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Name______Class______Date______Skills Worksheet What is light? p.632-635
Section: What Is Light? LIGHT: AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 1. What is light? a. a type of matter c. a type of water wave b. a type of sound wave d. a type of energy 2. How does light travel? a. as matter c. as a magnetic field b. as a wave d. as electric current 3. How is light different from other kinds of waves? a. Light is magnetic. b. Light travels more slowly. c. Light must travel through matter. d. Light does not need matter totravel. 4. What kind of wave is light? a. a matter wave c. a magnetic wave b. an electric wave d. an electromagnetic wave 5. What do the letters EM in EM wave stand for? a. electromagnetic b. energy and matter c. electrical material d. energy moving 6. What do electromagnetic waves consist of? a. changing electric charges b. changing sound waves c. changing gravitational fields d. changing electric and magnetic fields
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 17 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Electric and Magnetic Fields Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word.
7. can exert a force on another object • without touching that object a. magnetic field 8. surrounds every charged object • b. EM wave’s fields 9. surrounds every magnet • c. fields 10. are perpendicular to each other • d. electric fields
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question.
11. What kind of objects does an electric field pull toward charged objects? a. uncharged objects b. magnetically charged objects c. like-charged objects d. oppositely charged objects 12. What kind of objects does an electric field push away from charged objects? a. uncharged objects b. magnetically charged objects c. like-charged objects d. oppositely charged objects
How EM Waves Are Produced
13. What can the vibration of an electrically charged particle produce? a. a matter wave b. an electric wave c. a magnetic wave d. an electromagnetic wave
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 18 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
EM wave energy radiation
14. Electric and magnetic fields vibrating together produce a(n) ______. 15. An EM wave carries ______. 16. The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves is called ______
THE SPEED OF LIGHT Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 17. What is the speed of light in space? a. 300,000 km b. 300,000 km/s c. 300,000 km/min d. 300,000 km/hr 18. What happens to the speed of light when light travels in matter? a. It is slightly faster. b. It is a lot faster. c. It is slightly slower. d. It is a lot slower. 19. Why do you usually see lightning before you hear thunder? a. because light travels faster than sound b. because sound travels faster than light c. because lightning travels in a straight line d. because sound is produced later than light
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 19 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 20. The moon is 384,000 kilometers from Earth. If light travels at 300,000 km/s, how long does light take to travel from the moon to Earth? a. 0.78 seconds b. 7.8 seconds c. 1.28 seconds d. 12.8 seconds
LIGHT FROM THE SUN
21. How long does light from the sun take to reach Earth? a. 8.3 seconds b. 83 seconds c. 8.3 minutes d. 83 minutes 22. The major source of energy on Earth comes from what? a. food energy b. fossil fuels c. photosynthesis d. EM waves from the sun 23. Plants use photosynthesis to store what? a. EM waves b. fossil fuels c. radiation d. energy from the sun
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 20 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 24. What happens when animals eat plants or other animals that eat plants? a. The animals use and store energy from Earth. b. The animals use and store energy from the sun. c. The animals use up EM waves. d. The animals radiate energy from Earth. 25. Where does the energy stored by fossil fuels come from? a. the sun c. other planets b. Earth d. the moon 26. Fossil fuels are formed from what? a. other fossil fuels b. plants and animals that are alive now c. energy from Earth d. plants and animals that lived long ago 27. How much of the energy given off by the sun reaches Earth? a. none b. a very small part c. half d. almost all 28. In what direction does the sun give off energy as EM waves? a. up and down c. in two directions b. in one direction d. in all directions 29. What happens to most of the energy given off by the sun? a. The energy travels to Earth. b. The energy is stored in plants. c. The energy becomes fossil fuels. d. The energy travels away in space.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 21 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Skills Worksheet Section Review p.635
What Is Light? USING KEY TERMS 1. Use the following terms in the same sentence: electromagnetic wave and radiation. ______
UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS ______2. Electromagnetic waves are different from other types of waves because they can travel through a. air. c. space. b. glass. d. steel. 3. Describe light in terms of electromagnetic waves. ______4. Why is light from the sun important? ______5. How can electromagnetic waves be produced? ______
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 22 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Section Review continued
MATH SKILLS 6. The distance from the sun to Jupiter is 778,000,000 km. How long does it take for light from the sun to reach Jupiter? Show your work below.
CRITICAL THINKING 7. Making Inferences Why is it important that EM waves can travel through empty space? ______8. Making Comparisons How does the amount of energy produced by the sun compare with the amount of energy that reaches Earth from the sun? ______9. Applying Concepts Explain why the energy produced by burning wood in a campfire is energy from the sun. ______
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 23 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Skills Worksheet Electromagnetic Spectrum p.636- 643
Section: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 24 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______CHARACTERISTICS OF EM WAVES Circle the letter of the best answer for each question.
1. At what speed do EM waves travel in a vacuum? a. 3,000,000 km/s b. 3,000,000 km/min c. 300,000 km/s d. 300,000 km/min 2. What is the way to find the speed of a wave? a. Divide wavelength by frequency. b. Multiply wavelength by frequency. c. Divide frequency by wavelength. d. Add frequency and wavelength. 3. What is the entire range of EM waves called? a. a rainbow b. visible light c. electricity d. the electromagnetic spectrum 4. How are electromagnetic waves arranged? a. by speed b. by amplitude c. by wavelength or frequency d. by usefulness
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 25 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
gamma rays infrared waves ultraviolet waves X rays
5. EM waves whose name means “below red” are ______. 6. EM waves that are produced by some nuclear reactions are ______7. EM waves discovered in 1895 are ______8. EM waves whose name means “beyond violet” are ______
RADIO WAVES Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 9. Which EM waves have some of the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies? a. microwaves b. radio waves c. sound waves d. broadcasting waves Broadcasting Radio Signals 10. What is changing amplitude or frequency called? a. amplification b. encoding c. modulation d. moderation
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 26 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Comparing AM and FM Radio Waves Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 11. Which affects FM radio waves less than AM radio waves? a. electrical noise c. sunlight b. temperature d. pressure
Radio Waves and Television 12. Which of EM waves are used to send television signals? a. microwaves c. sound waves b. radio waves d. broadcasting waves
MICROWAVES
13. How does a magnetron produce microwaves in a microwave oven? a. by magnetizing charged particles b. by slowing down charged particles c. by speeding up charged particles d. by speeding up magnetized particles Microwaves and Communication 14. Which EM waves are used by cellular phones? a. radio waves b. microwaves c. gamma rays d. satellite waves Radar 15. What can a police officer use radar to check? a. the speed and location of objects b. the size of objects c. the weight of objects d. the color of objects
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 27 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
INFRARED WAVES Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 16. Which gives off infrared waves? a. only things on Earth c. only buildings and trees b. only the sun d. almost all things 17. The amount of infrared waves an object gives off depends on what? a. the wave’s speed c. the object’s weight b. the wave’s color d. the object’s temperature
VISIBLE LIGHT
18. What is the range of wavelengths and frequencies that humans can see? a. infrared waves b. visible light c. ultraviolet light d. X rays Visible Light from the Sun 19. What is the visible light of all wavelengths combined? a. white light b. infrared waves c. ultraviolet light d. X rays Colors of Light 20. What does ROY G. BiV stand for? a. the last letter of each color of visible light b. the first letter of each color of visible light c. the first letter of each type of EM wave d. the person who discovered visible light
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 28 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word.
21. color of the longest wavelength • of visible light a. violet light 22. color of the shortest wavelength • b. visible of visible light spectrum 23. the range of colors • c. red light
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT Bad Effects Circle the letter of the best answer for each question.
24. Which EM waves can cause sunburn, skin cancer, and wrinkles? a. visible light waves b. infrared waves c. ultraviolet waves d. X rays 25. How can you protect your skin from getting too much ultraviolet light? a. Use tanning cream. b. Use sunscreen with a high SPF. c. Use sunscreen with a low SPF. d. Use body lotion. Good Effects
26. Which EM waves can kill bacteria on food and surgical tools? a. visible light waves b. infrared waves c. ultraviolet waves d. radio waves
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 29 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 27. What do skin cells produce when exposed to a little ultraviolet light? a. vitamin D b. freckles c. calcium d. vitamin C
X RAYS AND GAMMA RAYS X Rays 28. Which EM waves are used to see inside suitcases without opening them? a. microwaves b. infrared waves c. gamma rays d. X rays 29. Why are X rays useful in the medical field? a. X rays are stopped by most materials. b. X rays can pass through many materials. c. X rays are invisible. d. X rays have long wavelengths. 30. What can too much exposure to X rays do? a. cause sunburn b. ruin a lead apron c. overcook food d. damage or kill living cells
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 30 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Directed Reading B continued
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 31. What material can X rays NOT pass through? a. skin b. lead c. muscles d. clothing Gamma Rays 32. How do doctors use gamma rays? a. to take X rays b. to kill cancer cells c. to take temperatures d. to do surgery 33. What is a bad effect of using gamma rays to treat cancer? a. The tumors may get larger. b. The skin may get a sunburn. c. Healthy cells may be killed. d. Unhealthy cells may be killed. 34. Gamma rays kill what in food? a. harmful bacteria b. calories c. taste d. color
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 31 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Skills Worksheet Section Review p.643
The Electromagnetic Spectrum USING KEY TERMS 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term electromagnetic spectrum. ______
UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS ______2. Which of the following electromagnetic waves are produced by the sun? a. infrared waves c. ultraviolet light b. visible light d. All of the above 3. How do the different kinds of EM waves differ from each other? ______4. Describe two ways of transmitting information using radio waves. ______5. Explain why ultraviolet light, X rays, and gamma rays can be both helpful and harmful. ______6. What are two common uses for microwaves? ______7. What is white light? What are two sources of white light? ______8. What is the visible spectrum? ______
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 32 The Nature of Light Name______Class______Date______
Section Review continued
CRITICAL THINKING 9. Applying Concepts Describe how three different types of electromagnetic waves have been useful to you today. ______10. Comparing Concepts Compare the wavelengths of infrared waves, ultraviolet light, and visible light. ______
INTERPRETING GRAPHICS The waves in the diagram below represent two different kinds of EM waves. Use the diagram to answer the questions that follow.
11. Which wave has the longest wavelength? ______12. Suppose that one of the waves represents a microwave and one of the waves represents a radio wave. Which wave represents the microwave? ______
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 33 The Nature of Light