Clinical Anatomy of Domestic Animals

CLINICAL ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS Syllabus of lectures (1 hour) summer semester

1. Anatomical foundations of clinical examination . Visible and palpable point on the body surface, needed for topographical orientation. Superficial projection of organs on body surfaces – skeletotopie. Basics for effective clinical examination. 2. Musculoskeletal anatomy I. of dog and cat. Radiography of the skeleton of a dog; ossification and closure of the growth plates of long bones. Fracture healing and bone remodelling. Anatomy of the joint: joint cartilage, joint capsule, synovial fluid and ligaments. Joint tap and evaluation of the synovial fluid. Anatomy of selected surgical approach to joints and long bones. 3. Musculoskeletal anatomy II of dog and cat. Functional and radiographic anatomy of selected joints (shoulder, elbow, hip, stifle) with the emphasis on some hereditary diseases. Biomechanics of the stifle joint in relation to certain surgical procedures for cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle in a dog. 4. Musculoskeletal anatomy I. of large animals. Radiography of the skeleton of a dog; ossification and closure of the growth plates of long bones. Fracture healing and bone remodelling. Anatomy of the joint: joint cartilage, joint capsule, synovial fluid and ligaments. Joint tap and evaluation of the synovial fluid. Anatomy of selected surgical approach to joints and long bones. 5. Musculoskeletal anatomy II of large animals. Functional and radiographic anatomy of selected joints (shoulder, elbow, hip, stifle) with the emphasis on some hereditary diseases. Biomechanics of the stay apparatus in horses. Patellar locking mechanism. 6. Neuroanatomy in dog and cat I. Correlation of topographic regions of brain and function, radiology of skull and spine, spaces in spine, anatomical background for myelography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, evaluation of CSF. Applied neuroanatomy – foundations. 7. Neuroanatomy in dog and cat II. Diagnostic imaging in neurology – radiography, CT, MRI. Anatomical foundations of myelography . Clinically relevant peripheral nerves and their coursses – superficial projection. 8. Neuroanatomy of a horse I. Correlation of topographic regions of brain and function, radiology of skull and spine, spaces in spine, anatomical background for myelography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, evaluation of CSF. Applied neuroanatomy – foundations in equine neurology. 9. Neuroanatomy of a horse II. Diagnostic imaging in neurology – radiography, CT, MRI. Anatomical foundations of myelography. Clinically relevant peripheral nerves and their courses – superficial projection. 10. Anatomy of the head of a dog and cat. Superfical points on the head and their skeletopical projections. Anatomy of upper airways – biomechanics of upper airways in relation to brachycephalic syndrome. Clinical anatomy of the eye and orbit – evaluation of eye fundus. 11. Anatomy of the head of large animals. Superfical points on the head and their skeletopical projections. Anatomy of upper airways – biomechanics of upper airways in relation to exercise in horses. Clinical anatomy of the eye and orbit – evaluation of eye fundus. 12. Cardiopulmonary anatomy of dog, cat and large animals. Location of cardiac silhouette, heart valves, phrenic nerve, and major blood vessels in relation to external landmarks and function. Radiographic anatomy of heart and major vessels showing blood flow and airways. Anatomy of intercostal spaces and it‘s relation to thoracotomy and thoracocentesis. Biomechanics of lower airways. 13. Topographical and clinical anatomy of abdomen. Stratigraphy of abdominal wall and it‘s relations to surgical approaches. Topography of abdominal and pelvic organs. Radiographic anatomy of abdomen. 14. Anatomy of the thorax and abdomen in ruminants. Location of cardiac silhouette, heart valves, phrenic nerve, and major blood vessels in relation to external landmarks and function. Radiographic anatomy of heart and major vessels showing blood flow and airways. Anatomy of intercostal spaces and it‘s relation to thoracotomy and thoracocentesis. Stratigraphy of abdominal wall and it‘s relations to surgical approaches. Topography of abdominal and pelvic organs. CLINICAL ANATOMY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS Syllabus of practicals (2 hours) summer semester

1. Anatomical foundations of clinical examination. Demonstration on live snímal. 2. Musculoskeletal system of dog and cat I. Demonstration on live animal. Examination of the limbs. Arthrocentesis, surgical apparoaches and dissection of joints. Dissection of limbs – functional groups of muscles and biomechanics of joints. 3. Musculoskeletal system of dog and cat II. Diagnostic imaging – radiography, CT, MRI. Evalution of radiographs. Demonstration of clinical cases with anatomical diagnosis. 4. Musculoskeletal system of horse I. Demonstration on live animal. Examination of the limbs. Arthrocentesis, surgical apparoaches and dissection of joints. Dissection of limbs – functional groups of muscles and biomechanics of joints and stay apparatus in horses. 5. Musculoskeletal system of horse II. Diagnostic imaging – radiography, CT, MRI including hoof of the horse. 6. Evaluation of radiographs. Presentation of assigned cases and their presentation. 7. Neuroatomy of dog and cat I. Neurological examination, dissection of CNS; myelography. Presentation of clinical cases. 8. Neuroatomy of dog and cat II – diagnostic imaging; evaluation of radiographs. 9. Neuroanatomy of a horse. Neurological examination, dissection of CNS; myelography. Demonstration of live animal and local anaesthesia. 10. Neuroanatomy of a horse II. – diagnostic imaging; evaluation of radiographs. 11. Anatomy of the head. Demonstration of superficial points - skeletotopie. Diagnostic imaging – evaluation. Endoscopy of upper airway. Dissection of head. 12. Thoracic cavity. Demonstartion of live animal – auscultation of lungs and heart. Skeletotopie. Diagnostic imaging – evaluation. Surgical approaches to the chest. Thoracocentesis. Dissection. 13. Abdominal cavity of dog and cat. Demonstration of live animal with abdominal palpation. Laparotomy and surgical approaches. Diagnostic imaging – evaluation of radiographs. 14. Abdominal cavity of a horse. Demonstration of live animal with abdominal palpation. Laparotomy and surgical approaches.