SPA/AAP Pediatric Anesthesiology 2009

Abstract Listing

YIA/1 Preliminary Experience with Reconstituted Blood in Children Undergoing Craniofacial Reconstruction Surgery PA Stricker, Davis AR, Mendohlson J, Burgess B, Ciampa B, Bartlett SP, Sesok-Pizzini DA, Jobes DR The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

YIA/2` How do Pediatric Anesthesiologists define Hypotension OO Nafiu, KK Tremper, M Morris, WT Chimbira, S Malviya, P Reynolds University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

RRA/1 Electrocarediographic Effects of Dexmedetomidine in Patients following Cardiothoracic Surgery – Preliminary Results R Komarlu, P Callahan, SE Lichtenstein, D Damain, A Phadke, D Shiderly, G Arora, R Orr, P Wearden, VO Morell, R Munoz, C Chrysostomou, EH Jooste Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

RRA/2 An Innovative Wellness Program for Residents in Training H Saadat, AA Considine, R Wardhan, ZN Kain Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

RRA/3 Continuous Lumbar Plexus Blocks for Perioperative Pain Management in Children Jonathan C. Rowell, MD, Kathleen Larkin, MD, Sean Flack, MBChB FRCA, Laurilyn Helmers, MD, Adrian Bosenberg MBChB FFA Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA WALK AROUND POSTER DISCUSSION POSTERS

Scientific Group 1 Cardiac MODERATOR –

1-1 EEG Seizures After Neonatal Cardiac Surgery with High-Flow Bypass and Maximized Oxygen Delivery Strategy D.B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M., D.P. Nelson, M.D., S.A. Stayer, M.D., A.R. Stark, M.D., E.D. McKenzie, M.D., J.S. Heinie, M.D., C.D. Fraser, Jr., M.D., R. A. Hrachovy, M.D., E. Mizrahi, M.D. Departments of Anesthesiology (Drs. Andropoulos, Stayer), Pediatrics (Drs. Nelson, Stark, Andropoulos, Stayer, Fraser), Surgery (Drs. Fraser, McKenzie, Heinle), Neurology/Electrophysiology (Drs. Hrachovy and Mizrahli) Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas

1-2 Brain MRI Injury Before and After Neonatal Cardiac Surgery with High- Flow Bypass and Maximized Oxygen Delivery Strategy D.B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M., J.V. Hunter, M.D., D.P. Nelson, M.D., S.A. Stayer, M.D., A.R. Stark, M.D., E.D. McKenzie, M.D., J.S. Heinie, M.D., C.D. Fraser, Jr., M.D. Departments of Anesthesiology (Drs. Andropoulos, Stayer), Pediatrics (Drs. Nelson, Stark, Andropoulos, Stayer, Fraser), Radiology (Dr. Hunter), and Surgery (Drs. Fraser, McKenzie, Heinle) Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas

1-3 Experience with Propofol as a Bridge to Extubation in Children with Congenital Heart Disease S Teng, E da Cruz, R Friesen, D Polaner, A Czaja, D Ranade, J Kaufman The Children’s Hospital of Denver, Denver, CO

1-4 Hemodynamic Effects following Administration of Dexmedetomidine via IV Push in Pediatric Patients Status Post Heart Transplant – Preliminary results WT Muhly, JW Ibinson, T Suresh, D Damian, S Miller, B Feingold, SE Lichtenstein, PJ Davis, EH Jooste Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA

1-5 Ketamine and complications after procedures requiring general anesthesia in children with pulmonary hypertension GD Williams, JA Feinstein, K Kamura, E Bair, C Ramamoorthy Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford Medicine School 1-6 The Use of Nitric Oxide in the Management of Hypoxemia due to Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations During Separation from Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Child Undergoing Fontan Completion DH Gambrell D.O., GA Bushman, M.D., B Harris, M.D. Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles

1-7 A Prospective Audit of Paediatric Cardiac MRI under General Anaesthesia: How safe is it? Emma Stockton, Angus McEwan, Marine Hughes, Andrew Taylor Great Ormond Street Hospital

1-8 Monitoring cerebrovascular autoregulation with reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy during pediatric cardiac surgery JO Mytar1, RB Easley1, JK Lee1, LA Vricella2, DE Cameron2, R Thompson3, KM Brady1 1) pediatric anesthesia and critical care medicine 2)cardiac surgery 3) pediatric cardiology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

1-9 Anethetic management of the Hybrid procedure for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) A.N. Naguib, P. Winch, M. Corridore, J. Isaac, B. Staker, T. John\, R. Rodeman, V. Olshove, J.P. Cheatham, M. Galantowicz Department of Pediatric Anesthesia/The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH

1-10 Activated clotting times and heparin levels in infants: how do they compare? HG Monitz, J Fernandez, TM Fazlollah, SR Tosone, BE Miller, NA Guzzetta Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

1-11 Hyperlactatemia in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases after Operations with Artificial Blood Circulation A.Y. Bakanov, A.V. Najmushin, I.N. Menshugin, A.P. Mihajlov, A.E. Bautin V.A. Almazov Heart, Blood and Endocrinology Center Saint-Petersburg, Russia

1-12 The Anesthetic Challenges of a Patient with Secondary Pulmonary Artery Embolization of a Helex Occluder Implanted into a Secundum Atrial Septal Defect GM Almeida-Chen, MD, MPH, J Diaz-Gomez, MD, J Niezgoda, MD, and P Motta, MD Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH and Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 1-13 One Lung Anesthesia for Infants, a Case Series CJ Sutton, MD; A Naguib, MD Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State University

1-14 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMRS): A Means to Evaluate Metobolic Changes in a Developing Hypoxic Rat Pup Model LW Faberowski, B Peluso, N Serkova University of Colorado Health Sciences Center at Denver; The Children’s Hospital

CA/7 – 1-15 Evaluation of the i-STAT instrument for monitoring activated clotting times in infants HG Monitz, J Fernandez, TM Fazlolla, SR Tosone, BE Miller, NA Guzzetta Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

Scientific Group 2 General I MODERATOR -

2-1 Evaluation of nurse-led pre-assessment telephone questionnaire method in preoperative screening of elective pediatric surgery: a one month review Shailesh, S., Apuya, J., Maheswari, K., and Andrews, S. University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR

2-2 Carbon Monoxide Exposure During Routine Anesthetics in Children RJ Levy1, V Nasr1, O Rivera1, R Roberts1, M Slack1, J Kanter1, K Ratnayaka1, RF Kaplan1, FX McGowan2 1Children’s National Medical Center, GWU School of Medicine and Health Sciences 2Children’s Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School

2-3 Does Dexmedetomidine provide analgesia in pediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy patients? Olutoyin Olutove M.D., Chris Glover M.D., Mehernoor Watcha M.D., Carla Giannoni M.D., Marcell Sulek M.D., Ellen Friedman M.D., Stephen S. Stayer M.D., Diedra Larrier M.D. and John Diefenderfer B.S. Departments of Anesthesia and Otolaryngology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 2-4 In Boys with Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Caffeine Decreased Post- Extubation Adverse Respiratory Events Douglas Maposa, M.D.*, Priyantha Perera, M.D.*, Alice Chuang, Ph.D.§Samia N. Khalil, M.D.* *Department of Anesthesiology §Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas

2-5 Using Lean (Toyota) Methods in Creation of a Regional Block Room to Expedite Surgical Case Flow Katherine Cashman, MD, Laurilyn Helmers, MD, Sean Flack, MB ChB, FCA, Lyn Martin, MD Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA; University of Washington Department of Anesthesia, Seattle, WA

2-6 Anesthetic Management of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy – a survey of Society for Pediatric Anesthesia J Steiner, S Adefeyisan, D Henry, R Pop, P Szmuk University of Texas Southwestern and Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX

2-7 Attention-deficit disorder: Anesthesia effects on behavioral patterns Tara Doherty, D.O., Terri Voepel-Lewis, M.S.N. R.N., Lindsey Kelly, B.S. Shobha Malviya, M.D.Alan R. Tait, Ph.D. University of Michigan Medical Center – Mott Children’s Hospital

2-8 Efficacy of the Storz Miller I Video Laryngoscope Blade in a Simulated Difficult Intubation JE Fiadjoe, P. Stricker, M. Rehman, RS Hackell, A. Salam, RS Litman The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

2-9 High body mass index in children as a risk factor for intra-operative hypotension S. Maclean, A. Cowan, OO Nafiu University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

2-10 Impact of high concentrations of sevoflurane on laryngeal reflex responses TO Erb, BS von Ungern-Sternberg, K Keller, FJ Frei Division of Anesthesiology, University Children’s Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

2-11 Temperature Changes During Induction of General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients M Shukry, D Frimberger, AJ de Armendi, JA Cure University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 2-12 Anesthesia for cardiac sympathectomy in children with congenital long QT syndrome – A case series C.A. Kenyon, R. Flick, C. Moir, M.J. Ackerman, C.M. Pabelick Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

2-13 Spontaneous Postoperative Rostral Migration of a Thoracic Epidural Catheter in a 15-Month Old Discovered by Incidental X-Rays M Marino, R Jennings, C Seefelder Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA

2-14 Spinal Anesthesia in a two-week old full term neonate presenting with hypotonia and failure to thrive with suspected congenital myopathy for vastus muscle biopsy Bettina Smallman MD, Neal Puthumana MD, David Romano MD SUNY Upstate Medical University

2-15 The Effect of a 3:1 Volume Mixture of Propofol 1% and Thiopental 2.5% in Reducing the Pain on Injection of Propofol in Children D Fahringer, MD, S Goodwin, MD, F Gurgis, MD, M Warde, RN. BSN Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, FL

Scientific Group 3 General II MODERATOR -

3-1 Emergency Paediatric Tracheostomy: A Review of Six Cases F Wrightson*, E Hipwell*, J Smith** *Specialist Registrar, **Consultant, Anaesthetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London

3-2 A Retrospective Review of Non-cardiac Surgery and Anesthesia in Patients with Surgically Corrected D-Transposition of the Great Arteries RE Christensen, PI Reynolds, BK Bukowski, SV Malviya University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI

3-3 Anesthetic management of patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome Gore C., Diefenderfer J., Young M., Gottlieb E., Stayer S. Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

3-4 Preoperative Pulmonary Function Testing in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Predicts the Need for Postoperative Ventilation D Baker, R. Schenkelberg, J Cole, D Murray Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 3-5 Perioperative Complications in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy A Laubach, MD, U Athiraman, MD, R Graham, MD, N Sethna, MD Children’s Hospital of Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

3-6 Can Dexmedetomidine be used as a sole anesthetic in the management of patients with anterior medistinal mass? Priscilla Gracia, M.D., Kalyani Govindan M.D., Mary Pina CRNA, Olutoyin Olutoye M.D. Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

3-7 Real Time Assessment of Perioperative Behaviors with Refined PACBIS Sadhasivam S, Hosu L, Hein E, Varughese A, Jou F, Samol N, Kurth CD, Cohen L, Gunter J Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology

3-8 Comparison of Anesthetic Techniques in Standard Pediatric Voiding Cystourethrogram M. Hausdorff, B Vickers, A Reddy St. Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ

3-9 The Age-Dependent Effect of Sevoflurane-Induced Neuronal Degeneration in Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures EG Piehl, P Guillod, LW Faberowski University of Colorado Health Sciences Center at Denver; The Children’s Hospital

3-10 A comparison of the use of intra-operative vasopressors during pediatric liver transplantation for patients with and without portal hypertension AP Ambardekar, M Rehman, S Cook-Sather, H Gurnaney, J Fiadjoe, C Pasquariello, B Kamath, E Rand, K Olthoff, A Jawad Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA

3-11 The association between intraoperative glucose levels with morbidity and mortality in pediatric liver transplantation W.T. Chimbira MBChB FRCA, O.O. Nafiu MD, FRCA, I. Lewis MRCP FRCA, P. Picton MRCP, FRCA University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan

3-12 Anesthetic considerations in patients with Loeys-Dietz syndrome Jennifer Hickman MD, Susan Taylor MD Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin 3-13 Effect of Propofol on Sevoflurane induced agitation in young children – a novel approach B Smallman*, I Yamout**, D Sweeney***, HJ Lemmens** Syracuse Upstate Medical University*, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford**, Golisano Children’s Hospital at University of Rochester Medical Center***

3-14 A case report of Jehovah’s Witness patient with a mixed mitochondrial disorder undergoing surgery using a tourniquet DH Gambrell, D.O., D Filsinger, M.D., GA Bushman, M.D. Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles

3-15 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Intraoperative Hypotension in Children under Anesthesia WT Chimbira FRCA, I Lewis FRCA and PI Reynolds MD University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI

Scientific Group 4 Pain MODERATOR -

4-1 The Side Effects and Safety of Epidural Analgesia following Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery E Demers Lavelle (1), W Lavelle (2), G Youssef (3), L Mounir-Soliman (3), J Niezgoda (3) (1) Department of Anesthesia and Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (2) Department of Orthopaedic Surgeryk, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (3) Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

4-2 Determination of spinal cord and dural sac location by ultrasound prior to caudal block in normal neonates and infants S. Verma, MD, S Flack MBChB FCA (SA), AT Bosenberg, MBChB FFA (SA) Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA

4-3 Sex Differences in PACU Opioid Requirements in Children Following ENT Surgery C Ing, J Saroyan, J Haddad, G Gereau-Haddon, E Grunstein, A Kakavouli, L Sun Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 4-4 Efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia in adolescent scoliosis surgery: A Meta-Analysis Andreas H. Taenzer, MD, FAAP; Cantwell Clark V, MD, MS Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH

4-5 New Teaching Model for Practicing Ultrasound Techniques: No Perishable Food products! Y Liu, N Glass, R Power Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

4-6 Preemptive analgesia in children using caudal epidural ropivacaine: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled study GC Matchett, M Gabaldon, S Tan, C Lee Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA

4-7 Hemodynamic and sedative effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine for procedural sedation in children Joseph D. Tobias Departments of Anesthesiology & Pediatrics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri

4-8 Epidural Versus IV PCA for Postoperative Pain Control in Pediatric Scoliosis Patients E Demers Lavelle (1), W Lavelle (2), G Youssef (3) (1) Department of Anesthesia and Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (2) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (3) Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

4-9 Thoracic epidural analgesia for pectus repair S Shetty, M.D., S Bidani, M.D., H Karlberg, M.D., D Cooper, B.S. MF Watcha, M.D. Texas Children’s Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

4-10 Balanced Scorecard for Pediatric Quality Management D Vermaire, K Goldschneider, R Goins Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH

4-11 Pain-morphine interaction in descending pain-modulatory pathways involving noradrenergic A7 neurons but not serotonergic neurons of the nucleus raphe magnus D Bajic, KG Commons Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 4-12 Spinal Anesthesia in Infant Rats: Preliminary Observations and Development of a Model CB Berde, B Yahalom, UK Athiraman, S Soriano Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School

4-13 Comparison of Postoperative Opioid Usage between Children who received Remifentanil or Sufentanil Infusions During Spine Fusion Surgery TM Doherty, T Voepel-Lewis, RE Christensen, AR Tait, A Mitchell, S Malviya University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI

4-14 Epidural Analgesia in Postoperative Care for Pediatric Pectus Deformities Anjana Kundu, MBBS, DA, Tracy E Harrison MD, Nathalia Jimenez MD, MPH, Kristy Seidel, MS, Lyn n D. Martin, MD Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA

Scientific Group 5 Pain/Cardiac MODERATOR -

5-1 Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia provides equivalent pain control compared to thoracic epidural analgesia for patients undergoing minimally invasive pectus excavatum repair CL Mai, TR Mark, P Colombani, S Kost-Byerly Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD

5-2 What can we learn from a Daily Pediatric Pain Report? CB Groenewald, TE Harrison, RT Wilder, PE Carns Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

5-3 Addition of Low-Dose Morphine to Caudal Block is a Questionable Benefit Following Pyloromyotomy DT Chevalier, JF Mayhew, G Mychaskiw University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, MS

5-4 Improving Safety for a Pediatric Acute Pain Service D Vermaire, K Goldschneider, R Goins Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 5-5 Effects of Intrathecal Morphine on the Postoperative Pain Experience in Patients Undergoing Posterior Spinal ‘Fusion B. McClain, R. Kingsley, A. Considine, K. Miller Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

5-6 Evaluation of the Clinical Significance of Pain Scores in Children following Surgery ND Jeffreys MD, S Malviya MD, AR Tait PhD, T Voepel-Lewis MSN, RN University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, MI

5-7 Long Term Narcotic Use in Scoliosis Patients after Acute Pain Control with Epidural Catheters Elizabeth A. Demers Lavelle, M.D. (1), William F. Lavelle, M.D. (2), George Youssef, M.D. (3) (1) Department of Anesthesia and Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (2) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY; (3) Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

5-8 Patient and Parental Satisfaction in a Pediatric Pain Service D Vermaire, K Goldschneider, R Goins Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH

5-9 Anesthetic management of the newborn with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Intact Atrial Septum Nathan Brakke, MD; Mark D. Twite, MD The Children’s Hospital, Denver & University of Colorado

5-10 Changes in near infrared spectroscopy during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest Joseph D. Tobias Departments of Anesthesiology & Pediatrics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri

5-11 Brain Immaturity on MRI is Associated with Pre- and Postoperative Brain Injury in Neonates Undergoing Cardiac Surgery D.B. Andropoulos, M.D., M.H.C.M., J.V. Hunter, M.D., D.P. Nelson, M.D., S.A. Stayer, M.D., A.R. Stark, M.D., E.D. McKenzie, M.D., J.S. Heinie, M.D., C.D. Fraser, Jr., M.D. Departments of Anesthesiology (Drs. Andropoulos, Stayer), Pediatrics (Drs. Nelson, Stark, Andropoulos, Stayer, Fraser), Radiology (Dr. Hunter) Surgery (Drs. Fraser, McKenzie, Heinle) Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas 5-12 New technology…New uses: Using a GlideScope® Video laryngoscope (Verathon) for TEE probe insertion J Drescher, S Daves, M Hernandez University of Chicago Medical Center and Comer Childen’s Hospital, Chicago, IL

5-13 Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiographic Evaluation of Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries for Orthotopic Heart Transplant Sergio Bustamante, MD, Ricardo Riveros, MD, Ahmad Adi, MD, Michelle Capdeville, MD The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

Scientific Group 6 Neuro/General Anesthesia MODERATOR -

6-1 Dexmedetomidine is Less Pro-Apoptotic than Ketamine in the Neonatal Rat Brain JR Liu, Q Li, D Bajic, JC Ibla, SG Soriano Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

6-2 Isoflurane Alone does not Produce Programmed Cell Death in Hippocampus Tissue Cultures of Seven Day Old Mice U. Schwarz MD, D. Doherty MB BCh Department of Anesthesia, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Ottawa, Ontario Canada

6-3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMRS): A Means to Evaluate Metobolic Changes within the Developing Cortex and Hippocampus LW Faberowski, M Barron, N Serkova University of Colorado Health Sciences Center at Denver: The Children’s Hospital

6-4 Cerebral Blood Volume and Cerebrovascular Reactivity Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy JK Lee1, KK Kibler1, PB Benni2, RB Easley1, M Czosnyka3, P Smielewski3, RC Koehler1, DH Shaffner1, KM Brady1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. 2CAS Medical Systems, Inc (CASMED), Branford, CT. 3Department of Academic Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, U.K. 6-5 Anesthesia Experience in Infants with Craniosynostosis for Endoscopic Strip Craniectomy: A Retrospective Review PM Meier, SM Goobie, MR Proctor, SG Soriano Departments of Anesthesiology and Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

6-6 Estimation of brain perfusion and central hemodynamics in critically ill newborns after a severe intranatal asphyxia DN Surkov, VI Snisar, OG Kapustina Dnipropetrovs’k State Medical Academy, Children City Hospital #3, Dnipropetrovs’k, Ukraine

6-7 Review of the Effect of Amicar on Blood Loss in Pediatric Idiopathic Posterior Spinal Fusion Denisa Haret, MD, M Saif Siddiqui, MD, Richard McCarthy, MD, Carol D Pierce, RNP Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

6-8 Anesthetic Management of Endoscopic Strip Craniectomy Surgery for Sagittal Suture Craniosynostosis: A Case-Series/Review Meera Gangadharan, James Rogers, D.F. Jimenez, C. Barone University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas

6-9 Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Developing Hippocampus: The Effect of Age, Hypoxia and Isoflurane C Wood, N Hamilton, LW Faberowski University of Colorado Health Sciences Center

6-10 Complications during procedural sedation for MRI: A one-year retrospective analysis in a pediatric setting Sheth, M1, Apuya, J2, Killebrew, P2 1University of Mississippi Medical Center and Batson Children’s Hospital, Jackson, MS, 2University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children Hospital, Little Rock, AR

6-11 Anesthetic Considerations for neonates and infants undergoing gel treatment for Aneurysm of Galen, 2001 to present C.A. Gore, M. Young, J. Diefenderfer, S.A. Stayer Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

6-12 Distinguishing Ambiguous from Inadvisable Care A Kuisle, D Waisel, R Sharma, B Kussman Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 6-13 Comparing peripheral venous access between obese and normal weight children: preliminary results AD Cowan, N Tutuo, C Burke, OO Nafiu University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

6-14 Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant for MRI Sedation in a Neurologically Impaired Child A Qadeer, LJ Yates, I Florentino-Pineda Children’s Medical Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

Scientific Group 7 Airway/Technique MODERATOR -

7-1 Comparison of Dexmedetomidine with Propofol for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sleep Studies in Children Mahmoud M, Gunter J, Donnelly L, Wang Y, Nick T, Sadhasivam S Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology

7-2 Comparison of the effects of endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask insertion and removal on intraocular pressure and hemodynamic changes in glaucomatous children under general anesthesia B. Sennaraj, S. Sadhasivam, J. Devarajan, P. T. Tamilselvan and R. Madan All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

7-3 Effect of increasing depth of dexmedetomidine Anesthesia on upper airway Configuration in children Mahmoud M, Radhakrishman R, McAuliffe J, Beckman E, Wang Y, Nick T, Rajagopal A, Donnelly L Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology

7-4 The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Difficult Intubation Registry: An Update Rebecca S. Hackell, John E. Fiadjoe, Sina Shah-Hosseini, Mohamed Rehman, Ronald S. Litman The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

7-5 Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Epiglottic and Base of Tongue Prolapse in Children S Woelfel MD, A Cassara MD, LM Borland MD, JG Cain MD, B Martin DMD, R Yellow MD, C Telford MS-III Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 7-6 A Prolonged EXIT: Challenges of Fetal Anesthesia SL Hebbeler, K Banerjee, CR Bachman University of ‘Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL

7-7 Retained LTA: An Airway Foreign Body Introduced During Anesthesia K Hancock, G Merritt, P Kelley University of Colorado at Denver and The Children’s Hospital, Denver, CO

7-8 Novel Use of Urethral Catheter for Atraumatic Nasal Intubation Chris Glover UT Southwestern – Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX

7-9 Overcoming the Pilot Balloon “Blues” PG Kovatsis Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA

7-10 Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Children BJ Walker1, SH Flack1, L Langford2, MT Bosenberg2, AT Bosenberg1,2 University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA1 and Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa2

7-11 Regional Anesthesia in Children – Localizing Techniques Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network (PRAN) data from 1/2007 to 10/2008 Andreas Taenzer, MD, FAAP1; Joseph Cravero, MD, FAAP1; Elliott Krane, MD, FAAP2; Lynn Martin, MD, FAAP, FCCM3; David M. Polaner, MD, FAAP4; Santhanam Suresh, MD, FAAP5, and the members of the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network 1Children’s Hospital at Dartmouth and Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH; 2Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; 3Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; 4TheChildren’s Hospital, Denver and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; 5Children’s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

7-12 Use of Simulation to Teach Pediatric Lung Isolation Techniques Anna Maria Onisei MD, Denisa Haret MD, Travis Hill Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas

7-13 The Impact of Inhalational Induction Versus Rapid Sequence Induction on Perioperative Complications AA Considine, D Snegovskikh, SM Wang Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

7-14 A Brief Sedation with Inhaled Anesthetic Agents Satisfies the Pediatric Diagnostic CT Procedures with great Safety and Expedition of Patients’ Discharge Junzheng Wu, Rosella Court, Mattias Konig Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio

7-15 Pyloromyotomy – The role of Suxamethonium in the 21st century Raju Reddy, Karthik Sabapathi Birmingham Childrens Hospital, Birmingham, UK

Scientific Group 8 Safety & Outcomes Research/Education MODERATOR -

8-1 Exhaled Carbon Monoxide Screening for Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Preanesthetic Children D Dukellis, J Zuk, JE Morrison Jr, Z Pan, RH Friesen Department of Anesthesiology, The Children’s Hospital, University of Colorado Denver

8-2 Protective Ventilation: Physiological and Inflammatory Markers During One Lung Ventilation M. Theroux, A. Olivant Fisher, M. Rodriguez, A. Costarino, L. Horner, T. Miller, and T. Shaffer A.I. duPont Children’s Hospital and Nemours Biomedical Research

8-3 Preliminary data from the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network (PRAN): demographics, practice patterns and complications David M. Polaner, MD, FAAP1; Adrian T. Bosenberg, MB, ChB4, Joseph Cravero, MD, FAAP2, Elliot Krane, MD, FAAP3, Lynn Martin, MD, FAAP, FCCM4, Santhanam Suresh, MD, FAAP5, Andreas Taenzer, MD, FAAP2 and the members of the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network 1TheChildren’s Hospital, Denver and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 2Children’s Hospital at Dartmouth and Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH; 3Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; 4Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA;; 5Children’s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

8-4 Analysis of the Pre-induction Checkout of the Anesthesia Machine for Quality Assurance Before and After Implementation of a Feedback System R Koka, PG Kovatsis Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA

8-5 Neuraxial Ultrasound Findings in Neonates with Anorectal Malformation N. Dublin, MT Bosenberg, AT Bosenberg Department of Anaesthesia, Red Cross Children’s War Memorial Hospital and University of Cape Town, South Africa

8-6 Epidemiology of Post-Anesthesia Adverse Events Reported in the Pediatric PACU A Kakavouli, M Carson, E Silverstein, O Ohkawa, L Sun Department of Anesthesia, Columbia University of New York

8-7 Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery – a five year experience in a pediatric hospital Anna Maria Onisei MD, Jesus Apuya MD, Denisa Haret MD, Shailesh Shah MD, Pam Killebrew Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas

8-8 Parental Attitudes to Videotaping: A Pediatric Hospital Survey Dr Katherine Taylor1 3, Ms A Le Huquet3, Dr. Christopher Parshuram2 3 Departments of Anesthesia1 and Intensive Care2, Centre for Safety Research3 Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

8-9 Reliability of VoceraTM Communications Devices in the Operating Room S. Shah-Hosseini1, JE Richardson2, JS Ash2, JE Fiadjoe1, Caroline Paquariello, M.D.1, MA Rehman1 1Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA/2Oregon Health & Science University 8-10 Development of a Pediatric Intra-Operative Cardiac Arrest Documentation and Quality Assurance Tool TO Oyetunde, JM Schwartz, ES Heitmiller, DH Shaffner The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

8-11 Anesthetic Challenges in a Three Year Old Male with Mitochondrial Cytopathy MM Koshel, D Chatterjee Department of Anesthesiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY

8-12 Caudal Block revisited; what are the risks? HH Lee MD1, AT Bosenberg MBChB FFA (SA)1, S Flack MBChB FCA (SA)1, L Martin MD, FAAP1, DM Polaner, MD, FAAP2, J Cravero, MD, FAAP3, E Krane, MD, FAAP4, S Suresh, MD, FAAP5, A Taezner, MD, FAAP3 Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle1, The Children’s Hospital, Denver and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO2, Children’s Hospital at Dartmouth and Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH3, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA4, Children’s Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL5

8-13 Severe Compartment Syndrome Following Extravasation of Fluids in a Critically Ill Neonate K Martinez-Lu MD, TW Weatherred MD and I Florentino-Pineda MD MBA Medical College of Georgia and Children’s Medical Center, Augusta, GA

8-14 The Children’s Memorial Hospital Pediatric Anesthesiology Fellowship: Education in Regional Anesthesia Techniques A Ambrosy, S Amin, S Suresh Children’s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 8-15 Innovative Method to Track Resident Knowledge and Skill Acquisition During Pediatric Anesthesia Training Destiny Chau, M.D., Raeford E Brown Jr., M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Kentucky Children’s Hospital Lexington, Kentucky

Scientific Group 9 Other MODERATOR - 9-1 The Prevalence of Perioperative Hypothermia in a Pediatric Setting Bridget Pearce, MD C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI

9-2 Changes in Intraocular Pressure during Surgery in Prone Position in Pediatric Patients S Adefeyisan, J Steiner, D Swift, D Weakley, L Nagy, D Sessler, P Szmuk University of Texas Southwestern and Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, TX

9-3 Measurement of central venous pressure from a peripheral intravenous catheter in the prone position during spinal surgery Joseph D. Tobias Departments of Anesthesiology & Pediatrics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri

9-4 Regional skin necrosis as a complication of infant radial artery cannulation Gordon N, Seefelder C Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

9-5 Ambulatory Surgery in the Pediatric Population of the U.S.A. JA Rabbitts, R Flick Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

9-6 Postoperative Hypoxemia in Term and Preterm Infants after Chloral Hydrate Sedation Litman R.S., Soin, K., Salam, A. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

9-7 Effect of work schedule on sleep and fatigue in Pediatric Anesthesia Attendings and Fellows: A preliminary study M Lee, SR Kudchadkar, M Yaster, A Gotschalk, RB Easley Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD

9-8 A History of Pediatric Anesthesiology: From 1950’s to the Current Era CL Mai, M Yaster Departments of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD

9-9 Perioperative “Green” Opportunities N Webel Seattle Children’s Hospital and University of Washington Department of Anesthesiology

9-10 Anesthetic considerations for Sandhoff disease Tamara Norwood, MD, Denisa Haret, MD Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

9-11 Pharmacogenetics and Feasibility of Personalizing Perioperative Analgesia in Children Sadhasivam S, McAuliffe J, Jou F, Vinks A, Zhang K. Plapp R Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology

9-12 Measuring Blood Levels of Desflurane in Children: Potential Applications for Fetal Surgery Kha M. Tran, MD*, Sina Shah-Hosseini, MSE*, Qing Cheng Meng, PhD†, Emily Parke, DO*, Lynne G. Maxwell, MD* Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia*, and University of Pennsylvania Medical Center†, Philadelphia, PA

9-13 Evaluation of Manually Controlled Propofol and Remifentanil Infusions during Spine Surgery using Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Models C. Cripe, MD, JM Feldman, MD Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

9-14 Outcomes in Children following Adenotonsillectomy Constance N. Burke, R.N., B.S.N., Sue M. Hadden, R.N., B.S.N., Sally Skotcher, R.N., B.S.N. C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of Michigan Health Care Center

Case Reports Group 10 General MODERATOR -

10-1 Pilot Study – Perioperative Acupuncture Jeannie Seybold MD, Alex Leon-Guerrero BS, Brenda Golianu MD Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

10-2 Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for resection of carinal papilloma N.A. Tutuo MBBS, FANZCA, O.O. Nafiu MD, FRCA, L.R. Riegger MD, WT Chimbira MBCHB, FRCA University of Michigan, Michigan

10-3 Cardiovascular collapse during staged resection of a sacrococcygeal teratoma Tonya LK Miller, MD; Lyn Means, MD Children’s Hospital Boston

10-4 Acquired Tracheoesophageal Fistula in Infancy: Communication is Key to Successful Outcome Arundathi Reddy, MBBS, Joseph A. Iocono, MD and Raeford E Brown, Jr, MD University of Kentucky Medical Center

10-5 Unexpected Death after Pediatric Outpatient Glaucoma Surgery MM Sheth, A Lerant Department of Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS

10-6 Persistent third degree atrio-ventricular block diagnosed during anesthesia in a “healthy” pediatric patient Y AlSayegh, MD, C Abdallah, MD, MSc Division of Anesthesiology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC

10-7 How Much Air is Too Much Air? Venous air embolism in an eleven- month-old infant S.P. Seraphin, MD, W. Binstock, MD University of Chicago, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chicago, Illinois

10-8 Acute episode of hypotension after loading dexmedetomidine in an adolescent with history of recent septic shock J Tomasson, M Mahmoud Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio

10-9 Techniques & Complications of Pediatric CT-guided Lung Biopsy under General Anesthesia: 14 Consecutive Cases H Naumann, A Pittaway, AM Lynn Seattle Children’s Hospital, WA

10-10 Anesthesia for 2 infants with Pyloric Stenosis & Pierre Robin sequence A Pittaway, H Naumann, C Haberkern Seattle Children’s Hospital, WA

10-11 Management of General Anesthesia in a teenager manifesting advanced symptoms of Kearns-Sayre Syndrome: A Case Report MK Baldwin, GA Bushman Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

10-12 Ophthalmic Anesthesia management for a patient with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome A Cherian, H Palte, S Gayer Bascom Plamer Eye Institute, University of Miami

10-13 Use of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvantg for the Anesthesia Management in Obese Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy R.A. Mendiola M.D., I. Florentino-Pineda M.D. M.B.A. Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

10-14 Rigid Bronhoscopy Through a Fresh Tracheotomy for a Foreign Body Retrieval in an Emergent Situation S Rajan, Z Ahmed, A Al-Alami S Thomas, M Haupert, J. Lelli, N Durgham, M Zestos, M Talpesh, A Wu, C Pascual Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI

10-15 General Anesthesia following a Paradoxical Reaction to Oral Midazolam after Reversal with Flumazenil – A Pediatric Case Report KP Schwartz, D Cabeza AR Children’s Hosital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

Case Reports Group 11 Cardiac/Airway MODERATOR -

11-1 Emergency Interventional Lung Assist for Pulmonary Hypertension. A Pediatric Case Report Katherine Taylor B.Med (Hons) B.A. FANZCA, Dr. Helen Holtby MBBS FRCP(C) Department of Anesthesia, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

11-2 Case Series: Elastin Arteriopathy: Management of infants with biventricular outflow obstruction, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and a propensity for coronary ischemia Michael Richards, Michael Eisses, Jeremy Geiduschek, Denise Joffe Seattle Children’s Hospital and University of Washington Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

11-3 Intraoperative use of Cerebral Oximeter and FloTrac/Vigileo cardiac output monitor to guide management of an adolescent with a Fontan physiology undergoing posterior spinal fusion RB Bryskin1, AK Ross2, S Schulman2 and DB MacLeod2 1Anesthesiology, Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida and 2Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

11-4 Unexpected TEE Finding during Cardiac Transplantation in a Child with Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy GM Almeida-Chen, MD, MPH, J Niezgoda, MD and PX Motta, MD Department of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH

11-5 Cardiac Arrest on Induction of Anesthesia in a Child Receiving Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor M Shukry, AJ de Armendi, JA Cure University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK

11-6 Anesthetic Management of Stenting Obstructed Total Anomalous Pulmonary Veins in the setting of Complex Single Ventricle Physiology M Corridore, A Naguib Department of Anesthesiology, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Ohio State University Department of Anesthesiology, Columbus, OH

11-7 A Case of Unrecognized Intraoperative Near-Total Transection of a Nasotracheal Tube Andrew J Pittaway BM, BS, FRCA Seattle Children’s Hospital, WA, USA

11-8 A Novel Technique of Retrograde Nasal Intubation for the Pierre-Robin Sequence Infant with a Known Difficult Airway R Ball, B Smallman Department of Anesthesiology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY

11-9 Spontaneous Ventilation for Type II/III Laryngeal Cleft Repair A. Bhandari, R. Moorthy Department of Anesthesiology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 11-10 Management of the difficult infant airway with the Storz Video Laryngoscope RS Hackell, LD Held, PA Stricker, JE Fiadjoe The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

11-11 Devising a long endotracheal tube to maintain the airway during the management of a complete right main bronchus avulsion in a child with blunt chest trauma EP Lin, EJ Propst, MJ Rutter, GK Istaphanous Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH

11-12 Pilot Study – Difficult Airway Management in Child Undergoing Cranial Reconstruction V. Virupannavar, MD, M. Hernandez, MD, I. Tkachenko, MD University of Chicago Hospitals

11-13 Use of the McGrath® Videolaryngoscope in a Down Syndrome Child with Cervical Spine Subluxation Lynnell Daniel, MD, Patrick N. Olomu, MD, FRCA and John E. McClay, MD University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, Texas

11-14 EMG Endotracheal Tube Monitoring in a 15 Year-Old with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Joan Ann Ascher, M.D., F.A.A.P.; Amanda Rhee, M.D. Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y.

11-15 Case Series of Children with PHACE Syndrome: Challenges facing the Anesthesiologist K. Ricketts MD and S. Taylor MD Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

Case Reports Group 12 Pain/Other MODERATOR -

12-1 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome of the Abdomen: A Case Report J Brunworth, R Slover Department of Anesthesiology, The Children’s Hospital,University of Colorado, Denver 12-2 Comparison of the On-Q® Painbuster® Post-Op Pain Relief System to a thoracic epidural for control of postoperative thoracotomy pain in a child Jonathan C Rowell, MD, Benjamin M Chang, DO, Sally E. Rampersad, MB, FRCA Seattle Children’s Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, WA

12-3 Ultrasonography-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Pediatric Anesthesia RB Bryskin Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, FL

12-4 Successful Ganglion Impar Block in an Adolescent with Chronic Coccydynia Herodotos Ellinas, MD, FAAP, Navil Sethna, MD, FAAP Children’s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

12-5 Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Associated with Avascular Necrosis of Bone E Krane, M.D., K Larkin, M.D., J Gamble, M.D. Ph.D. Stanford University School of Medicine

12-6 CRPS and Ketamine Abdi,S. MD PhD, Fink G. DO University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital

12-7 Pancreatitis after Propofol Administration in a Child with Methylmalonic Acidemia CW Zahalka, CL Mai, E Heitmiller, D Njoku Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD

12-8 Use of Intralipid to treat cardiac toxicity after caudal epidural ropivacaine injections in a premature neonate S. Joffe, A. Bhandari Rush University Medical Center

12-9 Anesthetic Implications of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency: A Case Report K Miller, C Rinder, S Wang Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

12-10 Rapid Institution of ECMO upon delivery in a patient with TGA and intact atrial septum – A Case Report A Bouchard DO, S Burns MD, K Sullivan MD. S Collins MD. S Schrum MD Wolfson Children’s Hospital/Nemours Children’s Clinic 12-11 Fibrin Patch for Post-Dural-Puncture Headache in a five year old Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia U. Schwarz MD, I. M. Idais, MD, I. Said MD, CH Lamontagne, MDCM, FRCPC Department of Anesthesia, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

12-12 Postoperative Visual Loss Associated with Genetic Thrombophilic Predisposition JA Tolley, MD, JL Smith MD, PhD Indiana University Department of Anesthesiology, Pediatric Anesthesia Section, Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, IN and Indiana Unversity Department of Surgery, Pediatric Surgery Section, Pediatric Neurosurgical Division, Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, IN

12-13 Acute and rapidly worsening bronchospasm induced by intubation confounded the proper position of endotracheal tube in a 4 week old, former 29 weeks preemie Junzheng Wu Cincinnati Children Hospital Medical Center, Ohio

12-14 Cor triatriatum dexter: a rare cause of neonatal cyanosis DJ Hoye, NA Guzzetta Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

12-15 Anesthesia in a 12 year old boy with somatic overgrowth and severe splenomegaly TB Wong, JC Rowell, C Jonmarker Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA

General Posters

GP1 Emergent Airway Management in an Infant with Congenital Laryngeal Cyst Causing Airway Obstruction MG Downard MD, and I Florentino-Pineda MD, MBA Medical College of Georia and Children’s Medical Center, Augusta, GA

GP2 Nasal CPAP in pediatric patients undergoing MRI study A. Matveevskii, A. Gonzales, J. Noble Department of Anesthesiology, Shands Hospital, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

GP3 Resection of Giant Sacrococcygeal Tumor on a Premature Infant – Anesthetic Considerations Abid U. Ghafoor, Isabella Barnes, Edwin Abraham University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (Arkansas Children’s Hospital)

GP4 Delayed imaging for the chest for anterior mediastinal mass increases morbidity and increases challenges for anesthesia M-Irfan Suleman, MD, M. Saif Siddiqui, MD, Shahid Hussain, MD, Benjamin Watkins, MD, Amir Mian, MD, MS Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas

GP5 A Retrospective Review of the Use of the “On-Q” Pump for Post- Operative Pain Management in a Pediatric Population Tamara Norwood, Anna Maria Onisei, Richard McCarthy, Pamela M. Killebrew Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

GP6 A Retrospective Chart Review Comparing the Use of Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen (Lortab) in Combination with Midazolam (Versed) in Comparison to Midazolam Alone as Premedication for Children Undergoing Adeno-Tonsillectomy Gordon L, DO, Lewis M, MD, Bouchard A, DO, Wiltrout S Wolfson Children’s Hospital/Nemours Children Clinic

GP7 Does Pregnancy testing in the main laboratory result in OR start time delay in a free-standing Children’s Hospital? Will implementation of bedside point-of-care testing decrease this delay? A Ahmed, E Kaminski, H Tirmizi, J Tweedie Children’s Hospital of Michigan Department of Anesthesiology, Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI

GP8 Airway Trauma: A Diving Accident Fink G. DO, Mendoza L. MD University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami Children’s Hospital

GP9 Difficult Tracheal Intubation in a Child with Larygomalacia Andrew Heath MD1; Kevin Pereira MBBS2, Cynthia Tung MD1 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

GP10 ET Tube Used as a Rescue Nasopharyngeal Airway: A Novel Rescue Technique for cannot intubation and cannot ventilation D. Daaboul, L. Stricker, M. Zestos, Z. Ahmed, C. Pascual and M. Gall Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI

GP11 “EXIT” of a Fetus to Difficult Airway Management in the OR M. Mathewson, M.D., K. Sedeek, M.D. Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA

GP12 Difficulty with Airway Management in a Patient with Hunter Syndrome M. Mathewson, M.D., U. Parekh, M.B.B.S. Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA

GP13 An Unexpected Challenging Airway V.Nasr MD, C Abdallah, MD, MSc Division of Anesthesiology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC

GP14 Use of the Infant Truview EV02 Laryngoscope for the management of difficult airway M. Matuszczak, R. Jain, Y. Khalil Medical School, UT Houston, Houston, TX

GP15 A Case of Infant Airway Compromise Secondary to Lympatic Malformation Scott Lipson M.D., Francine Yudkowitz M.D. Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY

GP16 A 23 Day Old Male Patient with Pierre-Robin Syndrome Who Developed Airway Complications of Airway Occlusion and Oxygen Desaturation MM Koshel, JJ Bednarczyk Department of Anesthesiology SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY

GP17 Mainstem Bronchus Foreign Body Extraction in a Child with Hunter’s Disease Angela Pennell, MD; Robert Bryskin, MD University of North Carolina Children’s Hospital

GP18 Oxygenation Failure on initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass. An easy method to check for low-pressure system gas leaks on the CPB machine N Gautam, ML Schmitz, L Zabala, S. Ullah, M White, W McKamie, C Johnson, A Lutz, RDB Jaquiss, M. Imamura Section of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

GP19 Pulmonary Embolism in Wilms Tumor AJ de Armendi, M Shukry, AR Seshachar, JL Ponder,M Rafique, M Martinez, JA Cure University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK

GP20 EPS Ablation of Accessory Pathway in a Patient with Danon’s Disease Joel Waring MD, Glenn Merritt MD Department of Anesthesiology, The Children’s Hospital, Denver, Colorado

GP21 Cardiac and Renal Transplantation in a Patient with Nemaline Myopathy: A Case Report Vinh Nguyen D.O., Nicole Dobija, M.D. D.D.S University of Florida, Department of Anesthesiology, Gainesville, FL

GP22 Anethetic management of infant with Langerhans cell histiocytosis Lori T. Justice, MD; Ann Bailey, MD University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill

GP23 Combined Epidural and Neuromuscular Blockade in an Infant with Type I SMA S. Swift, U. Parekh Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA

GP24 Negative Pressure Pulmonary Hemorrhage Following Intraoperative Laryngospasm A. Lewis M.D,, B. Jwaida M.D., S. Kemper D.O., Z. Ahmed M.D. Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI

GP25 Anaphylactic Reaction following Administration of Cisatracurium and Cefazolin Rahul Baijal, MD and Lori A. Aronson, MD Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH

GP26 Severe hypotension during posterior spinal fusion…twice! Liana Hosu, MD, Lori A. Aronson, MD and Lisa Francis, MD Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH

GP27 Anesthetic Challenges of PHACES Syndrome in an Infant during Laser Surgery V. Hrdlicka, MD, N. Dong, MD Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY

GP28 Anesthetic management of an infant with Petty-Laxova-Wiedemann Syndrome Nathan Brakke, MD; Terrence A. Yemen, MD The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia GP29 Remifentanil and an Inhalational Agent during Vascular Reconstruction for Moyamoya Disease TS Sangari, ML Schmitz, L Kulkarni, SR Shah, P Killebrew Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

GP30 Anesthesia for External Carotid to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass AR Bielsky, C Hardy Children’s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL

GP31 Postdural puncture headache in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia TS Sangari, ML Schmitz, S Ullah, SE Hale Arkansas Children’s Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

GP32 Dexmedetomidine for postoperative pain control in a teenager with Crohn’s Disease V. Virupannavar M.D. and W. Binstock M.D. University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL

GP33 Lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy following lateral positioning on a bean bag Stephenson L, Webb N, Smithers CJ, Sager S., Seefelder C Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Management, Department of Nursing, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA