Cardiovascular System Study Guide

Vocab: Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium Visceral Pericardium Atrium Ventricle Aorta Parietal Pericardium AV Valves Semilunar Valves Angina Pectoris Myocardial Infarction Systole Diastole Cardiac Cycle Electrocardiogram Coronary Arteries Angiogram Angioplasty Surgical Stent Bypass Surgery Chordae Tendineae Arteries Veins Arterioles Venules Capillaries Mid-to-Late Diastole Ventricular Systole Early Diastole Heart Murmur Blood Pressure Hypertension Coronary Artery Disease Systolic Pressure Diastolic Pressure Male Heart Rate Female Heart Rate Fetal Heart Rate Purkinje System SA Node AV Node Bundle of His Bundle Branches Purkinje Fibers Tachycardia Bradycardia Fibrillation P-wave QRS-complex T-wave Atherosclerosis Tunica Intima Tunica Media Tunica Externa Aneurysm Saccular Aneurysm Fusiform Aneurysm a) Be able to list all 14 steps (in order) of blood flow through the heart and body. b) Heart coverings and layers to the heart (p. 314 – 317) c) Major coronary arteries (p. 318 – 319) -Location -Problems -4 ways to fix them d) Heart Valves (Atrialventricular vs. Semilunar) (p. 317 – 318) -Structure -Purpose -Location e) Cardiac Cycle (p. 322 – 323) -Systole vs. Diastole -Three phases to it and where is the blood moving -Valves open vs. Valves closed -Status of each chamber in each phase f) What is Blood Pressure? -Diastolic pressure vs. Systolic pressure -Causes -Know the numbers g) How does the “Purkinje System” work? (p. 320 – 322) -SA node -AV node -Bundle of HIS -Bundle Branches -Purkinje Fibers h) Electrocardiograms (p. 321) -Be able to label the following parts of an EKG. (P wave, QRS complex, T wave, 1complete cardiac cycle) -What can we learn from reading one? -Can you identify heart defects from reading one such as… *Fibrillation, Bradycardia, Tachycardia,*

i) Circulatory system outside the heart (p. 325 – 327) -Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins -Anatomy of a blood vessel -Vein vs. Artery j) Aneurysms -Types -Treatment -Symptoms k) Location of the major arteries and veins (p. 328 – 330) -Be able to locate them by looking at a picture

Essential Questions from the unit you should be able to answer at a high level…. 1) What is the basic anatomy of the human heart? (both internal and external) 2) How do the chambers of the heart work together to successfully complete a full cardiac cycle? 3) How do the valves and chambers work together on a functional human heart? 4) What are possible problems that can occur within the heart that can cause cardiac complications? 5) How do surgeons repair heart problems? 6) How do the electrical signals within the heart work? 7) How is blood pressure important in heart health and how can someone monitor and control their bp? 8) What are some seminaries and differences between arteries and veins? 9) Where do we find some of the larger veins and arteries in the human body?

Review Questions Complete the following review questions and turn them in by Thursday morning to receive extra credit for the test p. 348 – 349

Multiple Choice (A question can have more than one answer) 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12

Short Answer 2, 5, 8 (not stroke volume though), 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 25,