Ch 4-6 Earth S Materials

EES Page 1 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Lesson 1 Minerals … 1. What are some phrases that would describe the following words? a. mineral

b. crystal

c. ore

d. gem

2. What are the 5 characteristics of a mineral?

3. What are three ways minerals can form? Be able to describe each process.

4. Which major mineral group is most common?

5. Speaking of ores… a. What is the definition of an ore?

b. By what process are metal ores obtained?

c. Why are ores crushed before processing?

d. What are the two major environmental concerns about mining for ores and processing ores? EES Page 2 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Lesson 2: Igneous Rocks… 1. What does the word igneous mean?

2. How do igneous rocks form?

3. What are 2 uses/applications of igneous rocks?

4. Why don’t fossils usually form in igneous rocks?

5. Two types of igneous rocks are felsic and mafic. What elements compose each?

6. Where do the following types of igneous rocks form – extrusive, intrusive

7. Why do extrusive rocks have small crystals or no crystals at all?

8. Why do intrusive rocks have large crystals?

9. Fill out the following chart to describe the rocks you viewed in lab.

Felsic or Extrusive or Rock Mafic? Intrusive? Unique Characteristics/Description… Obsidian

Pumice

Basalt

Granite

Diorite

Scoria

Trachyte Porphyry Felsite EES Page 3 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Lesson 3: Sedimentary Rocks… 1. What does the term sediment mean?

2. List the processes (in order!) by which sedimentary rocks form…

3. What are 2 uses/applications of sedimentary rocks?

4. What are the 3 types of sedimentary rocks?

5. What is a clastic sedimentary rock?

a. How do clastic sedimentary rocks form?

b. What are the 3 examples of clastic sedimentary rocks that you saw in lab and how do they differ in grain size? Which one would form from the clay in your backyard?

6. How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?

a. What are the two chemical sedimentary rocks that you saw in the lab?

b. Which one is the scientific name for rock salt?

7. What is an organic sedimentary rock?

a. What did you see in the coquina?

b. What is the origin of the following 2 examples of organic sedimentary rocks? i. coal ii. coquina EES Page 4 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Lesson 4: Metamorphic Rocks… Use your lessons and observations to answer the following questions. 1. What does the term metamorphic mean?

2. What two terms describe how metamorphic rocks form?

3. Explain how each type of metamorphism may change rocks… a. Regional

b. Contact

c. Hydrothermal

4. List 1 use/application of metamorphic rocks.

5. What are two types of metamorphic rocks?

6. What do foliated metamorphic rocks have that non-foliated do not have?

7. What are the two examples of foliated metamorphic rocks you saw in lab?

8. What are the two examples of non-foliated metamorphic rocks you saw in lab?

Lesson 5: The Rock Cycle… Fill out the chart to describe the forces necessary to transform a rock into another type of rock.

These Forces/Processes Would Transform a Rock … into a(n)… igneous rock

sedimentary rock metamorphic EES Page 5 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Sedimentary Rocks to ID: Name Clastic/Chemical/Organic Description/Image

Sandstone

Limestone

Rock Salt

Rock Gypsum

Bituminous coal EES Page 6 of 6 Goal 2.1 Minerals M.Sewell rm #70

Metamorphic Rocks to ID: Name Foliated/Nonfoliated Description/Image

Biotite Gneiss

Mica Schist

Soapstone

Quartzite

Marble