Holt Science & Technology Earth Science, Chapter 3, Section 1 and 2

Name ______Section ______

Minerals: Notes Outline Holt Science & Technology Earth Science, Chapter 3, Section 1 and 2

I. The Four Questions

A. What are “The Four Questions” used for?

1. Is it a non-living material?

2. Is it a solid?

3. Does it have a crystalline structure?

4. Is it formed in nature?

II. The Structure of Minerals

 An element is a material that is ______one kind of ______.

 Minerals are made up ______.

 Most, but NOT all, minerals are made up of ______.

 A compound is created when ______.

 So, minerals are made up of ______.

Minerals: Notes Outline (continued)

The Structure of Minerals (continued)

A. Crystalline Structure – summarize the information on the PowerPoint slide with this title.

III. Mineral Definition –

A. WHAT DOES THAT MEAN!?!?!?! – Use the PowerPoint slide to decode the definition in the space provided.

B. Why is it important to emphasize that minerals have a crystalline structure?

C. Describe some of the properties minerals have because of their crystalline structure.

IV. Mineral Uses

A. Gold

B. Calcite C. Copper

D. Corundum (Aluminum Oxide)

V. Groups of Minerals

A. Silicate Minerals –

o Quartz - Minerals: Notes Outline (continued)

Groups of Minerals (continued…)

o Feldspar –

o Mica -

B. Non-silicate Minerals –

o Sulfide Minerals –

EXAMPLE:

o Carbonates –

EXAMPLE:

o Oxide Minerals –

EXAMPLE:

o Sulfates –

EXAMPLE: o Halides –

EXAMPLE:

VI. Magnetite -

A. Why is magnetite of particular interest to some scientists?

Fish –

Bees and Birds –

Magnetite (continued…)

Magnetite Producing Bacteria –

Humans –

VII. Seven Ways to Determine the Identity of Minerals

A. Hardness

o Mohs Hardness Scale -

B. Color

o Why isn’t color reliable to identify minerals?

C. Luster o Metallic luster –

o Submetallic –

o Nonmetallic -

D. Streak -

o Why is streak more reliable than color?

Seven Ways to Determine the Identity of Minerals (continued…)

E. Cleavage and Fracture F. Density

G. Special Properties –

o Fluorescence –

o Reactivity –

o Optical Properties –

o Magnetism -