Youngstown City Schools s2

YOUNGSTOWN CITY SCHOOLS SCIENCE: CHEMISTRY UNIT 5 “CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS” (4 WEEKS) 2013-2014 SYNOPSIS: Students learn how to balance and classify chemical equations according to the Law of Conservation of Matter. At the end of the unit, students will write balanced chemical equations and predict products in a reaction.

ENABLERS: equations, oxidation/reduction, synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, precipitation, acid-base neutralizations, combustion, coefficients.

STANDARDS V. CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS A. Complex reactions will be studied, classified, and represented with chemical equations and three-dimensional models B. Recognize patterns of what may happen two substances are mixed 1. Identify oxidation/reduction, synthesis, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement (including precipitation reactions and acid-base neutralizations) and combustion reactions 2. Some reactions may fit into more than one category (e.g., single-replacement may also be oxidation- reduction 3. In oxidation-reduction reactions, identify which substance is oxidized and which substance is reduced C. Coefficients are used to balance equations D. Balancing equations and modeling are used to demonstrate the law of conservation of matter 1. Write balanced chemical equations 2. Predict products in a chemical equation

LITERACY STANDARDS

WHST. 6 Use technology, including the internet, to produce, publish, and update individual or shared writing products in response to ongoing feedback, including new arguments or information.

WHST.8 Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively, assess the strengths and limitations of each source in terms of the specific task, purpose, and audience; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and overreliance on any one source and following a standard format for citation.

RST.4 Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 11-12 texts and topics.

MOTIVATION TEACHER NOTES 1. Students do Brownie Lab as lead in to the unit. Brownie Lab Attached on pages 3-6

2. Teacher reviews Conservation of Matter which is the law that makes balancing equations possible. Students must understand that what they start with is what they end with.

3. Students set personal and academic goals

4. Preview the Authentic Assessment so students know what is expected by the end of the Unit

1 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 TEACHING-LEARNING TEACHER NOTES 1. Teacher explains the 5-part classification system for equations; students take notes for future reference throughout the unit. (VA, VB)

2. Teacher use 4 question flowchart: (attached on page 7); students use key to practice identifying types of equations. (VA, VB)

3. Teacher introduces balancing equations. Students take notes. Teacher clears-up misconceptions, and introduces the terms coefficient and subscript (VC)

4. Students complete examples and practice equation balancing, including classification. Discuss in class and ask students to explain their thinking. Based on their responses, clear up where thinking is incorrect. (VC, VD1)

5. Students learn to predict products that would form from chemical reactions. Students complete practice problems; go over student answers and correct errors as a class. Be sure to include special decomposition rules (compounds that contain polyatomic ions). (VD2).

6. Teacher leads discussion on writing formulas from word equations. Students practice and check each other’s work. Students need to explain how symbols, key terms, and other content specific words are used and what they mean. (RST.4) (VC, VD)

TRADITIONAL ASSESSMENT TEACHER NOTES 1. Unit Test: Multiple-Choice

TEACHER CLASSROOM ASSESSMENT TEACHER NOTES 1. Lab reports or practical reports, using rubrics for quality points. 2. Assignments/worksheets 3. 2- 4-point questions

AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT TEACHER NOTES 1. Students evaluate their goals for the Unit. Authentic Assessment also http://www.youngstown.k12.oh.us/powpak/cgi-bin/frame.pl? attached on pages page=wq_page.pl&id=youn_tlt 4-6, or go to 2. (WHST.6 and WHST.8) webcast listed.

2 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 MOTIVATION: BROWNIE LAB

3 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 4 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 5 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 6 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 7 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 T-L #2 Flowchart on classification of equations QUESTION IF YES, We Have … IF NO … 1. Does the equation have only 1 Decomposition See #2 reactant? 2. Does the equation have only 1 Synthesis or Direct See #3 product? Combination

3. Does the equation have O2 on Combustion See #4 reactant side and water, plus an oxide on the product side? 4. Does the equation have at least 2 Double Replacement or Single compounds on both sides of the Double Displacement Replacement or equation? Single Displacement

8 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT (Traci Cain’s Webcast)

You are sent to the scene of a potential chemical explosion at the V & M Star steel mill. In order to prevent the impending explosion you must balance equations of the five basic types: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement (displacement), double replacement (displacement) and combustion. You and your team of scientists start to look around at the structure of the steel mill and find there are five separate reactors and that each reactor is run by a different type of equation. Before you can gain access to the reactors, basic knowledge of the types of equations must be provided as the password.

Process

The first task to saving the surrounding communities (Boardman, Austintown, and Warren) is to develop a poster that contains the following information:

1.) Select a type of equation: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement (displacement), double replacement (displacement) or combustion. Be sure to work with the other scientists that are working near you to be sure that you are not all doing the same poster. At least one poster for each type must be produced to succeed at saving Youngstown.

2.) When the equation type has been selected start planning your poster. Be sure to include the following information on your poster: A.) Type of equation B.) Visual of an example of your selected type of equation C.) An example equation using symbols or letters instead of actual elements completely balanced with products and reactants labeled D.) An example equation with elements, compounds or molecules completely balanced E.) Examples of these reactions in nature and industry F.) How does this type of reaction relate to your daily life? The following links will be helpful in your research for the poster:  A balancing chemical equations tutorial: http://newtraditions.chem.wisc.edu/FPTS/fbeqns/ChemEqnf.htm 9 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014  An interactive balancing equations tutorial: http://www.wfu.edu/~ylwong/balanceeq/balanceq.html

 A tutorial on types of equations and balancing equations: http://www.files.chem.vt.edu/RVGS/ACT/notes/Types_of_Equations.html

 Types of reactions: http://library.thinkquest.org/2923/react.html

 Another tutorial on balancing equations: http://www.chemistry.ohio- state.edu/betha/nealChemBal/

 Types of chemical reactions with sample problems: http://misterguch.brinkster.net/6typesofchemicalrxn.html

 Clever animation of reaction types: http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp? objid=AP13004

Once the poster is finished, it is then to be used for access to each reactor. The poster acts as your ID badge. When inside the reactor you must write and balance five equations to neutralize the situation. When finished with the first reactor, you and your team must move on to the next reactor in the sequence. When all five reactors are neutralized, Youngstown will be saved!

Reactor # 1 : Synthesis Reactions

Example: 2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) --> 2NaCl (s)

Reactor #2: Decomposition Reactions

Example: H2CO3 (aq) --> CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

Reactor # 3: Combustion Reactions

Example: C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) --> 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l)

Reactor # 4: Single Replacement Reactions

Example: Mg (s) + 2AgCl (aq) --> 2Ag (s) + MgCl2 (aq)

Reactor #5: Double Replacement Reactions

Example: 2Au(BrO3)3 (aq) + 3Be(OH)2 (aq) --> 2Au(OH)3 (s) + 3Be(BrO3)2 (aq)

10 7/12/2013 YCS Science Chemistry Unit 5 –CLASSIFYING AND BALANCING EQUATIONS 2013-2014 Evaluation Rubric

Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary Visuals present, Outstanding visuals, Lack of visuals, Few visuals, some correct but information and all Poster incorrect information, incorrect information, insufficient requirements insufficient material lacking one requirement information, all exceeded requirements meet Description of Description of Description of Description of identifiable identifiable performance identifiable identifiable Stated performance characteristics reflecting performance performance Objective or characteristics development and characteristics characteristics Performance reflecting a beginning movement toward reflecting mastery of reflecting the highest level of performance. mastery of performance. performance. level of performance

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