 reasons
Wrath of God Miasma (bad air) 1348 Holy leaders could not stop the plague people leave the church
34 death a day death every 2 and a half minutes
San Francisco experienced the plague in 1906
1348 many perished in Venus
1350 Little ice age
Hundred years war French/English
Flaggetce - small whip- self pain
Self punishment -ancient and modern to appease
Scotland - earliest lookup Islam medical universities and the other universities that were in existence during plague
1665
1. Britain and plague 2. Art through the plague 3. Community welfare for two towns 4. People of science in plague 5. First person plague
Horax 14 - 51 primary sources
Artist grew in technics
Christians during times like this severe trauma like chicken little the sky is falling
Scanalogic - end of life Marsay,France
Two kinds of quarantine Dr. Bertrand all religions left ( God on the run
Another paradox and plague
Art and the Black Death
Scenes of daily life and things that worry them and hope
Common images
1.Arrow 2. Poison 4. Death 5 B Death Living and the death
Paintings were used by painting arrows coming down on people the arrows were the Black Death. I could find no reference to the significance of the arrow. See the residence of Italy in the 1300 saw witchcraft in anything they could not understand. It was well let me show you it was nightmarish all cats were killed if caught they were linked to witchcraft. Rats were rapid from the grain of Alexander nearly as many grains of grain as were the rats carrying the flea. Like being struck by an unseen archer the arrows pierced the skin then soon death.
No cell phones filled the hands of the young. There was no getting away from the truth no one knew what was causing this great death. Entire towns vanished. One of the first thoughts people had was if John is ill his entire family will die so lock them all up together.
Have you my reading public ever played Assassins Creed? Have you ever heard the fellow in rubber with the long beak he was a doctor. The outfit was designed by a doctor who never wore the outfit . The mixtures of toxins and urine people drank willingly to ward off the Black Death. What a fantastic time to study.
Artwork showing the Black Death 71Surviving the Black Death,72In medieval culture ,73The Effect of the Plague on art and artist of the Middle Ages,74How the Plague Changed Art History,75Black Death
Religious causes
Sins of the people
Pope Gregory the Great Sword with the tomb of Adrian the fourth
Commands from the church Letters were written by church John Q. Public
Kings called for prayers
Abbott's to Pope Martin Luther Indulgences ,bribing
Two masses
Prayers many and Sebastian (Roman soldier who is shot by arrows becomes a saint for black death
Gregory 1073 Sexuality Non clergy and non royalty or noble Costly clothing Two differences for reasons of the plague
Religion was thought of more important than medical
71 McCouat, P. "Surviving the Black Death - Journal of ART in SOCIETY." 2012.
Hebrews could not own land Doctors were
Economics changed
Clothing
Gregory 1073
Sexuality
Non clergy and non royalty or noble
Costly clothing
Two differences for reasons for the plague
Religion means was take instead of medical Astrology
Primary Causes and astrological Thomas Britain
150- The Flagellants had a large followers
They were called flagellants because of the whips
North door - Door of evil
Event ordeal
Chronicle of Henry Osbroke Hierarchy thing they start hearing confessions and preaching rejected the authority of the church. Black death does in the long run. Late Medieval Popular/Piety
Post Black Death to Reformation Fear of God Focus on the passion of Christ (Cross bearers) Fear of death and damnation Anxiety
Wrath of God
Cult
The cult of the virgin Mary The rosary (Franciscans thoughts Mary had a huge role in Redemption of the world.) Cult of saints Relics Focus on Christ's passion Passion plays ( like the one that runs all summer long near Spearfish Canyon,SD) The stations of the Cross Fear of death and damnation ● Purgatory ● Indulgences ● The Treasury of merits ● 1343 idea is works Of Christ and saints go beyond heaven go into a treasury the Pope has access 1. Pilgrimages 2. Masses for the dead
Science- medical
Serfs right
Scapegoats Change States Internal problems of the church Soviet Union and East Berlin.
Unprepared death and prepared death religious responses
New rules came about in the church due to the great numbers losing their lives due to the Black Death
Women were allowed to hear last confessions if no priest around
Categories in contents of Horrox( primer from those that lived the history.) Science and Renaissance People disagreed with Greek literature Galen was wrong Renaissance brought Critical thought to Humanism Mindset saw information as incorrect.
The argument was wrong. The old was being viewed and rejected
Humanist - saw older stuff available various forms of education Education of the individual Wrong thought that the Renaissance was a stage to visit old thought .
The disputation concerning man
The theses
Disputation of Rev. Sir Dr. Martin Luther Concerning man, in the year 1536
1. Philosophy or human defines man as an animal having reason,sensation, and body. 3.definition of man as only a mortal and in relation to this life. 5.It is the inventor and mentor of all the arts,medicine,laws, and of whatever wisdom,power,virtue,glory men possess in this life. 13 - 15 about God the creator 29 Good will free will(no free will) 30 - 32 Justification
A short history of Renaissance Europe by Jonathan W. Zophy,University of Houston Clear Lake,Prentice Hall,Upper Saddle River,New Jersey 07458 , 1998
The Renaissance was referred to as the best and the worst times . Painting 1300 and 1700 changed immensely. Masters such as Jan van Eyck , Botticelli , Albrecht Du(umlaut)rer ,Raphael , Michelangelo , Titian , Artemisia Gentileschi .(page 1)
Italian Masters
Leonardo da Vinci - perfected techniques in oil,perspective and use of light/shade.
Da Vinci loved nature during the Renaissance humanism and Scientific naturalism in art. Fifteenth century philosopher Marsilio Ficino labeled this time ,the golden age .
Literature,the Renaissance saw giants in culture. Boccaccio,Cervantes,Marguerite of Navarre,Petrarch,Rabelais and Shakespeare.
Important thinkers like Christine de Pizan she added diversity in roles of women during the Renaissance . The classical scholars and humanists of the period were Erasmus and Lorenzo Villa - Judeo - Christian tradition. (Page 2)
Aristotle and Ptolemy clearer thinker to some degree was the Pole Nicholas Copernicus( interesting point this was a name of a character in the second Harry Potter).
The Fleming Andreas Vesalius revised what was thought of about the human body changing thoughts of Galen in the second A.D.
Religious leaders John Wycliffe,Jan Hus,Savonarola challenging traditional thought. Guicciardini and Machiavelli challenged recording history.
At the onslaught of the Renaissance disasters natural and human disasters and ended with religious wars and the Reformation era.
It was during the Renaissance period that bankers were used more efficiently by merchants for raising capital.
Double entry bookkeeping and Bills of exchange an improvement for business.
Navigation techniques grew more sophisticated. Ships were larger. Standard living improved.
Painter Giotto(C.1267-1337) and naturalist Maria Sibylla Merian (1647 - 1717), Historian Richard Goldthwaite saw Renaissance Italy the birthplace of modern consumer society(page 3)
New way to elect a ruler(monarch) 1356 called the the Golden Bull allowed codification this was an act of the Roman Empire.
Federal levels were many times replaced with mercenaries (hired guns). The lance and sword replaced with first with bow and arrow(think Robin Hood). These two methods of armory became obsolete when gunpowder weapons.
Course,dark stable of grains like barley,the,millet,wheat,or some of all of those .
Fruit usually to expensive for common people. It was King Henri IV sixteenth century spoke his hopes for s chicken in every pot every Sunday.
Due to poor diets illness and disease followed resulting in malnutrition. Ministration began typically 12-14. Eating poorly caused that to occur later in the girls life. Women in northern Europe married about 23 to older men.( chapter 2,page 9)
Potatoes came from Peru,corn followed then to Spain 1583 then onto Italy 1601. Usually families had two to three children. One third of all babies died before they were one year old. And only forty five percent of those children made succeeded to adulthood.
The love of a peasant woman tires me just from reading. Peasant women’s duties helping the men with plowing,weeding,reaping,threshing . In the house houßhold chores,finding kindling,getting water,tend garden and animals,nurse babies,cook,sweep,keep fires going. Do all the wash,make cheese and butter,take care of animals. Like the modern women Amish you can read about in the (Amish of Allamakee County in northern Iowa by Val Heike Littlewolf.) Quote “If the father died the family suffered if the woman died the family can not exist.” (Page 10,chapter 2)
Major peasant disturbances Flanders between 1323 and 1328 France 1358
England 1381 Germany sevéal times in the 1500’s Bundschih revolts concerned clog like shoes
A third of the townspeople were apprentices,journeymen,Garner's,prostitutes,unskilled laborés,paupers,and peddlers.
Nuremberg gave away free bread daily 13000 people in 1340 in 1540 and 1541
Black Death 1347 and 1350 By 1500 century trade and towers began to swell in population again restored some of the population. Eurpures population began to grow.
Renaissance governments mirrored family and household structure is being not only patriarchal but also paternalistic. (Quote,chapter 2,page 15)
Painter Maronus van Reymerswaele,lawyer . Class warfare Nurembég re voted in 1348 to 1349 or when Cloth workers Called Ciompi crush by their more compelled members of their guild.
Nuremberg revolted on 1348 to 1349 , hungry cloth workers in Florence revolted in summer of 1378. Italian merchants start actively trading with the Byzantine and Arabs. Marco Polo (c .1254-1324) for decades traded with the Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan(1167-1227) grandson in Asia Kublai Khan . ( chapter 2,page 17)
Crusades to the holy land was sponsored not by the church but by bankers.(1096 - 1291) Goods taken - luxury goods like cotton,silk,muslin,medicine,performs,spices and...
Florentine trading houses such as the Bardi and Peruzzi banking used as exchange made easy profits.
Jacob Fugger the rich (1459-152 ?)
Slogan” I’ shall gain while I able’, Jacob the Rich’s motto.
Antwerp,Amsterdam,London,and Paris emerged in the of Europe. the Roman Empire seemed controlled by Jacob the rich backing Emperor Maximilian the first. Jacobs mother a leading business woman in her own part in Venice. Women granted significant parts in life and business separates Roman women from their Greek counterpart. Fugger big business.bookkeeper politician backer. The phase comes to mind “Having his fingers in many pies.” Fugger assisted Charles claimed his throne in 1519 by loaning him $544000 gulden in bribe money.
Warrior queen Isabella of Castile(1451-1504) she was pressured to stop religíous pluralism.
In Spain Islam was forced out Spain was part of the Spanish Kingdom. The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople or Byzantium ,in 1453.
Christian West poetry writing Sultan S(umlaut U)leyman’s I(r. 1520 - 1566),the lawgiver.
Tatars as well as Africans caught and sold African slaves.
Spanish inquisition So sad public ritual public burnings of Jews in Spain continued until late in seventeenth century.
The theater of Blood in 1680. Portugal in 1496 under King Joao he also forced HEBREWS TO CONVERT to Christianity or to flee 1517.
Nuremberg has no residents who were Jewish 1498.
Maximilian's grandson and next in line of crown Charles V(r.1519 - 1555) inspired by the Renaissance humanists,took a more benevolent attitude toward the empire’s Jews.
Nobility During a joust king Henri. II of France died after receiving a blow to his eye 1559 .
Paladines( name of a Western TV show in the 1960’s) knights who became like the TV hero hired guns.
Canon law -legal code Renaissance clergy were made up of two main groups. 1. Secular 2. Regular Secular- those who were in the world
Regular - followed a religious rule and were or were either cloistered monks or worked among lairy as friars.
Secular consists of two groups upper and a lower clergy.
The lower clergy -minor orders considered of doorkeppers.in minor ,considered doorkeepers,acoylytes lectors and exocists.
Augustine friars dress in white robes Cistercian monks.Nuns had short hair and wore distinctive habits and head covering.
Hundred year old war between English and French kingdoms actually went sixteen years longer than a hundred. (1337 - 1453) followed by War of the Roses(1455 - 1485). Black Death (1347 - 1350) when the weather cool down so did the deaths.
Hundred year war and war of the roses started with peasant revolts.
Flanders,Italy,the Iberian peninsula,the Netherlands and
The plague struck again 1368,1374,1374,1375,1379,1390,1407,and throughout most of the rest of the Renaissance.
Joan of Arc was a bargaining ploy. There was a play done on the 1950’s of the haunting of Joan on the Dauphin of France. Very good.
Book:The history of Invention: From stone axes to silicon Chips, by Trevor I. Williams,Facts on
file Publications,NY,New York , Oxford England,1987,first edition , PAGE 95 , 96 (BELOW)
Classical Latin had no equivalent in Arabic technical terms so words were simply translated into
the Roman alphabet. Words like alkali and alcohol . Thomas Aquinas,13th century tried to integrate new learning Christian theological tradition many thoughts from others distorted his thoughts. The other theologians were Jewish philosopher Maimonides, Averroes Ibn Rushd who made his thoughts known on Aristotle 15th and 16th centuries.
The Renaissance a cultural revolution began in Italy 14 century . Michelangelo and Leonardo da
Vinci painters that changed their period in time relevant even to today June 2016. Leonardo painters who installed numbers and symbols in his works of art,created machines that even today are used by our service men and author.
Book : Great Ages of man “The Renaissance” by John R. Hale and the Editors of Time Life
Books,Alexandria,VA , (1898 - 1967) ,1965
Before the 1300 paintings lacked dimension , figures lacked warmth. The study of the liberal arts and humanity and culture humanists. Humanist medieval scholars Petrarch and Boccaccio ,sculptor Donatello,architects Brunelleschi , painter Masaccio. Writer mid 15 century Matteo Palmieri. Architect Antonio Filarete.
1305 the papacy left Rome for 70 to Avignon. 1313 northern Italy was freed,got Independence from Henry VII,ruler of Holy Roman Empire.
Getting rich during the Renaissance was easy staying wealthy took Education . Quote page , 14
, Time Life Renaissance.
It was the Italians who pioneered :partnership agreements,holding companies,mazine insurance ,credit transfers,double-entry bookkeeping.
Studia humanitatis or humanities during the Renaissance humanities stood for a view of a life appeared enamoured with the Christian god humanist appeared intellectual attitudes of old
Greece. We read Livy in Roman history at Luther College, forty books of Livy were found of his scrolls
Livy wrote things everyday people should read and people forget that is important as those that made history live..
A humanist was thought to excel at living a more civic life, Renaissance scholar a public
figure,teacher,propagandist,a diplomat,politician.
Fortuna,one of two popular emblems of the Renaissance was the other Occasio emblem. The
Renaissance loved do dad’s or if you will emblems like the one for the famous publication house like the dolphin and anchor of Aldine Press.
Great thinkers like Plato and Pico della Mirandola. Writers like Petrarch and Leon Battista
Alberti. A Renaissance man scholar was much more likely you be a public figure,teacher,propagandis,a diplomat , a secretary of state.Quote page 17
Giannozzo Manetti 1452 thought god created the earth man then improved it. Lorenzo
Valla,1440 wrote a treatise proving that the Donation of Constantine. Flemish sojourner Brill painter. Father of modern Architecture Flavio Biondo.
Ruler of Milan, Gian Galeazzo the Visconti,14 century death was sudden. 1347, Cola di
Florentin Rienzo, Roman notary donned himself Tribune of the people. Florentine historian
Giovanni
Realism of the Renaissance
76Artists embrace Realism 77Four Faces of Moral Realism
76 "Artists embrace Realism - Post and Courier." 2012. 10 Jun. 2016
78Women writers.79Women's Writing in the Renaissance and Reformation.80Women
Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation: Katharina M ….81Women Writing in
English.82Medieval and Renaissance Women Writers | Gender, Sexuality and ….83Women
Writers - Medieval and Renaissance.84Grief and Women Writers in the English
Renaissance.85Women Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation
Painters Women
78 "Women writers :: Life and Times :: Internet Shakespeare Editions." 2010. 10 Jun. 2016
Century: Renaissance/Baroque,89Female Painters of the Italian Renaissance,90Women Painting
Women: Anguissola and Fontana,91Renaissance Art and Artists - Famous Female painters
Cool point did you know that it was during the renaissance women models really were painted it was a new concept real models.
Royalty females who painted and wrote and letters that survived the years
History is really our friend if we take care of it.
92More Women Rulers 93I'M A RENAISSANCE QUEEN.,94Henry IV of France's wives and mistresses,95Report 1-,96Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts
86 "Women Artists of the Renaissance - Artcyclopedia." 2010. 10 Jun. 2016
97Women's Roles in the Renaissance, 98Nuns and Architecture in Renaissance Reggio Emilia
Daughters of painters
99Melanie Spinks,100Artemisia Gentileschi101Women Painters during the Italian Renaissance
Humanist women and men during the Renaissance
102Education and Women: Why Not?,103women in the renaissance,104Italian Renaissance (1330-
1550): Women,105Renaissance Women: Roles and Images,106Women from the Renaissance to the
97 "Women's Roles in the Renaissance." 10 Jun. 2016
Philosophy
Women in poverty during Renaissance
111Gender Roles of Women in the Renaissance,112Renaissance Women,113Women Renaissance
Florence
The Black Death was kissing cousin to the Renaissance
114 T he Black Death,115The Black Death gave life to the Renaissance,116Consequences,117The
Black Death: The Greatest Catastrophe Ever,118The Black Death Transformed: Disease and
Culture in Early,119The Black Death: Bubonic Plague
107 "Famous People of the Renaissance •Biography Online." 2013. 10 Jun. 2016