AP HUG Summer Project Study Guide

Chapter One: 1. Geography 5. Place 2. Eratosthenes 6. How is location different from place? 3. Strabo 7. Region 4. Spatial 8. 9. 10. Chapter Three: 1. Explain the difference between relative and absolute location. Which is superior? 2. Hipparchus 3. Latitude 4. Longitude 5. The Equator 6. Prime Meridian 7. How did Hipparchus choose the location for the equator? 8. Explain why Greenwich was chosen for the Prime Meridian in 1884. 9. Why did Hipprachus choose divide a circle (and the earth) into 360 degrees? 10. Who decided that the top of a map would be the direction north? 11. Parallels 12. Meridians 13. Our system of ______goes back to the Sumerians based 6 arithmetic used by Hipparchus. 14. GPS 11. 12. Chapter Four: 1. Cartography 2. Projections 3. Explain why the earth NOT a sphere. 4. Globe 5. Mercator Projection 6. Goode’s Interrupted Projection 7. Explain why most geographers prefer the Robinson Projection. 13. 14. Chapter Five: 1. Scale 2. Topography 15. 16. Chapter Six: 1. Explain the difference between a tectonic force and a gradational force 2. Alfred Wegener 3. Mid Atlantic Range 4. Theory of Plate Tectonics 5. Give three reasons why geographers are interested in mountains. 6. Seismology 7. The Ring of Fire 8. Hawaii 9. Lahar 17. 18. Chapter Seven: 1. Gradational force 19. 20. Chapter Eight: 1. List the four oceans 2. Lake 3. Seas 4. The different zones which were created by the United Nations regarding the coasts: a. Territorial Sea d. The High Seas b. Contiguous Zone e. c. Exclusive Economic Zone f. g. h. i. Chapter Nine: 1. Weather 5. Rain shadow 2. Climate 6. Continentality 3. Windward slope 7. Monsoon 4. Leeward slope 8. 9. Chapter 10: 1. Steppe 3. Malaria 2. Mediterranean 4. 5. Chapter Eleven: 1. The population of earth. 2. Demography 3. What is the Demographic Transition Model? Also-- Be able to describe the four stages 6. 7. Chapter 12: 1. “Brain Drain” 2. What areas of the USA are losing population? What areas are gaining? 8. 9. Chapter 13: 1. What is cultural diffusion? Know the THREE types of cultural diffusion: a. Relocation diffusion b. Contiguous expansion diffusion c. Hierarchal diffusion 2. Gullah 3. Toponyms 10. 11. Chapter 14: 1. The four types of country shapes. 2. State 3. Nation 4. State-less nation 12. 13. Chapter 15: 1. Economics 2. The FOUR types of economic activities. a. Primary activities b. Secondary activities c. Tertiary activities d. Quaternary activities 3. Subsistence economy 4. Commercial economy 14. 15. Chapter 16: 1. Natural resource 2. Non-renewable energy sources 3. The world has a _____ year supply of oil, a _____ year supply of coal, and a ____ year supply of natural gas. 4. Gasonol 5. Renewable sources 16. 17. Chapter 17: 1. What city is the largest Metropolitan Area in the world today? 2. Primate city 3. List the five regions where the first cities developed. (Five urban hearths) 4. What is the most important prerequisite for the development and growth of cities? 5. CBD 6. Gentrification 18. 19. Chapter 18: 1. Acid rain 3. Greenhouse effect 2. Global warming 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.