Zinn, Columbus, the Indians an Human Progress; Drawing the Color Line

Study Guide 1 Hst 1 Nash, chapters 1-3 Zinn, Columbus, The Indians an Human Progress; Drawing the Color Line

1. Three worlds meet – what are the three worlds described by Nash?

2. Mesoamerica

3. Aztecs

4. Incas

5. Caribbean – who were the Taino?

6. North America: Pueblo, plains, Cahokia, woodlands

7. “Indianess” (What Indians had in common throughout North America)

 Indian egalitarianism

 Indian community

 Indian spirituality 8. West Africa

 Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Benin

 Timbuktu

 Trade with Europe

 African ethos

 African spirituality/africanity

 Africa and slavery

9. Western Europe

 Pagan Europe (e.g., Germans, Celts – cultural expressions?)

 Roman conquests (Christian conversions)

 Dark Ages

 Feudalism  Black Death

 Peasant rebellions

 Early proto-capitalist development

 Early nation states

 Islam and Reconquista

 Iberian expansion

10. Portugal and Spain - Trade routes to Asia

11. Age of “discovery” (what was “discovered”?)

12. Prince Henry

13. The caravel

14. Vasco da Gama & “Portuguese lake”

15. Christopher Columbus  Conquest of Caribbean

 Columbus and slavery

 Bartolome de Las Casas

 Enrique’s Rebellion

16. Death rates among Native Americans

17. Trans-Atlantic slave trade

18. Plunder from New World --- “"The discovery of gold and silver in America, the extirpation, enslavement and entombment in mines of the aboriginal population, the beginning of the conquest and looting of the East Indies, the turning of Africa into a warren for the commercial hunting of black-skins, signaled the rosy dawn of the era of capitalist production."

19. Golden Triangle/Great Circuit (three points of trade – which direction? Cargo on each respective link of the voyage?)

20. Middle Passage

21. Slave trade and impact on European economic development 22. Spain and Portugal (describe each respective empire)

23. Portuguese in Brazil (main crop?)

24. Slave trade relations with African elites

25. Impact of slave trade on African development

26. Rise of mercantile capitalism/mercantilism

27. Mercantilism --- The theory and system of political economy prevailing in Europe after the decline of feudalism, based on national policies of accumulating bullion, establishing colonies and a merchant marine, and developing industry and mining to attain a favorable balance of trade.

28. Protestant Reformation

29. Martin Luther --- German theologian and leader of the Reformation. His opposition to the wealth and corruption of the papacy and his belief that salvation would be granted on the basis of faith alone rather than by works caused his excommunication from the Catholic Church (1521)

30. John Calvin --- French-born Swiss Protestant theologian who broke with the Roman Catholic Church (1533) and set forth the tenets of his theology, known today as Presbyterianism, in Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536).

31. English enclosure movement 32. English settlement of North America 33. Joint-stock companies

34. Virginia settlements

35. Powhatons

36. Indentured servitude

37. Anthony Johnson

38. Bacon’s Rebellion

39. Transition to African slavery

40. Massachusetts Bay Colony

41. John Winthrop --- English-born American colonial administrator who was the first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, serving seven terms between 1629 and 1649

42. Native Americans

43. Anne Hutchinson --- (1591-1643). English-born American colonist and religious leader who was banished from Boston (1637) for her religious beliefs, which included an emphasis on personal intuition as a means toward salvation. 44. Roger Williams --- English cleric in America. After being expelled from Massachusetts for his criticism of Puritanism, he founded Providence (1636), a community based on religious freedom and democratic ideals, and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663.

45. Wampanoags

46. King Phillip’s War --- 1675-76

47. Strife in North American mainland colonies

48. Wars between New England and New France