Colloquium: BRICs and Europe Department of War Studies/KCL and CERI/Sciences-Po

27 and 28 February 2013, Weston Room, Maughan Library, KCL Chancery Lane, London WC2A 1LR

For this second annual seminar between KCL/War Studies and Sciences-Po/CERI, after having studied the complementarities of research between the two institutions concerning security, early warning and prediction, the idea now is to encourage the specialists from both institutions to discuss the emerging political situation of Europe. Our meeting this year will explore the relations between the great powers as they evolve and analyse Europe’s relations with other zones in Asia and Latin America, especially what is now called the BRICs. For that purpose, the colloquium will also count on speakers from the International Relations Institute (IRI)/PUC-Rio, Brazil.

On the 27th of February, we will hear about how specialists from the BRIC countries see their collaboration. Each speaker will analyze the internal coherence of the BRICs, the hopes that it arouses and the suspicions that it generates.

On the 28th of February, we will discuss what the implications are of this new geopolitics and how it affects the different EU countries and institutions. How does and should Europe think about and act towards the BRIC states? Has Europe’s geographical and spatial imagination been reformulated and does it question its relationships given the post-colonial dimension?

On the side of the “Other”, how have the practices of foreign policy and the codes of ethics within the BRIC states been played internally and in the context of their relation with the EU?

Each speaker is invited to present a 15 minutes intervention and there will be plenty of time for questions and discussion.

Light lunch is provided. Places are limited - please RSVP to [email protected].

27 February 11h00 - PRESENTATION Profs. Mervyn Frost (KCL), Didier Bigo (KCL), Paulo Esteves (IRI/PUC-Rio)

Morning sessions: Chair Claudia Aradau (War Studies, KCL) First session 11h30 - 12h30 - The political imagination of the West and its post-colonial legacy Karoline Postel-Vinay (`The West, the Rest, and geopolitical imaginations`), CERI Vivienne Jabri, War Studies, KCL

Second session 12h30 – 13h30 – The view from Brazil Anthony Pereira , director of King`s Brazil Institute Paulo Esteves (`Brazil, the BRICS effect and the changing landscape of international development and international security`), director of IRI/PUC-Rio, Brazil Lunch : 13h30 – 14h30

Afternoon sessions: Chair Didier Bigo (KCL) Third session 14h30 -15h30 - The view from Asia Charlotte Goodburn (`The view from China`), China Institute, KCL David Camroux (`The EU and Indonesia: the Neglected BRI(I)C?`), CERI

Fourth session 15h30 -16h30 - The view from India Rudra Chaudhuri, War Studies, KCL Christophe Jaffrelot (`The Diplomacy of Emerging Powers and the West: Power struggle, conflict of values-or both?), CERI

16h30 – 17h – DISCUSSION ------

28 February

Morning sessions First session 11h30-12h30 - The view from Russia Anatol Lieven, War Studies, KCL Ruth Deyermond, War Studies, KCL

Second session 12h30-13h30 - European policies concerning the BRICs: are they on the agenda? Anne Marie le Gloannec, CERI Peter Busch, War Studies, KCL

13h30- 14h30 - Lunch

Afternoon sessions: Chair Mervyn Frost Third session 14h30 -15h- Roundtable – introduction to the general discussion: `The place of Europe in a world transformed by the rising power of the BRIC, what future?` Ned Lebow, War Studies, KCL, and Matias Spektor, King`s Brazil Institute

15h – 16h – General discussion and further projects All participants Colloquium: BRICs and Europe Bios and abstracts

Claudia Aradau (chair) Claudia Aradau is senior lecturer in International Relations in the Department of War Studies, King's College London. Her research interrogates the effects of security practices for political subjectivity and emancipation. Most recently, her work has focused on materialities of (in)security, and the role of anticipation for security governance. She is the author of Rethinking Trafficking in Women: Politics out of Security (Palgrave, 2008) and co-author, with Rens van Munster, of Politics of Catastrophe: genealogies of the unknown (Routledge, 2011). She is also Associate Editor of Security Dialogue, member of the editorial collective of Radical Philosophy, and editorial board member of International Political Sociology and The Journal of Critical Globalisation Studies.

Didier Bigo (chair) Didier is Professor of International Relations at Sciences-Po, Paris and researcher at the Center for International Studies and Research/National Foundation of Political Science (CERI/FNSP). He is the scientific coordinator of the FR5 program of the EC Commission ELISE (European Liberty and Security) and the 6PCRD (CHALLENGE).

Mervyn Frost (chair) Professor Frost was educated at the University of Stellenbosch and subsequently, as a Rhodes Scholar, he read Politics at Oxford. He held lectureships at the University of Cape Town and at Rhodes University before being appointed to the Chair of Politics and Head of Department at the University of Natal in Durban. In 1996 he was appointed Professor of International Relations at the University of Kent in Canterbury. He has been President of the South African Political Studies Association and editor of its journal Politikon. He is currently on the editorial boards of: International Political Sociology; Journal of International Political Theory; and South African Journal of International Affairs. He has served on the Executive Committee of the International Studies Association (ISA) and was until 2008 Chairman of the International Ethics Section of the ISA.

Professor Frost joined the Department in 2003 as Professor of International Relations in the Centre for International Relations. In 2007 he was appointed Head of the Department of War Studies.

Peter Busch

Dr Peter Busch is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of War Studies, King's College London. He holds masters degrees in journalism (University of Dortmund, Germany) and international history (London School of Economics). He completed his PhD at the LSE in 2000. Before joining the Department in September 2004, he was Senior Broadcast Journalist in the news and current affairs department of Germany's biggest TV station, ZDF. He also taught seminars in history at the Free University of Berlin, the University of Erfurt and the London School of Economics, as well as international journalism at the University of Hanover. Dr Busch's current book project is a study of the media coverage of new wars. He is also working on GDR propaganda against West Germany's Bundeswehr in the 1960s, and on photographers as cultural brokers.

David Camroux

The EU and Indonesia: the Neglected BRI(I)C? In the last decade some twenty monographs and edited volumes have been published on EU-China and several on relations with India yet the subject of EU relations with the world’s largest Muslim country and, today, the third largest democracy remains virtually unstudied. Perhaps this lack of academic interest is, prosaically, a reflection of the shallowness of the subject? If so this shallowness requires explanation. It is the purpose of this paper to explain the EU’s neglect of Indonesia, a country possessing all the attributes of “bricdom’, by reference to the colonial past and, above all, Indonesia’s decolonization experience. Moreover a number of structural factors will be highlighted. In Indonesia these include the non-aligned and ‘soft hedging’ nature of Indonesian foreign relations, whereas, on the European side there has been a marked tendency to inscribe EU-Indonesian relations within the ‘interregional’ relations with ASEAN. David Camroux is an Associate Professor seconded to Sciences Po and attached to the CERI and is at present a Senior Visiting Fellow at the LSE. His research activity is at the interface between international relations and comparative politics with a particular focus on the domestic factors in Southeast Asian countries that militate in favour of a sense of Asian regional identity. While in London he is working on a manuscript on the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) process.

Rudra Chaudhuri

The view from India India was one of the first country’s to recognise the EEC. Political elites across mainstream political parties have since sought to develop what might at best be called a strategy of cautious engagement with the EU – as a supra state institution – and forceful engagement with its member states. The history and memory of colonial rule, this presentation argues, has played a less significant – at least since the early 1970s – if not absent role in shaping Indian behaviour with regards to Europe. In fact, arguments suggesting the imperatives of colonial legacies in generating strategies of action – when it comes to the EU, including Britain – are superfluous at best. The EU, the presentation stresses, is considered as a multilateral platform that can help shape both international politics and exacting outcomes, lending greater degrees of legitimacy to younger and growing markets like that of India’s.

Yet, in matters associated with nuclear non-proliferation, climate change, or global fiscal imbalances, sets of beliefs – coded in principles and even policy – institutionalised in India and those within Europe appear to be in a state of mutually recognised contest. Whether it is agendas created in Brussels or those developed in New Delhi, the contest over and the select interpretation of key issues outlined above have every potential to nudge the ‘rules of the game’ farther away from the ‘other’ or the EU. This may prove taxing – to elites in Europe – as Indian leaders negotiate their way into and sometimes momentarily out of existing regimes challenging the principle ideas underpinning such regimes as they exist today.

Dr Rudra Chaudhuri is lecturer of South Asian Security & Strategic Studies in the War Studies Department, KCL and member of the India Institute, KCL.

Ruth Deyermond

Dr Deyermond joined the department in September 2002 as a lecturer in post-Soviet security. She received a BA in English Literature from the University of Oxford; an MA in Renaissance Drama from the University of Warwick; and an MA in International Relations and, in 2003, a PhD in Government, both from the University of Essex. Prior to her MA in International Relations she was a Fast Stream Civil Servant in HM Treasury.

Dr Deyermond's areas of current research are: The construction of the 'War on Terror' and Meanings of democratisation in US Central Asian policy. She is also is a convenor of the Russia and Eurasia Security Research Group

Paulo Esteves

Brazil, the BRICS effect and the changing landscape of international development and international security The presentation will discuss the effects of emerging powers (especially BRICS countries) on multilateral institutions and multilateral norms focusing on the fields of international development and international security. It will be argued that, besides the differences among BRICS countries' positions within these fields, it is possible to identify a common effect (the BRICS effect) that is, currently, changing and defying the universal claims of multilateral norms and institutions.

Paulo Esteves holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from IUPERJ (2003). In 2008 conducted his postdoctoral studies within the field of International Relations at Copenhagen University. He is a professor of International Relations at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, and Senior Researcher at the BRICS Policy Center. Paulo Esteves has published two books: "International Institutions: security, trade and integration" (as organizer, in 2004 – in Portuguese) and "The Convergence of Security and International Humanitarian Practice" (2010 – In Portuguese). During this period, he also published a series of articles and book chapters in the areas of international security, humanitarian protection and development cooperation. He was a consultant of UNDP, CNPq and CAPES on several occasions and is a member of the editorial board of journals such as International Political Sociology, Carta Internacional and Contexto Internacional. Paulo Esteves is a founding associate of the Brazilian International Relations Association (ABRI) and currently its president.

Charlotte Goodburn

The View From China The coining of the “BRICs” acronym in 2001 was met by bafflement in China. Many Chinese academics and policymakers, as well as the general public, failed to understand China’s inclusion in this supposed country bloc. Today, the concept of the “four golden brick countries” (jin zhuan si guo) is familiar in China and has been the subject of much positive rhetoric, yet many continue to believe that China has far outstripped the other members of this grouping. China’s share in world output at purchasing power parity has risen dramatically since the 1980s, and its share of BRIC output is above 60 per cent. In terms of size and openness to trade, China has as much economic clout as the others put together.

Nonetheless, in recent years China has worked to forge links with the other BRICs, based primarily on a common interest in obtaining a greater say in managing the global financial system and diluting the supremacy of the dollar. Furthermore, besides helping to contain US dominance, BRIC cooperation has several other possible advantages for China, including stabilising its international environment, strengthening its identity as a developing country and coordinating its position to increase its global leverage. China’s recent interaction with the other BRICs has been important, but the space for future BRIC cooperation may be limited by fundamental differences among the BRICs in politics, security, economics and trade, as well as by difficulties in relations between China and other BRIC countries, especially India.

Dr Charlotte Goodburn is Lecturer in Chinese Politics and Development in the Lau China Institute, King’s College London. She was previously based in the Centre of Development Studies at the University of Cambridge. Her research focuses on issues in migration, politics and development in China and India.

Vivienne Jabri

Vivienne Jabri is Professor of International Politics and Coordinator of the Centre for the Study of Political Community. She joined King’s in 2003, having previously lectured at the University of St. Andrews and the University of Kent. Professor Jabri's research draws on critical and poststructural social and political theory to investigate the nexus between international politics and war, specifically how war and interventionist practices (including peacebuilding operations) relate to sovereignty, political community, subjectivity, the international politics of culture and race, and the political/juridical structure of the international. Her current research and writing focus on war/violence and conceptions of cosmopolitan political community in a globalised world. Professor Jabri has held European Commission funding for collaborative research on the relationship between practices of security, war, and their implications for liberties and rights. Professor Jabri serves on the Editorial Boards of the journals International Political Sociology and Security Dialogue, and is a member of the Politics and International Studies subpanel for the 2014 REF.

Christopher Jaffrelot

The Diplomacy of Emerging Powers and the West: Power struggle, conflict of values-or both? The idea that the West-whose very unity is in itself contested-could find itself confronted by a “coalition of the rest” is hardly recent. It goes back at least to the 1990s when, almost half a century after the first decolonizations, the rise of Asia started to visibly modify the international order. The premises of the coming upheaval of the global order were, at the time, interpreted through a civilizational prism, both by notable citzens of emerging powes such as Kishore Mahbabni, and by American thinkers desirous of resisting such an evolution, such as the inventor of the “clash of civilizations”,SamuelHuntingon.

In the field of international relations, where complex ideas frequently mask naked interests, emerging powers often appear to be motivated by the goal not so much to promote an alternative architecture to the global system, than by the ambition to unseat or dilute the influence of the more established Western powers. The perceived overrepresentation of the West within multilateral institutions facilitated the projection of the West as a common, unified foe. Beyond the various tussles linked to realpolitik-tinted contingencies, however, lie more important concerns. Indeed, it is the very values-system of the future world order which is at stake. Christophe Jaffrelot has been Director of CERI (Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales) at Sciences Po (Paris) between 2000 and 2008. He is Research director at the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) and teaches South Asian politics and history at Sciences Po. His most significant publications are The Hindu nationalist movement and Indian politics, 1925 to the 1990s, Penguin India, 1996 and 1999, India’s Silent Revolution. The Rise of the Lower Castes in North India, Permanent Black, 2003 and Dr Ambedkar and untouchability. Analysing and fighting caste, New York, Columbia University Press, 2005. He has also edited Pakistan, Nationalism without a Nation?, Delhi, Manohar, 2002 and co-edited with P. Van der Veer, Patterns of middle class consumption in China and India, New Delhi, Sage, 2008; with S. Kumar, Rise of the plebeians ? The changing face of Indian legislative assemblies, New Delhi, Routledge, 2009 and with L. Gayer, Militias of South Asia, New York, Columbia University Press, 2010.

Ned Lebow Professor Richard Ned Lebow Professor of International Political Theory at the Department of War Studies, King's College London and James O. Freedman Presidential Professor Emeritus at Dartmouth College. He is also a Bye- Fellow of Pembroke College, University of Cambridge. He has taught strategy and the National and Naval War Colleges and served as a scholar-in-residence in the Central Intelligence Agency during the Carter administration. Professor Lebow has held visiting appointments at the University of Lund, Sciences Po, University of Cambridge, Austrian Diplomatic Academy, Vienna, London School of Economics and Political Science, Australian National University, University of California at Irvine, University of Milano, University of Munich and the Frankfurt Peace Research Institute. Recent awards include the Jervis-Schroeder Award and the Susan Strange Award for A Cultural Theory of International Relations in 2009 and the Alexander L. George book award for Tragic Vision of Politics from the International Society of Political Psychology. He has authored and edited 28 books and nearly 200 peer reviewed articles.

Anne-Marie Le Gloannec Anne-Marie is director of research at Science Po. She holds a Ph.D. from the Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Paris (IEP). Fellow SSRC-MacArthur Foundation, 1988-1990. Former fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington DC, 1984 and 2004. Former deputy director of the Marc Bloch Center in Berlin (1997-2002); has held teaching positions at Johns Hopkins University (Bologna Center), the University of Paris I, Sciences Po, the IEP of Lille, the Free University of Berlin, and the Viadrina University (Frankfurt-an-der-Oder). Visiting professor at the University of Stuttgart (April-July 2007) and at the University of Cologne (2007-2008). Author of several books and she was a regular contributor to the newspapers L’Express and Le Figaro.

Anatol Lieven

Professor Anatol Lieven is chair of international relations in the War Studies Department of King’s College London, and a senior fellow of the New America Foundation in Washington DC. His latest book, Pakistan: A Hard Country, was published in April 2011 by Penguin and was selected by the Daily Telegraph as one of the '2011 Books of Year'. A new edition of , America Right or Wrong: An Anatomy of American Nationalism, is published in 2012.

Anthony Pereira

Director of King`s Brazil Institute. His current work concerns citizenship, human rights, public security, and state coercion in Brazil. This includes a study of the performance of a relatively new human rights institution, the police ombudsman, in two different states in Brazil, as well as an analysis of some recent efforts to reform the police. Pereira has been a member of the Executive Committee of the Brazilian Studies Association (BRASA) and is an occasional commentator for BBC Brazil Karoline Postel-Vinay

The West, the Rest, and geopolitical imaginations. The critical geopolitics literature of the 1990s (J Agnew, N Smith, D Slater, O Toal, ..) challenged the terms of a discourse on globalization that projected itself beyond space and history (“end of geography”, “end of history”). It provided a framework of analysis that could be again useful to make critical geopolitical sense of the current narrative on “emerging powers”.

Karoline Postel-Vinay is director of research at CERI. Her latest book on “the G20, a laboratory for an emerging world” has been translated into Spanish (El G20, Laboratorio de un mundo emergente) and will be published in English.

Matias Spektor Spektor hold the Rio Branco Chair in International Relations, at King`s Brazil Institute, for this year. Matias Spektor is associate professor at FGV in Rio de Janeiro. He's the author of “Kissinger e o Brasil” (2009) and “Azeredo da Silveira: um depoimento” (2010). His next book is entitled “18 dias: Lula, Fernando Henrique e a Casa Branca de George W. Bush” and will be published in 2013. Matias writes a column for Folha de S. Paulo, Brazil's leading newspaper, and his work for the press has appeared in the New York Times and the International Herald Tribune. He was visiting fellow with the London School of Economics, the Council of Foreign Relations and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Matias was founding director of FGV's Center for International Relations (2009-2012) and holds a doctorate from Oxford. As Rio Branco Chair in International Relations at King's Matias will work on a global history of Brazil's nuclear programme.